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PRESENTATION ON
CMC & RGMO

INTRODUCTION
MODES OF OPERATION IN THERMAL POWER PLANT
● Manual Mode
● Boiler Follow Mode
● Turbine Follow Mode
● Co-Ordinated Master Control Mode
MANUAL MODE
● In this Mode both Boiler Master and Turbine
Controller switched over to manual and unit
controlled manually.
BOILER FOLLOW MODE
● In this mode turbine takes lead and boiler follows.
● In this mode boiler has to supply the steam for
whatever load has been set from Turbine desk.
● In this mode turbine maintain MW Demand and
Boiler maintain MS Pressure.
BOILER FOLLOW MODE
TURBINE FOLLOW MODE
● In this mode Boiler takes lead and Turbine follows.
● Boiler manually controlled.
● In this mode Turbine master On Auto- controls
Turbine throttle steam pressure and MW depends
on the steam output of the Boiler.
TURBINE FOLLOW MODE
CO ORDINATED MASTER
CONTROL
● In this mode the target load is set through CMC unit
demand.
● Unit load demand is fed to BOILER MASTER to generate
Boiler Demand i.e. air & fuel requirement and to
TURBINE CONTROL to set Turbine Demand i.e. MW.
• In this mode both BOILER MASTER and TURBINE
CONTROL are put in ‘AUTO’ and Unit Load Demand is
fed to both Boiler and Turbine to compute their individual
Load Demands.
CO ORDINATED MASTER
CONTROL
SALIENT FEATURES OF CMC
RUN DOWN
▪ Run down is switched ON automatically when the Process
error (negative) i.e. Feed water, Air flow etc. becomes
excessive AND(&) the controller output of the
particular loop(feed water, air flow, furnace pressure and
fuel) goes to maximum position (> 98 %) making process
uncontrollable. Under the situation, Unit load demand is
reduced to a value as Permitted by the Process to get over
the blockage.
▪ Run Down rates is 5 MW/Min.
For example Air Flow Control
Air Flow Set Point = 1500
Actual Air Flow = 1800
Deviations= Set Point – Air Flow= 1500-1800= -300

% Deviation = (Deviation/Set Point) * 100 = -20
IF % D <-19 and Air Flow Master Demand > 98 %
Then Run Down is active and 5 MW/Min will be reduced from Unit
Demand till the Run Down condition is active.
INCREASED BLOCK :
In this if any of the condition comes i.e. if process
error (negative) OR the controller output goes to
maximum ( > 98% ) then Incr. blocked will come
and it will hold the unit load demand till process
recovers within limits.
CONDITIONS FOR RUN DOWN/INC. BLOCKED

● Feed water flow deviation
● Airflow deviation
● Fuel flow deviation
● Furnace pressure deviation
● PA header pressure deviation
● Load control deviation
● Throttling pressure deviation
Run Up:
▪ Run Up is switched ON automatically when the
Process error (positive) i.e. Feed water, Air flow etc.
becomes excessive AND (&) the controller output of
the particular loop (feed water, air flow, furnace
pressure and fuel) goes to minimum position (< 2%)
making process uncontrollable. Under the situation,
Unit load Demand is increased to a value as
Permitted by the Process to get over the blockage.
▪ Run Up rate is 5 MW/Min.

For example Air Flow Control
Air Flow Set Point = 1500
Actual Air Flow = 1200
Deviations= Set Point – Air Flow= 1500-1200= 300

% Deviation = (Deviation/Set Point) * 100 = 20
IF % D > 19 and Air Flow Master Demand < 2 %
Then Run Up is active and 5 MW/Min will be increased from Unit

Demand till the Run Up condition is active.
Decrease blocked:
In this if any of the condition comes i.e. if process
error (positive) OR the controller output goes to
minimum ( < 2 %) then Decrease blocked will come
and it will hold the unit load demand till process
recovers within limits.
CONDITIONS FOR RUN UP/DECR. BLOCKED

● Feed water flow deviation
● Airflow deviation
● Fuel flow deviation
● Furnace pressure deviation
● PA header pressure deviation
● Load control deviation
● Throttling pressure deviation
Runback:
▪ It is switched ON automatically in the event of
tripping of unit auxiliaries i.e. BFP, ID, FD fans etc.
and unit capability will reduce and accordingly the
unit demand will also reduce.
▪ The rate of run back is 20 MW/Min.

Unit Capability of Auxiliary
Drive Unit Capability
BFP 510 MW
ID Fan 510 MW
APH 510 MW
BCW 520 MW
CEP 510 MW
CWP 510 MW
FD Fan 510 MW
Mill 528 MW
PA Fan 510 MW
LSR 510 MW
Note:- Whichever is minimum is selected as unit capability.

PROCEDURE FOR PUTTING MACHINE INTO CMC MODE
For putting machine into CMC following condition
should be satisfied
➢ Airflow control should be in auto (Secondary Air Master).
➢ Furnace pressure control should be in auto (IGV and VFD
Master).
➢ Drum level in auto (Part Master).
➢ Fuel master should be in auto (Fuel Master).
➢ PA header pressure control in auto.
➢ Both HPBP Valve should be closed.
➢ Load deviation within limits (i.e. the deviation between load
SP and actual load should be less than 5 MW).
➢ MS pressure deviation within limits (difference between MS

set point and actual MS pressure should not be high
preferably within + 2kg/cm2).
➢ HPCV should be throttled (i.e. turbine should not be running
under valve wide open condition).
➢ Unit should be running under steady state (MW and fuel
flow are reasonably steady for about 10-15 minutes).
➢ There should not be any EHTC Fault.
➢ Machine should be running in Load Control.
Ensuring all the above conditions and auto loop status

proceeding to the next step
➢ Put the LP Mode ON ( from the

pop up given on EHTC page)
➢ Set the MS Pressure SP Value near to running MS

Pressure value & then put the MS Pressure SP in auto.
➢ Set the Unit Load SP Value near to Running Plant Load
Value.
➢ Now Put the Fuel Flow SP Control in Auto to fix the
Ratio between Fuel & Load.
➢ Now put the Boiler master in auto from CMC Page.
● The selection of plant mode control will be in manual,
then select the coordinate control from the popup
given on CMC Page.
RGMO
● RGMO stands for Restricted Governing Mode of Operation.
● In accordance to the clause 5.2(f),5.2(g),5.2(h),5.2(i) of IEGC

(Indian Electricity Grid Code) all Thermal Generating Units
of 200 MW & above, all Hydro Units of 10 MW & above
which are synchronized of the irrespective of their ownership
shall have restricted governor mode of operation (RGMO)
with effect from 01.08.2010.
● Try to maintain Grid Frequency at 50 Hz in power deficit

environment all generating station should have load
correction based on frequency.
CERC GUIDLINE FOR RGMO
• There will be no change in the Frequency Influence
(MW) for frequency in the range 49.5 Hz to 50.05 Hz i.e
speed in the range of 2994 rpm to 3003 rpm.
• Ripple filter of +/-0.03 Hz (1.8 rpm) is provided so that

small change in Frequency are ignored for Load
correction.
• Hold on time for any change in frequency beyond 1.8

rpm is 300 sec( 5 min).
• Hold on time will get nullified if speed >3030 or <2940

rpm.
Negative Influence (MW)
● Negative influence for speed >3003 rpm and <3030rpm

i.e 50.05 Hz to 50.50 Hz
● 5% droop limited to 5% Load i.e – 25 MW for 500 MW

unit.
● For speed >3030 rpm, 5% droop limited to 10 % Load i.e

-50 MW for 500 MW unit.
Positive Influence (MW)
● Positive influence for speed <2994 rpm i.e >49.9 Hz
● 5% droop limited to 5% MCR i.e 25 MW for 500 MW

unit.
RGMO Characteristics
● M
● W
+25
MW
● 50 ● Freq
● 49.5 49.9 HZ 50.05 HZ ● 50.5 uenc
HZ
H
HZ
y
Z
● -25
MW
RGMO Frequency Influence
Do you have any advice or suggestions ???
Thank You !! ^

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PRESENTATION ON

CMC & RGMO

Deviations= Set Point – Air Flow= 1500-1800= -300

CONDITIONS FOR RUN DOWN/INC. BLOCKED

▪ Run Up rate is 5 MW/Min.

Deviations= Set Point – Air Flow= 1500-1200= 300

Then Run Up is active and 5 MW/Min will be increased from Unit

CONDITIONS FOR RUN UP/DECR. BLOCKED

▪ The rate of run back is 20 MW/Min.

Note:- Whichever is minimum is selected as unit capability.

➢ MS pressure deviation within limits (difference between MS

Ensuring all the above conditions and auto loop status

➢ Put the LP Mode ON ( from the

➢ Set the MS Pressure SP Value near to running MS

● In accordance to the clause 5.2(f),5.2(g),5.2(h),5.2(i) of IEGC

● Try to maintain Grid Frequency at 50 Hz in power deficit

• Ripple filter of +/-0.03 Hz (1.8 rpm) is provided so that

• Hold on time for any change in frequency beyond 1.8

• Hold on time will get nullified if speed >3030 or <2940

Negative Influence (MW)

● Negative influence for speed >3003 rpm and <3030rpm

● 5% droop limited to 5% Load i.e – 25 MW for 500 MW

● For speed >3030 rpm, 5% droop limited to 10 % Load i.e

Positive Influence (MW)

● Positive influence for speed <2994 rpm i.e >49.9 Hz

● 5% droop limited to 5% MCR i.e 25 MW for 500 MW

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