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PRACTICAL 1 - Basic Statistic-0112

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46 views7 pages

PRACTICAL 1 - Basic Statistic-0112

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afeeqrashid
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© © All Rights Reserved
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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA SHAH ALAM

FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES


Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Biology
BIO464

Practical 1: Basic Concepts of Statistic and Variation

Prepared by:
Bil Name ID Group
.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Prepared for:

Dr. Faezah Pardi

1
PRACTICAL 1

BASIC CONCEPTS OF STATISTICS AND VARIATION

In this practical you will learn about normal distribution and its parameters, the mean and
variance and initial understanding about correlations.

The objectives of this practical are as follows:

i. To calculate and describe the following descriptive statistics: mean, variance


and standard deviation
ii. To understand the concept of correlation
iii. To determine the relationship between the two variables

Materials
Leaves, Ruler, Weighing Balance, Graph paper

Method
1. Take 10 leaves, measure and record their length and width. Calculate the mean,
variance and standard deviation (sd) of the length and the width of the 10 leaves.
Tabulate your data in a graph paper.

2. Repeat for another 2 sets of leaves, so you will have 3 sets which gives a total of
30 leaves from the same tree.

3. Tabulate your results as a data matrix:


Set 1 Set 2 Set 3
Mean, var and sd - width
Mean, var and sd - length

4. i) Use the data of ALL the 30 leaves to plot a graph of leaves length versus
leaves width. ( You must have all 30 data in one graph paper)
ii) Is there a relationship between length and width of leaves? If there is what
sort of relationship is it? Is it linear (straight line), curve, etc. Discuss the
relationship.

2
Result
You should have measurements of 3 sets of leaves (30 data) for each parameter (leaf
length and width).

SET 1
a) Leaf length (cm)
Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1
Leaf 2
Leaf 3
Leaf 4
Leaf 5
Leaf 6
Leaf 7
Leaf 8
Leaf 9
Leaf 10
Σ Xi = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =

Mean = Σ Xi =
n

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
n-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 =


n-1

b) Leaf width (cm)

Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1
Leaf 2
Leaf 3
Leaf 4
Leaf 5
Leaf 6
Leaf 7
Leaf 8
Leaf 9
Leaf 10
Σ Xi = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =

3
Mean = Σ Xi =
n

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
n-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 =


n-1
SET 2

a) Leaf length (cm)


Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1
Leaf 2
Leaf 3
Leaf 4
Leaf 5
Leaf 6
Leaf 7
Leaf 8
Leaf 9
Leaf 10
Σ Xi = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =

Mean = Σ Xi =
n

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
n-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 =


n-1
b) Leaf width (cm)
Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1
Leaf 2
Leaf 3
Leaf 4
Leaf 5
Leaf 6
Leaf 7
Leaf 8
Leaf 9

4
Leaf 10
Σ Xi = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
Mean = Σ Xi =
n

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
n-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 =


n-1

SET 3
a) Leaf length (cm)
Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1
Leaf 2
Leaf 3
Leaf 4
Leaf 5
Leaf 6
Leaf 7
Leaf 8
Leaf 9
Leaf 10
Σ Xi = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
Mean = Σ Xi =
n

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
n-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 =


n-1
b) Leaf width (cm)
Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1
Leaf 2
Leaf 3
Leaf 4
Leaf 5
Leaf 6
Leaf 7
Leaf 8
Leaf 9
5
Leaf 10
Σ Xi = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =

Mean = Σ Xi =
n

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 =
n-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 =


n-1
n

Post Lab Questions:

1. Discuss the differences or similarity of the mean of length between different set of
leaves. Do the same for the mean of width.
(10 marks)

2. What is meant by variance? “The leaves have different measurements of width


and length”. What is the meaning of this statement? Discuss with respect to
variance. What is meant by “standard deviation”?
(8 marks)

3. Why is it necessary to have different sets of measurements for the measurement


of leave width and length?
(2 marks)

6
APPENDIX A

Result
You should have measurements of 3 sets of leaves (30 data) for each parameter (leaf
length, width and weight).

SET 1
a) Leaf length (cm)
Xi (Xi - X)2
(Xi- X)
Leaf 1 8.3 8.3- 8.33 0.0009
Leaf 2 8.8 8.8 -8.33 0.2209
Leaf 3 7.5 7.5 -8.33 0.6889
Leaf 4 8.5 8.5 -8.33 0.0289
Leaf 5 9.0 9.0 -8.33 0.4489
Leaf 6 8.2 8.2 -8.33 0.0169
Leaf 7 8.0 8.0 -8.33 0.1089
Leaf 8 7.9 7.9 -8.33 0.1849
Leaf 9 8.0 8.0 -8.33 0.1089
Leaf 10 9.1 8.8 -8.33 0.2209
Σ Xi = 83.3 Σ (Xi- X) 2 = 2.029

Mean = Σ Xi = 83.3 = 8.33


n 10

Variance = σ 2 = Σ (Xi- X) 2 = 2.029 = 0.2254


n-1 10-1

Standard deviation = σ = √ Σ (Xi- X) 2 = √ 0.2254 = 0.4748


n-1

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