Question

Answer Notes Marks

number
1 a i M1 35 on lines 1 and 3 1
M2 44 on line 2 1
ii isotopes 1

iii same number of electrons (in outer shell) Ignore references to protons and neutrons 1
OR unless incorrect, eg different numbers of
same electron arrangement or configuration protons, same number of neutrons
79
iv M1 Br Accept just 79 1
M2 79 is closer to 79.9/more accurate value Accept 79 is closer to relative atomic mass 1
M2 dependent on M1

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
1 b i M1 shared pair of electrons 1
M2 other electrons correct (not necessary to be 1
paired)
M2 dependent on M1
Accept any combinations of dots and
crosses
Circles not needed but if drawn must
overlap or touch – if not, then 0/2
Ignore inner electron shells even if
incomplete or incorrect
Do not penalise incorrect symbols, eg br/BR
If Na used in place of H, max 1
No marks if ions shown
ii M1 shared (two/pair of) electrons Not share an electron 1
M2 attracted to both nuclei M2 dependent on M1 or near miss 1
eg the electrons are attracted to the
nucleus scores 0
the electrons are attracted to both nuclei
scores M2 but not M1
0/2 if references to ions / ionic bond /
intermolecular forces

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
1 b iii M1 (sodium bromide) ionic bonding / + and – ions Reject covalent bonding / shared 1
electrons
M2 (hydrogen bromide) attraction between Accept dipole-dipole attractions / van 1
molecules der Waals' forces / IMF / vdW
/ intermolecular forces (of attraction) Ignore hydrogen bonds
Reject ions/ionic
M3 ionic bonding stronger Accept ionic bonds stronger 1
OR M3 dependent on comparison of
IMF / attractions between HBr molecules weaker intermolecular forces and ionic bonding
Accept correct references to energy
needed to overcome bonding /
attractions
Ignore references to reactivity and
mass

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
1 c M1 Na Br O 0/3 if division by atomic number(s) 1
13.8 47.9 38.3 /division wrong way round
23 80 16 If only two elements shown correctly,
only M1 can be awarded
M2 0.6 0.6 2.4 Accept 1 : 1: 4 1
M3 NaBrO4 Accept elements in any order 1
Penalise M3 for incorrect symbol, eg
SBrO4 or NaBO4
Dividing by 160 instead of 80 gives
Na2BrO8
Dividing by 32 instead of 16 gives
NaBrO2
Award 2 in these cases
Both these errors give Na2BrO4
Award 1 in this case
Correct final answer scores 3 marks

T
Total
ota 16

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 Question
Answer Accept Reject Marks
number
2 (a) (i) B lower case letters 1

(ii) D 1

(iii) A 1

(iv) C 1
(b) M1 - (a substance) containing (two or more) mixture for M1 only 1
elements
IGNORE atoms for M1 only molecules/particles 1
bonded, etc for M1
M2 – bonded (together) /chemically combined (in chemically joined and M2
a fixed ratio)
(c) (i) M1 - Na loses electron(s) 1

M2 – Cl gains electron(s) 1

M3 – Na becomes 2.8 AND chlorine becomes 2.8.8 1

If incorrect number of electrons transferred, max 2

IGNORE references to full shells

max 1 for mention of covalent bonding

All 3 marks can be scored from correct dot and

cross diagrams showing electron transfer

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 (ii) M1 – Na = 23 AND Cl = 35.5 1

M2 – 58.5 1

M2 dep on M1

IGNORE units

Correct answer with no working scores 2

(Total marks for Question 2 = 11 marks)

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
3 (a) (i) A (Ag) 1

(ii) D (Zr) 1

(b) (i) 3 1

(ii) (The atom has) three electrons in its outer / ‘energy level’ for ‘shell’ 1
valence shell ignore references to inner shells
ignore ‘it has a valency of 3’

(iii) 3 1

(iv) (The atom has) electrons in three shells / three ‘energy levels’ for ‘shells’ 1
shells are occupied (with electrons) accept ‘it has three shells’

(v) aluminium / Al 1

(c) accept any symbol for electrons, eg dots, 1

the letter ‘e’

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
4 (a) C (halogens) 1

(b) (i) M1 atoms of the same element accept ‘atoms with the same atomic 1
number’ / ‘atoms with the same number
of protons’
1
M2 with different masses
accept ‘different mass numbers’ /
‘different numbers of neutrons’

ignore references to electrons unless

incorrect

(ii)
Isotope Number Number Number 3
of of of
protons neutrons electrons
Br 35 44 35

Br 35 46 35

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 M1 first column correct
M2 second column correct
M3 third column correct
(c) ethane – no change (in colour) accept ‘(stays) orange’ 1
ignore ‘no reaction’ /’nothing happens’
1
ethene – (orange to) colourless / decolourises ignore ‘discolours’
ignore starting colour of bromine

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 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
5 a C (lithium reacts with water to form an alkali) 1

b A (have the same number of outer shell electrons) 1

c (similar) Accept gas given off 1

bubbles / fizzing / effervescence /evolved/formed/produced
OR Accept hydrogen gas
moves / darts / floats Ignore identity of gas
OR
gets smaller / disappears Accept dissolves
potassium shows a flame / sparks / explodes Accept reverse arguments for lithium 1
OR
potassium melts / forms ball

d K 2O Accept K2O2 and KO2 1

Reject KO
KCl 1
If formula shown as product of an
equation, ignore reactants and
balancing
Ignore coefficients

e s l aq g 1

f 85 AND 87 calculated (even if not identified) Accept 37+48 and 37+50 1

(85 × 0.72) + (87 × 0.28) = 85.6 Correct final answer = 2 marks 1
85.5 or 85.56 = 1 mark
No ECF from incorrect mass numbers
Ignore units

Total 9 marks

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