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Lens

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9 views3 pages

Lens

Uploaded by

simran.199921
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The eye is the sensory organ of sight which is protected by the eyelashes and lid for the outside

and sits in the eye socket.


It is a complex organ with many parts all focused on providing sight to the body as efficiently as
possible by adjusting for the sight of nearby and far objects. - This process is called
accommodation. During accommodation the lens’ thickness is altered by ciliary muscles to
enable the brain to accurately view an object. To view a near object the lens would thicken and
alternatively to view a distant object the lens would thin.
along with accommodation the eye utilizes
rods which see in black and white
and cones which see in various colours
However there are defects that arise in certain people that prevent them from seeing or
utilizing the eye and all its parts to their full capacity.
Some of these are:
Astigmatism
Astigmatism is a treatable imperfection that occurs when either the cornea or lens inside the
eye has mismatched curves. Instead of having one curve like a playing ball the surface is egg-
shaped and this causes blurring of near and far distances. However is only treatable by surgery.
Farsightedness or hyperopia
Farsightedness is a refractive error in the eye which causes nearby objects to look blurry. In
other words you can only see things that are far away. It is caused by a peculiar shape of the
eye like the eyeball growing too short from front to back or the shape of the cornea which
would cause light to be focused behind the retina instead of on it. To treat farsightedness a
convex lens can be prescribed in the form of glasses or contact lenses or surgery for adults.
Nearsightedness or myopia
Nearsightedness is a refractive error which makes objects a certain distance away look blurry
and occurs when the shape of the eye like the eyeball itself grows too long from the front to
back or issues in the shape of the cornea, causes light to focus in front the retina instead of on
it. It can be corrected by surgery for adults which would involve changing the shape of the
cornea or a concave lens in the form of glasses or contact lenses can be prescribed
Real image
Before we look at lenses themselves we need to look at real and virtual images to further
understand the lens and how it works. A real image is a collection of focus points made by
converging/diverging light rays and occur at the point of convergence.
A Virtual image
On the other hand is a collection of focus points made by extensions of diverging or converging
rays though they only appear to divulge.
Now to look at lens’
What is a lens?
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of
refraction. In everyone’s eyes there are lens used to see accurately everything around us
through accommodation however some individuals require extra lens to aid in sight.
Types of lenses
Though there are 2 main types of lenses we will be focusing on concave and convex there are
others that can be used to aid the eye like:
Achromatic lens
Lens that corrects color distortion, producing images with out color fringing
IOL Intraocular lens
Lens placed in the eye during cataract surgery to improve vision
One of the most important lenses is the concave lens
What is a Concave Lens?
A concave lens is a lens that diverges a straight light beam from the source to a diminished,
upright, virtual image used to correct myopia.
It can form both real and virtual images.
have at least one surface curved inside. A concave lens is also known as a diverging lens
because it is shaped round inwards at the centre and bulges outwards through the edges,
making the light diverge. They are used to treat myopia as they make faraway objects look
smaller than they are.
They aid the eye by diverging light rays slightly further back to focus on the retina instead of
before it.
Secondly there are convex lens
What does a convex lens do?
When parallel light rays travel through a convex lens, they emerge from the other side and
intersect. The light going through a convex lens is linear and the light coming out of the convex
lens intersects at the focal point; this is also the reason they are called converging lens as they
light rays converge at one point.
There are two specific types of images that can be produced by convex lenses. These images
are real images and virtual images.
A convex lens, opens outward along the edges and is thicker in the center hence helping focus
light rays on the retina instead of behind it by shortening the distance

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