Disneyland

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This article is about the original park in Anaheim, California. For the surrounding complex,
see Disneyland Resort. For other uses, see Disneyland (disambiguation).

Disneyland Park

The park's icon, Sleeping Beauty Castle, in 2019.

Slogan The happiest place on earth

Location Disneyland Resort, 1313 Disneyland Dr, Anaheim,

California, United States

33.81°N 117.92°WCoordinates: 33.81°N

Coordinates
117.92°W

Theme Fairy tales and Disney characters

Owner Disney Parks, Experiences and Products

(The Walt Disney Company)

Operated by Disneyland Resort

Opened July 17, 1955; 64 years ago[1]

 Previous names Disneyland (1955–1998)

Operating Year-round

season

Website Official website

Status Operating

Disneyland Resort

Theme parks

 Disneyland
 Disney California Adventure

Hotels
 Disneyland Hotel
 Disney's Grand Californian Hotel & Spa
 Disney's Paradise Pier Hotel

Other attractions
 Downtown Disney
 Napa Rose
 Trader Sam's Enchanted Tiki Bar
 World of Disney
 Disneyland Monorail System

 v
 t
 e

Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland
Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 17, 1955. It is the only theme park designed and built
to completion under the direct supervision of Walt Disney. It was originally the only attraction on the
property; its official name was changed to Disneyland Park to distinguish it from the expanding
complex in the 1990s. It is the oldest Disney Park in the world.
Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his
daughters in the 1930s and 1940s. He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent to
his studios in Burbank to entertain fans who wished to visit; however, he soon realized that the
proposed site was too small. After hiring a consultant to help him determine an appropriate site for
his project, Disney bought a 160-acre (65 ha) site near Anaheim in 1953. Construction began in
1954 and the park was unveiled during a special televised press event on the ABC Television
Network on July 17, 1955.
Since its opening, Disneyland has undergone expansions and major renovations, including the
addition of New Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (now Critter Country) in 1972, Mickey's
Toontown in 1993, and Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge in 2019.[2] Opened in 2001, Disney California
Adventure Park was built on the site of Disneyland's original parking lot.
Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance than any other theme park in the world, with 726
million visits since it opened (as of December 2018). In 2018, the park had approximately 18.6
million visits, making it the second most visited amusement park in the world that year, behind
only Magic Kingdom, the very park it inspired.[3] According to a March 2005 Disney report, 65,700
jobs are supported by the Disneyland Resort, including about 20,000 direct Disney employees and
3,800 third-party employees (independent contractors or their employees).[4] Disney announced
"Project Stardust" in 2019, which included major structural renovations to the park to account for
higher attendance numbers.[5]

Contents

 1History
o 1.120th century
o 1.221st century
 2Lads
o 2.1Main Street, U.S.A.
o 2.2Adventureland
o 2.3New Orleans Square
o 2.4Frontierland
o 2.5Critter Country
o 2.6Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge
o 2.7Fantasyland
o 2.8Mickey's Toontown
o 2.9Tomorrowland
 3Operations
o 3.1Backstage
o 3.2Transportation
o 3.3Live entertainment
o 3.4Attendance
o 3.5Tickets
o 3.6Closures
o 3.7Promotions
 4See also
 5References
 6Further reading
 7External links

History
Original dedication
To all who come to this happy place: Welcome. Disneyland is your land. Here age relives fond memories of the past,
and here youth may savor the challenge and promise of the future. Disneyland is dedicated to the ideals, the dreams,
and the hard facts that have created America, with the hope that it will be a source of joy and inspiration to all the
world.
Walter E. Disney, July 17, 1955[6][7][8][9]
20th century
Origins

Walt Disney (center) showing Orange County officials plans for Disneyland's layout, December 1954

The concept for Disneyland began when Walt Disney was visiting Griffith Park in Los Angeles with
his daughters Diane and Sharon. While watching them ride the merry-go-round, he came up with the
idea of a place where adults and their children could go and have fun together, though his dream lay
dormant for many years.[10] He may have also been influenced by his father's memories of
the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago (his father worked at the Exposition).
The Midway Plaisance there included a set of attractions representing various countries from around
the world and others representing various periods of man; it also included many rides including the
first Ferris wheel, a "sky" ride, a passenger train that circled the perimeter, and a Wild West Show.
Another likely influence was Benton Harbor, Michigan's nationally famous House of David's Eden
Springs Park. Disney visited the park and ultimately bought one of the older miniature trains
originally used there; the colony had the largest miniature railway setup in the world at the time.
[11]
The earliest documented draft of Disney's plans was sent as a memo to studio production
designer Dick Kelsey on August 31, 1948, where it was referred to as a "Mickey Mouse Park", based
on notes Disney made during his and Ward Kimball's trip to Chicago Railroad Fair the same month,
with a two-day stop in Henry Ford's Museum and Greenfield Village, a place with attractions like a
Main Street and steamboat rides, which he had visited eight years earlier.[12][13][14][15]
While people wrote letters to Disney about visiting the Walt Disney Studios, he realized that a
functional movie studio had little to offer to visiting fans, and began to foster ideas of building a site
near the Burbank studios for tourists to visit. His ideas evolved to a small play park with a boat ride
and other themed areas. The initial concept, the Mickey Mouse Park, started with an 3.2-hectare (8-
acre) plot across Riverside Drive. He started to visit other parks for inspiration and ideas,
including Tivoli Gardens in Denmark, Efteling in the Netherlands, and Greenfield Village, Playland,
and Children's Fairyland in the United States; and (according to the film director Ken Annakin, in his
autobiography 'So You want to be a film director?'), Bekonscot Model Village & Railway,
Beaconsfield, England. His designers began working on concepts, though the project grew much
larger than the land could hold.[16] Disney hired Harrison Price from Stanford Research Institute to
gauge the proper area to locate the theme park based on the area's potential growth. Based on
Price's analysis (for which he would be recognized as a Disney Legend in 2003), Disney acquired
65 ha (160 acres) of orange groves and walnut trees in Anaheim, southeast of Los Angeles in
neighboring Orange County.[16][17] The Burbank site originally considered by Disney is now home
to Walt Disney Animation Studios and ABC Studios.
Difficulties in obtaining funding prompted Disney to investigate new methods of fundraising, and he
decided to create a show named Disneyland. It was broadcast on then-fledgling ABC. In return, the
network agreed to help finance the park. For its first five years of operation, Disneyland was owned
by Disneyland, Inc., which was jointly owned by Walt Disney Productions, Walt Disney, Western
Publishing and ABC.[18] In addition, Disney rented out many of the shops on Main Street, U.S.A. to
outside companies. By 1960, Walt Disney Productions bought out all other shares, a partnership
which would eventually lead to the Walt Disney Corporation's acquisition of ABC in the mid-1990s.
Construction began on July 16, 1954 and cost $17 million to complete. The park was opened one
year and one day later.[19] U.S. Route 101 (later Interstate 5) was under construction at the same time
just north of the site; in preparation for the traffic Disneyland was expected to bring, two more lanes
were added to the freeway before the park was finished.[17]
Opening day
Disneyland was dedicated at an "International Press Preview" event held on Sunday, July 17, 1955,
which was open only to invited guests and the media. Although 28,000 people attended the event,
only about half of those were invitees, the rest having purchased counterfeit tickets, [20] or even
sneaked into the park by climbing over the fence.[21] The following day, it opened to the public,
featuring twenty attractions. The Special Sunday events, including the dedication, were televised
nationwide and anchored by three of Walt Disney's friends from Hollywood: Art Linkletter, Bob
Cummings, and Ronald Reagan. ABC broadcast the event live, during which many guests tripped
over the television camera cables.[22] In Frontierland, a camera caught Cummings kissing a dancer.
When Disney started to read the plaque for Tomorrowland, he read partway then stopped when a
technician off-camera said something to him, and after realizing he was on-air, said, "I thought I got
a signal",[22] and began the dedication from the start. At one point, while in Fantasyland, Linkletter
tried to give coverage to Cummings, who was on the pirate ship. He was not ready, and tried to give
the coverage back to Linkletter, who had lost his microphone. Cummings then did a play-by-play of
him trying to find it in front of Mr. Toad's Wild Ride.[22]
Traffic was delayed on the two-lane Harbor Boulevard.[22] Famous figures who were scheduled to
show up every two hours showed up all at once. The temperature was an unusually high 38 °C
(101 °F), and because of a local plumbers' strike, Disney was given a choice of having working
drinking fountains or running toilets. He chose the latter, leaving many drinking fountains dry. This
generated negative publicity since Pepsi sponsored the park's opening; disappointed guests
believed the inoperable fountains were a cynical way to sell soda, while other vendors ran out of
food. The asphalt that had been poured that morning was soft enough to let women's high-heeled
shoes sink into it. Some parents threw their children over the crowd's shoulders to get them onto
rides, such as the King Arthur Carrousel.[23] In later years, Disney and his 1955 executives referred to
July 17, 1955, as "Black Sunday". After the extremely negative press from the preview opening, Walt
Disney invited attendees back for a private "second day" to experience Disneyland properly.
At the time, and during the lifetimes of Walt and Roy Disney, July 17 was considered merely a
preview, with July 18 the official opening day.[21] Since then, aided by memories of the television
broadcast, the company has adopted July 17 as the official date, the one commemorated every year
as Disneyland's birthday.[21]
1950s and 1960s

Disneyland aerial view, 1963, which includes the new Melody Land Theater at the top of the photo

In September 1959, Soviet First Secretary Nikita Khrushchev spent thirteen days in the United
States, with two requests: to visit Disneyland and to meet John Wayne, Hollywood's top box-office
draw. Due to the Cold War tension and security concerns, he was famously denied an excursion to
Disneyland.[24] The Shah of Iran and Empress Farah were invited to Disneyland by Walt Disney in the
early 1960s.[25] There was moderate controversy over the lack of African American employees. As
late as 1963, civil rights activists were pressuring Disneyland to hire black people,[26] with executives
responding that they would "consider" the requests.[citation needed] The park did however hire people of
Asian descent, such as Ty Wong and Bob Kuwahara.[27]
As part of the Casa de Fritos operation at Disneyland, "Doritos" (Spanish for "little golden things")
were created at the park to recycle old tortillas that would have been discarded. The Frito-Lay
Company saw the popularity of the item and began selling them regionally in 1964, and then
nationwide in 1966.[28]
1990s
In the late 1990s, work began to expand the one-park, one-hotel property. Disneyland Park, the
Disneyland Hotel, the site of the original parking lot, and acquired surrounding properties were
earmarked to become part of the Disneyland Resort. At that time, the property saw the addition of
the Disney California Adventure theme park, a shopping, dining and entertainment complex
named Downtown Disney, a remodeled Disneyland Hotel, the construction of Disney's Grand
Californian Hotel & Spa, and the acquisition and re-branding of the Pan Pacific Hotel as Disney's
Paradise Pier Hotel. The park was renamed "Disneyland Park" to distinguish it from the larger
complex under construction. Because the existing parking lot (south of Disneyland) was repurposed
by these projects, the six-level, 10,250-space Mickey and Friends parking structure was constructed
in the northwest corner. Upon completion in 2000, it was the largest parking structure in the United
States.[29]
The park's management team during the mid-1990s was a source of controversy among fans and
employees. In an effort to boost profits, various changes were begun by then-executives Cynthia
Harriss and Paul Pressler. While their initiatives provided a short-term increase in shareholder
returns, they drew widespread criticism for their lack of foresight. The retail backgrounds of Harriss
and Pressler led to a gradual shift in Disneyland's focus from attractions to merchandising. Outside
consultants McKinsey & Company were brought in to help streamline operations, resulting in many
changes and cutbacks. After nearly a decade of deferred maintenance, the original park was
showing signs of neglect. Fans of the park decried the perceived decline in customer value and park
quality and rallied for the dismissal of the management team.[30]
21st century

An aerial view of Disneyland in 2004

Matt Ouimet, the former president of the Disney Cruise Line, was promoted to assume leadership of
the Disneyland Resort in late 2003. Shortly afterward, he selected Greg Emmer as Senior Vice
President of Operations. Emmer was a long-time Disney cast member who had worked at
Disneyland in his youth prior to moving to Florida and held multiple executive leadership positions at
the Walt Disney World Resort. Ouimet quickly set about reversing certain trends, especially
concerning cosmetic maintenance and a return to the original infrastructure maintenance schedule,
in hopes of restoring Disneyland's former safety record. Similarly to Disney himself, Ouimet and
Emmer could often be seen walking the park during business hours with members of their respective
staff, wearing cast member name badges, standing in line for attractions, and welcoming guests'
comments. In July 2006, Ouimet left The Walt Disney Company to become president of Starwood
Hotels & Resorts Worldwide. Soon after, Ed Grier, executive managing director of Walt Disney
Attractions Japan, was named president of the resort. In October 2009, Grier announced his
retirement, and was replaced by George Kalogridis.
The "Happiest Homecoming on Earth" was an eighteen-month-long celebration (held through 2005
and 2006) of the fiftieth anniversary of the Disneyland Park, also celebrating Disneyland's milestone
throughout Disney parks worldwide. In 2004, the park underwent major renovations in preparation,
restoring many attractions, notably Space Mountain, Jungle Cruise, the Haunted Mansion, Pirates of
the Caribbean, and Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room. Attractions that had been in the park on
opening day had one ride vehicle painted gold, and the park was decorated with fifty Golden Mickey
Ears. The celebration started on May 5, 2005, and ended on September 30, 2006, and was followed
by the "Year of a Million Dreams" celebration, lasting twenty-seven months and ending on December
31, 2008.
Beginning on January 1, 2010, Disney Parks hosted the Give a Day, Get a Disney Day volunteer
program, in which Disney encouraged people to volunteer with a participating charity and receive a
free Disney Day at either a Disneyland Resort or Walt Disney World park. On March 9, 2010, Disney
announced that it had reached its goal of one million volunteers and ended the promotion to anyone
who had not yet registered and signed up for a specific volunteer situation.
In July 2015, Disneyland celebrated its 60th Diamond Celebration anniversary.[31] Disneyland Park
introduced the Paint the Night parade and Disneyland Forever fireworks show, and Sleeping Beauty
Castle is decorated in diamonds with a large "60" logo. The Diamond Celebration concluded in
September 2016 and the whole decoration of the anniversary was removed around Halloween 2016.

Lands
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Main articles: List of Disneyland attractions and List of former Disneyland attractions
Disneyland Park consists of nine themed "lands" and a number of concealed backstage areas, and
occupies over 40 ha (100 acres) with the new addition of Mickey and Minnie's Runaway Railway
that's coming to Mickeys Toontown in 2022.[16] The park opened with Main Street,
U.S.A., Adventureland, Frontierland, Fantasyland, and Tomorrowland, and has since added New
Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (now known as Critter Country) in 1972, and Mickey's
Toontown in 1993, and Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge in 2019.[32] In 1957, Holidayland opened to the
public with a 3.6-hectare (9-acre) recreation area including a circus and baseball diamond, but was
closed in late 1961. It is often referred to as the "lost" land of Disneyland. Throughout the park are
"Hidden Mickeys", representations of Mickey Mouse heads inserted subtly into the design of
attractions and environmental decor. An elevated berm supports the 3 ft (914 mm) narrow
gauge Disneyland Railroad that circumnavigates the park.

 Lands of Disneyland
 

Main Street, U.S.A.

(2010)

Adventureland
(Themed for a 1950s view of adventure, capitalizing on the post-
war Tiki craze)

Frontierland
(Big Thunder Mountain Railroad in 2008)

New Orleans Square

(The Haunted Mansion and Fantasmic! viewing area in 2010)
 

Critter Country
(Splash Mountain in 2010)

Fantasyland
(Peter Pan's Flight and the Matterhorn Bobsleds)

Mickey's Toontown
(2010)

Tomorrowland
(Space Mountain in 2010)
 

Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge

(2019)
Main Street, U.S.A.
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Main article: Main Street, U.S.A.
Main Street, U.S.A. is patterned after a typical Midwest town of the early 20th century. Main Street,
U.S.A. has a train station, town square, movie theater, city hall, firehouse with a steam-powered
pump engine, emporium, shops, arcades, double-decker bus, horse-drawn streetcar, and jitneys.
Main Street is also home to the Disney Art Gallery and the Opera House which showcases Great
Moments with Mr. Lincoln, a show featuring an Audio-Animatronic version of the president. At the far
end of Main Street, U.S.A. is Sleeping Beauty Castle, the Partners statue, and the Central Plaza
(also known as the Hub), which is a portal to most of the themed lands: the entrance
to Fantasyland is by way of a drawbridge across a moat and through the
castle. Adventureland, Frontierland, and Tomorrowland are on both sides of the castle. Several
lands are not directly connected to the Central Plaza—namely, New Orleans Square, Critter
Country and Mickey's Toontown.
The design of Main Street, U.S.A. uses the technique of forced perspective to create an illusion of
height. Buildings along Main Street are built at 3⁄4 scale on the first level, then 5⁄8 on the second story,
and 1⁄2 scale on the third—reducing the scale by 1⁄8 each level up.
Adventureland
Main article: Adventureland (Disney)
Adventureland is designed to recreate the feel of an exotic tropical place in a far-off region of the
world. "To create a land that would make this dream reality", said Walt Disney, "we pictured
ourselves far from civilization, in the remote jungles of Asia and Africa." Attractions include opening
day's Jungle Cruise, the Indiana Jones Adventure, and Tarzan's Treehouse, which is a conversion
of Swiss Family Treehouse from the Walt Disney film Swiss Family Robinson. Walt Disney's
Enchanted Tiki Room which is located at the entrance to Adventureland was the first feature
attraction to employ Audio-Animatronics, a computer synchronization of sound and robotics.
New Orleans Square
Main article: New Orleans Square
New Orleans Square is based on 19th-century New Orleans, opened on July 24, 1966. It is home
to Pirates of the Caribbean and the Haunted Mansion, with nighttime entertainment in Fantasmic!.
This area is the home of Club 33.
Frontierland
Main article: Frontierland
Frontierland recreates the setting of pioneer days along the American frontier. According to Walt
Disney, "All of us have cause to be proud of our country's history, shaped by the pioneering spirit of
our forefathers. Our adventures are designed to give you the feeling of having lived, even for a short
while, during our country's pioneer days." Frontierland is home to the Pinewood Indians band of
animatronic Native Americans, who live on the banks of the Rivers of America. Entertainment and
attractions include Big Thunder Mountain Railroad, the Mark Twain Riverboat, the Sailing Ship
Columbia, Pirate's Lair on Tom Sawyer Island, and Frontierland Shootin' Exposition. Frontierland is
also home to the Golden Horseshoe Saloon, an Old West-style show palace.
Critter Country
Main article: Critter Country
Critter Country opened in 1972 as "Bear Country", and was renamed in 1988. Formerly the area was
home to Indian Village, where indigenous tribespeople demonstrated their dances and other
customs. Today, the main draw of the area is Splash Mountain, a log-flume journey inspired by
the Uncle Remus stories of Joel Chandler Harris and the animated segments of Disney's Academy
Award-winning 1946 film Song of the South. In 2003, a dark ride called The Many Adventures of
Winnie the Pooh replaced the Country Bear Jamboree, which closed in 2001. Country Bear
Jamboree is still open in Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom.
Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge
Main article: Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge
Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge is set within the Star Wars universe, in the Black Spire Outpost village on
the remote frontier planet of Batuu. Attractions include the Millennium Falcon: Smugglers
Run and Star Wars: Rise of the Resistance.[33] The land opened in 2019, replacing Big Thunder
Ranch and former backstage areas.[34][35]
Fantasyland
Main article: Fantasyland
Fantasyland is the area of Disneyland of which Walt Disney said, "What youngster has not dreamed
of flying with Peter Pan over moonlit London, or tumbling into Alice's nonsensical Wonderland? In
Fantasyland, these classic stories of everyone's youth have become realities for youngsters – of all
ages – to participate in." Fantasyland was originally styled in a medieval European fairground
fashion, but its 1983 refurbishment turned it into a Bavarian village. Attractions include several dark
rides, the King Arthur Carrousel, and various family attractions. Fantasyland has the most fiber
optics in the park; more than half of them are in Peter Pan's Flight.[36] Sleeping Beauty's Castle
features a walk-through story telling of Briar Rose's adventure as Sleeping Beauty. The attraction
opened in 1959, was redesigned in 1972, closed in 1992 for reasons of security and the new
installation of pneumatic ram firework shell mortars for "Believe, There's Magic in the Stars", and
reopened 2008 with new renditions and methods of storytelling and the restored work of Eyvind
Earle.
Mickey's Toontown
Main article: Mickey's Toontown
Mickey's Toontown opened in 1993 and was partly inspired by the fictional Los Angeles suburb of
Toontown in the Touchstone Pictures 1988 release Who Framed Roger Rabbit. Mickey's Toontown
is based on a 1930s cartoon aesthetic and is home to Disney's most popular cartoon characters.
Toontown features two main attractions: Gadget's Go Coaster and Roger Rabbit's Car Toon Spin.
The "city" is also home to cartoon character's houses such as the house of Mickey Mouse, Minnie
Mouse and Goofy, as well as Donald Duck's boat. The 3 ft (914 mm) gauge Jolly Trolley can also be
found in this area, though it closed as an attraction in 2003 and is now present only for display
purposes. In 2022 Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway will open at Mickey's Toontown. The new
family friendly dark ride will increase the size of Toontown as well as the size of Disneyland from 99
acres to 101.
Tomorrowland
Main article: Tomorrowland
During the 1955 inauguration Walt Disney dedicated Tomorrowland with these words: "Tomorrow
can be a wonderful age. Our scientists today are opening the doors of the Space Age to
achievements that will benefit our children and generations to come. The Tomorrowland attractions
have been designed to give you an opportunity to participate in adventures that are a living blueprint
of our future."
Disneyland producer Ward Kimball had rocket scientists Wernher von Braun, Willy Ley, and Heinz
Haber serve as technical consultants during the original design of Tomorrowland. [37] Initial attractions
included Rocket to the Moon, Astro-Jets and Autopia; later, the first incarnation of the Submarine
Voyage was added. The area underwent a major transformation in 1967 to become New
Tomorrowland, and then again in 1998 when its focus was changed to present a "retro-future" theme
reminiscent of the illustrations of Jules Verne.
Current attractions include Space Mountain, Star Wars Launch Bay, Autopia, Jedi Training: Trials of
the Temple, the Disneyland Monorail Tomorrowland Station, Astro Orbitor, and Buzz Lightyear Astro
Blasters. Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage opened on June 11, 2007, resurrecting the original
Submarine Voyage which closed in 1998. Star Tours was closed in July 2010 and replaced with Star
Tours–The Adventures Continue in June 2011.

Operations
Backstage
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Major buildings backstage include the Frank Gehry-designed Team Disney Anaheim,[38] where most
of the division's administration currently works, as well as the Old Administration Building, behind
Tomorrowland.
Photography is forbidden in these areas, both inside and outside, although some photos have found
their way to a variety of web sites. Guests who attempt to explore backstage are warned and often
escorted from the property.[39]
Transportation

Disneyland Railroad Engine 2

Walt Disney had a longtime interest in transportation, and trains in particular. Disney's passion for
the "iron horse" led to him building a miniature live steam backyard railroad—the "Carolwood Pacific
Railroad"—on the grounds of his Holmby Hills estate. Throughout all the iterations of Disneyland
during the seventeen or so years when Disney was conceiving it, one element remained constant: a
train encircling the park.[10] The primary designer for the park transportation vehicles was Bob
Gurr who gave himself the title of Director of Special Vehicle Design in 1954.[40]
Encircling Disneyland and providing a grand circle tour is the Disneyland Railroad (DRR),
a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge short-line railway consisting of five oil-fired and steam-powered
locomotives, in addition to three passenger trains and one passenger-carrying freight train. Originally
known as the Disneyland and Santa Fe Railroad, the DRR was presented by the Atchison, Topeka
and Santa Fe Railway until 1974. From 1955 to 1974, the Santa Fe Rail Pass was accepted in lieu
of a Disneyland "D" coupon. With a 3 ft (914 mm) gauge, the most common narrow track
gauge used in North America, the track runs in a continuous loop around Disneyland through each
of its realms. Each 1900s-era train departs Main Street Station on an excursion that includes
scheduled station stops at: New Orleans Square Station; Toontown Depot; and Tomorrowland
Station. The Grand Circle Tour then concludes with a visit to the "Grand Canyon/Primeval World"
dioramas before returning passengers to Main Street, U.S.A.[41]

Monorail Red travels over the Finding Nemo Submarine Voyage in Tomorrowland

One of Disneyland's signature attractions is its Disneyland Monorail System monorail service, which
opened in Tomorrowland in 1959 as the first daily-operating monorail train system in the Western
Hemisphere. The monorail guideway has remained almost exactly the same since 1961, aside from
small alterations while Indiana Jones Adventure was being built. Five generations of monorail trains
have been used in the park, since their lightweight construction means they wear out quickly. The
most recent operating generation, the Mark VII, was installed in 2008. The monorail shuttles visitors
between two stations, one inside the park in Tomorrowland and one in Downtown Disney. It follows
a 2.5-mile (4.0 km) long route designed to show the park from above. Currently, the Mark VII is
running with the colors red, blue and orange. The monorail was originally a loop built with just one
station in Tomorrowland. Its track was extended and a second station opened at the Disneyland
Hotel in 1961. With the creation of Downtown Disney in 2001, the new destination is Downtown
Disney, instead of the Disneyland Hotel. The physical location of the monorail station did not
change, but the original station building was demolished as part of the hotel downsizing, and the
new station is now separated from the hotel by several Downtown Disney buildings, including ESPN
Zone and the Rainforest Café.[42]
Main Street at Disneyland as seen from a Horseless Carriage

All of the vehicles found on Main Street, U.S.A., grouped together as the Main Street
Vehicles attraction, were designed to accurately reflect turn-of-the-century vehicles, including
a 3 ft (914 mm) gauge[43] tramway featuring horse-drawn streetcars, a double-decker bus, a fire
engine, and an automobile.[44] They are available for one-way rides along Main Street, U.S.A. The
horse-drawn streetcars are also used by the park entertainment, including The Dapper Dans. The
horseless carriages are modeled after cars built in 1903, and are two-cylinder, four-horsepower
(3 kW) engines with manual transmission and steering. Walt Disney used to drive the fire engine
around the park before it opened, and it has been used to host celebrity guests and in the parades.
Most of the original main street vehicles were designed by Bob Gurr.
From the late 1950s to 1968, Los Angeles Airways provided regularly scheduled helicopter
passenger service between Disneyland and Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and other cities
in the area. The helicopters initially operated from Anaheim/Disneyland Heliport, located behind
Tomorrowland. Service later moved, in 1960, to a new heliport north of the Disneyland Hotel.
[45]
Arriving guests were transported to the Disneyland Hotel via tram. The service ended after two
fatal crashes in 1968: The crash in Paramount, California, on May 22, 1968, killed 23 (the worst
helicopter accident in aviation history at that time). The second crash in Compton, California on
August 14, 1968, killed 21.[46]
Live entertainment

Alice and characters from her movie host "Disneyland Musical Chairs" at Coca-Cola Refreshment Corner,
accompanied by a ragtime pianist

In addition to the attractions, Disneyland provides live entertainment throughout the park. Most of the
mentioned entertainment is not offered daily, but only on selected days of the week, or selected
periods of the year.
Many Disney characters can be found throughout the park, greeting visitors, interacting with
children, and posing for photos. Some characters have specific areas where they are scheduled to
appear, but can be found wandering as well. Some of the rarest are characters like Rabbit (from
Winnie-the-Pooh), Max, Mushu, and Agent P.[47] Periodically through recent decades (and most
recently during the summers of 2005 and 2006), Mickey Mouse would climb the Matterhorn
attraction several times a day with the support of Minnie, Goofy, and other performers. Other
mountain climbers could also be seen on the Matterhorn from time to time. As of March 2007,
Mickey and his "toon" friends no longer climb the Matterhorn but the climbing program continues.
Every evening at dusk, there is a military-style flag retreat to lower the U.S. Flag by a ceremonial
detail of Disneyland's Security staff. The ceremony is usually held between 4:00 and 5:00 pm,
depending on the entertainment being offered on Main Street, U.S.A., to prevent conflicts with
crowds and music. Disney does report the time the Flag Retreat is scheduled on its Times Guide,
offered at the entrance turnstiles and other locations. The Disneyland Band, which has been part of
the park since its opening, plays the role of the Town Band on Main Street, U.S.A. It also breaks out
into smaller groups like the Main Street Strawhatters, the Hook and Ladder Co., and the Pearly Band
in Fantasyland. However, on March 31, 2015, the Disneyland Resort notified the band members of
an "end of run". The reason for doing so is that they would start a new higher energy band. The
veteran band members were invited to audition for the new Disneyland band, and were told that
even if they did not make the new band or audition, they would still play in small groups around the
park. This sparked some controversy with supporters of the traditional band. [48]

Fantasmic! finale on July 4, 2010

Parades
Disneyland has featured a number of different parades traveling down the park's central Main
Street – Fantasyland corridor. There have been daytime and nighttime parades that celebrated
Disney films or seasonal holidays with characters, music, and large floats. One of the most popular
parades was the Main Street Electrical Parade, which recently ended a limited-time return
engagement after an extended run at the Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Lake Buena Vista,
Florida. From May 5, 2005 through November 7, 2008, as part of Disneyland's 50th
anniversary, Walt Disney's Parade of Dreams was presented, celebrating several Disney films
including The Lion King, The Little Mermaid, Alice in Wonderland, and Pinocchio. In 2009, Walt
Disney's Parade of Dreams was replaced by Celebrate! A Street Party, which premiered on March
27, 2009. Disney did not call Celebrate! A Street Party a parade, but rather a "street event." During
the Christmas season, Disneyland presents "A Christmas Fantasy" Parade. Walt Disney's Parade of
Dreams was replaced by Mickey's Soundsational Parade, which debuted on May 27, 2011.
[49]
Disneyland debuted a new nighttime parade called "Paint the Night", on May 22, 2015, as part of
the park's 60th anniversary.[50]
Fireworks shows
Disneyland fireworks from Sleeping Beauty Castle

Elaborate fireworks shows synchronized with Disney songs and often have appearances from Tinker
Bell (and other characters) flying in the sky above Sleeping Beauty Castle. Since 2000,
presentations have become more elaborate, featuring new pyrotechnics, launch techniques, and
story lines. In 2004, Disneyland introduced a new air launch pyrotechnics system, reducing ground
level smoke and noise and decreasing negative environmental impacts. At the time the technology
debuted, Disney announced it would donate the patents to a non-profit organization for use
throughout the industry.[51] Projection mapping technology debuted on It's a Small World with the
creation of The Magic, the Memories and You in 2011, and expanded to Main Street and Sleeping
Beauty Castle in 2015 with the premiere of Disneyland Forever.

 Regular fireworks shows:

o 1958–1999 & 2015: Fantasy in the Sky
o 2000–2004: Believe... There's Magic in the Stars
o 2004–2005: Imagine... A Fantasy in the Sky
o 2005–2014; 2017–2019: Remember... Dreams Come True
o 2009–2014 (summer): Magical: Disney's New Nighttime
Spectacular of Magical Celebrations
o 2019 (summer): Disneyland Forever
 Seasonal fireworks shows:
o September–October Halloween Screams
o Independence Day Week: Disney's Celebrate America: A 4th of
July Concert in the Sky
o November–January: Believe... In Holiday Magic
 Limited edition fireworks shows
o 60th Anniversary: Disneyland Forever
o Pixar Fest: Together Forever
o Get Your Ears On – A Mickey and Minnie Celebration: Mickey's
Mix Magic
Since 2009, Disneyland has moved to a rotating repertoire of firework spectaculars.
Scheduling of fireworks shows depends on the time of year. During the slower off-season periods,
the fireworks are only offered on weekends. During the busier times, Disney offers additional nights.
The park offers fireworks nightly during its busy periods, which include Easter/Spring Break,
Summer and Christmas time. Disneyland spends about $41,000 per night on the fireworks show.
The show is normally offered at 8:45 or 9:30 pm if the park is scheduled to close at 10 pm or later,
but shows have started as early as 5:45 pm. A major consideration is weather/winds, especially at
higher elevations, which can, and often will, force the delay or cancellation of the show. In response
to this, alternate versions of the fireworks spectaculars have been created in recent years, solely
using the projections and lighting effects. With a few minor exceptions, such as July 4 and New
Year's Eve, shows must finish by 10:00 pm due to the conditions of the permit issued by the City of
Anaheim.
In recent years, Disneyland uses smaller and mid-sized fireworks shells and more low-level
pyrotechnics on the castle to allow guests to enjoy the fireworks spectaculars even if there is a
weather issue such as high wind. This precedent is known as B-show. The first fireworks show to
have this format was Believe... In Holiday Magic from the 2018 holiday season.
Attendance

Annual attendance at Disneyland Park

Annual attendance at Disneyland Park (in millions)

Year 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959

1950
s Attendance 1 4 4.5 4.6 5.1

Year 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

1960
s Attendance 5 5.3 5.5 5.7 6 6.5 6.7 7.8 9.2 9.1

1970 Year 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979
 s Attendance 10 9.3 9.4 9.8 9.5 9.8 9.8 10.9 11 11

Year 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

1980
s Attendance 11.5 11.3 10.4 9.9 9.8 12 12 13.5 13 14.4

Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

1990
s Attendance 12.9 11.6 11.6 11.4 10.3 14.1 15 14.2 13.7 13.5

Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

2000
s Attendance 13.9 12.3 12.7 12.7 13.3 14.26 14.73 14.87 14.72 15.9

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

2010 16.2
Attendance 15.98 16.14 15.96 16.77 18.28 17.94 18.30 18.66
s 0

References [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]

Tickets

Disneyland ticket book circa 1975–1977. The tickets were printed as "coupons".

From Disneyland's opening day until 1982, the price of the attractions was in addition to the price of
park admission.[64] Guests paid a small admission fee to get into the park, but admission to most of
the rides and attractions required guests to purchase tickets, either individually or in a book, that
consisted of several coupons, initially labeled "A" through "C". "A" coupons allowed admission to the
smaller rides and attractions such as the Main Street Vehicles, whereas "C" coupons were used for
the most common attractions like Peter Pan's Flight, or the Mad Tea Party. As more thrilling rides
were introduced, such as the Disneyland Monorail or the Matterhorn Bobsleds, "D" and then
eventually "E" coupons were introduced. Coupons could be combined to equal the equivalent of
another ticket (e.g., two "A" tickets equal one "B" ticket).
Disneyland later featured a "Keys to the Kingdom" booklet of tickets, which consisted of 10 unvalued
coupons sold for a single flat rate. These coupons could be used for any attraction regardless of its
regular value.
In 1982, Disney dropped the idea for individual ride tickets to a single admission price with unlimited
access to all attractions, "except shooting galleries".[65] While this idea was not original to Disney, it
had business advantages: in addition to guaranteeing that everyone paid the same entry amount
regardless of their length of stay or number of rides ridden, the park no longer had to print ride
tickets, provide staff for ticket booths, nor provide staff to collect tickets or monitor attractions for
people sneaking on without tickets. Later, Disney introduced other entry options such as multi-day
passes, Annual Passes (which allow unlimited entry to the Park for an annual fee), and Southern
California residents' discounts.
On February 28, 2016, Disneyland adopted a demand-based pricing system for single-day
admission, charging different prices for "value", "regular", and "peak" days, based on projected
attendance. Approximately 30% of days will be designated as "value", mainly weekdays when
school is in session, 44% will be designated as "regular", and 26% will be designated as "peak",
mostly during holidays and weekends in July.[66][67]

One-day, one-park, adult admission prices over time[68][69][70]

June October
Date 1981* May 1984 January 1985 May 1985 March 1986
1982 1983

Pric
e $10.75 $12.00 $13.00 $14.00 $15.00 $16.50 $17.95
US$

January Septembe Decembe December November

Date June 1992 May 1993
1987 r 1987 r 1988 1989 1990

Pric
e $20.00 $21.50 $23.50 $25.50 $27.50 $28.75 $30.00
US$

May January January January 5, January 5,

Date March 1997 January 1998
1994 1995 1996 1999 2000
 Pric
e $31.00 $33.00 $34.00 $36.00 $38.00 $39.00 $41.00
US$

Novembe March January March 28, January 10, January 4,

Date June 20, 2005
r 6, 2000 19, 2002 6, 2003 2004 2005 2006

Pric
e $43.00 $45.00 $47.00 $49.75 $53.00 $56.00 $59.00
US$

Septembe Septembe
August August 2, August 8,
Date r 20, r 21, June 12, 2011 May 20, 2012
3, 2008 2009 2010
2006 2007

Pric
e $63.00 $66.00 $69.00 $72.00 $76.00 $80.00 $87.00
US$

June 18, May 18, February February 28, February 12, February 11, January 6,
Date
2013 2014 22, 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Pric $95/$105/$11 $97/$110/$12 $97/$117/$13 $104/$129/$14

$92.00 $96.00 $99.00
e 9 4 5 9

^* Before 1982, passport tickets were available to groups only.[71]

See or edit raw graph data.

Closures
Disneyland has had five unscheduled closures:

 In 1963, following the assassination of John F. Kennedy.[72]

 In 1970, due to an anti-Vietnam riot instigated by the Youth
International Party.
 In 1987, on December 16 due to a winter storm.[73]
 In 1994, for inspection after the Northridge earthquake.
 In 2001, after the September 11 attacks.
Additionally, Disneyland has had numerous planned closures:

 In the early years, the park was often scheduled to be closed on

Mondays and Tuesdays during the off-season.[74] This was in
 conjunction with nearby Knott's Berry Farm, which closed on
Wednesdays and Thursdays to keep costs down for both parks,
while offering Orange County visitors a place to go 7 days a week.
 On May 4, 2005, for the 50th Anniversary Celebration media event.
[75]

 The park has closed early to accommodate various special events,

such as special press events, tour groups, VIP groups, and private
parties. It is common for a corporation to rent the entire park for the
evening. In such cases, special passes are issued which are valid
for admission to all rides and attractions. At the ticket booths and on
published schedules, regular guests are notified of the early
closures. In the late afternoon, cast members announce that the
park is closing, then clear the park of everyone without the special
passes.
Promotions
Every year in October, Disneyland has a Halloween promotion. During this promotion, or as
Disneyland calls it a "party", areas in the park are decorated in a Halloween theme. Space
Mountain and the Haunted Mansion are temporarily re-themed as part of the promotion. A
Halloween party is offered on selected nights in late September and October for a separate fee, with
a special fireworks show that is only shown at the party.
From early November until the beginning of January, the park is decorated for the holidays.
Seasonal entertainment includes the Believe... In Holiday Magic firework show and A Christmas
Fantasy Parade, while the Haunted Mansion and It's a Small World are temporarily redecorated in a
holiday theme. The Sleeping Beauty Castle is also known to become snow-capped and decorated
with colorful lights during the holidays as well.

See also

 Disney portal

 Trains portal

 Transport portal
 Greater Los Angeles portal


List of Disney theme park attractions

List of Disney attractions that were never built

Incidents at Disneyland Resort

Rail transport in Walt Disney Parks and Resorts

Dapper Day

C. V. Wood
Theme parks that were closely themed to Disneyland


Beijing Shijingshan Amusement Park – Mainland Chinese theme
park
 Nara Dreamland – Now-defunct Japanese theme park
Theme parks built by former Disneyland employee C. V. Wood
  Freedomland U.S.A.
 Heritage Square in Golden, Colorado
 Pleasure Island

References
Notes

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Further reading
 Bright, Randy (1987). Disneyland: Inside Story. Harry N
Abrams. ISBN 0-8109-0811-5.
 France, Van Arsdale (1991). Window on Main Street.
Stabur. ISBN 0-941613-17-8.
 Gordon, Bruce and David Mumford (1995). Disneyland: The Nickel
Tour. Camphor Tree Publishers. ISBN 0-9646059-0-2.
 Dunlop, Beth (1996). Building a Dream: The Art of Disney
Architecture. Harry N. Abrams Inc. ISBN 0-8109-3142-7.
 Marling, ed., Karal Ann (1997). Designing Disney's Theme Parks:
The Architecture of Reassurance. Flammarion. ISBN 2-08-013639-
9.
  Koenig, David (1994). Mouse Tales: A Behind-the-Ears Look at
Disneyland. Bonaventure Press. ISBN 0-9640605-5-8.
 Koenig, David (1999). More Mouse Tales: A Closer Peek
Backstage at Disneyland. Bonaventure Press. ISBN 0-9640605-7-
4.
 Strodder, Chris (2008). The Disneyland Encyclopedia. Santa
Monica Press. ISBN 978-1-59580-033-6.

External links
Disneylandat Wikipedia's sister projects

 Definitions from Wiktionary

 Media from Wikimedia Commons

 News from Wikinews

 Quotations from Wikiquote

 Travel guide from Wikivoyage

 Data from Wikidata

 Official website
 Disneyland at the Roller Coaster DataBase
 Opening Day at Disneyland: Photos from 1955

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Disneyland Railroad

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Dumbo the Flying Elephant

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Mad Tea Party

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Mr. Toad's Wild Ride

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Amusement parks in California

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Categories:
 Operating amusement attractions
 Disneyland
 1955 establishments in California
 Amusement parks in California
 Buildings and structures in Anaheim, California
 Disneyland Resort
 Landmarks in California
 Tourist attractions in Anaheim, California
 Walt Disney Parks and Resorts
 Amusement parks opened in 1955
 History of Anaheim, California
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 This page was last edited on 17 January 2020, at 08:06 (UTC).
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Ward Walrath Kimball, born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, was an animator for Walt Disney
Animation Studios. He was one of Walt Disney's team of animators, known collectively as
Disney's Nine Old Men. His films have been honored with two Academy Awards for Best
Animated Short Film.