CCNA QUESTION by KARAN

Ques.1-WhatJJJJJJJMMMMNBNNNKJJKBJ
is Routing?
KBJK of finding a path to transfer data from source
Routing is the process
to destination.JKJHMMMmMMAURYA

Or

Routing is process of exchange route information from one router to

another router.

Ques. - What is the difference between static and dynamic IP

addresses?

Answer:

Static IP address will not change over time and is reserved statically
whereas

dynamic IP address changes each time when you connect to the

Internet.

Ques.2- What is switching?

Ans. Switching is the process of forward a packet between devices on

the basic of MAC address.

Ques.3- What is DHCP?

Ans. DHCP is stand for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol and it

provide IP address automatically.

-DHCP assigns IP address dynamically from DHCP server to client with

help of DORA process

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is used to automatically

assign an IP host with its address to a client
Ques.4- What is the purpose of data link layer?

Ans. It is responsible for node to node delivery on the basic of MAC

address.

Ques.5- Different between CAT5 and CAT6?

Ans. It is a type of cable and CAT6 more faster than CAT6 because
insulator inbuilt in CAT6.

Ques.6-What is Subnetting?

Ans. Subnetting is the process dividing a large network into a smaller

network.

Ques. What is difference b/w supernetting and subnetting?

Subnetting is the procedure of dividing a network into

subnetworks.
Supernetting is the procedure of combining small networks

Ques.7- What Is OSI?

OSI is Open System Interconnection It is a Reference Model it is a

model that describes Networking System.

Ques.7- How many layers in OSI model?

Ans. There are 7 layers in OSI model.

1. Physical Layer – bits

2. Data Link Layer – frame

3. Network Layer – packet

4. Transport Layer – segment

5. Session - Data

6. Presentation – data

7. Application – data

Ques.8- What are routing protocols?

Ans. Routing protocols are RIP , EIGRP , OSPF

Ques.9- What are the different memories used in a cisco

router?

Ans. There are four types of memories in cisco router.

1. RAM
2. ROM 3. Flash
4. NVRAM

Ques.10-Different between user mode and privilege mode.

Ans. User mode is a restricted operating mode where programs run with
limited access to system
resources, while privilege mode allows direct access to all system
resources and capabilities.

Ques.11- What is 100BaseFX?

Ans. 100BaseFX refers to a type of Fast Ethernet technology that

utilizes fiber optic cables for data
transmission at a speed of 100 Mbps.

Ques.12- Different between half duplex and full duplex?

Ans. In half-duplex communication, data can be transmitted in both

directions, but not
simultaneously, while in full-duplex communication, data can be
transmitted simultaneously in both
directions.

Ques.13- Does a bridge divide a network into smaller

section.

Ans. Yes, a bridge can divide a network into smaller sections by

separating network segments and
forwarding traffic selectively between them based on the MAC
addresses of the connected devices.

Ques.14- What is latency?

Ans. Latency refers to the time delay or the amount of time it takes for
data to travel from its source
to its destination in a network or system.

Ques.15- What is AD (Administrative Distance)?

Ans. Administrative Distance (AD) is a value used in routing protocols to

determine the reliability or
trustworthiness of a particular route or routing source.
Or
It is a 16bit value that defines the routing domain of the routers these
numbers range from 1 to
65535

Ques.16- What is VLAN?

Ans. VLAN is stand for virtual local are network it is logical grouping of
device it is break the
broadcast domain.

Ques.17- Range of VLAN?

Ans. 0 – 4095

Ques.18- What is route poisoning?

Ans. Route poisoning is a method that prevents a certain network from

sending data packets to a
path destination that has already become invalid.

Ques.19- What is bandwidth?

Ans- Bandwidth is the data transfer capacity of a network in bits per

second (Bps)

Ques.20- What are Packets?

Ans. Packets in a network are discrete units of data that contain

information such as the source,
destination, and content, which are transmitted over the network.

Ques.21- What is static and default route?

Ans. A static route is a manually configured path for forwarding network

packets to a specific
destination, while a default route is a predefined route used when no
specific route exists for a
destination, directing packets to a default gateway.

Ques.23- What is the size of IP Address.

Ans. The size of IP Address is 32 bits.

Ques.22- Difference between logical and physical topology.

Ans. Logical topology refers to the conceptual arrangement of network

nodes and their connections,
while physical topology describes the physical layout and actual
connections of the network components.

Ques.24- What is the difference between hub, router and

switch?
Ans

. Hub - A hub is a basic networking device that broadcasts data to all

connected devices
Switch – Switch forward a packet between devices on the basic of MAC
address.

Router – Router is used to connect different network.

Ques.25- What is different between TCP and UDP?

Ans. TCP is stand for Transmission Control Protocol and it is connection

oriented.
UDP is stand for User Datagram Protocol and it is connection less.

Ques.26- What is range of private and public IP’s ?

Ans. The range of private IP addresses is:

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (10.0.0.0/8)
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (172.16.0.0/12)
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (192.168.0.0/16)
The range of public IP addresses is vast.

hat is the IEEE standard for wireless networking?

Answer: IEEE 802.11

What are Routers?

What is IP Address?

Answer: Internet Protocol (IP Address) is a 32-bits to 128-bits

identifier for a device on

TCP/IP protocol. The IP address of a device must be uniquely defined

for communication.
What is a Network subnet?

Answer: It is the subdivision of an IP address which is divided into

two parts such as Network prefix and Host identifier

What are the different class and ranges of IP addresses?

Answer: There are 5 different classes of IP address:

Class Range

A 1-126

B 127-191

C 192-223

D 224-239

E 240-254

What is the difference between private IP and public IP?

Public IP is used across the internet while private IP is used within the
local LAN.

What is Private IP and Public IP?

Private IP: It is used within the local LAN.

Public IP: It is used across the Internet.

What is MAC Address.

Answer: MAC address is Media Access Control address. It is stored in

ROM and is uniquely defined. It is identified as the Media Access
Control layer in the network architecture.

What is Networking?
Answer: Networking is used to connect or operate with a network. It
is the process of creating and using wired or wireless networks for
exchanging information, ideas, files, and other electronic
communication.

What does Protocol mean?

Answer: Protocol is defined as the rules that connect two or more

devices to transfer the information from one device to another.

What are the different types of passwords used in securing a Cisco

router?

There are five types of passwords that can be set on a Cisco router:

• Consol
• Aux
• VTY
• Enable Password
• Enable Secret

PV4 and IPV6 address types

Ans : – IPV4 —

• Broadcast
• Multicast
• Unicast

—IPV6 —

• Multicast
• Unicast
• Anycast ? Good feature in IPV6
Ans : – EIGRP support Equal and Unequal load balancing , RIP and
OSPF only support Equal load

balancing .

Router-ID selection in OSPF

Ans :- the highest IP address of the active physical interface of the

router is Router-ID .

:- Virtual Trunking Protocol use for propagate VLAN Database .

Database creates in Vlan.dat file and store in flash memory.

How many modes in VTP ?

Client Mode:- can not use extended vlan .

Server Mode:- can not use extended vlan , by default VTP is in server
mode

Transparent Mode:- can use extended vlan ranges from <1006-4096>

What is port? And range of port numbers

port is a virtual point where network connections start and end.

Ports are software-based and managed by a computer's operating
system

Port numbers range from 0 to 65536

What is Firewall ?

Ans : – Firewall is a network security device or network security

system which help to provide security to intranet (private Network)

What is Static Routing?

 Static Routing – With help of static routing method, manually you
can provide path one router to another router. which can be changed
by only administrator.

Static route is more reliable and stables route compare to other

routing method.

What is Dynamic Routing ?

Dynamic Routing- Dynamic routing is the set of rules for routing by

automatically advertise route one to another, it is called dynamic
routing.

What is Default Routing?

It provides route for unknown networks (ISP). When you don’t know

address of destination and you allow all network by default route.

What is Routing algorithm RIP,EIGRP and OSPF?

RIP stands for Routing information protocol and

it is used Bellman ford algorithm.

EIGRP stands for Enhance Interior Gateway Routing PROTOCOL and

it is used Diffusing Update (DUAL) algorithm.

OSPF stands for and it is used Link-state algorithm.

Does a bridge divide into multiple small network?

ANSWER-Yes, Bridge can be connecting two networks.

What is ARP?
ARP stands for address resolution protocol. It uses for resolved
(IP) address between server and client.
What is the use of AD value?
AD value used to give priority or preferences to find the route b/w
different-different protocol.

What is AS?
As is a group of network devices which managed by a single
administrator.

Difference b/w port no. and protocol no.?

Port no. port no. used to identify the service.

Protocol no. protocol no identify protocols to divide session

& tab.

what is the requirement of VLSM in networking?

In VLSM, each subnet chooses the block size based on its

requirement.

Virtual Trunking Protocol use for propagate VLAN Database .

Database creates in Vlan.dat file and store in flash memory