MATH 1281 - Unit 4 Discussion Assignment
MATH 1281 - Unit 4 Discussion Assignment
Example of paired data: A study on the effectiveness of a new medication for treating
high blood pressure. The data collected includes the blood pressure readings of 20
Example of unpaired data: A study comparing the average scores of two different groups
(Bryan, Pollard & van der Laan, 2002; Wieand & et al., 1989;).
Paired data: The blood pressure readings of the 20 patients before and after taking the
medication are paired because they are collected from the same individuals. This means
that each patient has two data points: one before taking the medication and one after
taking the medication. The pairing is natural because each patient serves as their own
control, and the before and after readings are directly comparable. This type of data is
also known as dependent or matched data (Bryan, Pollard & van der Laan, 2002; Wieand
Unpaired data: The scores of the two groups of students are unpaired because they are
collected from different individuals. There is no natural pairing between the scores of the
students in Group A and Group B. This type of data is also known as independent or
unmatched data (Bryan, Pollard & van der Laan, 2002; Wieand & et al., 1989).
What distinguishes them: Paired data has a natural pairing between the data points, while
unpaired data does not. In paired data, each data point has a corresponding pair, while in
unpaired data, each data point is independent and does not have a corresponding pair.
This distinction is important because it affects the type of analysis that can be performed
on the data (Bryan, Pollard & van der Laan, 2002; Wieand & et al., 1989).
3. Appropriateness of t-procedures:
Paired data: It is appropriate to use the one-sample t-procedure to analyze the paired data.
This is because the data is collected from the same individuals, and we want to determine
if there is a significant difference between the before and after readings. The one-sample
t-procedure is used to compare the mean of the paired differences to zero. This procedure
takes into account the pairing of the data and provides a more accurate estimate of the
population mean difference (Gravetter & Wallnau, 2014; Ibragimov & Müller, 2010).
Unpaired data: It is appropriate to use the two-sample t-procedure to analyze the unpaired
data. This is because the data is collected from different individuals, and we want to
determine if there is a significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups.
The two-sample t-procedure is used to compare the means of the two independent groups.
This procedure assumes that the data is independent and identically distributed, and
provides a more accurate estimate of the population mean difference (Gravetter &
Key Highlights
In summary, paired data requires the one-sample t-procedure, while unpaired data
requires the two-sample t-procedure. This is because paired data has a natural pairing
between the data points, while unpaired data does not. The one-sample t-procedure takes
into account the pairing of the data, while the two-sample t-procedure assumes
It's important to note that the choice of t-procedure also depends on the research question
and the experimental design. For example, if the research question is to determine if there
is a significant difference between the before and after readings, then the one-sample t-
difference between the mean scores of two independent groups, then the two-sample t-
procedure is appropriate.
performing the analysis. This includes checking for normality of the data, equality of
variances, and independence of the data points. If the assumptions are not met, alternative
Conclusion
In conclusion, paired and unpaired data are two types of data that require different statistical
procedures for analysis. Paired data requires the one-sample t-procedure, while unpaired data
requires the two-sample t-procedure. The choice of procedure depends on the research question,
experimental design, and the characteristics of the data. It's important to check the assumptions
of the procedure before performing the analysis to ensure accurate and reliable results.
References
Bryan, J., Pollard, K. S., & van der Laan, M. J. (2002). Paired and unpaired comparison and
Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2014). Introduction to the t statistic. Essentials of statistics for
Ibragimov, R., & Müller, U. K. (2010). t-Statistic based correlation and heterogeneity robust
Wieand, S., Gail, M. H., James, B. R., & James, K. L. (1989). A family of nonparametric
statistics for comparing diagnostic markers with paired or unpaired data. Biometrika, 76(3), 585-
592.