DATA DIGEST

BITS & BYTES

JUNE 2023 EDITION
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 WHAT’S

INSIDE?
Leadership Speaks 03

Great Learning Journey 04

Discover 06

That’s A Good Question! 08

What’s New? 12
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Industry Trends 14

Data Science at Work 16

AI at Work 17

Mentor Speaks 18

Crossword Puzzle 20

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

Customer-Centric Approach: As a customer-

LEADERSHIP centric organization, we continuously seek

SPEAKS
feedback from our learners to understand
how well we are living up to our core values.
This feedback helps us make necessary
adjustments and improvements to better align
with their expectations and needs.

Q2. What advice would you give someone

going into a leadership position for the first
time?

Stepping into a leadership position for the first

time is both exciting and challenging. To thrive
in this role, one needs to -

Listen, Learn and Communicate: Take the

time to understand your team's strengths,
challenges, and aspirations. Active listening
MOUNIKA S A builds trust and helps you make informed
decisions.
Associate General Manager, Customer
[email protected]
Success, Great Learning
B76NSU0LRV Empower Your Team: Trust your team
members and delegate tasks based on their
Q1. What are your core values? How do you
skills and abilities.
ensure that the organization and its activities
are aligned with them?
Be Approachable and Stay Humble

My decisions are guided by my core values,

Recognize and Appreciate: Acknowledge
allowing me to work in sync with GL’s mission
and celebrate your team's achievements.
and vision.
Recognize their efforts and show genuine
appreciation.
My core values include:
Q3. How do you respond to criticism?
Integrity: I believe in conducting myself with
honesty and ethical behavior, both in my
I believe that criticism is an essential aspect
personal and professional life. I ensure that
of personal and professional growth. When I
my actions are aligned with what I consider
receive feedback, I approach it with an open
morally right.
mind, try to stay calm and listen attentively to
understand the perspective being shared.
Collaboration: I strongly value teamwork
and recognize the potential of collective
It is important to separate personal attacks
efforts. I actively cultivate an atmosphere
from constructive feedback and focus on the
of collaboration, where team members are
latter to identify areas for improvement.
encouraged to engage in open communication
and freely share their ideas.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

He looked forward to each mentor learning

GREAT LEARNING session because it provided extra steps to

JOURNEY
hasten his progress toward his goals and kept
him up to date on market trends. Their mentor
served as group leader, directing them toward
their goals. They also established a "doubt-
asking competition" among their cohort to
guarantee that their mentor learning sessions
were rigorous and complete.

During his time at Great Learning, he learned

valuable skills such as Python, machine
learning, deployment models, and data
visualization tools such as Tableau and BI.

His advice to those embarking on their

learning analytics journey is to follow
their passion. Data science and business
analytics are relatively new fields with fierce
SAIKARRAN M K competition, but with time and practice,
PGP-DSBA ALUMNUS any obstacle can be overcome. If analytics
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Saikarran MK did his BCom undergraduate learning, acquiring, and implementing, all
courses at Loyola College. He is currently while maintaining patience and perseverance.
engaged as a professional data scientist. He Before analytics becomes even more
had been looking for the ideal opportunity competitive, he urges individuals to seize their
to further his interest in data science before opportunities and enroll in Great Learning to
joining the program. He researched numerous pursue their dream job.
courses and eventually opted to enroll in
Great Learning's PGP-DSBA Program.

Great Learning's superb courses in emerging

technologies, effective teaching techniques,
exceptional professors, and supportive
community wowed him. When he first
enquired about the program, the learning
consultant encouraged him to continue.
Despite his financial concerns, he decided to
take the risk in order to enjoy the benefits.

In addition to the courses, having a mentor for

guidance is crucial. Great Learning provided
him with professionals who were tackling
real-life business problems and offering
solutions to their respective companies. This
exemplified the concept of having the "right
person at the right time" for mentorship.
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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

GREAT LEARNING Mentoring sessions were crucial for me

because they helped me comprehend each

JOURNEY AIML topic much more practically. Our mentor

provided us with a wealth of study material,
allowing us to delve into any topic or concept
at any moment. Their knowledge also aided us
in our final capstone project.

Because the appointed mentors were Industry

experts in their fields, the guided learning
sessions were of the highest caliber. They were
knowledgeable about everything we need to
learn and had given us advice on how to deal
with obstacles posed by industry.

The most difficult AIML issue was made very

simple by my Mentor. I was able to select the
project that was right for me as a result of
SANJAT MOHANTY this. I must therefore admit that my mentor's
contribution to the program was significant.
PGP-AIML ALUMNUS
[email protected]
B76NSU0LRV Thankfully, I had the opportunity to
collaborate with [machine-learning initiative],
My name is Sanjat Mohanty, and I now work
a POC level team within my organization.
as a Support Engineer with Great Software
Since I'm just getting started in this sector, I
Laboratory (GS Lab) in Pune. My area of
want to accomplish more.
expertise is containers, microservices, and
cloud computing. I used to learn more about My advice to the budding aspirants would
cloud technology before joining PGP- AIML be to make sure you understand the
Online Course because I was interested in fundamentals of both "Statistics" and
cloud-based support-engineering. "Python" well. Use the wealth of data that is
available on the internet for practice projects
My largest obstacle in the course was time
in a variety of fields to improve your analytics
management; as a Support Engineer, I worked
skills.
in several shifts. Because of my work schedule,
I had to study for my tests in a hurry.

I joined the Great Leaning PGP- AIML Online

Course because the systematic method meant
to teach the principles of artificial intelligence
and machine learning was unique. I had no
concerns about learning through an online
medium because the GL staff clarified all of
my issues before admittance.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

DISCOVER
Machine Learning vs Deep The goal of AI is to create intelligent machines
that work and think like humans.
Learning: Understanding the
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Differences
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Learning
As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to gain
momentum, the terms “machine learning” and AI is the foundation of machine learning and
“deep learning” often come up. While they deep learning. Machine learning is a subset of
are both subsets of AI, they are not the same artificial intelligence, while deep learning is a
thing. Understanding the difference between subset of machine learning. Without AI, these
machine learning and deep learning is crucial technologies would not exist.
to take full advantage of the computational
power of these technologies.

KNOW MORE
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and
How Does It Relate to Machine
Learning and Deep Learning

Components of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is a field of computer
science that covers the development of
intelligent machines. AI includes a wide
range of technologies and techniques such
as machine learning, deep learning, natural
language processing, and robotics.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

Exploring Exciting AI Projects: AI’s importance is undeniable and

far-reaching. AI’s capabilities are remarkable
Unleashing the Power of and pervasive, from enabling personalized
Artificial Intelligence
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recommendations on streaming platforms to
powering self-driving cars, from revolutionizing
medical diagnosis to automating financial
Artificial Intelligence, commonly referred systems. The impact of AI is so profound that
to as AI, has rapidly evolved from being it’s poised to redefine the way we live, work,
an experimental concept to a reality that’s and interact with technology.
transforming countless sectors across the
globe. At its core, AI is a technological
revolution that attempts to create KNOW MORE
machines and software that can mimic
human intelligence, learn, adapt, and react
autonomously. It integrates cognitive
functions, such as understanding, reasoning,
learning, problem-solving, perception, and
linguistic intelligence, into machines, thereby
making them ‘intelligent.’

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

THAT’S A GOOD without considering their limitations can lead

to significant errors and potentially dangerous

QUESTION! outcomes.

Hence, despite their impressive capabilities,

What are some limitations of
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here are some of the key limitations in my
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AI services like ChatGPT? Lack of common sense: AI models like
How can it be further ChatGPT lack true understanding and
common-sense reasoning.
enhanced ?
Limited training data: The performance of
Gaurav Das, a Great Learning mentor says AI models heavily relies on the quality and
AI services like ChatGPT can have unintended quantity of data they were trained on.
consequences, including perpetuating biases,
spreading misinformation, or generating Limited context retention: ChatGPT can
harmful content. Acknowledging the struggle to maintain context over longer
limitations and potential pitfalls of AI systems conversations, often providing responses that
fosters transparency, which is crucial for are contextually inappropriate or irrelevant.
building trust with users and stakeholders
and meeting compliance requirements Inability to ask clarifying questions:
concerning fairness, transparency, and privacy. ChatGPT cannot seek clarification on
Understanding the limitations of ChatGPT ambiguous queries, potentially leading to
helps users set appropriate expectations misinterpretations and incorrect responses.
and avoid relying on it for tasks beyond its
capabilities. Governments, organizations, Open-ended responses: ChatGPT may
and policymakers need to understand the sometimes generate plausible-sounding but
disadvantages of AI systems to develop incorrect or nonsensical answers, especially
appropriate governance frameworks and when dealing with ambiguous or complex
regulations. Over reliance on AI systems queries.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

Security and privacy concerns: AI models may

inadvertently store sensitive user information,
even if unintentional.

Dependency on input phrasing: The way

a question or prompt is phrased can
significantly affect the response from AI
models.

Inability to ask clarifying questions: Unlike

a human conversation, AI models cannot
seek clarification or ask follow-up questions
to ambiguous queries, leading to potential
misinterpretations.

Lack of creativity and imagination: AI models

can provide factual information but may not
possess true creativity or imaginative thinking,
limiting their ability to generate original and
innovative ideas.

Resource-intensive: State-of-the-art AI models

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like GPT-3 can be computationally expensive
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and require substantial computing power,
making them less accessible for everyone.

It is important to remember that advancing AI

technology, like ChatGPT, requires responsible
development and careful consideration of
potential ethical implications. In the fast-
moving world of today, technology often
supersedes ethics. Balancing progress with
ethical and safety considerations ensures
that AI is beneficial and aligned with human
values. It is also important to note that these
potential improvements are speculative, and
the actual features and advancements over
ChatGPT-4 would depend on the research
and development conducted by the team at
OpenAI or other organizations working on
similar projects. I am sure that they would do a
fabulous job!

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

Sridhar Anchoori, a Great Learning mentor Biased Training: Because the training data set
also shares his insights may have come from social media or open
source sources, the model may be biased.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a service is
Depending on the data used for training, the
starting to be present in every domain
model may produce biased results, and it
and sector in the future. This could be in
occasionally may not be accurate.
healthcare, infrastructure, agriculture, cloud,
IT service management, manufacturing etc.,
Impact of Error: The wrong model outputs
AI with deep learning and machine learning is
can occasionally cause issues since they have
redefining the digital age processes and work.
an effect on subsequent decisions, such as
medical diagnosis.
Limitations / challenges of AI as a service:
Reduced Transparency: The model or Resource Requirements: The wrong model
algorithm employed by the AI as a service is outputs can occasionally cause issues since
more like a mystery, and users may only have they have an effect on subsequent decisions,
restricted access to it. such as medical diagnosis.

Dependency on third parties: Any problems

with this could affect the models and the
routine day-to-day operations. The AI as a
service might include some data and third-
party components.
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Add on costs: Although AI as a service is
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adaptable and scalable, the additional services
that must be purchased could raise the cost.

Less Creative: AI as a service may only be able

to think within the confines of already existing
data and patterns.

Quality of Data: When data is few and/or of

questionable quality, AI as a service might not
be the most appropriate solution. This might
have an effect on what the AI as a service
model produces.

Unethical Usage: AI as a service may be

employed for bad things like spreading
incorrect information, creating phony
photographs and movies, etc.

Contextual and emotional understanding:

Although AI as a service can logically
resemble people, it can struggle to
comprehend and respond to contextual and
emotional events.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

With the right recommendations, these

restrictions and difficulties can be partially,
if not entirely, overcome. A few of them are
listed below.
Quality of Outputs: By utilizing more
sophisticated models and a variety of
datasets, the model algorithm's quality can be
raised. These can enhance model quality and
help discover trends more clearly.

Flexibility on the Model outputs: Using a

few sophisticated models can give users the
power to obtain outputs based on specific
predetermined conditions.

Reducing the Bias: This can be done by more

successfully training the model utilizing certain
sophisticated data creation approaches.

Safety and Security: Use of more

sophisticated methods, such as fingerprinting
and watermarking, to prevent unethical usage.
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Resource Requirement: The computational
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requirements can be further optimized
without sacrificing performance using modern
compression techniques.

Regulation: The implementation of a few

government laws may include the requirement
that AI services obtain a license, strict legal
action against any defaulters, security
assessments by the regulated authorities, etc.
This would assist to allay security fears.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

WHAT’S

NEW
AI is Helping ALS Patients Preserve Their Jeansonne further marveled at the technology,
[email protected] saying, “I am amazed by it,…That fact that
Voices
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I can sound kind of like me is a true gift to
Patients battling Amyotrophic Lateral me and my family.” Presently, the cost of this
Sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou technology is $1,000, but efforts by non-profit
Gehrig's disease, are finding hope and organizations are underway to help cover
relief through the use of AI technology that these expenses.
preserves their voices and communication
abilities. Brian Jeansonne, featured in a CBS ALS is a neurodegenerative disease that
report, shared his experience of recording progressively robs patients of their mobility
his voice using AI while still able to speak. and speech. In the United States, the Centers
This novel process, called voice preservation, for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
allows ALS patients to retain their ability to reports an average of 5,000 ALS diagnosed
communicate even as the disease progresses. annually.

Boston Children's Hospital is at the forefront

of this innovative approach, enabling patients
to record their voices for playback when
they eventually lose their speaking abilities.
Jeansonne expressed the fear of losing one's
voice and the transformative impact of AI-
powered voice preservation. He noted, “Voice
preservation gives that back to us. This, in
many ways, saved my life.”

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

John Costello, director of the Augmentative This cutting-edge technique not only
Communication Program at Boston Children’s enhances the accuracy of predicting
Hospital, highlighted how AI is revolutionizing landslides but also pinpoints their locations
this area of healthcare. He emphasized that and timing. Successful scaling could lead to a
this technology requires fewer messages to transformative tool for monitoring landslide-
be recorded while delivering superior quality. prone regions, potentially saving lives and
“It’s allowing people to have to record fewer protecting property.
messages,…The quality is far superior to what
we were able to do in the early days.” The groundbreaking approach was detailed
in the journal Communications Earth &
The integration of AI into the medical field Environment, published on Nature.com. The
has expanded significantly in recent years. AI technique not only boosts the precision
In late 2022, the ODSC (Open Data Science and interpretability of AI-driven machine
Conference) reported on various ongoing learning but also demands less computational
programs aimed not only at broadening power and can be seamlessly combined with
healthcare access and reducing costs but also traditional predictive models.
at providing effective treatments for a range
of diseases.

Artificial Intelligence Helping Geologists to

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Predict Landslides
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Geologists at UCLA have achieved a

significant breakthrough in landslide
prediction through the innovative use of
artificial intelligence (AI).

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

INDUSTRY • Easy-to-Understand Example:

TRENDS Website Monitoring, let's consider a

practical example of how AIOps can be
applied to website monitoring. Suppose
Jyant Mahara, a data science you are an IT professional responsible
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industry expert, has shared
B76NSU0LRV for managing a company's website. The
website is crucial for the company's
some insights on AI Ops and online presence, and any downtime or
its uprising performance issues can have a significant
impact on business operations and user
"Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations, experience.
commonly known as AIOps, was
introduced as an industry category for • Data Collection:
machine learning analytics technology
that enhances IT operations analytics." AIOps begins by collecting vast amounts
of data from various sources, such as
What is AIOps? server logs, application performance
metrics, network traffic data, and user
interactions with the website.
AIOps is the fusion of AI and traditional IT
operations. It combines big data analytics,
machine learning, and other AI technologies to • Real-Time Monitoring:
automate and optimize various IT tasks. AIOps
AIOps continuously monitor the website's
enables IT teams to gain valuable insights
performance and health in real time. It
from the vast amount of data generated by
detects any unusual behavior or deviations
different systems and applications, enabling
from normal patterns, such as a sudden
them to make data-driven decisions and
increase in website response time or a
improve overall performance.
spike in error rates. Alerting and Root

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

• Cause Analysis:

When AIOps identifies an anomaly or

potential issue, it triggers alerts to notify
the IT team. The alerts provide detailed
information about the problem and its
possible root cause.

Benefits of AIOps

Proactive Issue Detection:

AIOps enables IT teams to detect and address
potential issues before they impact end-users,
reducing downtime and improving service
reliability.

• Efficiency and Automation:

By automating repetitive tasks and
processes, AIOps frees up IT teams to
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focus on more strategic and complex
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projects.

• Enhanced Decision Making:

AIOps provides valuable insights from
large datasets, empowering IT teams to
make data-driven decisions for improving
performance and resource utilization.

Conclusion AIOps is revolutionizing IT

operations by harnessing the power of
artificial intelligence and machine learning.
With its ability to proactively detect and
resolve issues, automate processes, and
provide valuable insights, AIOps is becoming
an indispensable tool for modern IT teams.
As technology continues to evolve, AIOps
will play an increasingly vital role in ensuring
smooth and efficient IT operations for
organizations of all sizes.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

elevated rate of customer churn. As a result,

his company experienced a decline in market
share and lost its position as a market leader.

DATA SCIENCE To tackle customer churn, he utilized machine

learning and predictive modeling techniques

AT WORK
to predict whether a customer would
discontinue their business or remain with his
organization. These models were built using
available data to forecast customer churn.

Data collection was straightforward, but

the most challenging part for him was data
cleaning and selecting relevant features for
model building, as only he had the necessary
data science and business analytics skills.

Data analysis unveiled surprising and

enlightening insights. The selected sample
for analysis had an imbalanced distribution,
with 90% non-churning customers and only
10% churning customers. He applied SMOTE
AKASH DEEP to balance the dataset and improve model
PGP-DSBA ALUMNUS performance on the test dataset. Through
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As an area in charge at National Gas Company to prioritize and prevent additional customer
SAOG, Akash’s main role involved driving attrition.
sales revenue in the Oman region for projects,
commercial propane, and bulk LPG, with the The pricing of his organization’s product
primary objective of achieving and enhancing emerged as a pivotal factor that significantly
profitability in line with the set targets. impacted his company, and it also played a
substantial role in contributing to customer
He believed in today's data-driven corporate churn.
world, companies depend on data collection
to extract valuable insights for their This exercise not only revamped their product
sustainability and growth. pricing but also optimized their supply
chain, enhancing customer experience. It
Although his company consistently generated safeguarded their market leader position and
sales data, it was not effectively leveraged maximized revenues. Through supply chain
to obtain valuable and practical insights. optimization and negotiations with vendors,
The collected data was merely utilized for he reduced customer churn by 12%.
daily management information system (MIS)
reports and annual projections, overlooking Conducting this exercise enabled him to
its potential for identifying sales trends, proactively identify potential customers
conducting customer churn analysis, and who were likely to churn and allowed him
more. The market pressure to generate to develop countermeasures to retain their
revenues was heightened by a significant loyalty. Additionally, the data analysis provided
increase in customer churn. valuable insights by identifying new segments
and geographic locations that his company
The company's cash flows and revenue could target for future business expansion.
generation were negatively
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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

engineers would need to arrange maintenance

runs at spaced-apart periods to account for
this risk.

AI AT The issue here was that the components

WORK
that were being examined for flaws were
still capable of running with desirable
performance. This could unintentionally
result in machine downtime that multiple
petrochemical businesses depended on, which
would result in output losses.

Using the customer's provided temperature,

pressure, and vibration data, a probabilistic
model (weighted risk matrix) was first created
to assess the possibility of component failure.
By giving weights to the attributes of each of
the important components of the compressor,
he established the likelihood of failure through
brainstorming sessions. The element of the
outcome that had the highest likelihood of
failing had the most serious consequences.
PRASHANTH
PGP-AIML ALUMNUS With information from the customer he
[email protected] carried out some research on the wear of
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With more than three years of expertise piston seals during operating conditions. He
in the field, Prashanth is a product design created a transfer function with a theoretical
engineer with a background in machine grasp of the relationship between the number
design. His professional path to date has of compressor cycles and the diameter loss
included designing can decorators for the of the seal. He included values for the seal
beverage industry, value analysis/value dimensions that corresponded to failure based
engineering (VAVE), reverse engineering for on previous maintenance runs to anticipate
new product development, and structural and the time required for catastrophic failure
computational fluid dynamics study of wind using regression techniques. He suggested
turbines. a system of sensors to gather information on
compressors.
He participated in a pilot project for
the petrochemical industry's predictive By incorporating this data into the regression
maintenance of compressors. The intention model described above, he was able to
was to predict the prognosis (estimation of broadcast real-time forecasts via the cloud,
the compressor's end of life) based on the alerting the production engineers on the
propensity of failure of crucial components ground. His company was able to make an
(valves, seals, piston rings, etc.). These informed decision and Increased compressor
components operate under extremely uptime resulted in annual savings of $50,000
demanding conditions, and any catastrophic USD. He had the confidence to experiment
failure could result in lengthy downtimes for on other open-source Kaggle datasets in the
the industries that depend on these devices. domain of predictive maintenance thanks to
According to the manufacturer-specified life the practical application of ML approaches.
expectancies of these items, maintenance

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

MENTOR
Q2. How did you decide you want to be a
Data Scientist?

SPEAKS Initially, the field of Data Science was known

as Analytics and Statistics. As someone
who has always had a passion for numbers,
I excelled in mathematics and statistics
during my high school days. This led me to
pursue a career as an accountant in 2005-
2006. Working in this role exposed me to a
significant amount of data, which I started
analyzing using my mathematical and
statistical knowledge. As I continued to learn
more about analytics, I discovered various
tools, methods, and concepts that eventually
led me to the world of Data Science.

Q3. What preparations did you do to

In this edition, we will hear about our achieve your goal?
mentor Deepak Gupta’s journey of
I have always had a strong passion for
becoming a Data Science industry expert.
[email protected]
B76NSU0LRV learning, regardless of the topic. When I am
interested in anything, I make time to learn
about and practice it. The same methodology
Q1. Describe your current role.
was used in my study of data science. After
deciding to pursue this career, I made a daily
I am an Entrepreneur, Mentor, Coach,
commitment of at least two hours to read
and Public Speaker with over 16 years of
books, articles, and watch videos on data
experience. My expertise lies in the field of
science. I actively participated in problem-
analytics, where I have spent more than 10
solving exercises and looked for answers to
years. Currently, I work as an EdTech Mentor,
any problems I had on pertinent forums. I put
providing guidance and support in the field
a lot of time and effort into honing my skills
of Data Science, Artificial Intelligence (AI),
because I genuinely believe that practice
and Machine Learning (ML). I mentor and
makes perfect.
train students from all around the world,
helping them develop their skills in these
domains. Additionally, I am a certified Algo
Trader, where I utilize robust ML/AI models
to manage clients' financial portfolios and
automate their trades.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

Q4. How did you get your first job and

describe your journey (difficulties that
you faced and how did you overcome)?

Since my previous roles were similar,

transitioning to Data Science was
smooth.However, the key aspect here
is that when you acquire knowledge
and become proficient in a field, finding
opportunities becomes relatively easier.
Nowadays, recruiters are primarily
interested in candidates' knowledge
and problem-solving abilities. They
focus on understanding how well you
comprehend what you have learned
rather than asking fixed questions. By
demonstrating your understanding and
showcasing your ability to think critically
and provide innovative solutions, you
can overcome any challenges you might
face during the hiring process.
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Q5. Advice to budding DSBA?

My advice to all aspiring Data Scientists

and Business Analysts is to prioritize
completing the program or course you
undertake in a continuous manner. Many
individuals struggle to keep up with
multiple commitments such as work,
family, and learning simultaneously.
If you have started something, it is
crucial to finish it with determination
and achieve outstanding results.
Remember, you are not wasting time;
this milestone in your career holds
immense importance and can facilitate
tremendous growth while developing a
more analytical mindset. By successfully
completing the program, you will not
only advance professionally but also
personally.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

CROSSWORD PUZZLE
1

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ACROSS DOWN
3. A method used to allocate customers into 1. A statistical measure that describes the
different segments based on their similarities. spread of a dataset.

6. A visual representation of data using bars of 2. A method used to fill in missing values in a
varying heights or length dataset.

8. A machine learning algorithm used for both 4. A widely used framework for big data
classification and regression tasks, known for its processing and analytics.
simplicity and interpretability.
5. A graphical representation of data using
9. A graphical representation of the distribution points or dots.
of a dataset.
7. A statistical technique used to find
relationships between variables.

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 JUNE 2023 EDITION

LEARNING BIRD CHIRPS

Optimism is the faith that leads to
achievement. Nothing can be done
without hope and confidence.

- Helen Keller

THE EDITORIAL TEAM

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Mugdha Deepala Anamika Singhal Shikha S

CREATIVE TEAM

Vijaya Patel
(Design)
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