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00 Arch-L01

Archs descus

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5 views24 pages

00 Arch-L01

Archs descus

Uploaded by

Getu Tadesse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WOLDIA UNIVERSITY

Department : Civil Engineering

Course : Fundamental of Architectural Design


Lecture 1 : Introduction to Fundamental of Architectural Design

Instructor: Fikremariam Hailu


1. Introduction toArchitectural Planning
and Design
1.1 What isArchitecture?
• People need places for their activity

• These activities take place in buildings

• Adiscipline concerned with design of bldg isArchitecture

• Hence Architecture

• theArt and Science of designing buildings and habitable


structures

• What isArt, Science and Design?


What isArt?

• Acreative human activity in which materials are shaped to


convey an idea, emotion, or visually interesting form
• The use of skill and imagination in the creation of aesthetic
objects or experiences that can be shared with others
What is Science?

• The systematic observation of natural events and


conditions
• to discover facts about them and
• to formulate laws and principles based on these facts
What is Design?

• Arational, logical, sequential process intended to solve


problems

• Involves making a detailed plan of the form or structure of


Something
• Emphasizing features such as its appearance, convenience,
durability and economy.
What does it takes to undertake a design
activity?

• Knowledge: Set of accumulated information

• Imagination: Power of visualizing various layers, sides,


Dimension & Possibilities of information

• Skill: The ability to execute our ideas


Then What isArchitecture?

• Architecture is a discipline which


• uses art and science knowledge and skill
• to create, improve and restore static habitable structures specially
buildings.
• Architecture is a work of art that employs the
sciences to put up structures that draw emotional
responses from users and observers.
Architecture (cont’d)
• According to Marcus Vitruvius,Architecture is
• Commodity (function): serving a purpose

• Delight (aesthetics): visually pleasing & stimulate a sense organ

•Firmness ( strength): erectable and durable

• Art: aesthetics, original work & serve a purpose


• Science: principles based on facts and principles
1.2.Architecture and Other Related
Disciplines
• Task of designer is to change
• Client Needs to Concepts to Building Image

• Three parties involve in realization of Client Needs

Client Design Construction


Team Team
• Idea • PD and PM( Coordinator)
• Needs • Architect ( Coordinator)
• UPand UE
• Money • Surveyor & Geologist
• Structural Engineer
• Electrical Engineer
• Mechanical Engineer
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)

• Design isn't a single professional task

• Role ofArchitect: coordination & leadership

• It is important to know other related disciplines including


• Urban Planning & Design

• Civil Engineering

• Electrical & Mechanical Engineering

• Sanitary Engineering
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
Urban Planning
• the organization of all elements of a town or urban envi.

• dealt with land use and the physical arrangement of city


structures taking into consideration economical, social, physical
environmental, administrative, historical…. aspects

• urban planning document related toArchitecture contains


• zoning ordinances like residential, commercial zone
• subdivision regulations like plot size
• building and housing codes like height limitation
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
Urban Engineering

• the application of science ( specially physics, maths and


chemistry) in the design of urban infrastructure like

• Urban Houses and related buildings


• Urban Roads & Bridge

• Urban Water Supply,

• Urban Drainage & Sewerage System


Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)

Urban Design

• Before 1960s:Arch’re & UP were the same

• After 1960s, split int


• UP: focus on land use pattern & organization of services &
infrastructure

• Architecture : focus on design of buildings

• Gap is created: who is responsible for public spaces


• Urban design is the art & science of design of public spaces
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
Civil Engineering
• Practical application of science and math in the design of
structures like road, bridge, dam etc

• Building components
• Architectural: non supporting & space defining: walls, windows
• Structural : supporting like foundation, beam, column, slab

• Civil (Structural) Engineer


• design structural parts of a building
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
CoTM
• Practical application of science and math in the design,
consultation and management of construction projects like
Building ,road, bridge, dam etc

Project Manager
• Coordinating and controlling overall project
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
Electrical Engineering

• design and manufacture of systems and devices that use


electric power and signals

• Building components includes electrical system


• switches, sockets, light points, water pump

• Electrical Engineer
• design the electrical system of a building
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)

Mechanical Engineering

• design and manufacture all types of machineries


• building also include mechanical systems like
• elevators, escalators, heating, cooling, ventilating systems

• Mechanical Engineer
• designs the mechanical systems of a building
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
Sanitary Engineering

• design of water supply , drainage and sewerage system


• in a building
• we need water and swear will be produced

• Sanitary Engineer
• designs the water supply, sewerage and drainage system of a
building and its compound
Architecture and Other Related Disciplines (cont’d)
Other Disciplines

• in a design of advanced buildings like museums, cinemas,


meeting halls, hotels other disciples may involve

• Light Engineer

• Acoustics Engineer

• InteriorArchitect

• LandscapeArchitect etc
Examples of
Residential Bldg
Examples
Examples
Examples

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