Introduction to Structural Analysis

Introduction to Friction/Belt Friction

Centroid
Moment of Inertia
The centroid of a body is the point where there is equal volume on all sides. The centroid of a solid body
made from a single material is the center of its mass. If the mass of a body is distributed evenly, then the
centroid and center of mass are the same.
Moment of inertia, also called the second moment of area, is the product of area and the
square of its moment arm about a reference axis

𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑀𝑀𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎

𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎

𝐼𝐼𝑋𝑋 = � 𝑦𝑦 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 = � 𝑥𝑥 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

𝑤𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒: 𝐼𝐼 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖

𝑥𝑥 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 (𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐼𝐼𝑋𝑋 = 𝐼𝐼 𝑥𝑥̅ + 𝐴𝐴𝑑𝑑 2 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 = 𝐼𝐼 𝑦𝑦� + 𝐴𝐴𝑑𝑑 2

𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 = 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝐼𝐼 𝑥𝑥̅ = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑥𝑥
𝐼𝐼 𝑦𝑦� = 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡
𝐴𝐴 = 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝑑𝑑 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓𝑓 𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 of the area to the
considered to the reference axis
 𝐴𝐴1 = 250𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 ∗ 50𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
X-axis
𝐴𝐴2 = 250𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 ∗ 50𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝐴1 50mm
𝐴𝐴3 = 400𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 ∗ 50𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 20,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝑥𝑥1
𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 45,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
2
𝑥𝑥1 = 250
+50 = 175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴3 300mm 2
𝑥𝑥2 = 250
+50 = 175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑥𝑥3 2
𝑥𝑥3 = 50 = 25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
250mm
2
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

𝑥𝑥2
50mm

Y-axis
 𝑦𝑦1 X-axis
𝐴𝐴1 50mm
𝑦𝑦1 = 50
= 25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑥𝑥1 2
𝑦𝑦3
𝑦𝑦2 = 50
+350 = 375𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴3 2
300mm 𝑦𝑦2 𝑦𝑦3 = 400
= 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
2
𝑥𝑥3
250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

𝑥𝑥2
50mm

Y-axis
 To find for 𝑥𝑥̅
𝐴𝐴3 𝑥𝑥3
𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇 𝑥𝑥̅ = 𝐴𝐴1 𝑥𝑥1 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑥𝑥2 +
2
45,000𝑥𝑥̅ = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2 (175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚)+ 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 (175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚) + 20,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 (25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚)
2

𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
To find for 𝑦𝑦�
𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇 𝑦𝑦� =𝐴𝐴1 𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑦𝑦2 + 𝐴𝐴3 𝑦𝑦3

12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 2 (25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚) + 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2 (375𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚) + 20,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2 (200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚)

45,000𝑦𝑦� =
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 40,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
2

𝐴𝐴1 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2 𝑥𝑥1 = 175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦1 = 25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝐴2 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2 𝑥𝑥2 = 175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦2 = 375𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝐴3 = 2 𝑥𝑥3 = 25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦3 = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

20,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑑𝑑
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm
� = 𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3
𝐴𝐴3 300mm 𝑏𝑏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
𝐴𝐴1 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
250
𝑑𝑑 = ( + 50) − 108.33
2
250mm
𝑑𝑑 = 66.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm
𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 1
Y-axis
 𝑑𝑑 X-axis
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴1
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴1 𝑑𝑑 2
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 12
3
= (250)50
+ (12,500) 66.672
𝐴𝐴3 300mm 12
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 = 58,165,277.92𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
� = 𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3

𝐴𝐴3 𝑏𝑏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
300mm 𝐴𝐴2 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝑑𝑑 = 250 − 108.33
( + 50)
2
250mm 𝑑𝑑 = 66.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑑𝑑
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑑𝑑 2
=
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 12
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 3
= (250)50
+ (12,500) 66.672
𝐴𝐴3 12
300mm
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 = 58,165,277.92𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

250mm
𝑑𝑑
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
� = 𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3
300mm 𝑏𝑏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
𝐴𝐴3 𝑑𝑑 𝐴𝐴3 =20,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝑑𝑑 = 108.33 − 50
2
𝑑𝑑 = 83.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴3
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴3 𝑑𝑑 2
=
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 12
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 3
= (50)400
300mm + (20,000) 83.332
𝐴𝐴3 𝑑𝑑 12
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3 = 58,165,277.92𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 = 58,165,277.92𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 = 58,165,277.92𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3 = 405,544,444.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼3

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 521,875,000.51𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
� = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3
𝑑𝑑 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴3 𝑏𝑏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
300mm 𝐴𝐴1 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝑑𝑑 = 200 − 50
2
250mm 𝑑𝑑 = 175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴1
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴1 𝑑𝑑 2
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
𝑑𝑑 12
3
𝐴𝐴3 = 50 250
300mm + (12,500) 1752
12
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 = 447,916,666.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
� = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3

𝐴𝐴3 𝑏𝑏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
300mm 𝐴𝐴2 = 12,500𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝑑𝑑 = 200 − 50
𝑑𝑑 2
250mm 𝑑𝑑 = 175𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴3
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑑𝑑 2
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 =
12
50 2503
𝐴𝐴3 = + (12,500) 1752
300mm 12
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 = 447,916,666.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4
𝑑𝑑
250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚

𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 � = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴3 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3
300mm 𝑏𝑏𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
𝑑𝑑 𝐴𝐴3 = 20,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚2
𝑑𝑑 = 0
250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 X-axis 𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴1 50mm 𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴3
𝑥𝑥̅ = 108.33𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴3 𝑑𝑑 2
=
𝑦𝑦� = 200𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 12
𝐴𝐴3 400 503
300mm = + (20,000) 02
12
𝑑𝑑
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3 = 4,166,666.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

250mm
𝐴𝐴2 50mm

50mm

Y-axis
 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 = 447,916,666.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 = 447,916,666.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3 = 4,166,666.67𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦3

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 900,000,000𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚4
 𝐴𝐴1 0.5m
2m
𝑥𝑥1 𝐴𝐴1 = 2.5𝑚𝑚m ∗ 0.5𝑚𝑚 = 1.25𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝐴2 𝐴𝐴2 = 0.5𝑚𝑚 ∗ 2𝑚𝑚 = 1𝑚𝑚2

2m
𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 2.25𝑚𝑚 2

𝑥𝑥2

X-axis
𝑥𝑥1 = 2.5
= 1.25𝑚𝑚
2
𝑥𝑥2 = 0.5 = 0.25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
0.5m 2

Y-axis
 𝑦𝑦1 = 0.5
𝐴𝐴1 0.5m 2.5 − = 2.25𝑚𝑚
2
2m
𝑦𝑦2 = 2
= 1𝑚𝑚
2
𝐴𝐴2
2m 𝑦𝑦1

𝑦𝑦2

X-axis

0.5m

Y-axis
 To find for 𝑥𝑥̅ 𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 2.25𝑚𝑚2
𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇 𝑥𝑥̅ = 𝐴𝐴1 𝑥𝑥1 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑥𝑥2 𝐴𝐴1 = 1.25𝑚𝑚2 𝑥𝑥1 = 1.25𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴2 = 1𝑚𝑚2 𝑥𝑥2 = 0.25𝑚𝑚
2.25𝑚𝑚2 𝑥𝑥̅ = 1.25𝑚𝑚2 (1.25𝑚𝑚) + 1𝑚𝑚2 (0.25𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚)

𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81𝑚𝑚
𝑦𝑦1 = 2.25𝑚𝑚
To find for 𝑦𝑦�
𝑦𝑦2 = 1𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝐴 𝑇𝑇 𝑦𝑦� =𝐴𝐴1 𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑦𝑦2

2.25𝑚𝑚2 𝑦𝑦� = 1.25𝑚𝑚

2 (2.25𝑚𝑚) + 1𝑚𝑚2 1𝑚𝑚

𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚
 𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚

� = 𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝐴𝐴1 0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2
2m
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴1
𝐴𝐴2 2m 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴1 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 =
12
𝐴𝐴1 = 1.25𝑚𝑚2
𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑 = 2.5 − 0.81
2
X-axis 𝑑𝑑 = 0.44
(2.5)0.53
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 = + 1.25 ∗ 0.442
12
0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 = 0.27𝑚𝑚4
Y-axis
 𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦� = 1.14𝑚𝑚

� = 𝐼𝐼𝑥𝑥 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝐴𝐴1 0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2
2m
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴2
𝐴𝐴2 2m 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 =
12
𝐴𝐴2 = 1𝑚𝑚2
𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑 = 0.81 − 0.5
2
X-axis 𝑑𝑑 = 0.56
(0.5)23
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 = + 1 ∗ 0.562
12
0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 = 1.57𝑚𝑚4
Y-axis
 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 = 0.27𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2 = 1.57𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼1 + 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼2

𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 1.84𝑚𝑚4
 𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚

� = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝐴𝐴1 0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2
2m
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴1
𝐴𝐴2 2m 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴1 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 =
12
𝐴𝐴1 = 1.25𝑚𝑚2
𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑 = (2 − 1.69) + 0.5
2
X-axis 𝑑𝑑 = 0.56
(0.5)2.53
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 = + 1.25 ∗ 0.562
12
0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 = 1.04𝑚𝑚4
Y-axis
 𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81𝑚𝑚 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚

� = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦 + 𝐴𝐴 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝐴𝐴1 0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2
2m
𝐹𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐴𝐴2
𝐴𝐴2 2m 𝑏𝑏ℎ3 + 𝐴𝐴2 𝑑𝑑 2
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 =
12
𝐴𝐴2 = 1𝑚𝑚2
1.69 − 2
𝑥𝑥̅ = 0.81 𝑦𝑦� = 1.69𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑 =
2
X-axis 𝑑𝑑 = 0.69
(2)0.53
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 = + 1 ∗ 0.692
12
0.5m
𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 = 0.5𝑚𝑚4
Y-axis
 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 = 1.04𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2 = 0.5𝑚𝑚4

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 = 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦1 + 𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦2

𝐼𝐼𝑦𝑦𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 = 1.54𝑚𝑚4