WEB MEDIA NEWS WEBSITE

FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT

B. TECH IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

FROM

SHAHEED BHAGAT SINGH STATE TECHNICAL

UNIVERSITY

(PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY)

SUBMITTED BY: -

SAMARTH KUMAR (1908308)

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Shaheed Bhagat College of Engineering and Technology

Ferozpur 152004
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “Split Fare Application” is submitted by
Samarth Kumar bearing University Roll No. 1908308, Student of Department in
Computer Science & Engineering in Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University, in
partial Fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the “Bachelor of Technology
in Computer Science and Engineering ” branch during the academic year 2022 –
2023 from “ Shaheed Bhagat Singh State University, Ferozepur, Punjab, is a record
of the student own study carried under my supervision & guidance.

The matter Present in this report has not been submitted to any other
university or institution for the award for B.Tech Degree

Name of Project Supervisor:

Ms. Anita Sharma

PREFACE
Computer are now becoming part of almost every activity in the originations. The
developments made on the fields of information and computer technology have
vastly blown up and have changed the face of the present world. The use of IT has
gradually and now computers are increasingly used for everyday activities
organizations. The library Management System is full of feeling to provide better of
service to users.

Technology took over many things and has introduced many smart and easier
alternatives to solve daily problems in human life. Everything is now on internet
and done in seconds. Data has been digitalized and can be retrieved from any
place through internet.
We are now trying to solve a daily problem in shops. Generally, if a group of people
shop or eat at a place and has to share the bill, overhead arises while individuals
paying off their shared amount. So we are coming up with a technique which uses
Image Processing and shares the bill among all the involved individuals.
The purpose of this work is to develop a mobile application which provides users a
quick and easy way to split bills amongst customers and enhance user experience.
 ABSTRACT
This project is to develop an online news website that provides
users with a variety of features, including:

The ability to view news articles from a variety of sources.

The ability to comment on news articles.
The ability to save news articles for later reading.
The ability to search for news articles by keyword or topic.
The ability to register for and log in to the website.
The website will be designed to be user-friendly and easy to
navigate. It will also be mobile-friendly, which is important
because more and more people are using their mobile devices to
access the internet.

The project will be developed using a variety of technologies,

including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. The website will be
hosted on a cloud-based platform.

The project is expected to take 6 months to complete.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Project Profile
i. Project Definition ii. Scope and
Objective of the Project
2. Introduction
I. Introduction of Project
II. Purpose
III. Background of the Project

3. Software Requirement Specification

I. General Description
II. Problem Statement III. System Objective

4. Technology Used
I. Technology II. Analysis

5. Software and Hardware Requirement

I. Software Requirement
II. Hardware Requirement.

6. System Requirement
I. Non – Functional Requirement
II. Functional Requirement

7. Structured Analysis and Structure Design

I. Use Case Diagram For Registration
II. Use case Diagram for User
III. Zero Level DFD For System
IV. First Level DFD For System
 V. Second Level DFD For System
VI. Use Case Diagram
VII. Use Case Diagram for User

8. Risk Analysis
I. Types of Risks
II. Risk Control

9. System Testing
I. Unit Testing
II. Integration Testing

10.Conclusion & Future Scope

 1) PROJECT PROFILE

Project Definition
The project definition for this news website is to create a web
application that allows users to view and share news articles. The
website will be developed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript,
Node.js, and MongoDB.
Objective and Scope of the Project

The scope of this project includes the following:

*Development of the user interface for the website

*Development of the backend logic for the website
*Integration with MongoDB for storing news articles
*Deployment of the website to a live server
The objectives of this project are to:

*Create a user-friendly website that allows users to easily

view and share news articles
*Provide a platform for users to interact with each other and
discuss news articles
*Make news articles more accessible to users
 2) INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT

The news industry is constantly evolving. In the past, people

would get their news from newspapers, magazines, and
television. However, in recent years, there has been a growing
shift towards online news sources. This is due to the fact that
online news sources are more convenient and accessible than
traditional news sources.
There is a growing demand for online news sources.
According to a recent study by the Pew Research Center, 68%
of Americans get their news online. This number is expected
to continue to grow in the coming years.
This project aims to create a news website that meets the
needs of today's users. The website will be designed to be
user-friendly and easy to navigate. It will also provide users
with a variety of features, such as the ability to comment on
news articles, share news articles on social media, and save
news articles for later reading.
The introduction of the project should also discuss the
purpose and background of the project. The purpose of the
project is to create a news website that provides users with a
convenient and informative way to stay up-to-date on
current events. The background of the project is the growing
demand for online news sources. More and more people are
turning to the internet for their news, and this project aims
to meet that demand.
Purpose
The purpose of this project is to create a news website that
provides users with a convenient and informative way to stay
up-to-date on current events. The website will be designed to
be user-friendly and easy to navigate. It will also provide
users with a variety of features, such as the ability to:

View news articles from a variety of sources. The website will

aggregate news articles from a variety of sources, including
major news outlets, small independent news organizations,
and citizen journalists. This will give users a wide range of
news sources to choose from.
Comment on news articles. The website will allow users to
comment on news articles. This will allow users to share their
thoughts and opinions on current events.
Share news articles on social media. The website will allow
users to share news articles on social media. This will allow
users to share news articles with their friends and followers.
Save news articles for later reading. The website will allow
users to save news articles for later reading. This will allow
users to read news articles at their own pace.
The website will also be designed to be mobile-friendly. This
means that users will be able to access the website from
their smartphones and tablets. This is important because
more and more people are using their mobile devices to
access the internet.
Background of the Project
The background of the project is the growing demand for
online news sources. In the past, people would get their
news from newspapers, magazines, and television. However,
in recent years, there has been a growing shift towards
online news sources. This is due to the fact that online news
sources are more convenient and accessible than traditional
news sources.

According to a recent study by the Pew Research Center, 68%

of Americans get their news online. This number is expected
to continue to grow in the coming years. This project aims to
create a news website that meets the needs of today's users.
The website will be designed to be user-friendly and easy to
navigate. It will also provide users with a variety of features,
such as the ability to comment on news articles, share news
articles on social media, and save news articles for later
reading.

The project is also motivated by the desire to provide a

platform for users to interact with each other and discuss
news articles. The website will allow users to comment on
news articles, which will allow them to share their thoughts
and opinions on current events. The website will also allow
users to share news articles on social media, which will allow
them to share news articles with their friends and followers.

3) Software Requirement Specification

Product Description:

It is computerized system which help user to manage the daily

activity in electronic format. It reduces the risk of paperwork such as
file lost, file damaged and time consuming. It helps user to manage
the transaction and record more effectively and time saving.

 DIFFICULT TO SEARCH RECORD

When there is no computerized system there is always a difficulty in

searching of records if the records are large in number .

 SPACE CONSUMING
After the number of records become large the space for physical storage
of file and records also increases if no computerized system is implemented.

4) Technology Used

1) Html is the main language for creating web pages and other
information that can be displayed in web browser. The purpose of a
web browser is to read the content and compose them into visible
and audible webpages HTML describes the structure of a Web page
HTML consists of a series of elements HTML elements tell the
browser how to display the content.

2) CSS Cascading style sheet is a style language used for describing the
look and formatting of a document written in a markup language.
While most used to style web pages and interface written in the
html and xhtml, the language can be applied to any kind of xml
document including plain xml.
3) JAVA SCRIPT js is the dynamic computer language it is most
commonly used as computer programming language whose
implementation allow client side scripts to interact with the user.,
control the browser, communicate asynchronous and alter the
document content that is displayed.it is the prototype based
scripting language with dynamic typing and has first class function.

4) React JS React is a free and open-source front-end JavaScript library

for building user interfaces based on components. It is maintained
by Meta and a community of individual developers and companies.
React can be used to develop single-page, mobile, or
serverrendered applications with frameworks like Next.js.

React is a library for building composable user interfaces. It

encourages the creation of reusable UI components, which present
data that changes over time. Lots of people use React as the V in
MVC. React abstracts away the DOM from you, offering a simpler
programming model and better performance. React can also render
on the server using Node, and it can power native apps using React
Native. React implements one-way reactive data flow, which reduces
the boilerplate and is easier to reason about than traditional data
binding.

5) MongoDB is a source-available cross-platform document-oriented

database program. Classified as a NoSQL database program,
MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional schemas.
MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and licensed under the
Server Side Public License which is deemed non-free by several
distributions. MongoDB is an open-source document database and
leading NoSQL database. MongoDB is written in C++. This tutorial
will give you great understanding on MongoDB concepts needed to
create and deploy a highly scalable and performance-oriented
database.
 ANALYSIS

The website will be user-friendly and easy to navigate.

The website will provide users with a variety of features, such as

the ability to comment on news articles, share news articles on
social media, and save news articles for later reading.

5) SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE

REQUIREMENTS
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
 Operating system- Windows 7 is used as the operating system as it is
stable and supports more features and is more user friendly
 Database MYSQL-MYSQL is used as database as it easy to maintain
and retrieve records by simple queries which are in English language
which are easy to understand and easy to write.
 Development tools and Programming language- HTML is used to write
the whole code and develop webpages with css, java script for styling
work and php for sever side scripting.

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

 Intel core i5 2nd generation is used as a processor because it is fast

than other processors an provide reliable and stable and we can
run our pc for longtime. By using this processor, we can keep on
developing our project without any worries.
 Ram 1 gb is used as it will provide fast reading and writing
capabilities and will in turn support in processing.
 6) SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

 PROJECT REQUIREMENT

EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENT
Efficiency When a Split fare Application will be implemented user and
user will easily share bills transaction will be very faster.

RELIABILITY REQUIREMENT
The system should accurately perform member registration, member
validation, report generation, bills transaction and search

USABILITY REQUIREMENT
The system is designed for a user-friendly environment so that student
and staff of library can perform the various tasks easily and in an
effective way.

FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

 USER LOGIN
Description of Feature
This feature used by the user to login into system. They are required to enter user
id and password before they are allowed to enter the system. The user id and
password will be verified and if invalid id is their user is allowed to not enter the
system.
 Functional requirements user id is
provided when they register
The system must only allow user with valid id and password to enter the
system

The system performs authorization process which decides what user level
can acess to.
The user must be able to logout after they finished using system.

 REGISTER NEW USER

Description of Feature
This feature can perform by all user to register new user to create account

Functional requirements
System must be able to verify information
System must be able to delete the information if the information is wrong

Functional requirements
System must be able to search the database based on select search type.
System must be able to filter record based on keyword entered.
System must be able to show the filtered records in table view.
 7) Structured Analysis and Structure
Design

USE CASE DIAGRAM FOR REGISTRATION

Use Case Diagram

User
+--Register--+
| |
| Login |
| |

Use Case: Register

Description: The user can register for the website.
Actor: User
Precondition: None.
Postcondition: The user has created an account on the website.

Use Case: Login

Description: The user can log in to the website.

Actor: User
Precondition: The user must have an account on the website.
Postcondition: The user is logged in to the website.
 DATAFLOW DIAGRAM FOR LOGIN

Context Diagram

Online News Website

+--News Articles--+
| |
| Database |
| |
+--Users---------

FIRST LEVEL DFD OF SYSTEM

Online News Website

+--News Articles--+
| |
| Database |
| |
+--Users---------+
|
v
User Interface
|
v
 Data Processing
|
v
Database

USE CASE DIAGRAM

Online News Website
+--View News Articles--+
| |
| Users |
| |
+--Comment on Articles--+
| |
| Users |
| |
| |
| Users |
| |

Use Case: View News Articles

Description: Users can view news articles that are published on the
website.
Actor: User
Precondition: The user must be logged in to the website.
Postcondition: The user has viewed a news article.

Use Case: Comment on Articles

Description: Users can comment on news articles that are published on the
website.
 USE CASE DIAGRAM

USE CASE DIAGRAM FOR USER

User
+--View News Articles--+
| |
| Search |
| |
+--Comment on Articles--+
| |
| Save Articles for Later Reading--+
| |
| Log In/Log Out |
| |

USE CASE DIAGRAM FOR USER

8) RISK ANALYSIS
There are many different types of risks that could impact this
project. Some of the most common risks include:
Technical risks: These risks are related to the technical aspects of
the project, such as the website's design, development, and
deployment. For example, the website could be hacked, or it
could not be able to handle the volume of traffic.
Financial risks: These risks are related to the financial aspects of
the project, such as the budget and the timeline. For example, the
project could go over budget, or it could not be completed on
time.
Marketing risks: These risks are related to the marketing and
promotion of the website. For example, the website could not be
able to attract enough users, or it could not be able to compete
with established online news websites.
Legal risks: These risks are related to the legal aspects of the
project, such as copyright and trademark laws. For example, the
website could be sued for copyright infringement, or it could be
accused of violating someone's privacy.

RISK CONTROL
Risk identified Risk control Plan

Maintenance Problem Proper use of the resources so as to avoid any

hardware failures and taking timely backups.

High work load Divide the work into smaller tasks.

Design and implementation Keep it simple for implementation.

Hardware failure Invest in good quality hardware components.

Inexperienced Instructor Alert client of potentially difficulties and the

possibilities of the delays, investigate
buyingin components
 9) SYSTEM TESTING
The aim of the system testing process was to determine all defects
in our project .The program was subjected to a set of test inputs and
various observations were made and based on these observations it
will be decided

whether the program behaves as expected or not. Our Project

went through two levels of testing

1. Unit Testing

2. Integration Testing

UNIT TESTING
Unit testing is undertaken when a module has been created and succesfully
reviewed .In order to test a single module we need to provide a complete
environment ie besides the module we would require
• The procedures belonging to other modules that the module under test
calls
• Non local data structures that module accesses
• A procedure to call the functions of the module under test with
appropriate parameters

Testing is an integral part of software development. Testing pro- cess, in a way

certifies, whether the product, that is developed, compiles with the standards, that it
was designed to. Testing process involves building of test cases, against which, the
product has to be tested. In some cases, test cases are done based on the system
requirements specified for the product/software, which is to be developed. In
general, software engineers distinguish software faults from software failures. In
case of a failure, the software does not do what the user expects. A fault is a
programming error that may or may not actually manifest as a failure. A fault can
also be described as an error in the correctness of the semantic of a computer
program. A fault will become a failure if the exact com- putation conditions are met,
one of them being that the faulty por- tion of computer software executes on the
CPU. A fault can also turn into a failure when the software is ported to a different
hard- ware platform or a different compiler, or when the software gets extended.
Software testing is the technical investigation of the product under test to provide
stakeholders with quality related information. Software testing may be viewed as a
sub-field of Software Quality Assurance but typically exists independently. In SQA,
software process specialists and auditors take a broader view on software and its
development. They examine and change the software engineering process itself to
reduce the amount of faults that end up in the code or to deliver faster. Testing
does not guarantee that the software developed is completely free from errors; it
only helps to find errors. Regardless of the methods used or level of formality
involved the desired result of testing is a level of confidence in the software so that
the organization is confident that the software has an acceptable defect rate. What
constitutes an acceptable defect rate depends on the nature of the software.

An arcade video game designed to simulate flying an airplane would pre-sumably

have a much higher tolerance for defects than software used to control an actual
airliner. A problem with software testing is that the number of defects in a software
product can be very large, and the number of configurations of the product larger
still. Bugs that occur infrequently are difficult to find in testing. A rule of thumb is
that a system that is expected to function without faults for a certain length of time
must have already been tested for at least that length of time. This has severe
consequences for projects to write long-lived reliable software. It is commonly
believed that the earlier a defect is found the cheaper it is to fix it.

10) CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE

The conclusion of this project is that it has the potential to be
a successful online news website. The website will be user-
friendly and easy to navigate, and it will provide users with a
variety of features. The website will also be mobile-friendly,
which is important because more and more people are using
their mobile devices to access the internet.
The future scope of this project is to continue to grow and
evolve. The website could add new features, such as the ability
to create and share user-generated content. The website could
also expand its reach to other countries.

Here are some specific ideas for the future scope of the project:

Add new features: The website could add new features, such as
the ability to create and share user-generated content. This
would allow users to share their own thoughts and opinions
on current events, and it would also help to build a community
around the website.
Expand its reach: The website could expand its reach to other
countries. This could be done by translating the website into
other languages, or by partnering with news organizations in
other countries.
Focus on specific topics: The website could focus on specific
topics, such as politics, business, or entertainment. This would
allow the website to attract a more targeted audience, and it
would also allow the website to provide more in-depth
coverage of those topics.
The future of this project is bright. With careful planning and
execution, the website could become a successful online news
source for people all over the world.

Here are some additional tips for ensuring the future success
of the project:

Keep up with the latest news: The website should keep up with
the latest news, and it should provide users with accurate and
up-to-date information.
Provide high-quality content: The website should provide
users with high-quality content, such as well-written news
articles and informative videos.
Promote the website: The website should be promoted to a
wide audience, and it should be made easy for users to find.
Listen to user feedback: The website should listen to user
feedback, and it should make changes to the website based
on that feedback.