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1652280555BE Civil - III-IV Sem 2023-24 (FINAL)

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
70 views44 pages

1652280555BE Civil - III-IV Sem 2023-24 (FINAL)

sfewf

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Scheme of Instruction, Evaluation

And

Syllabi of

With effect from Academic Year 2023-24

B.E. Civil Engineering


III & IV Semesters

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(Autonomous)
Esd.1917 Hyderabad – 500 007, TS, INDIA Estd. 1929
SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION
B.E. (CIVIL ENGINEERING) w.e.f. 2023-24

BE III Semester

S.No Code Course Title Scheme of Conta Scheme of Credi


ct
Instructio Hrs/ Evaluation ts
ns Wk

L T P Hrs CIE SEE

Theory
Engineering
1 BS 301 MT Mathematics-III 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
(PDE, Probability
& Statistics
2 PC 301 CE Surveying and Geomatics 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
3 PC 302 CE Strength of Materials-I 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
4 PC 303 CE Fluid Mechanics-I 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
5 PC 304 CE Concrete Technology 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Construction
6 PC 305 CE
Engineering and 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Management
Practicals

7 PC 351 CE Surveying laboratory - - 2 2 3 25 50 1

8 PC 352 CE Fluid Mechanics Lab – I - - 2 2 3 25 50 1

9 PC 353 CE Concrete Technology Lab - - 2 2 3 25 50 1

Total 18 0 6 24 27 315 510 21

Service Courses: MINING ENGG


Scheme of Scheme of
Instruction Contact Evaluation
S. No. Course Code Course Title Credits
L T Dr P hr/week CIE SE
E
1 PC 303 CE Fluid Mechanics-I 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3

2 PC 352 CE Fluid Mechanics Lab – I - - 2 2 3 25 50 1


SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION
B.E. (CIVIL ENGINEERING) w.e.f. 2023-24
BE IV SEMESTER
S.No Code Course Title Scheme of Contact Scheme of Credits
Hrs/Wk
Instruction Evaluation
L T P Hrs CIE SEE
Theory
1 Strength of
PC 401 CE 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Materials-II
2 Design of Reinforced
PC 402 CE Concrete Structures 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
3 PC 403 CE Fluid Mechanics-II 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
4 Hydrology and Water
PC 404 CE Management
3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
5 Engineering
PC 401 CE 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Geology
6 Professional
3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Elective-I
Practicals
7 PC 451 CE Testing Materials Lab - - 2 2 3 25 50 1
Fluid Mechanics - - 2 2
8 PC 452 CE
Lab-II 3 25 50 1
Engineering Geology - - 2 2
9 PC 453 CE
Lab
3 25 50 1
2 (6x5)/
10 ES 661 CE Survey Camp 0
15=2
Total 18 0 8 26 27 315 510 21

Professional Elective – I
S.No Code Course Title Scheme of Contact Scheme of Credits
Hrs/Wk
Instruction Evaluation
L T P Hrs CIE SEE
Theory
7.1 Air and Noise
PE 401 CE 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Pollution
7.2 Geospatial
PE 402 CE 3 0 - 3 3 40 60 3
Techniques
BS 301 MT ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – III
(PDF & PROBABILITY & STATISTICS)

Pre-requisites Mathematical courses of B.E. I year L T P C


3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives :

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
Apply general methodology to solve linear first order and secondorder partial
1.
differential equations
2. To study the classification of second order partial differential equations and solve them
by using separation of variables methods
3. To study the types of Random variables
4 To Understand different types of evaluation of statistical Parameters
5 To study the Curve fitting and Rank, Coefficient of Correlation of the data

Course Outcomes :
On completion of this course, the student will be able to :
CO-1 Find the solutions of first and second order PDE
CO-2 Find solutions of heat equations, wave equations and subject to the initial boundary
conditions
CO-3 To Find Discrete Random Variables and continuous Random Variables and
understand their Properties
CO-4 Solve Probability distributions , Normal evaluation of statistical Parameters
CO-5 To find the empirical relations for curve fitting, least square and correlations,
regressions

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 3 2 2 1 1 1 - - 1 - - 2 - -
CO2 3 2 1 2 2 2 - - 1 - - 2 - -
CO3 3 2 2 3 2 2 - - 1 - - 2 - -
CO4 3 2 1 1 1 2 - - 1 - - 2 - -
CO5 3 2 2 3 1 2 - - 1 - - 2 - -
Correlation rating: Low / Medium / High: 1 / 2 / 3 respectively.

UNIT – I
Definition of Partial Differential Equations, First order partial differential equations, Solutions of first
order linear PDEs , Solution to homogenous and non-homogenous linear partial differential equations of
second order by complimentary function and particular integral method.
UNIT – II
Second-order linear equations and their classification, Initial and boundary conditions, Heat diffusion and
vibration problems, Separation of variables method to Solve simple problems in Cartesian coordinates.

UNIT – III
Discrete random variables, expectation of discrete random variables, moments, variance of a sum,
continuous random variables & their properties.

UNIT – IV
Probability distributions: Binomial, Poisson and Normal, evaluation of statistical parameters for these
three distributions,

UNIT – V
Curve fitting by the method of least squares: fitting of straight lines, second degree parabolas and more
general curves, Correlation, regression and rank correlation.

Suggested Readings

1 R. K. Jain & S.R.K Iyengar, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Narosa Publications,


4th Edition 2014.
2 Erwin Kreyszi, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley, 9th Edition, 2012.
3 B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publications, 43rd Edition, 2014.
4 S. Ross, “A First Course in Probability”, Pearson Education India, 2002
5 B.V . Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, 23rd reprint, 2015.
6 S.C Gupta & Kapoor: Fundamentals of Mathematical statistics, Sultan
chand &sons, New Delhi.
7 H.K. Dass, Er. Rajnish Varma, higher Engineering Mathematics, S.Chand Technical
3rd Edition.
PC301 CE SURVEYING AND GEOMATICS

Pre-requisites L T P C
3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives :

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Understand the basic measurement techniques and equipment used in chain and compass
surveying and analysis of field data including applicable corrections.
2. Understand and interpret the basic concepts of plane table surveying and levelling surveying by
using different types of levelling equipment and analysis of field data including applicable
corrections.
3. Acquire knowledge on use of Theodolite with compass and chain measurements and analysis of
field data including applicable error corrections including Triangulation and Tri-lateration
methods.
4. Acquire knowledge on methods of setting data horizontal and vertical curves including
measurements, methods employed and computation of curves setting-data.
5. Acquire the knowledge on working principles of various modern field Surveying equipment
such as Total Station, EDM and GPS including the filed methods applicable for land surveying

Course Outcomes :
On completion of this course, the student will be able to :
CO-1 Apply basic land-surveying principles related to chain and compass with other tools and analyze
filed data related to linear and angular measurements including applicable error corrections.
CO-2 Apply the principles of plane table surveying to mapping onsite and levelling surveying to
determine reduced levels and analyze these filed data with applicable error corrections and
finally prepare contour maps.
CO-3 Interpret the principles of measurement of horizontal and vertical angles with Theodolite for
traverse measurements and solving inaccessible object measurements with applicable
trigonometric, Triangulation and Tri-lateration techniques.
CO-4 Apply the principles of surveying and compute the parameters required for setting out of
horizontal curves and also apply concepts of transition curves and vertical curves.
CO-5 Interpret the principles of measurements made by using various modern surveying equipment
such as Total Station, EDM and GPS and apply methods of measurements related to land
surveying.
Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:
PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
CO2 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1
CO3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1
CO4 3 2 1 1
CO5 3 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1
Correlation rating: Low / Medium / High: 1 / 2 / 3 respectively.
UNIT I
Introduction and Basic Concepts: Introduction, Objectives, classification and principles of
surveying, Conventional symbols, Surveying accessories. Measurement of Distances and
Directions- Linear distances- Approximate methods, Direct Methods- Chains- Tapes, ranging,
Chain Corrections - Tape corrections.
Prismatic Compass- Bearings, included angles, Free Needle Method, Fast Needle Method, Dip,
Magnetic Declination, Local Attraction and corrections.

UNIT II
Introduction to Plane Table surveying: Principles, Instruments used, Basic principle and methods
of surveying, Two Point Problem, Three Point Problem and errors in plane table surveying.
Introduction to Levelling surveying: Principles of levelling- Instruments used - reducing levels;
differential, Height of Instrument method and Rise & Fall methods, reciprocal leveling, Digital
and Auto Level, contouring: Characteristics, uses; areas and volumes.

UNIT III
Theodolite Surveying: Types of Theodolites, Fundamental Lines, temporary adjustments,
measurement of horizontal angle by repetition method and reiteration method, measurement of
vertical Angle, Trigonometrical leveling - Base is accessible and inaccessible with al cases.
Triangulation and Trilateration: Theodolite survey: Instruments, Measurement of Horizontal and
vertical angle; - methods -triangulation - network- Signals. Baseline - choices - instruments and
accessories - Satellite station - reduction to centre.

UNIT IV
Curves Elements of simple and compound curves: Two centered and three centered compound
curves – Method of setting out of simple circular and compound curves. Transition curve ––
Elements of transition curve and Vertical curves –Grades, Types and Length of Vertical Curves.

UNIT V
Modern Field Survey Systems: Principle of Electronic Distance Measurement, Modulation,
Types of EDM instruments, Distomat, Total Station – Parts of a Total Station – Accessories –
Advantages and Applications, Field Procedure for total station survey, Errors in Total Station
Survey; Global Positioning Systems- Segments, GPS measurements, Surveying with GPS.
Suggested Reading:
Madhu, N, Sathikumar, R and Satheesh Gobi, Advanced Surveying: Total Station, GIS and
1.
Remote Sensing, Pearson India, 2006.
2. Manoj, K. Arora and Badjatia, Geomatics Engineering, Nem Chand & Bros, 2011
3. Bhavikatti, S.S., Surveying and Levelling, Vol. I and II, I.K. International, 2010
4. Chandra, A.M., Higher Surveying, Third Edition, New Age International (P) Limited, 2002.
5. Anji Reddy, M., Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, B.S. Publications, 2001
6 Arora, K.R., Surveying, Vol-I, II and III, Standard Book House, 2015.
PC302CE STRENGTH OF MATERIALS-I

Pre-requisites Basic Knowledge of Engg L T P C


Mechanics 3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40
Marks

Course Objectives :

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1 Understand the basic concept of the stress and strain for different materials.
2 Know the mechanism of development of shear force and bending moments in beams
3 Understand and analyze the stresses for the combined action of direct stress and shear
stress
4 Know the concept of bending stresses and shear stresses for different cross sections
5 Understand the concepts of direct and bending, and thick and thin cylinder and their
practical applications

Course Outcomes :
On completion of this course, the student will be able to :
CO-1 Apply the fundamental concepts of stress and strain in the design of various structural
components.
CO-2 Analyze principal stresses and principal planes through numerical and Mohr‟s circle
method
CO-3 Analysis of beams to determine shear forces, bending moments subjected to different
type of loads.
CO-4 Determine the bending stresses and shear stresses produced in a beam subjected to
system of loads
CO-5 Describe direct & bending concept; and analysis of thin and thick cylinders with their
practical applications

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 3 2 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO2 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO3 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO4 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO5 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1

Correlation rating: Low / Medium / High: 1 / 2 / 3 respectively.


UNIT I
Simple Stresses and Strains- Concept of stress and strain, St. Venant‟s principle, stress and strain
diagram, Elasticity and plasticity – Types of stresses and strains, Hooke‟s law – stress – strain
diagram for mild steel – Working stress – Factor of safety – Lateral strain, Poisson‟s ratio and
volumetric strain – Elastic moduli and the relationship between them – Bars of varying section –
composite bars – Temperature stresses. Strain Energy – Resilience– Gradual, sudden, impact and
shock loadings – simple applications.

UNIT II
Compound Stresses and Strains- Two dimensional system, stress at a point on a plane, principal
stresses and principal planes, Mohr circle of stress, ellipse of stress and their applications. Two
dimensional stress-strain system, principal strains and principal axis of strain, circle of strain and
ellipse of strain

UNIT III
Bending moment and Shear Force Diagrams- Bending moment (BM) and shear force (SF)
diagrams.BM and SF diagrams for cantilevers simply supported and fixed beams with or without
over hangs. Calculation of maximum BM and SF and the point of contra flexure under
concentrated loads, uniformly distributed loads over the whole span or part of span, combination
of concentrated loads (two or three) and uniformly distributed loads, uniformly varying loads,
application of moments.

UNIT IV
Flexural Stresses-Theory of simple bending – Assumptions – Derivation of bending equation:
M/I = f/y = E/R - Neutral axis – Determination of bending stresses – Section modulus of
rectangular and circular sections (Solid and Hollow), I,T, Angle and Channel sections – Design
of simple beam sections.
Shear Stresses- Derivation of formula – Shear stress distribution across various beam sections
like rectangular, circular, triangular, I, T angle sections.

UNIT V
Direct and Bending: Basic concept , Eccentric loading, limit of eccentricity-Core of sections-
rectangular and circular, solid and hollow sections-wind pressure on chimneys and water
pressure on dams. Thin Cylinders - Derivation of formulae and calculations of hoop stress,
longitudinal stress in a cylinder. Thick Cylinders: Lame's equations, stresses under internal and
external fluid pressures- Compound cylinders- Shrink fit pressure
Suggested Reading:

1. Timoshenko, S. and Young, D. H., Elements of Strength of Materials, DVNC, New York,
USA,2003
2. Kazmi, S. M. A., Solid Mechanics ,TMH, Delhi, India,2017
3. Hibbeler, R. C. Mechanics of Materials. 6th ed. East Rutherford, NJ: Pearson,Prentice Hall,
2004
4. Crandall, S. H., N. C. Dahl, and T. J. Lardner. An Introduction to the Mechanics of Solids.
2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 1979
5. D.S. Prakash Rao, Strength of Materials- A Practical approach, Volume 1, Universities
Press,1999
6 Ferdinand P. Beer, E. Russel Jhonston Jr., John T. DEwolf , Mechanics of Materials -
TMH 2002.
7 R. Subramanian ,Strength of Materials, Oxford University Press, New Delhi,2016
PC 303CE FLUID MECHANICS-I

Pre-requisites Mathematical Knowledge L T P C


3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives :

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Understand concepts of various fluid properties
2. Understand the basic concepts of fluid motion
3. Knowledge of forces due to fluids and energy principles
4. Study of flow measurement devices
5. Study of compressible fluid flows for different conditions of expansion

Course Outcomes :
On completion of this course, the student will be able to :
CO-1 Analyze and solve problems in the applications of basic principles in Fluid Mechanics
CO-2 Apply of the concepts of Bernoulli‟s equation to Fluid mechanics related problems
CO-3 Formulate and Fabricate Hydraulic Engineering experiments, interpret and analyze the
data
CO-4 Analyze and solve problems related to flow through pipes from practitioners point of
view
CO-5 Analyze, design and solve problems pertaining to compressible flows.

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 2 2 2 1 1 2
CO2 2 2 2 1 2
CO3 2 2 2 2 2
CO4 2 2 2 2 1 2 1
CO5 2 2 2 2 2
Correlation rating: Low / Medium / High: 1 / 2 / 3 respectively.

UNIT – I:
Fluid Properties: Basic concepts: Specific weight, specific volume, specific mass, gravity, viscosity,
bulk modulus, vapour pressure, capillarity and surface tension, viscosity-Newton‟s law of viscosity,
Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids, classification of fluids-ideal and real.
UNIT – II:
Fluid Kinematics: Fundamentals of fluid flow-description of flow pattern, stream lines, path lines,
streak lines, stream tubes, classification of fluids, steady and unsteady flows, laminar and turbulent
flows, uniform and non-unsteady flows, rotational and irrotational flows, laminar and turbulent flows,
uniform and non- uniform flow, one, two and three dimensional flows, stream function, and velocity
potential function, flow net- significance and use.

UNIT – III:
Fluid Statics: Fluid pressure at a point, variation of pressure in a fluid, measurement of pressure -
simple and differential manometers.
Fluid Dynamics: Convective and local acceleration, concept of continuity, three- dimensional
continuity equation, body forces and surface forces, body force potential, Euler‟s equation of motion
for 3-D flow, Bernoulli‟s equation by integration of Euler‟s equation, significance of Bernoulli‟s
equation and its limitations, applications of Bernoulli‟s equation- venturimeter, Pitot tube. Impulse-
momentum equation and its applications- forces on a pipe bend.

UNIT – IV:
Flow Through Pipes: Introduction, types of flows-laminar and turbulent, Reynolds experiment,
Darcy-Weisbach equation, and steady laminar flow through circular pipes- Hagen-Poiseuille‟s
equation, hydro-dynamically smooth and rough boundaries- criteria and resistance to flow of fluid in
smooth and rough boundaries, variation of friction factor.

UNIT – V: Compressible Flow: Compressibility of liquids and gases, differential form of continuity
equation, Bernoulli‟s energy equation for isothermal and adiabatic conditions, velocity of pressure wave,
wave velocity for adiabatic and isothermal conditions, Mach Number and Mach cone, stagnation pressure
and temperature.

Suggested Reading:

1. K.Subramanya, „Theory and Applications of Fluid Mechanics‟, Tata


McGraw-HillPublishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 1993
2. Vijay Gupta and Santosh K. Gupta, „Fluid Mechanics and its applications‟, Wiley
Eastern Ltd., New Delhi,1984
3. K.L. Kumar, „Engineering Fluid Mechanics‟, Eurasia Publishing
House Pvt Ltd.,New Delhi, 2009
4. Valentine, H.R., „Applied Hydrodynamics‟, Butterworths & Co Ltd., London,
1959
5. P.N. Modi and S.M.Seth, „Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics‟, Standard Book
House, New Delhi, 2013
PC304CE CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

Pre-requisites Building Materials and Construction L T P C


3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60Marks CIE 40Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Understand the characteristics and behavior of the concrete
2. Describe design aspects of mix design using different methods
3. Study the importance of admixtures in concrete
4. Understand the shrinkage and creep mechanisms, curing and durability of concrete
5. Study the importance of special concretes

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Learn hydration of cement and tests on properties of cement and aggregates.
CO-2 Comprehend the properties and testing of concrete in fresh and hardened state.
CO-3 Knowing the shrinkage and creep mechanisms and durability of concrete.
CO-4 Design concrete mixes by various methods.
CO-5 Familiarize with the types of admixtures, and applications of special concretes
CO-PO Articulation Matrix
PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 3 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 - 1
CO2 3 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 - 1
CO3 3 2 1 - - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 - 1
CO4 3 2 1 - - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 - 1
CO5 3 1 1 - - - 1 1 - 1 - 2 - 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High:1/2/3respectively.
UNIT I
Constituents of Concrete:
Cement: Types of cements and their composition- manufacture of Portland cement- hydration of
cement and hydration product, Structure of hydrated cement-heat of hydration, Gel theories, tests
on properties of cements.
Aggregate: Classification of aggregates, particle shape and texture, bond strength of aggregates and
its influence on strength of concrete, porosity, absorption and moisture content and their inf1uence,
soundness of aggregate, alkali aggregate reaction, sieve analysis and grading of aggregate, tests on
properties of aggregates.
Properties of Fresh Concrete: Mixing and batching, workability, factors effecting workability,
various test procedures, segregation and bleeding, vibration of concrete, types of vibrators and their
influence on composition, analysis of fresh concrete.
UNIT II
Admixtures used in Concrete: Classification of admixtures. Chemical and mineral admixtures-
Influence of various admixtures on properties of concrete. Admixtures used in preparation of self-
compacting concrete. Applications, concept of ready mix concrete, fly ash concrete – properties and
proportion of fly ash, applications, silica fume, rice husk ash concrete.

UNIT III
Mix Design of Concrete: A basic consideration, process of mix design, factors influencing mix
proportions-mix design by ACI method and IS 10262-2019 method, design of high strength
concrete, quality control, various methods of mix design, IS code method, British and ACI methods.

UNIT IV
Properties of Hardened Concrete: Strength of concrete as per IS: 516-1959, water cement ratio, Gel
space ratio, effective water in the mix, short term and long term properties of concrete, test and
procedure, influence of various parameters on strength of concrete, relationship between various
mechanical strengths of concrete, curing of concrete, maturity concept, influence of temperature on
strength of concrete, stress-strain curves for concrete. Long term properties - Shrinkage and
temperature effects - creep of concrete - durability of concrete -permeability of concrete as per IS:
3085 - 1965 - Corrosion - Causes and effects - remedial measures- Thermal properties of concrete -
Micro cracking of concrete.

UNIT V
Special Concrete: High strength concrete, ferro cement mass concrete, light weight concrete, high
density concrete, poly-polymer modified concrete, pre-stressed concrete, self- consolidating
concrete, cellular concrete, nano concrete, recycled aggregate concrete, geo polymer concrete, their
specialties and applications, Fiber reinforced concrete: Need for fiber reinforced concrete (FRC),
Mechanism of FRC, types of Fibers, Fiber shotcrete.

Suggested Reading:

1. Mehta, P.K. and Paulo, J. M. M., Concrete Microstructure-properties and Material,


McGraw-Hill Publishers, 2014 .
2. Neville, A.M. and Brooks, J.J. Concrete Technology, Pearson Education Ltd.,India,
New Delhi, 2019
3. Shetty, M.S, Concrete Technology, Theory & Practice, S.Chand and Co. Pvt., Ltd,2018.
4. Krishna Raju, N., Design of concrete mix, CBS Publishers, 2017.
5. Gambhir, M.L, Concrete Technology, Tata McGraw Hill, 2013.
6. Santha Kumar, A.R., Concrete Technology Oxford University press,New Delhi,
2018
7. Remedios, A.P., Concrete Mix Design hand book, Himalya PublishingHouse,
Hyderabad,2017
PC305CE CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND
MANAGEMENT

Pre-requisites L T P C
3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60Marks CIE 40Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student :


1. To Describe different techniques of construction management projects
2. To Illustrate economics, resource allocation & basic concepts of optimization for
construction projects
3. To Understand the basics of MIS techniques and works measurement standards.
4. To introduce the concepts of safety and safety engineering practices for construction
management projects
5. To comprehend the preparation of contracts and its laws

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Propensity to plan and schedule various phases in construction industry
CO-2 Ability to optimize the cost and construction time of various projects
CO-3 Application of MIS and work measurement techniques to cater for construction
industry needs.
CO-4 Acquaintance with various safety measures and safety management practices
CO-5 Capability to manage and provide viable solutions for various construction projects

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 1 1 - 2 - 1 3 3 1 1 - 1 1 1
CO2 1 1 2 3 3 2 3 3 - 2 1 1 1 1
CO3 2 3 3 3 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 1
CO4 1 - 1 1 - 3 2 2 - 1 2 2 - -
CO5 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 - 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High : 1/2/3 respectively.

UNIT I
Basics of Construction: Features of construction, Construction project planning - Stages of project
planning, Construction Schedule, work break-down structure.
Development of management techniques, Bar charts, Gantt charts, CPM, PERT techniques, and
Network analysis example
UNIT II
Cost analysis: Cost reduction in construction management. Cost time analysis, Crashing the
Network. Resource allocation and levelling: Various allocation methods, economical manner of
resource allocation. Optimization: application of LP for solving simple networks

UNIT III
Construction management: Nature and purpose of construction management, Principles of
construction management, functions and responsibilities of construction manager, application of
MIS to construction.
Method study Definition, Objective, and Procedure for selecting the work, recording facts,
symbols and flow process charts. Time study - Concept of standard time and various allowances,
time study, equipment performance rating

UNIT IV
Safety Engineering: Basic construction safety regulations, Safety program, Construction accidents
and causes, Direct and Indirect loss due to accident. Location hazards and elimination, Safety in
demolition of buildings, Safety in storage and handling of materials and equipments.

UNIT V
Contracts Management – Basics, Importance of contracts, Types of Contracts, parties to a contract,
PPP document. Construction Equipment basics: Conventional construction methods Vs
Mechanized methods and advantages of latter; Equipment for Earthmoving, Dewatering; Concrete
mixing, transporting & placing; Cranes, Hoists and other equipment for lifting; Equipment for
transportation of materials.

Suggested Reading:
1. Robert L. Peurifoy and William B. Ledbetter, Construction Planning, equipment, and
methods, McGraw-Hill International Editions, New Delhi, 1985
2. Punmia, B.C., Khandelwal, K.K., Project Planning with PERT and CPM, Laxmi
Publications, 2016.
3. Mahesh Varma, Construction Equipment and its Planning and Application,
Metropolitan Book Company Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 1994.
4. H. N. Ahuja, Construction performance control by networks, John willey & sons, New
York, 1976.
5. Frank Harris and Ronald Mc. Caffer, Modern Construction Management. Blook well
science L1d, 2001.
6. Punmia, B C, Ashok K Jain and Arun K Jain. Building Construction, Eleventh Edition,
Laxmi Publications Ltd, New Delhi, 2016
7. Arora, S P, and S P Bindra. A textbook of Building construction. Fifth Edition, New
Delhi, Dhanpatrai publications, 2010.
PC351CE SURVEYING LABORATORY

Pre-requisites L T P C
- - 2 1
Evaluation SEE 50 Marks CIE 25Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student


1. Know the importance of Theodolite, total station and their practical applications
2. Study the basic concept of trigonometrical leveling, and field applications
3. Analyze the horizontal and vertical curves for survey work related to Roads andRailways
4 Know the principles of aerial photogrametry and its applications
5 Study the various concepts of GPS, GIS and remote sensing for field work.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Understand the basic working principles of theodolite and total station
CO-2 Calculation of applicable corrections to the measured values
CO-3 Computation of omitted measurements areas
CO-4 Computation of setting out data for setting out of horizontal and vertical curves by
various methods
CO-5 Learn various applications of the Photogrammetry, GIS and GPS for land surveying

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 2 2 1 3 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 - 1
CO2 3 2 - 1 2 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 -
CO3 2 2 - 1 2 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 -
CO4 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2
CO5 2 2 - 3 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High:1/2/3respectively.
List of Experiments:
1. Applications of traversing to locate a building and field objects by taking perpendicular
and oblique offsets; and recording in the field book.
2. To determine the area of the given site by cross staff survey
3. Closed traverse by chain and compass, plotting and adjustment by graphical method
4. Plane tabling: Radiation and intersection methods
5. Introduction to leveling: Fly leveling using dumpy level
6. Measurement of horizontal angles by repetition and reiteration methods using Vernier
Theodolite.
7. Measurement of vertical angle: Application to simple problems of height and distance
by measuring angle of elevation and depression
8. Single plane method: Determination of R.L. of an elevated Object using two Instrument
Stations which are placed in a same vertical plane- when base of the Object inaccessible.
9. Two plane method: Determination of R.L. of an elevated Object using two Instrument
Stations which are not placed in the same vertical plane- when base of the Object
inaccessible.
10. Setting out of a simple circular curve by linear method
11. Setting out of a simple circular curve by angular method
12. Setting out of a transition curve by linear method
13. Introduction to Total station and applications: To determine difference in elevation of
any two given points. The introduction includes, setting up of the Total station over a
station, input values, field measurements, downloading of the data in to a computer.
14. Total station and applications: Application to simple problems of height and distance
by measuring angle of elevation and depression and determination of R.L of the target
object.
15. Total station and applications: Determination of area enclosed in a closed traverse
having minimum 5 stations. Plot the measured values by using a software package.
16. Geographic Position System (GPS),Geographical Information system(GIS) and their
applications: Determination of Latitude and Longitude of any four stations and
computation of the area. Check trust worthiness of the measured results.
PC352CE FLUID MECHANICS LAB-I

Pre-requisites L T P C
- - 2 1
Evaluation SEE 50 Marks CIE 25Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student


1. Calibration of flow measuring devices
2. Verification of the Bernoulli‟s theorem
3. Demonstration of the various losses in pipes

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Ability to measure flow in closed conduits and flumes
CO-2 Application of Bernoulli‟s principle in Hydraulics
CO-3 Computation of various losses in pipes and pipe fittings
CO-4 Carry out to experiments independently and conduct investigations
CO-5 Develop oral and written communication and function as team person

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 2 2 1 2 1 - 1 1 2 2 - 1 1 1
CO2 2 2 2 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO3 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO4 - 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 - 1 2 1
CO5 - - 1 - - - - 2 3 3 - - - -
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High:1/2/3respectively.

List of Experiments:

1. Determination of Cd and Cv of an orifice

2. Calibration of a mouth piece

3. Determination of Cd of a mouth piece for unsteady flow in a hemi-spherical tank

4. Calibration of a rectangular notch


5. Calibration of a triangular notch

6. Calibration of a broad crested weir

7. Verification of Bernoulli‟s principle

8. Determination of types of flows

9. Determination of major and minor losses in the pipes

10. Calibration of a Venturimeter

DEMONSTRATION OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Measurement of Water hammer pressure

2. Free and Forced Vortex flow


PC353CE CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY LAB

Pre- Concrete Technology L T P C


requisites - - 2 1
Evaluation SEE 50 Marks CIE 25Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Determine behavior of materials through physical tests.
2. Infer suitability of materials in construction.
3. Able to prepare concrete as per the standards

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 To determine the properties of constituents of concrete
CO-2 Design and prepare concrete mix using Indian Standard method.
CO-3 To identify the fresh and hardened properties of concrete.
CO-4 Assess characteristic of concrete using Non- destructive testing methods.
CO-5 To correlate experimental results between non destruction and destruction method.

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO2 2 2 2 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO3 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO4 2 2 - 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1
CO5 2 2 - 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3respectively.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. (a) Determination of Specific gravity of cement


(b) Determination of unit weight / bulk density of cement
2. Determination of normal consistency of cement
3. (a) Determination of initial setting time of cement
4. Determination of final setting time of cement
5. (a) Preparation of mortar cubes for compressive strength
(b) Tests on mortar cubes for compressive strength
6. Fineness of cement by sieving and by air permeability method
7. (a) Determination of specific gravity of fine aggregate
(b) Determination of bulk density of fine aggregate
8. (a) Determination of specific gravity of coarse aggregate
(b) Determination of bulk density of coarse aggregate
9. Tests on bulking of sand
(a) Laboratory method (b) Field method
10. Determination of fineness modulus of fine aggregate
11. Determination of fineness modulus of coarse aggregate
12. Test son workability of concrete
(a) Slump (b) Compaction factor
13. Tests on hardened concrete (a) Compressive strength (b) Flexural strength
14. Non-destructive testing of concrete structures demonstration of rebound hammer, UPV system,
profometer corrosion meter and IR method

References:
1. IS 12269-2013, “Ordinary Portland Cement, 53 Grade Specifications”, Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi
2. IS: 2386 (Part III, 1963)(R2016), “Methods of Tests for Aggregates for Concrete”,
Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
3. IS: 383-2016, “Specification for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources for
Concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
4. IS: 10262-2009, “Concrete Mix Proportioning – Guidelines”, Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi
5. IS: 1199-2018 (Part IV), “Fresh Concrete- Methods of Testing, Sampling and Analysis
”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
6. IS: 516-1959, “Methods of Tests for Strength of Concrete”, Bureau of Indian Standards,
New Delhi
7. IS 13311(Part1& 2):1992, “Nondestructive testing of concrete-Methods of test”,
Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION
B.E. (CIVIL ENGINEERING) Applicable w.e.f. 2023-24
BE IV – Semester

PC401CE STRENGTH OF MATERIALS-II

Pre-requisites Basic Knowledge of Engg L T P C


Mechanics 3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40
Marks

Course Objectives :

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Study the basic concepts of deflections by using various methods and to
predict the deformations of a member subjected to various loads and its
combination.
2. Differentiate statically determinate and indeterminate structures and to
analyze members by applying the principles of equilibrium and compatibility in
deformation.
3. Understand the concepts of strain energy principle and its applications to
beams a n d f r a m e s .
4 Study the nature of stresses developed in shafts, springs, columns for various
types of simple loads.
5 Learn the importance of unsymmetrical bending and shear center for equilibrium
conditions in a structural member having different axis of symmetry.

Course Outcomes :
On completion of this course, the student will be able to :
CO-1 To calculate the deflections of a member due to various loads and its
combinations.
CO-2 Analyze statically indeterminate structural members.
CO-3 Apply the concepts of strain energy to evaluate the deflections in beams and
analyse statically indeterminate truss.
CO-4 Analyze the stresses developed in shafts, springs, columns for various types of
simple loads.
CO-5 To determine unsymmetrical bending and locate the shear center for the structural
member having different axis of symmetry.
Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO2 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO3 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO4 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
CO5 3 1 - - 1 - - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1

Correlation rating: Low / Medium / High: 1 / 2 / 3 respectively.

UNIT – I
Deflection: Slope and deflection by double integration method for cantilever, simply supported
beams and overhanging beams carrying one, two point loads, u.d.l. and uniformly varying load
over entire span. Moment area and conjugate beam method
Propped Cantilevers: Cantilever beams on elastic and rigid props for point loads and UDL
only. Calculation of reactions, B.M. and S.F. diagrams, and deflections.

UNIT – II
Fixed Beams: Determination of shear force, ·)ending moment slope and deflection in fixed
beams with and without sinking of supports for (i) point loads (ii) u.d.l. (iii)uniformly varying load
over entire span.
Continuous Beams: Determination of moments in continuous beams with and without sinking of
supports by theorem of three moments, S.F. and B.M. diagrams
Column Analogy Method: Application to fixed beams- analogous column- stiffness and carryover
factors
UNIT – III
Strain Energy: Resilience of beams - Deflections from resilience - Castigliano Theorem - I and its
application to beams- Reciprocal theorem. Static indeterminacy and kinematic indeterminacy of
structures, Deflections of statically determinate trusses and frames using unit load method.
Redundant trusses and frames: Castigliano Theorem - II - Analysis of plane trusses with one
degree of redundancy (internal / external) and plane frames with one degree of redundancy, Lack of fit
and temperature effect.
UNIT – IV
Torsion and Springs- Derivation of torsion equation and its assumptions. Applications of the equation
of the hollow and solid circular shafts, torsional rigidity, Combined torsion and bending of circular
shafts, principal stress and maximum shear stresses under combined loading of bending and torsion.
Analysis of close-coiled-helical springs.
Columns and Struts: Euler's theory for long columns- different end conditions- equivalent length-
Rankine's theory. Eccentrically loaded columns- Secant and Perry's formulae.

UNIT – V
Unsymmetrical bending of beams: Location of neural axis, maximum stresses for rectangular
section .Symmetric channel section.
Shear Centre: Shear stress, shear flow, locating shear center for angle section channel section and
T- section, with one axis of symmetry.
Suggested Reading:

1. D.S. Prakash Rao, Strength of Materials - A practical Approach, Universities


Press,1999.
2. S.B. Junarkar, Mechanics of Structures (Vol. 1 &2), Charotar Publishing
House Anand,1992.
3. R.K. Rajput, Strength of Materials, S. Chand & Co., 2003.
4. B.C. Punmia, Strength of Materials and Theory of Structures, Laxmi
Publishers,Delhi, 2000.
5. G.H. Ryder, Strength of Materials, Third Edition in SI units, Macmillan
IndianLimited, Delhi, 2002.
6 A. Pytel and F. L. Singer, Strength of Materials, Harper & Row, Fourth
Edition, NewYork, 1987.
7 T.D.Gunneswara Rao and M.Andal ,Strength of Materials, Cambridge Publishers.
PC 402CE DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Pre-requisites Strength of Materials L T P C


3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Note: All relevant latest IS codes necessary for this course may be referred (i.e. IS 456-2000 etc.)

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Know the IS code provisions for working stress design of beams.
2. Understand limit state of collapse design for flexure, shear and torsion, and limit state
of serviceability.
3. Learn limit state of collapse and serviceability design of slabs and dog-legged
staircases.
4. Study limits state of collapse design of columns without and with bending.
5. Learn limit state of collapse design of isolated and combined footings.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Solve design of beams using working stress method.
CO-2 Answer design of beams using limit state method.
CO-3 Work out design of slabs and dog-legged staircases using limit state method.
CO-4 Evaluate design of columns using limit state method.
CO-5 Design isolated and combined footings using limit state method.

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3
CO2 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3
CO3 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3
CO4 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3
CO5 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3 respectively

UNIT - I
Design Philosophies: Development of design philosophies, Working stress method, Ultimate load
method, and Limit state method, Concepts, Characteristic loads and strengths, Partial safety factors,
Stress-strain relationship for concrete and steel, Stress block parameters.
Working Stress Method: Design of RCC beams, Balanced, under-reinforced and over-reinforced
sections, Design of singly and doubly reinforced rectangular, T and L beam sections.
UNIT - II
Limit State of Collapse in Flexure: Assumptions, Design for flexure - Singly and doubly
reinforced rectangular, T and L beam sections.
Limit State of Collapse in Shear, Bond and Torsion: Design of beam for shear, bond and torsion.
Limit State of Serviceability: Check for deflection and cracking.

UNIT - III
Design of Slabs (Limit State Method): Design of one way and two way slabs - Simply supported
and continuous slabs subjected to uniformly distributed loads, Detailing of reinforcement, Check for
serviceability of slabs.
Design of Staircases (Limit State Method): Types of stairs, Effective span, Distribution of loading
on stairs, Design and detailing of dog-legged staircases.

UNIT - IV
Design of Columns (Limit State Method): Assumptions, Design of axially loaded circular,
square and rectangular columns, Design of columns with uni-axial and bi-axial bending, interaction
diagrams.

UNIT - V
Design of Footings (Limit State Method): Design of isolated footings of uniform depth and
sloped footings, Design of square, rectangular and circular footings as per IS code, Design of
combined rectangular slab footing, Combined rectangular beam and slab footing for two columns.

Suggested Reading:

1 Robert Paul and Thomas Paulay, Reinforced Concrete Structures, John Wiley &
Sons, 1974.
2 Punmia B.C., Jain A.K. and Jain A.K., RCC Designs, Laxmi Publications, 2006
Krishna Raju N. and Pranesh R.N., Reinforced Concrete Design, New Age
3 International Pvt. Ltd., 2003.
Varghese P.C., Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete, Prentice Hall of India
4 Pvt. Ltd., 2002.
Varghese P.C., Design of Reinforced Concrete Foundations, Prentice Hall of India
5 Pvt. Ltd., 2009.
D.S. Prakash Rao, Design Principles and Detailing of Concrete Structures, Tata
6 McGraw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., 1995.
PC 403CE FLUID MECHANICS-II

Pre-requisites Fluid Mechanics -I L T P C


3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Understand the boundary layer theory, concept of drag, lift of streamlinedbodies
2. Understand the basics of dimensional analysis and development of non-dimensional
equations
3. To understand the basic principles of the hydraulic turbines, pumps and their hydraulic
design.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Ability to solve open channel flow problems through the selection and use of
appropriate Equations
CO-2 Knowledge of Boundary layer thickness and applications of Drag and lift onsome
case studies
CO-3 Ability to perform dimensional analysis for problems in fluid mechanics anddevelop
model studies.
CO-4 Understanding of basics of the hydro-machinery and the components, functionsand use
of different types of turbines and pumps.
CO-5 Able to prepare the characteristic curves and Assimilation of turbine/pump laws and
constants for the hydraulic design

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - 1 - - 1 1
CO2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 - - 1 - - 1 1
CO3 3 3 1 2 1 - 1 1 1 - - 1 2 1
CO4 3 3 1 2 1 - 1 1 1 - - 1 2 1
CO5 3 3 1 2 1 - 1 1 1 - - 1 2 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3 respectively

UNIT – I
Steady uniform flow through open channels: Descriptions and definitions, difference between pipe
flow and channel flow, velocity and pressure distributions in a channel cross-section, energy and
momentum correction coefficients, friction to flow in open channels, uniform flow, Manning and
Chezy formulae, most efficient channel sections, specific energy, concept and applications of critical
depth. Gradually varied flow:
Significance of Froude number, dynamic equation of gradually varied flow, classification of gradually
varied flow profiles

UNIT – II
Boundary layer: Definition, laminar and turbulent boundary layers, boundary layer thickness,
displacement thickness, momentum thickness, and energy thickness, hydro- dynamically smooth and
rough boundaries, and boundary layer separation.
Drag and Lift: fundamental concepts of drag and lift forces, drag on a sphere, cylinder, flat plate, and
airfoil.

UNIT – III
Dimension analysis and model studies: Dimensional analysis and a tool in experimental hydraulics,
Buckingham‟s Pie theorem, applications, geometric, kinematic and dynamic similarity, similarity
laws, significance of Reynolds, Froude and Mach similarity laws, different types of models and their
scale ratios.

UNIT – IV
Hydraulic turbines: Classification, specific speed, velocity triangles, power developed, efficiencies,
principles of design of impulse and reaction turbines, turbine laws and constants, characteristic
curves, selection of turbines.

UNIT – V
Centrifugal pumps: Components, work done and efficiency, minimum starting speed, Euler head
equation, specific speed and characteristic curves of centrifugal pump, pumps in series and parallel.

Suggested Reading:

K. Som, and Biswas, G, „Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines‟, Tata McGraw-Hil
1 Publishing Co.,New Delhi, 1998
2. Yuan, S. W., „Foundation of Fluid Mechanics‟, Prentice-Hall India Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi, 1976.
3. C.S.P. Ojha, R.Berndtsson, P.N. Chandramouli, „Fluid Mechanics
& Machinery‟, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2010
4. A.K.Mohanty, „Fluid Mechanics‟, Prentice-Hall India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,1994.
5. Subrahmanya , K, Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines Tata McGraw-Hill
Publishing Co., New Delhi, 2001
PC 404CE HYDROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT

Pre-requisites Fluid Mechanics -I L T P C


3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Understanding the importance of Hydrology and its applications
2. Introduction to Hydrological processes and estimation of Design flood
3. Basic concepts and assessment of groundwater flows
4 Applications of statistical models in Hydrology

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Compute mean Rainfall, Develop Intensity-Duration-Duration curves
CO-2 Estimate Design flood for Water Resources structures
CO-3 Compute drawdown and yield in aquifers
CO-4 Apply Principles of probability to hydrological problems and develop Rainfall – Runoff
relationship
CO-5 Analyze the soil-water-plant relationship

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 1
CO2 2 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 2
CO3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2
CO4 3 2 3 2 2 1 2 2 3
CO5 2 2 2 1 1 2 2
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3 respectively

UNIT – I
General: Definition, relation to engineering design, hydrological cycle, importance of hydrology and its
application in engineering.
Rainfall: Definition, types of rainfall, measurement of rain fall, types of rain gauges, network design,
presentation of precipitation data, mean aerial rainfall; thiessen polygon, isohyetal methods., depth-
area- duration curve, dependable rainfall.
Infiltration: Evaporation, transpiration-definitions and processes.

UNIT – II
Runoff: Definition, runoff process, factors affecting runoff, determination of runoff, importance of
stream gauging, runoff formulae and runoff tables, dependable yield of a basin.
Floods: Definition, causes, importance of flood studies, flood peak and flood hydrograph, methods of
computing flood peak, empirical methods, rational formula, unit hydrograph method, flood frequency
studies, Weibul‟s and Gumble‟s extreme value methods.

UNIT – III
Ground water: Types of aquifers, aquifer parameters, specific yield, storage coefficient, coefficients
of permeability and transmissivity, Darcy‟s law, types of well, steady radial flow to wells in confined
and unconfined aquifers, yield of open wells, safe yield, constant level pumping test and recuperation
test.

UNIT – IV
Statistics in Hydrology: Introduction, Statistical parameters; central tendency parameters, dispersion
characteristics, Skewness., probability distribution; discrete and continuous distribution., frequency
analysis; log Pearson type III distribution., regression and correlation; standard forms of bivariate
equations., multivariate linear regression and correlation., analysis of time series., selection of a design
return period, determination of permissible risk.

UNIT – V
Irrigation: Definition, necessity of irrigation, types of irrigation, advantages and ill- effects of
irrigation.
Soil-water-plant relationship: Vertical distribution of soil moisture, soil moisture tension, soil
moisture stress, soil moisture constants, plant water relationship, moisture stress and plant response,
consumptive use, crop factor, duty, factors affecting duty, types of crops and their water requirements,
crop rotation.

Suggested Reading:

1. K. Subramanya, Engineering Hydrology, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co.Ltd.1996.


2. H.M. Raghunath, Hydrology – Principles, Analysis and Design, New Age
International Publishers, 1996.
3. Michael, A.M, Irrigation Theory & Practice, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi,
1978
4. Ray K.Linsley, Jr, Max A. Kohler, Joseph L.H.Paulhus, Hydrology for Engineers,
McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1980
5. Ven Te Chow, Hand book of Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill Book Company,
New York, 1964
PC 401 CE ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

Pre-requisites L T P C
3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Study and identify different types natural materials like rocks & minerals and soil.
2. know the physical properties of rocks & minerals
3. Understand the various natural dynamic processes their influence on the surficial
features, natural material and their consequences.
4. Know the importance of geological maps and language helpful for Civil Engineering
projects.
5. Gain knowledge of various geological processes influencing the stability and
maintenance of civil structures

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 appreciate the importance of geological science in Civil Engineering applications
CO-2 evaluate geological aspects influencing the stability of Civil structures
CO-3 select appropriate construction material and methods of site investigation
CO-4 understand the significance of geological aspects in designing and planning
CO-5 learn about the suitability of geological strata and areas for specific infrastructure
projects

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 2 1 1 1 - 1 2 1 - 1 - 2 - -
CO2 2 2 2 2 - 2 2 1 1 1 - 2 - -
CO3 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 - 2 - -
CO4 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 - 2 - -
CO5 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 - 2 - -
Correlation rating: Low / Medium / High: 1 / 2 / 3 respectively.

UNIT I: Geology and Civil Engineering


Introduction: Definition of engineering geology, role and tasks of an Engineering Geologist. Various
branches of geology and their applications in Civil Engineering.
Basic Reviews of the Earth: Earth‟s origin. History of the Earth: Geological time scale, origin and
evolution of life. Major geological formations of India, their distribution, and associated construction
material.
Geological Hazards: Internal structure of the Earth. Plate tectonics and mountain building process.
Geological aspects of Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Landslides. Brief on failure of some Civil
Engineering constructions due to geological drawbacks.

UNIT II : Minerals and Rocks


Mineralogy: Minerals and their classification, Determinative properties of minerals, common rock-
forming minerals.
Petrology: Types of rocks, their origin, distribution, and classification. Rock Cycle.
Distinguishing features of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
Geological description and Indian occurrence of Granite, Basalt, Dolerite, Gabbro, Laterite,
Sandstone Shale, Limestone Slate, Gneiss, Quartzite, Marble, Khondalite and Chamockite.
Rock Mechanics: Engineering properties of rocks. Stress - Strain behavior of rocks under uniaxial
compression.

UNIT III: Structural and Morphological Aspects


Primary and Secondary Structure: Physical features of the earth surface.
Elementary knowledge of rock deformation and structural characteristics of deformed rocks: Folds-
definition and associated terminology and classification. Fractures & Joints- definition and
classification; Faults-mechanism of formation, elements, terminology, geometric and genetic
classification
Strike and Dip: Attitude of strata, strike, true and apparent dip.
Geomorphology: Evolution, characteristics features and engineering considerations of Fluviatile,
Aeolian, Glacial and Marine landforms.

UNIT IV: Site Investigation


Weathering and soil formation: Weathering of rocks – controls and scale. Soil forming processes.
Soils of India.
Surface and Subsurface Investigation: Remote Sensing for civil engineering applications.
Geophysical methods of site investigation – Seismic and electrical resistivity for subsurface
investigations.
Hydrogeology: Ground water, Water table, common types of ground water, springs, cone of
depression, geological controls of ground water movement, ground water exploration.

UNIT V: Application of Geological Site Investigation


Geology of Dams and Reservoirs: Types of Dams, Problems associated with dam foundations and
reservoirs. Geological investigations for a dam site. Analysis of dam failure. Geology of major dam
sites of India.
Tunnels: Geological investigations of tunnels in rock. Stand - up time of different rocks. Problems in
tunneling. Pay line and over break. Logging of tunnels. Geology of some well-known Indian tunnels.
Rock as a Construction Material: Geological considerations for the selection of concrete aggregate,
highway and runway aggregates. Building stones, Decorative stones, Roofing and facing stones.
Building stones of India.
Suggested Reading:

1. NC Kesavulu. Textbook of Engineering Geology. Macmillan Publishers India Limited.


Edition 2009.
2. P. C. Varghese. Engineering Geology For Civil Engineers. PHI Learning. Edition 2011.
3. C. Gribble, and A. McLean. Geology for Civil Engineers. CRC Press. Edition 2017.
4. Parbin Singh. A Textbook of Engineering and General Geology. S.K. Kataria & Sons.
Edition 2008.
5. Gokhale K V G K. Principles of Engineering Geology. BS Publications. Edition 2008
6. B.S. Sathya, Narayana swami. Engineering Geology. Dhanpat Rai Publishing Co Pvt.
Ltd.
PE 401CE AIR AND NOISE POLLUTION

Pre-requisites L T P C
3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Study the sources and effects of air pollution on various components of biosphere
2. Plan strategies to control, reduce and monitor Air Pollution
3. Conversant with basics of Noise and Air quality standards
4

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Ability to classify and understand the sources and effects of Air Pollutants
CO-2 Competence to collect and analyze air pollutants
CO-3 Application of the basic models of Air quality to the regions of interest.
CO-4 Understanding the pollution control mechanisms using classical methods
CO-5 Ability to comprehend the basics of Noise pollution and its effects

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 2 2 1 1 - 1 2 - 1 - - 1 2 1
CO2 2 2 1 1 - 1 2 - 1 - - 1 2 1
CO3 2 2 1 1 - 1 2 - 1 - - 1 2 1
CO4 2 2 1 1 - 1 2 - 1 - - 1 2 1
CO5 2 2 1 1 - 1 2 - 1 - - 1 2 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3 respectively

UNIT-I
Sources and Effects of Air Pollutants: Sources, classification, combustion processes and pollutant
emission, effects on health, vegetation, materials and atmosphere, reactions of pollutants in the
atmosphere and their effects – Smoke, smog.
UNIT – II
Sampling and Analysis: Air sampling and pollution measurement methods, principles and instruments,
Ambient air quality and emission standards, Air pollution indices.
Indoor Air Quality Management: Sources, types and control of indoor air pollutants.

UNIT – III
Air Quality Models: micrometeorological processes, wind rose diagram, dispersion, coefficients and
stability classes, Gaussian and dispersion model, stack height computation, regional air quality models,
source inventories and significance.

UNIT-IV
Concepts of Pollution Control: Particulate emission control - settling chambers, cyclone separation,
Wet collectors, scrubbing, fabric filters, electrostatic precipitators, selection criteria for equipment,
Removal of gaseous pollutants by adsorption, absorption, reaction and other methods.

UNIT-V
Noise pollution: Basics of acoustics and specification of sound; sound power, sound intensity and
sound pressure levels; plane, point and line sources, multiple sources; outdoor and indoor noise
propagation; psychoacoustics and noise criteria, effects of noise on health, annoyance rating schemes.
Suggested Reading:

1. Rao M.N., and Rao H. V. N., Air Pollution Control, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1996.
2. Anjaneyulu, D., Air Pollution and Control Technologies, Allied Publishers, Mumbai, 2002.
3. Rao, C.S. Environmental Pollution Control Engineering, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi,
1996.
4. Peavy S.W., Rowe D.R. and Tchobanoglous G. Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill,
New Delhi, 1985.
5. B.C. Punmia. Arun Kumar Jain & Ashok Kumar Jain “Waste Water Engineering (Including
Air Pollution)” M/S Laxmi Publishers, 2011.

6 M. Anji Reddy, “Environmental Impact Assessment Theory and Practice” BS Publications,


Hyderabad, 2017.
PE 402CE GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES

Pre-requisites L T P C
3 - - 3
Evaluation SEE 60 Marks CIE 40 Marks

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Description about various spatial and non-spatial data types, and data base management
techniques.
2. Development of the concepts and professional skills in utility of geospatial techniques.
3. Enhancement of knowledge of geospatial techniques to field problems.
4

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Get acquire on basics of geographical information systems, projections and coordinate
systems
CO-2 Understand the geospatial technology relating to the data acquiring, management and
processing that is associated with geographic locations
CO-3 Generated data used for different type of modeling and analysis.
CO-4 Apply the concept of GIS to the Civil Engineering problems
CO-5 Give an idea about remotes sensing, IRS satellites and applications the concept of
Remote Sensing to the Civil Engineering problems

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3
CO2 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3
CO3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3
CO4 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3
CO5 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3 respectively

UNIT I Introduction: Basic concepts, socio economic challenges, fundamentals of geographical


information systems (GIS), history of geographical information system, components of geographical
information systems.
Projections and Coordinate Systems: Map definitions, representations of point, line, polygon, common
coordinate system, geographic coordinate system, map projections, transformations, and map analysis.
UNIT II
Data Acquisition and Data Management: Data types, spatial, non spatial (attribute) data, data structure and
database management, data format, vector and raster data representation, object structural model filters and
files data in computer, key board entry, manual digitizing, scanner, aerial photographic data, remotely
sensed data, digital data, cartographic database, digital elevation data, data compression, data storage and
maintenance, data quality and standards, precision, accuracy, error and data uncertainty. Data Processing:
Geometric errors and corrections, types of systematic and nonsystematic errors, radiometric errors and
corrections, internal and external errors.

UNIT III
Data Modeling: Spatial data analysis, data retrieval query, simple analysis, recode overlay, vector data
model, raster data model, digital elevation model, cost and path analysis, knowledge based system.
GIS Analysis and Functions: Organizing data for analysis, analysis function, maintenance and analysis of
spatial data, buffer analysis, overlay analysis, transformations, conflation, edge matching and editing,
maintenance and analysis of spatial and non spatial data

UNIT IV
Applications of GIS: Environmental and natural resource management, soil and water resources,
agriculture, land use planning, geology and municipal applications, urban planning and project
management, GIS for decision making under uncertainty, software scenario functions, standard GIS
packages, introduction to Global Positioning Systems (GPS) and its applications.

UNIT V
Introduction to Remote Sensing: General background of remote sensing technology, objectives and
limitations of remote sensing, electro-magnetic radiation, characteristics, interaction with earth surface and
atmosphere, remote sensing platforms and sensors, satellite characteristics, digital image processing, IRS
series and high resolution satellites, software scenario functions, remote sensing applications to watershed
modeling, environmental modeling, urban planning and management.

Suggested Reading:

1. Burrough, P. A., and McDonnell R. A. (1998), „Principles of Geographical Information


Systems‟, Oxford University Press, New York
2. Choudhury S., Chakrabarti, D., and Choudhury S. (2009), „An Introduction to Geographic
Information Technology‟, I.K. International Publishing House (P) Ltd, New Delhi
3. Kang-tsung Chang. (2006), „Introduction to Geographical information Systems‟, Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., Third Edition, New Delhi
4. Lilys and T.M., and Kiefer R.W. (2002), „Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation‟, John
Wiley and Sons, Fourth Edition, New York
5. Sabins F.F. Jr. (1978), „Remote Sensing Principles and Interpretations‟, W.H. Freeman and
Company, San Francisco
6 Tor Bernhardsen. (2002), „Geographical Information System‟, Wiley India (P) Ltd., Third
Edition, New Delhi
7 Hoffman-Wellenh of, B, et al. (1997), „GPS Theory and Practice‟, Fourth Edition, Springer
Wein, New York.
LABORATORY COURSES

PC451CE TESTING MATERIALS LAB

Pre-requisites Strength of Materials L T P C


- - 2 1
Evaluation SEE 50 Marks CIE 25Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Understand the experiments on various materials to assess their behavior
and limitations
2. Learn the brittle and ductile material failure patterns
3. Understand the shear force, bending moment and deflection for different
types ofbeams
4. Know the rigidity modulus by conducting spring and torsion test

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Evaluate Young„s modulus, rigidity modulus, hardness number, flexural rigidity
and impact strength of given specimens
CO-2 Find the cracking stress and compressive strength of bricks
CO-3 Determine the stiffness of close coiled helical springs
CO-4 Find the deflection of a beam
CO-5 Evaluate torsion phenomenon of shaft

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO2 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO3 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO4 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
CO5 2 2 - 3 2 - 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High:1/2/3respectively.
Cycle - I

1. Tension –I Uni-Axial tension test on a specimen of ductile material


2. Tension II Stress-Strain characteristics of a ductile material
3. Brinell‟s hardness test
4. Compressive strength test on bricks
5. Bending test on simply supported beam of timber

Cycle - II

6. Torsion test on a specimen of ductile material


7. Compression test on close coiled helical spring
8. Bending test on simply supported beam of steel
9. Bending test on fixed beam of steel
10. Izod impact test

Suggested reading

1 IS 1608:2005, “Metallic Materials-Tensile testing at ambient temperature”, Bureau of


Indian Standards, New Delhi
2 IS 1500:2005, “ Method for Brinnel Hardness test for metallic materials”, Bureau of
Indian Standards, New Delhi
3 IS 1597-1977,”Method for Izod impact test of metals”, Bureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi
PC 452 CE FLUID MECHANICS LAB-II

Pre-requisites Fluid Mechanics L T P C


- - 2 1
Evaluation SEE 50 Marks CIE 25Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student


1. Practical applications of open and curved channels
2. Application of force concepts on jets and hydraulic machines
3. Determination of characteristic curves of turbines and pumps

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Competence in understanding flow phenomenon in open channels
CO-2 Ability to analyze the force acting due to jets concept and it‟s application in
hydraulic machines.
CO-3 Competence in working principles of hydraulic pumps and turbines
CO-4 Ability to develop the characteristic curves for turbines and pumps
CO-5 Develop oral and written communication and function as team person,

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1
2
CO1 3 2 - 2 1 - - 1 2 3 - 1 2 1
CO2 3 2 - 2 1 - - 1 2 3 - 1 2 2
CO3 3 2 - 2 1 - - 1 2 3 - 1 2 2
CO4 3 2 - 2 1 - - 1 2 3 - 1 2 2
CO5 - - 1 - - - - 2 3 3 - - - -
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High:1/2/3respectively.

List of Experiments:
1. Determination of roughness coefficient in an open channel
2. Determination of a vane coefficient
3. Study of universal characteristic curves of a Pelton wheel
4. Study of universal characteristic curves of a Francis turbine
5. Determination of super elevation in an open channel
6. Determination of basic characteristics of a hydraulic jump
7. Verification of Froude‟s Model law in an open channel
8. Determination of critical slope of an open channel
9. Study of main characteristic curves of a Centrifugal pump
10. Study of universal characteristic curves of a Kaplan turbine
PC 453 CE ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
LABORATORY

Pre-requisites Fluid Mechanics L T P C


- - 2 1
Evaluation SEE 50 Marks CIE 25Marks

Course Objectives:

The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student


1. Identify and describe the physical and engineering characteristics of different typesof
rocks.
2. Establish the ground conditions with different site investigation methods i.e. aerial
photographic study and VES.
3. Study the geological, geotechnical, geomorphological and hydro geological maps of
India.
4. Study the foundation geological maps of the case histories (major dams andtunnels) of
the India.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Identify and classify various types of rocks
CO-2 Identify the structural form of rocks
CO-3 Determine unconfined compressive strengths of rocks

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:

PSO
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 2
CO1 2 1 1 1 - - 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 1
CO2 2 1 1 1 2 - 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 1
CO3 2 1 1 2 1 - 1 - 1 1 - 1 1 1
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High:1/2/3respectively.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Identification and description of physical properties of Minerals


2. Identification and description of geological and geotechnical characteristics of rocks; IS
Code: 1123 (1975).
3. Determination of apparent specific gravity, porosity and water absorption of different rocks;
IS Code: 1124 (1974) ,
a) Study of structural models (folds, faults and unconformities) and
4. Measurement of strike and dip of planar features by clinometers compass.
5. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) - a field experiment to determine depth to water table
and bedrock.
6. Seismic refraction survey to determine depth to bedrock (demonstration only).
a) Determination of unconfined compressive strength of intact rocks.
7. Study of topographic maps.
8. Stereoscopic examination of aerial photographs pertaining to landforms, vegetation and
water bodies.
9. Study of geological maps of Andhra Pradesh, Teleangana and India with reference to
occurrence of building stones.
10. Study of (a) Geotechnical Map of India and (b) Geomorphological Map of India.
11. Study of Hydro geological Maps of Andhra Pradesh and India.
12. Study of Foundation Geological Maps and sections pertaining to the major dam sites of
India.
Note: At least 10 experiments are to be conducted
ES 661 CE SURVEY CAMP

Pre-requisites L T P C
- - 2 0
Evaluation SEE CIE

Course Objectives:
The course is taught with the objectives of enabling the student to:
1. Know the importance of Theodolite, Total station and their practicalapplications
2. Analyze the horizontal and vertical curves for survey work related to Buildings
3. Study the various applications of GPS, GIS and remote sensing for field work.

Course Outcomes:
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
CO-1 Understand use Total station to calculate linear measurements of structures
CO-2 Apply corrections to the measured values
CO-3 Ability to Compute omitted measurements and areas

Articulation matrix of Course outcomes with PO‟s:


PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 2 2 2 2 2 2 - 1 1 2 - 1 2 2
CO2 2 2 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - 2 1
CO3 2 2 1 - 1 1 - - - - - - 2 1
CO4
CO5
Correlation rating: Low/ Medium/High: 1/2/3 respectively

The students will be given basic training of handling various survey instruments including the
Total stations. The students are given certain tasks on all the instruments and equipments to solve
the real practical problems in the vicinity of campus which enables them to learn and apply to the
real life survey problems.

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