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    Eyuel Tesfaye 0014 (Socket Programming)

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    Eyuel Tesfaye

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    Eyuel Tesfaye 0014 (Socket Programming)

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    Eyuel Tesfaye
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    Eyuel Tesfaye 0014 (Socket programming) (1)

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    5 views10 pages

    Eyuel Tesfaye 0014 (Socket Programming)

    Uploaded by

    Eyuel Tesfaye

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

    Institute of Technology (IOT)

    Individual assignment - Python Socket Programming

    NAME ID

    Eyuel Tesfaye MEECER/ 0014/11

    Submitted To: Mr .Bahailu


    Python Socket Programming

    1. Introduction
    Socket programming in Python is a powerful way to establish network connections and enable
    communication between different nodes. Socket programming is essential for building network
    applications, enabling communication between computers over a network. Python's socket library
    provides a convenient and flexible way to work with sockets for various network-related tasks.

    2. Socket Basics

    2.1 Creating a Socket

    The first step in socket programming is creating a socket object. The socket() function is used for
    this purpose, specifying the address family and socket type. For example, to create a TCP socket
    for IPv4:

    import socket

    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    2.2 Binding and Addressing

    Once you have a socket object, it needs to be bound to an address and port using the bind()
    method. This associates the socket with a specific network interface and port number.

    s.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8000))

    3. Server Socket

    3.1 Listening for Connections


    In server socket programming, you need to listen for incoming connections using the listen()
    method. This specifies the maximum number of queued connections that can be handled.

    s.listen(5)

    3.2 Accepting Connections

    When a client attempts to connect, you can accept the incoming connection using the accept()
    method. This returns a new socket object representing the connection and the client's address.

    conn, addr = s.accept()

    4. Client Socket

    4.1 Connecting to a Server

    For client socket programming, you need to establish a connection to a server using the connect()
    method, specifying the server's address and port.

    s.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8000))

    4.2 Sending and Receiving Data

    Once connected, you can use the socket to send and receive data. The send() method is used to
    send data, and recv() is used to receive data.

     # Sending data

    s.send(b'Hello, world!')

     Receiving data

    data = s.recv(1024)

    5. Error Handling

    Effective error handling is crucial in socket programming. Be prepared to handle exceptions like
    socket.error, socket.timeout, and ConnectionRefusedError. Robust error handling ensures your
    application gracefully handles unexpected issues.
    6. Concurrency

    To handle multiple connections simultaneously, consider using concurrency techniques like multi-
    threading or asynchronous programming with libraries such as asyncio. Concurrency is crucial for
    building scalable network applications.

    7. Socket Options

    Socket options allow you to configure various aspects of socket behavior. You can customize
    settings such as socket timeout and socket reuse using methods like settimeout() and setsockopt().

    8. Debugging Tools

    Debugging tools and techniques are essential for troubleshooting socket-related issues. Tools like
    Wireshark can help analyze network traffic, and standard debugging practices can aid in
    diagnosing and resolving communication problems.

    9. Sample Code

    Here’s a sample code that simulates a basic chat application. The server will broadcast messages
    from one client to all connected clients.

    Server Code (broadcast chat messages):

    import socket

    import threading

    # Server configuration

    server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    server.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8080))
    server.listen(5)

    # List to store connected clients

    clients = []

    # Broadcast function to send messages to all clients

    def broadcast(message, client_socket):

    for client in clients:

    if client != client_socket:

    try:

    client.send(message)

    except:

    # Remove disconnected clients

    clients.remove(client)

    # Handle client connections

    def handle_client(client_socket):

    while True:

    try:

    message = client_socket.recv(1024)

    if message:

    print(f"Received: {message.decode()}")

    broadcast(message, client_socket)

    except:

    # Remove disconnected clients

    clients.remove(client_socket)
    client_socket.close()

    break

    # Accept and handle client connections

    while True:

    client_socket, client_address = server.accept()

    print(f"Connected to {client_address}")

    clients.append(client_socket)

    client_handler = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(client_socket,))

    client_handler.start()

    Client Code (chat client):

    import socket

    import threading

    # Client configuration

    client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    client.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080)

    # Receive and display messages

    def receive_messages():

    while True:

    try:
    message = client.recv(1024)

    if message:

    print(message.decode())

    except:

    client.close()

    break

    # Send messages

    def send_messages():

    while True:

    message = input()

    client.send(message.encode())

    # Create threads for receiving and sending messages

    receive_thread = threading.Thread(target=receive_messages)

    send_thread = threading.Thread(target=send_messages)

    receive_thread.start()

    send_thread.start()

    The output of the chat application might look like:

    Server: Connected to ('127.0.0.1', 56789)

    Client 1: Connected to server.

    Client 2: Connected to server.


    (Client 1 enters "")

    Server: Received: Hello

    Client 2: Hello

    (Client 2 enters "Hi")

    Server: Received: Hi

    Client 1: Hi

    Server Output
    Client 1

    Client 2
    10. Closing Sockets

    When you're finished with a socket, it's essential to close it using the close() method. This releases
    associated resources and ensures proper cleanup.

    11. References

    1. Python Socket Library Documentation


    2. Python Official Website
    3. Beej's Guide to Network Programming
    4. Wireshark - Network Protocol Analyzer

    In conclusion, socket programming in Python is a versatile and powerful tool for various network
    communication needs. Whether you're developing network services, real-time chat applications,
    or efficient data transfer services, Python's socket library offers a robust foundation for building
    network applications. Python's simplicity and flexibility make it a popular choice for networking,
    and with the right approach, you can create efficient and reliable solutions for a wide range of
    network-related tasks.

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