24v Solenoid PWM Control - Using Arduino - General Electronics - Arduino Forum
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24V Solenoid PWM Control
Using Arduino General Electronics
May 2020
1 / 15
May 2020
May 2021
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #1
Hi, I am new to electronics. Please help me with the circuit. What is the best solution: FET/MOSFET, Optocoupler (my solution - image attached) or Opto+FET? I am
lost. In my opinion only the opto would be good enough. Am I right?
Eduardo
created last reply 14 3.4k 5
May 2020 May 2021 replies views users
6v6gt May 2020 post #2
What is the current rating of that solenoid ? Post link to it.
Can you explain why, in this application, you a using PWM rather that either fully switching the solenoid off or fully switching it on ?
MarkT May 2020 post #3
Most solenoids would be 0.1 to 10 amps kind of range, opto isolator good for maybe 10mA or so - you need
a MOSFET to switch most solenoids.
The diode has to go across just the solenoid winding, or it'll do nothing useful.
Google for "arduino relay driver" or similar to find circuits, the obvious choice is low-side switching
with a logic-level n-channel MOSFET, or an NPN darlington.
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #4
Hi. The solenoid is 1 Amp. I will use it to control a hydraulic motor and cylinders, so I need PWM to put more or less speed, as well as pressure on the cylinders, by
allowing the right fluid flow.
Paul_KD7HB Karma: 1700+ May 2020 post #5
eduardo_inglez:
Hi. The solenoid is 1 Amp. I will use it to control a hydraulic motor and cylinders, so I need PWM to put more or less speed, as well as pressure on the cylinders,
by allowing the right fluid flow.
How quickly can your design operate under load? I bet not more than 10 times per second. And your solenoid had better be able to handle the heat generated.
Paul
Ron_Blain May 2020 post #6
OK, you have a solenoid with a 24 VDC coil and that coil draws 1 Amp. While not all but most general purpose hydraulic solenoids are either On or Off they are not
hydraulic proportional control valves. Valves like this usually use an input like 4 ~ 20 mA, 1 to 5 Volt or 2 to 10 Volt.
If I just wanted to control a standard solenoid with a 1 Amp coil I would likely just use a MOSFET along the lines of a FQP30N06L Logic Level MOSFET and that assumes I
were using a logic level to turn it on and off. Hydraulic fluid flow rate is also normally controlled using a 3 way bypass valve.
Finally in the case of hydraulics the control valves frequently use what is known as "dither" so you may want to look into that.
Ron
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #7
Hi Ron. Since I am driving it from arduino (MEGA), isn't is a good idea to use opto in
order to isolate 24V from fragile arduino?
Ron_Blain May 2020 post #8
eduardo_inglez:
Hi Ron. Since I am driving it from arduino (MEGA), isn't is a good idea to use opto in
order to isolate 24V from fragile arduino?
You can include and opto for isolation but the solenoid and Arduino are not driven by the same PSU. You will want to place a flyback diode across your solenoid. As
mentioned Opto Couplers are low current devices designed around driving a larger switching device like a MOSFET.
A Google of "controlling solenoids with Arduino" should bring up several workable ways and drawings.
Ron
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #9
Ron, the board will have a 24V supply from batteries. This 24V input will also be used to
supply 9V to arduino (voltage regulator).
Eduardo
Ron_Blain May 2020 post #10
Then I would make sure that good filtering was applied and add decoupling caps at the arduino like .1 uF and 10 uF. The grounds will all be common to each other but
you can use an opto coupler to turn On/Off a transistor driving your solenoid and a flyback diode across the solenoid coil to eliminate (or reduce) the inductive kick
from the solenoid coil as the field collapses when power is removed.
Ron
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #11
Tks Ron
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #12
So Ron, after all that exposed would you go for Opto+Mosfet or only mosfet? Is it
really necessary to isolate the circuit?
Ron_Blain May 2020 post #13
Personally since it all begins with the same supply I would use an opto coupler. It does add psrts but you want it to work and continue to work.
Ron
eduardo_inglez May 2020 post #14
Thanks one more time. I believe things are a bit clearer now.
12 months later
Closed
on May 5, 2021
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