——eS es x COU phe 4, UVOE7 oS Sina eq a and applicohons a. gale SOeSTe, ronange’s.t oven thjs mean value +theovern fon ation of diffevenfial equation gqivtion of exact and Yeducible +o exact fear & bernoplli's differenhal equations cain Newton's Low of cooling , Jaw of natal growth ¢, decoy orthogonal aj ectoviey tonhinous funchon °- og A quncion 4x) is saidto be tominous at a poid! aa Y right hand fmil cat x=@ is equal +o tef{ hand limit qza & equal to the atval valve x “the junchor Les It = (% . Bena Beets) > 4a) contin ity n_an \ntewal:- A funchon 4a) is said to be canhinny tn an “intetval a it fis continous at each point of 7 “Di Stontinuity at a Point» A qfunchon 4) ts said to be HinoWy’ at 1=a & any o} dhe following civ cumstan ty ned at x=c bid, gia, tt Flr) extol bit a we Inows at each point © alway» conhoows \} +) wal Cab) aexeb VG Intowal g, not converdy oelq: eye isa cominows junction of ” * yt is diecomhinow gt 1-0 go\es aheotem arabe = ay {His o Closed ntonva\~ jrrowal La. ) with ¢ A number % is Said to belongs 4o,+he [a 81 4, Ae 9 Corfnouwr ‘in ‘ 5d 1é Cab) if or ea . oy is diffeventible E 4lod= 4 Lo) then the’ exists ate a@2chyb Sud t Seri Closed \ntowual »- A number x is said tobe belongs to the (a4) Hey Gee 226 xe Lab) iJ asucb ue Ty eae one of +he eahohed AREN MO Be en) ae OP _Imtowal: proper KE Cab) i} asxeh ) ver4y sol\\e'o Aheove ra the wnrowal Ca, vppet& lott toou nds: " at een = ~e alets Suppose a fon con (x) is bounded in the range acaeb ha» the Propetty eG au) ae x€[aib} id )> U-E fox atleast! one valve ¢ %, In the range cleanly the quien dijerenble in & Hey: & byl where Edo is very Small quartity then Lis callid =o ocr ound g jf (*). yO!) = eo) ( Every coniinouwr function in closed intuwal is pe +C3)= Flo) 1 & ottains is bound . a \ : ie) is RTOS veive vahge iy dete, il the given june | By wiles ayneor byhak 4° Cc) +9 Now yor 2 ¢ V8 upper & lowe) bounds +hen’ thew ey “4 one ¥ In the Yange such that Fal 20 gi@ek tov atleast one **' iq the range 5 | wow 4 al . ee (ons ace ork. Oem: aie’ - is , red € eo 41S a funchon defined in the closed - fa: b] Woich Saisifies the jollasing praperkes & te tonhnow ‘mn closed interval Lo b} a P io is differenhble im open interur! (a,b) ee)? 4 Le) ae aherr Oists atleast one value x=¢ ‘inthe imbrval lal Aecgb Suth thal 4'(c)=0 ye ony one of the Conditions of rolle'stheoem axe not eatiohed then mo such Poitl ¢ exit problems : J vety rolle's theorem Jor the Junction $ tx): & wt aud ig the prvi (23,0), Fea = Brel abu w) cleanly the Gwen junction ‘1s continows In [-3,0] and | a in G3,0) es. te DOsay =0 $(0)= eto) (or3) on =O + $6): $10) Given function Salistie, the condition s 4 rolle's -thertem, th -y a atessya ous) a ety i . ath vast th pax = [ou 3- = ] ak f >qi-attat- 6=0 (i+a)(e-s)-d weg, wey Beast 63,0) a tee ¢ (3,0) ; cthere exists C=-a € (3,0) Such that 4{'L2) <9 and ~32-2<0 Hence volle's thervern is verified. 2) very roles 4heorem Joy the -funchion (x) = Sine jhe imowal CO), we tiven qonttion is FCl> =] cleanly the given junction 4 (+) » cominour in [on] ’ a difjorerbble in tom) Sint } | Sind Filo _ ow .2 (0) a. 4 (r)+ SOT 20,26 primer 4 (o)= 4 &) By Rolle’s ‘Theorem , there exists C €_(OiT) Such that $e now, '(u) - e* c0S% - Sint & er cosr- Sint en wD, f'(H =O +s (0s%- gin) =0 pe (05% —SiN1=0 (a #0) toni: \ pee co ST, , AL, -- Bier SAD: a hey in (0,1) C= Such that : en ime \ °° le'S theovem io uesified - wiThe qiven fonction Sahistie, the conditions eh volle's thes ; = yoy yolle’s the lg the \ooad £ ue genchon 4s j ceo phe a |e have av)- & gd = | ycoet a) 5 not dis Oe , condrmion " jo Zolle’s theot 3)" Lagrange man croteme Ty 3° e eahsf® the 4 tv is cwormhin Bayt ie dies | +tnen Thely exi d' (= jlo) +4 p- C By | | robles: J vewy lagxan9g basa. 6S | awen toncios | Ceaxly “the rthe not +00 vane SatisHied | eshte 20g’ Pont «cio see) Hay 2 Lv) me > 8S) ; a Since (4). sthen d'(ww SS es _ ON Bene tte cul t thes aed oor) Sas <1 (hun gunchon hey PCe\e lal in yg y =) See dearly the, Jon ees 1S. continu 0} pe erie): ma a a ~ nous In [-1,1] as Shon PAC ee =) x) > 40) 3) 15 not ditlex er 4 pyertole oF eerie alae condrnon a lis not eathofie a | folle’s theotem cannot be appied for the given enh A 0! ee men valve theovem: atokement ° BYIMis a gunchon defined in the ‘motel [2.6] gcahish® sthe following properties ki, $10) is wrtinovs jn [a,b] ws. 400 to difjeventble in (arb) Pethen they exists a point a eos Poi in Carb) Le, azcch sucht F@= b- a problerns : « lag tan jag ranges mean value theorem for fl)= at -FL+l0 ice qoncion 4 (a) = gc at 10 ly the given gundion is conhnows in [2.5] & dipjerentible in (as) 25 mean valve theoren Firot too condthon o} Lagrang Satisfied. Logrange> mepn valve “theoven rely existe Ly, Guth thal Tp (1b) Ve» 44° ae! fe) = Bulb) tle), = 3s) —0 ‘ ee u)-a lr) 410 ite A aoe saH° visas-4 a4 3 uc =r al uc > 4yc=14 c2=% +35 =) €73-5 € (25) aThere exists @ poimie= 35 E (as) Such that 'cy 4 1 FA£) Hence lagionge's mean valve theorem 5. Voth. her = - 7) ; 3 2p, >,22 (4) > Be uring Lagrange’s ream Vale theorem tet 4a) = cos'G) -then 11 -! 1) = we ae wow Suppae that f(0) is comhnow> in Closed interval [a & difjeentible in in (a 2 By lagrange's ; "Reorer cthere exist a point ¢ (ak such that gnGe) = aor 4 , where aeecd wah "i am) vine~in (a 00 — we have aec- c ee is aaa ba a (ia rect mz a (Bos"la) 1 [tomo] a o-a Vi-b* Heve 4(2)> = ashen 4 (x)= a2 y'Ce) = at 4lad=u Jia?——_ 1 Me ce) > PS")-coeray . —_Lerars | fra Jt bt Rea Oo bk | then ane gel - (4) > cos" (8)- tos (4) > Ue) Yok 2s mee > os) (2). T as fs ae 10s (4) SS ae ea (ea -3) mee. . toe (S% ‘ Pee see ee US) oe g | Hence Proved couchy's mean valve -theoven grokement = let 400) & 400 be too junchons defined Inthe interval (a:b) which sahopfe the jollowing Propetie, JO) E& gtr) ane cominow in [aib) 4 Fd & Gir) ane difjerethble in (ab), qis| AD ne (aby yen there exists a poiml ¢ € Carb) Such sthat PW , plod) t gic) = J.(b) = gla) problens » > verify tauchy's mean value theorem tor FO) & Gale Ahn. In (id) " ven funciion ane feed g Fee zag anly the tunchons 41) & glx) ane continow in Cur\ & > ann diyjorertible to, it) 4a) 40 % HE Ur) thy's mean valve theorem there exists an element Ga) Such that, 40) _ 16) -4 (a) a gcc) (4-0) pak) = 2° & go> aun ucrrns then g(x) > 827-4 ac 4 cc) =3c-4 es ala)= 23-4) =o U)) 2 Veet oe ‘, Jom © we have: he a 4 See ss ne 30-4 0-3) ac 7ac-lar 3c-ac-W=0 ee 24 Sqsus 2(2) ce at hse 6 cnet Se = f. ’ pope eeTT Weare a. i 3 s ae 2ts3 6 (12) -- There exist a point c= 1-53 € U2) Such that sey). 4 @)- +0) Ge) gt) - guy e” »gal= e* =phen -4'(x) ae te 3x) = ee sicey> e° lb we haw F is): Sa ec -¢ “Ze = a < : he» - ¢ 6° 260° = aaa oe at ee en _e3° = eee = arth Ce Cala at+bro0 there exists point c= 24> € (a,b) Such that Buccs 1 (8) -y la) qo) gb) - gla) ace, cauchy's mean Vv Giyetentrod equation» :- stot ernent * An equation ‘involved in oble> w-1-t one oY Move Independent 0 ol dijjerenhal equation alve theorem iS Verified - denivatives one ‘ov more depadet nial ler +5 vost tolled ee) LE: ; Mie ane 2 tuper of DE ) ordinary OE 4) partios. BE 5 gaid to be ordinary 4 denivahues in the e1'9 fe 279" Gisy x) dy + (ye2-ary) dr-0 na sol" Cs an ordinary O-€ Is ‘ ' . . 2 aiid Jo be foxtias ip deivsh¥O pik S deruotwa) have yejerence 40 2 ots OE PeGea fitic be of, order 9 Sythe enh a ovdet ot the derivative ; 4, eae eg (ea )-34 + oxy = 4% Order =) a yJ'- wo BO) Ye Oegnee P-&)- the deqiee 4 a DE ig the highest degree of the bey derivative which occw in He apfer the O-€ hav bet og fee from rvadivals & factions er for a» the derivative a, Consunned- a ads [iQ] a(t) [sayy] prden=a, degrec+z enera\ so\: ester’ / sod ok A sot" mien -the no- of” onbitary on equal +o the ovder o} “the D- fis spotted Ang npleke Primitive of the ear. is the US ys ee ot 20 Os Biren c, c oo et, constants. rt ordinary O-¢ }. obtained PY Gila, +..ln from a velaho ) =O Ov) cc @ physical proolem a————<—— lig me © condidet G(64H, OG, -.,tn)20—O 7 phere Cirtiy-+ +7 on ane anbrtany tonstants oreniating eq © Sucessively wet a heer ; pow, did} aliminating the 9 anbitary conmbarts Cy, Cr, 2° Gn | por whe above O41) eavahons | we obtoin the DE F(t.4,4..4,+-. )=0 | gts 4s ie given by the relahon 0 self iproslems mthe DE by eliminahng the arbitaxy constants 0.4 b ‘ \) 40 ag nis’ 24: ae be 4 a qiven equation is 1y-a* acttbe* 30 pow dif} oterhating OD wrt x ON BS,We get y+ ry ars ae be *-9® Again diferemhocing © w-r4 x 0 BS then yayls xy"-2= a8 4 be*- ay! + ay" 2 = ay-r* [¥ from 0] : Zy4.a(d-1) at xy=0 is the 1eq QE 4 ea 0 m the O-€ by eliminating the anbrtoxy constant Chom 2% fog (x) = cx equation is bog G4) = cr 3 diff evenhahing © &y-f hon BIS, we get dog (2) -2y'+Y-0 loth req Oo f 20Pee. fivst orden ee Ps. Yeal valued funcHory, Me IF exis 4 udyro 19 cald 4o be STS a function J} such ha} 4 dy, tid k chor feo te dor exactness - 4 M(x.y4) g N(x.Y) ate +00 veal valved junction, which have Continous partial devivatives then a mecerso,, fé Sufficient condifion Jor DE Hdx+wdy O° cto be et ay roe an exact O-E dince there Gig, thal 2h -ary 2d sp > ag »& ooking ile to Solve an exact DE: | rack O: step-1:. tet the given OF be Cs the form Hdutndy +o we check the condition Jor exactness ve, Bh De DT} exact then proceed +o Sep 2 step-a'-the 50! o} exact 0;£ con be obtolned av Oy) = J Mixyjdt + ) (aeuns independent 4) 4y ie inst % in NtLy) integral onthe PH'S the integration \s - aN OL sn the Fst formed wrt’ treating y a» 4 tonstart varioble nee the 44'S f exatt OE NlU¥)da +H (14) dy=0 is prob aw Bowe Ct et+ ay)-Sh + ye Lo piven eo" (yess + (res ay) dy-o Pas is 19. FF Jove fh rts) day wore yer on tan we wien On woe eS Ed gg Ca pe. e% a 22 "en {2 2 ° e| L the quer © & iS exack Bre. cee AND ot war + \ Nay =e yo) , won 4 ae ne) \y edn * \ o4ag ¢ yor ye, ft ws x 4e +4030 gle PSeCY dS + anton ot \ Gauen ea Con be written a x secy dy +@rany-t This \s in dhe Jom o Hee A= oaMtany- cos ¥ Jway C , whue cigCanbitoxy coutond ours, ndeperdad xin wiry) =] Fae carer ay Suseeey at. au uo Given OE! Si ws gd Hen Oo | Ja av + ess yet a Jer “any - (96x)daaa et ay)-Sh + yes o ysowe 0 a tan be writen a» yet)s + (xe + a4) dy +o Pris ate Jom BM (HY) das weny)dy=b We eu wad uve wore M> aor an 4 ye» | 4 ge a ens aye” Pots ote | oy OL he given O-£ iS exact ithe ae give Oe 'S Rat | Ndy = C wohere C19 t 19 ony anbitany (yo!) Jou indipedd | : inte lors tot \yertda + J a4dg c yao) es it 4 *y s aa ay 1 ! gerty © 20 ig sey Sf given Oe Byeowe Psecty i + ai tony = se - ea con be vovitten ars Me sec'y dy +(trony- (wor) dr= =) Ws. 10 the form of ic oda M= 34'-any- cost Nae soy L ome nse cy on ewan’ 9eCy pS ets omy, : exack Given OE is given DE ‘s Bea. + \N ay ee yes direst Foinw mesh i Pr euee ga oOstony = sinr=c This is yveq G'S of Given 0-€ | Solve ary dy - (t-ytatyde =O ) “the ghen ey can be wrifltn as } heytayar- ary dy 0 | which is in the Jorn of Hide 4 ody > 0 oP pi He ateytay . Ne -aty on aa. tha. 4 a ae oH. ap >) wh The given Or& 15 exact the US Jor given OF '9 a Wd + Jedy me Yor wt deur independet f+ ion Vfat-gta) da “ Jtordy a we -yatt=c sthis is the veq Gd Jo given DE integrating teal 2h ae whidh 1S, nor exact suitable junction thers u(y) Ys called an F-F ars ——E— Boa epic oe t a) d [t)- 284 j} u) dle’) - % 8) 4 Han'tx))- %) g (dag (ahsy") nd (S) a eniel| «eroth Ply ede en 3Y + Hear - Hp ayror © 4 qris ! q «he fon, iar t aso u Mi 4" Ww, 4 * WwW ‘ ot 5 py 1 ’ x tod Beh te Cc - b> rhi qeq, 49,4, 6% 4 the 2° F fp quen f € \ , a pote: ty os ane also c's & above 22 O 7 ia te tt b Thu we note that an euvaode even if it ex jis nok unave Methods +° Jind TF ‘ Method- 1.710 J 4 F-F Of mdzt weq=e pt r eee ; Ny dizy)- +644 ydx «) 3{ toa] = Sg pl GRRE Ee arm : : - aes ES ( a\)\ y dr 249 ple 4 , 6) d | 404 (a) i ‘ 3) 6 (2): ady- ydt ae [ ae 3) a (4on' i) a et seed ‘ u) 6") sige tod ( Jo. ws) MG x dy- yd a) 3 \/4 J§ 7 Blton'tb))- Et ; (dog ot’) se: di+ ydy) aye [5]- etd e°8d g| Froblexres '} Solve adu+ ydy -rdy- yde aoe Given equation rdut Ydy- —0 4 (*3*) =d Haney) Codom @ 6 ) : toinlae Bow integnating On BS we get ‘ dy yx ate | Loe | oy stan (4) wv C, This is the ieq Sol” g ea © y Solve ylty + e%) di-(ek +y>)dy Given equation Y (arty te“) dx -@* ty? )dy avy! de tye'dx -e"dy - y2dy=0 Now dividing with y* on 6 5 S avai + 6 : . got ~ dy- YdySo au di—ydy + Yeh etdy ; L =O gy ai'de-y dy +d (4) -0 Now intéqrahrg on BS . We get a x pods - Jydy + 4 (4) 2¢ Ji J | This is the 1eq Sd of given Ca 2) Solve xy - yde=ay' da Given eq is ady-yda = 1y"q, vide the @ With y*on.6s, ae get < dy Ye Ve Adt - Ydr-17d g tdri-d (3)=° Re “ingeqraling on B'S XL L oe + See ) ‘xy at gy so a This the 1eq BOlhon of given equation qnetnod 2°To Find a yyydr an A Mas ty pened FO THEY ns oben > ae Bese * 4 ig Tyde \n the * a- GBay Liven ea qhio io Here MEY \ Thi Here We Can ok joe & aloo H1- | —t ; Bue |} which 1s of where ant ee x BE 2aSthode2o JINd an FD, & a d : n ae p bats i. ; cee 1a m(a0¥) eee! TAF Sees pea sans aaa Pre °° NEY LE NYy ea ‘ Die ae Pobre yan- \ eolve aryde- (e+y°) dy =O Yuen ea, is FHS ~ (ate ye)dy so — qe ie in the gon of rida + Nay 39 | ere MEY er: ae « 4. oY ep ay FOr this Io aot aw mae yere we can obsowe that the given eq, ip a homogenenits Beals Hue NY ees Tu i ee — 0 Rie een Se ae | -1 isan FF 40 , Peay” OU pat dit emu? t ; dys0i—> © iphich 1s of the Jom Hides eee i ayy? Nu whore =, = ci ea O is exact ae 4 ea © 1S rdx + J dy ea ees, edbpodel gato pees sie 2 oi 4 4og\y) =Cc _ eat { que eas a is the 13) ove yYda +ar-xy-y") dy =o uiven eq, is Yodrs (a'-ty P)dy-0 ~sfp This is o) the Jo Ndi4 Wdyeo where = yt Neway yt aoe BY avy | aye aN, aD is Ea an exact ere the quer eA 15 a homogeneow de & | waa ny = aha by ~ yy ye vy-y wthe TF is aby eg wutny ” mrs yy pow muthely With .?-F on as y CAO We get et te yt Ytta “ge dy 0 ss aye + y's! = ne dy <0 ry* ‘ i aod G meyy)cuee which 18 of the Jom midat Nidy -o ye y aay 2a! Fl Ca a © dealer Je me Tey ENS 2H! oy a ea © is an exact, “the WS F eq Q is J Midna \ridy o¢ your Jon elt J ahr os J payee“pes \" F y \ sap dx + dogy + ¢ . aaa ' 1 a y\e\- pt ay ee | = — eye ane a. 34 (LH) stogyc hod 3 TORN an TF of Mdx+ Nady =0 af the Ndx+Ndy =o ts Of the Jorm yf (xy)dx+ x gla) y-0 § ME+Ny +0 then 2, isan Df gq Wduyndy ove Y(t ytd) dv4a(r-2¥y!) aye ° mien ev iS y (rtyutsa\ di ra b-2 1) dy 5 YO which 16 q foim dy +NdY4 where ‘ ) Hey (Yytra ' We OR ye) pe. r j xy" SY 4 o - a -é6%u em 3 3N my, ys 22a 0 '9 not on exact BOs f the form yf ly tag MY) dy=o where (1-4) = eyrey , gluy) = aay” Bey = zy ee avy’) : py hia a -2xy 4 ary? “ary with P.F on BS gq e20, we get ide oat (2-204) dy = 0 i . the form Bie wane avy") dy =o Ue q =D 4 aan i - il te Nis “Hy ; Say| at = an } ey ae -.22®@ is exact ; the Gs F&O © [wars Jusy = ¢ y a hn, es am a 5 40g \x\ £5 (3) - & boy ps Ft logy =U ly the aye 45 [ 40a" - bogy - 1] - Cis the ‘yea sol F Gite e 2)) Sohe (ry sinx+ Goceay)) ydr + (xy Siny~ cosry) dy =o | Given eq Gu sinry+osey ) ydx + (zysinay- (oszy)t dy=0 ~D | Mohe + ody =O where = (xy Sin Cosy) , Ne 1 (xy SintyCosry) -_ ary Sinry 4ay” wsey (w) +cosxy +Y (-sinty) a ~ ary dinty 4 2y*C0s ry + wsry - 7YSinry 3 Ly SINAY ay cosxy + Wossy a > gry Sinu + VY 'COSry - Cosry + ry gin ty Bry sinxy +rty'cosiy - Losey th aN “at =.eq, ® 1S not an exact ; O is of te form y ery) dus giryddy =o & ny = tye sinyy + 2y wsity ytsiney 4+ xy os > gary costy ‘ Pees Bay ey nul ply, with T+ on BS to CAD we ge! —_—(fe 2 a SS a at 2Y Wosty dy = aa a an 1 da + dt eter 4 \ dy =o which is \¢ + the form Hyda +N iady =o } whee My a stonxy ah dn Se samy ty ; yo oe x : = ry thee mt , aoe is (ranty Sec oe frareyteer ay \ - +Hany: cecay 35 ayy, 2et a lo exatt | ea O | rdr> jody =e | che us 4 eo ™ foes ee do tn yorery a \igtonmy - 2, dy = . A tog seons\ + Jog\x\ + Sdogtseomy| - = foguyl = bans 1S tre 169 8S 1 given eq tog | =g~ asec 7Y Ps bog ¢, ee Blek w hind oy ns *) V-aay (242ay—Uay) poy 1 (x-a0q}) + =40) erage TS He teen a | | ns pele multiply with T+ #7 ea o8 ) >, we 2 gel (Be aay \ox 4 (120404 = ohth—1S 4 the jor _M\dn 4 W,dy=0 f shy Meng AE + Pa % Tc (aan ary -2 iv ‘ (aty Pdary*) dx+ @>-aary ) dy - anit unis of the tm }Midx 4 N\ dy =O eal Se aaty” Nye Ve2anY | aM t by es a sean =k omy Be | a | ao i's exack the GS eq, © is Max 4+ | wi dy =¢ q gad Pe iieats ae | J @ay- aaxyy) d¥ - Jed aie y = KO. y~ a ay- ony this ig the YO med giver 2) solve aryd¥- Cate y 4s) dx +0 she given & 19 (abayrar) d= any dy =? ve -24 He wry! a 2— 2 @& D0 is not an exact : ‘ 1 aye (ty) S1ty \ J ay (uy) = 12 -}t) at \y rar ae Loa” ; SJ yc 2 =e a aoe a vas muiply uth T+ on eon bs, we ge | Wor L \ | ead = (1+) Bode a0 M, V+ a oh S274 4 ant. fy Ny 24 | dY ne A ay | Sie . ONS | >Y ~ wan | e~1@D ts exact | C he $ e j |Midy + JM dy = ¢ 4 a a) aes a 43, snduradil \ sk fain, \ Pe) ) OAL gy dy = ¢ Finis is the tea Sol f given eq O- S s Hethod-s. > tind an 3-4 i, eee =0 yp thee exis o continows sae vaniable funuion 9(4) Wy that giy)= Sr es. b 2 e ahen edt a eee MarR an, t Hda + Pdy=0_ athe O-£ y (aryte™) da - e*dy=o given eq iS Ylaxyret)ds —e*dy-0 0 BIS of the Jorm Max -+ndy -0 i on ihe Se Bir pee ® is nan exad .ee Wee Ox. uy) ay) Gaye) eytyt ae) -o (ay) et) yargsed) 4 (wy yes) =y > 9ly) ; | gty\d Joy 7 the D+ is e- 4 > e (fs aed sy on molnPly) with Th, doi ea OOM Fs), we, get (ox Oe) dr- qeet dy 20 whith is q the a) M dn +N) dy =o 1 3) hc. ORME 4,2 ant Eo oe oy a Sse aN) = -< vy nUr ae ye ea © is an exact athe Us f e2® Is Jude 4 J may =c jee at + Jey a es =& is the yea Sol 4 ea O 2) fy? ay)dns a(tyt 1+ y4) dy=o the gwen ea 15 (xyP+y) da + atytarty) dy oA aypay N= a(styts x+y") 3 aM. azyt | we. a(rsys 1) ey es oy uahith is not an ead \ sue teayt +2) = oe, ol ssL vu +) ‘ de wt y (xy1) } a i F 1S ol ae = Ms “ 3 Wow multply with T-F m Bs ,we get @ytsy) dt + Gry pny zy?) dy =e —® Nie dy ?-4 LOY ry tad xy tay” 3 ans 5 yey? ry ) BNL 2 Gay ary ay at : Bee ae ~y ine :.ea® ys exact ene Gass eq © H, de Py dy = G 4 o des dap el 4 winds Jeysayt\dx 4 J sy2 ay- ¢ Linear pc g fist wader: AN & 4 the form SY ist Le (sy * Qt x\ ze called & Ninee Od iny (0) fo ea tf the jor s + Plylx = @LY) ie called a lineax 0 solve the linean eq Be pit) y gc) a 34 j\ Problemy ~ t) Solve (441) dd ys orca! : ; a S st liven o-€ is Sh- ae ; foun o} (near ot ¥ * Orden iny a) fen) 36 this 19 9 the | ne, dey ey: 9! oe *(14)) s ” nett Plx\= rr gles= © +) ee ee” iin) we | qhe uS O's yarg - | gc) Fax +c yx : | 2 (441 )x Sag Ls) a4) ot a 2 o ees +C at 3 ahis 1s “te yequired solution & eqD aiedue (r+ay)-Ab = y Guen of ig SY. dt % + ay? dy au % ayy Bat 0 qhis Is in the Jovm of linear 0-€ te, Sy+ptyyx= Sly) Hue ely ay , Oly) = ay y) ds > ol aia say Gq & is ‘ t Ci e Orde ine iG yeq sol f AO? 3 a 1S ala * “Te " fier 0.6 1 + aay” SMa“ | This: \n abe fown gi lincan oF of fit pre, Sb 4 POY: 9c) owen tou Hoe pay ein) 2s dng ™ Lng T-6€ - pJPrydr \actep I ac Ben , e = bog oriae 14.0. -f |g Oy rre an +7 i 3 Sinrt iF y £9 “foqx 40g Yes a + C This 's the ve Sol uy solve (x41) =a ao (lege fuer OE 15, CY - (2 _\y 2 e° fe ax aoe! This to inthe fJowm of fnew OE gi firs a) oa 4 eG)y =Qls Meese, Otn\pie (K+ ” Sela dn ie Ey cg (eee r z = ae de \s Shen dog | =@ . (a+) Gs a @ is Ono E J Acruy aan a = "| Gay dra c ie an) ae «¢Eayatons, reducible to ln avahhOng reducible to linear @ @ Bernoulli & eq’ £ | An en, of the fox at + Pee gy —0 * Cobieg | Gerncull’s if Pad ane rorstand © funchors df > al, tpnstant }4 aie a yeal then a0 con be aed yO ree be ss aus (p-alyso— sere tre variables a ne diz The geneal sol 19 \@ 5 \ then envthplyig ea O with Y ye qe cose TY ne Ss ys ray that teny di = * dt dt 249 fee ego : pets, OF A du —-@ aa oe : drome 64 Owe ae eee te, dv 4 (1-n) Pu ee at : ae in vu g this Wwe evbsttute a 4 Shic 1S a \inean DE, CER BS ae get the cyibed o» earlier at the endgis a yea COL -' 5 ‘ met. te By + (p-a)y-O on pana eer ; aune the warn able> - eae in DU gcthis canb ® bor \sx —© + oide In v is ig o lineax OF y fis 4 Plu = gt) Bes 9 G)~se [a6 -sl4adr= > a a -L a : - = xe x os a = a _ 3+ a - | c i (a et . meee ip above Sol Loge a meh. C B ig the Yea Sol of ad of DE of -fst ovder Taj ectovi :- ve vohich cuts every membey 0. called an orthogonal Ja giver jornly of | tray eckOry o} the ange is Be node thot cuxve T ws every member of thd at right angle Herve one ig an orthogord Qiver foreily of otthogana! tajec amily of oxthagona! Hay ectovie of Uthes is jectory of T- io cantesian Coordinate, the Josey 0} orthogonal trajectovia in cortiuie tovied A " ¢ ax of foamy of wwe ie cantiepion a B OE $(4.y.y')=0 —2© of theProblems. the orthogonal trajectories of the family ¢ dae asa favameler. N 2 of giver jomily of carvers hating 2 @ wrt * we get Sex ee >” Is iS the OF of given fomily of aywes to get +he un " Hajectovies 9} awe, we replace a voitSten sy of confocal coni + +¢ub_ =), where: > is eter , is sel} orthogonal OBA bs ame is pe. ue. | P es es. ye fertiating eg © wy ee UO i du\.5 —>© es | sO ye) bevomes _% Pdhen «O y+ xpary +Pay = © 6 ees ‘Ve 1 ‘ramy (apy) (2-6) ° Ny" fomily 4} conjora!l conic gona! daje ctaia ot +t “+ in e4@, ®@ aye ovtho gonal 4 nice 1 Sel} orthogonepr o gi? fam) If op the given darnily Of can J Wey the of Fy 9 dy \ “d6) ON be with ee ee 8 jor 0 ” pxthogora! Hoje Crores 's F| 9 get wae get athe eof orthagona! tajedores gan _ Haj ecto 4 q ciicle Y= 0¢given candi¢ is is the 0-6 Of “get orthogonad with ge 4.85 ay Hajecty x giv {fe -coso \ Brine) \ Sino © dnkgrating on BS. we 9 t 3 ee L Sint O/e =~) Gsin %, cos Of, ie og 111 =-| #00 % de ant mil = > 2 bog & ye coe’, e YeQ. orthogonal Hajectory 0} the qf cooling : vote oj change 04 +p e Bayern o the tompe yatuu of c 8h, + Log ¢ DexatureBhe Jemperatve of the bndy a! any tine } doon 40 60% ji, a originally at Boe ¢ cools bs of Phe aly is 40% tind the emP 04 Ae 9 deap of the body at time p's a.d 0} cooling we hou? 4 “k(-O,) where Oo '© Bene ootémP 25 c pols Hom 140% +p ge% iy the beady cpols downto 45°C ee oo te = -kt 4 fog(15) 5 - oq (0-25) —-OL att, we contake owe (k>0) . Bioic: #1 of bacteria ‘n culture greakew at trina) stow: the valut 4 g D-E£ +o solved is om skh 30meth materiols: mio ion ot ony instant is Propo onal to 4 pas al Present cont Of material al any Ame t then dusky at onal to the amount shat Rgiald ata role propat ‘instant Pap MGM, One grams of ov amed T & Te tespechvely anium then fied the hal} life anim of any hme + will be om gra sintegyation of vianiun is dm . 4m, when F dt | Jae == bat -kt+ce— 0 that ea@ is c- tog -@a at a vale Proportional to the Oumont ers) t any instant Ty AG Ma Qt arm» o} UYanium