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Quantum Mechanics Lecture Notes 3

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16 views4 pages

Quantum Mechanics Lecture Notes 3

Uploaded by

Kusum Sharma
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LECTURE 3

This topic is mapped with CO3 and CO4 of the course

3.1 PHASE AND GROUP VELOCITY

Group velocity: The velocity with which the wave packet- which is formed due
to the superposition of two or more waves of slightly different wavelengths is
transmitted is called as group velocity.

(OR)

It is the velocity with which resultant wave packet formed due to the
superposition of two or more waves propagates.

Phase velocity: If a point is imagined to marked on a traveling wave, then it


becomes a representative point for a particular phase of the wave, and the
velocity with which it is transported is called phase velocity

(OR)

It is the velocity with which the individual waves forming the wave packet
propagates.

Vp=ω/k
Figure 1: Wave packet[1]

3.2 Relation between phase and group velocity


Phase velocity of wave is

..(3.3.1)
rewriting equation (3.3.1) as
.......................(3.3.2)
Differentiating equation no (3.3.2) with respect to k, we get

.........(3.3.3)
We, know

.........(3.3.4)
using partial differentiation

.....(3.3.5)
as

therefore

and

substituting this in equation (3.3.5)

or

.......(3.3.6)
This gives relation between phase velocity and group velocity

SUMMARY

• Group velocity corresponds to velocity of wave packet.


• Phase velocity corresponds to individual wave.
• velocity of the material particle v is the same as group velocity.

Practice questions

1. Prove that velocity of the material particle v is the same as group velocity.
2. Define phase and group velocity
References

1. https://pediaa.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Difference-Between-Phase-
Velocity-and-Group-Velocity-image-11.png
2. http://physics.gmu.edu/~dmaria/590%20Web%20Page/public_html/qm_topics/
phase_vel/phase.html?sa=X%26ved=0CBgQ9QEwAWoVChMI4rqY0dj2xgIV
TD0-Ch3dBguw
3. http://www.iiserpune.ac.in/~santh/course/qmr/gvel.pdf

Video link

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_VeTwdGZY_Y
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlM9vq-bepA

Books

1. Concepts of Modern Physics, (Fifth Edition) A Beiser, McGraw Hill


International.
2. Fundamentals of Physics, David Halliday, Robert Resnick and Jearl Walker,
Wileyplus.

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