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    3 Computer Networks

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    Mahesh Machindra Mutkule
    There are different types of computer networks that can be categorized based on their geographic reach and design. Local area networks (LANs) span a single home or building, while wide area networks (WANs) connect cities, states, or countries. Client-server networks feature centralized servers that store files and applications, while peer-to-peer networks allow all computers to support the same functions. Network topologies also vary and include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree configurations to represent the structure and flow of data.

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    3 Computer Networks

    Uploaded by

    Mahesh Machindra Mutkule
    77 views8 pages
    There are different types of computer networks that can be categorized based on their geographic reach and design. Local area networks (LANs) span a single home or building, while wide area networks (WANs) connect cities, states, or countries. Client-server networks feature centralized servers that store files and applications, while peer-to-peer networks allow all computers to support the same functions. Network topologies also vary and include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree configurations to represent the structure and flow of data.

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    There are different types of computer networks that can be categorized based on their geographic reach and design. Local area networks (LANs) span a single home or building, while wide area networks (WANs) connect cities, states, or countries. Client-server networks feature centralized servers that store files and applications, while peer-to-peer networks allow all computers to support the same functions. Network topologies also vary and include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree configurations to represent the structure and flow of data.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    77 views8 pages

    3 Computer Networks

    Uploaded by

    Mahesh Machindra Mutkule
    There are different types of computer networks that can be categorized based on their geographic reach and design. Local area networks (LANs) span a single home or building, while wide area networks (WANs) connect cities, states, or countries. Client-server networks feature centralized servers that store files and applications, while peer-to-peer networks allow all computers to support the same functions. Network topologies also vary and include bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree configurations to represent the structure and flow of data.

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    TYPES OF NETWORK In the world of computers, networking is the practice of linking two or more computing devices together for

    the purpose of sharing data. Networks are built with a mix of computer hardware and computer software. Networks can be categorized in several different ways. One approach defines the type of network according to the geographic area it spans. Local area networks (LANs), for example, typically reach across a single home, whereas wide area networks (WANs), reach across cities, states, or even across the world. The Internet is the world's largest public WAN. Network Design Computer networks also differ in their design. The two types of high-level network design are called client-server and peer-to-peer. Client-server networks feature centralized server computers that store email, Web pages, files and or applications. On a peer-to-peer network, conversely, all computers tend to support the same functions. Client-server networks are much more common in business and peer-to-peer networks much more common in homes.

    TOPOLOGY A network topology represents its layout or structure from the point of view of data flow. In so-called bus networks, for example, all of the computers share and communicate across one common conduit, whereas in a star network, all data flows through one centralized device. Common types of network topologies include bus, star, ring and mesh. 1. RING Topology

    2. BUS Topology

    3. STAR Topology

    4. MESH Topology

    5. TREE Topology

    6. HYBRID Topology

    LAN: Local Area Network


    Typically connects computer in a single building or campus. Developed in 1970s. Medium: optical fibers, coaxial cables, twisted pair, wireless. Low latency (except in high traffic periods). High speed networks (0.2 to 100 Mbps). Speeds adequate for most distributed systems Problems : Multi media based applications Typically bus or ring topology Ethernet, Token Ring

    MAN: Metropolitan Area Network


    Generally covers towns and cities (50 km) Developed in 1980s. Medium: optical fibers, cables. Data rates adequate for distributed computing applications. A typical standard is DQDB (Distributed Queue Dual Bus). Typical latencies: < 1 ms. Message routing is fast.

    WAN: Wide Area Network


    Developed in 1960s. Generally covers large distances (states, countries, continents). Medium: communication circuits connected by routers. Routers forwards packets from one to another following a route from the sender to the receiver. Store-and-Forward Hosts are typically connected (or close to) the routers. Typical latencies: 100ms - 500ms. Problems with delays if using satellites. Typical speed: 20 - 2000 Kbps. Not (yet) suitable for distributed computing. New standards are changing the landscape.

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