ETABS V 2009 MANUAL

Introduction

ETABS is defined as extended three dimensional analysis of building system,

& used for analysis & design of frame elements. You need to know design
corrections at the end of the design stage or else the outputs may lead to irrelevant
data. This manual is prepared to fill the gap for the factor that in most software
training programs the main challenging part is that the steps will be forgotten
easily. Since one cannot get all in all detail steps & mostly the basic design
procedures, class discussion are mandatory.

To use the manual along the respective drawing, I tried to attach the drawing
at the beginning followed by the detailed steps.

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 Major stages while working on the project:

Given section properties (trial):

❖ Beams:
• Basement floor beam = 45* 30 = BFB
• Ground floor beam = 40*30= GFB
• Typical floor beam = 35*25= TFB
• Roof beam = 30*20 = RB
• Typical , Ground & basement landing = 35*25 = TLB
• Roof landing beam = 40*20 = RLB.
❖ Columns:
• Foundation column = 40*40- C-30= FCOL
• Basement & Ground column = 40*40 - C-25 = BGCOL
• Typical floor column = 30*30 = TFCOL
• Roof column = 20*20 = RCOL.
❖ Slab – for all floors = 15cm
❖ Floor finishing materials
• Types Unit weight (KN /m3)
* Plastic tile 17
* Terrazzo 23
* Hcb wall 14
* Marble 27

NB. While using the name roof column=20*20=RCOL, it means that you
are going to use the depth & width of the section with 20 cm by 20cm &

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 you are going to give this name to ETABS with a section description of
RCOL as a name.
General description of the project
❖ Major stages while working with Grid only
1. Unit management – KNm
2. Grid adjustment
2.1. Global – Cartesian (x,y,z)
2.2. Cylindrical (R,Q)
3. Material definition Concrete C-25
C-30

Steel S400

S300 • BFB = 45*35

• TFB = 30*25
• RB = 30*30
4. Section properties beams • TLB = 30*25
• RCol = 20*20 • RLB = 40*20
• TCol = 30*30
Columns • BGCOL =40*40
• FCOL= 40*40

Slab
d = 15 cm

5. Drawing or modeling or putting in to their respective position.

6. Assigning supports at the base.
7. Locating center of mass (CM) – location on each floor & also locate 5%
offset of the floor span on the respective X & Y direction.
8. Calculation of span, area, & Earth quack load.
9. Load – definition

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 - Combination ( 12 load combinations)
- Loading
10.Checking model.
11.Running analysis & Checking lateral stability
12.Running design with appropriate design code.
13.Exporting design data on excel for CAD drafting.
14.Commenting on some irrelevant out puts. (Or simply check the minimum
requirement of EBCS).

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 ❖ Here we start working with ETABS.
1. Open ETABS program then chick ok on the displayed tip dialogue box
2. Adjust the unit from right bottom corner to “ kNm ”

3. File new model * number of stories 10

• Number of god along - x dir’n 5 * typical store height 3.06
• Number of Grid along - y drin 5 * bottom story height 2.8
• Grid spacing along x - drin 4
• Grid spacing along y - dirn 4
Edit grid edit story data

4. After putting the above 7 data, then to edit their respective spacing, click first on
edit grid

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 5. Then click edit story

This time all x, y & z data are edited except the cylindrical part is left undone. So
to add curved layout,

Right click on the screen then edit / modify grid data

• Add new system
• Cylindrical
▪ Grid no

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 • along R = 2
• along θ = 10
▪ Grid no
• along R=4
• along θ (deg) =10
• ok
• locate system origin
• global X=4, global Y=4 & rotation angle = 180

• ok
• ok then ok
6. Material definition
Define material
❖ Then input the following date
• Modify the name conc → to C 25
• Weight per unit volume = 25

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• Modulus of elasticity E = 29 E6.
• Specified concrete compressive strength, f’C = 20E3.
• Bending reinforcement yield stress = 400 E 3
• Shear reinforcement yield stress = 300 E3.
• Ok
❖ This time you already made C-25 then we can add C-30
Click on add new material
Change the name ‘MAT’ →to –C30
i. Weight per unit volume = 25
ii. Modulus of elasticity E= 30.6E6
iii. Specified concrete compressive strength, f1c= 24E3.
iv. Bending reinforcement yield stress = 400E3.
v. Shear reinforcement yield stress = 300 E3.

↓Ok > Ok

7. Section Definition
define↓
Frame section
↓
Add Rectangular
Select the material – C-25
• Give its name = BFB45x30
• Depth = 0.45
• Width = 0.3
• Select appropriate display color = (ex- blue)

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• Click on the concrete reinforcement.
• Select the design type being
• Concrete cover to rebar center
• Top = 0.043
• Bottom = 0.043

Ok> Ok

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 8. This time you can add the other different beam types following above
procedure, keeping in mind that you can only change their name, depth,
width, color & for the typical floor & roof beam, cover to rebar center.
• Top = 0.041
• Bottom = 0.041, is enough

After defining all

- TFB35x25
- GFB40x30
- TLB35x25
- RLB40x20
You can jump to columns definition.
Column section definition
• Define >
• Frame section >
• Add Rectangular >
• Select the material – C-25
• Give its name = FCOL40x40
• Depth = 0.40
• Width = 0.40
Select appropriate display color = (ex- red)

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 • Click on the concrete reinforcement.
• Select the design type being column
• Concrete cover to rebar center
• Top = 0.07
• Bottom = 0.07 ,

Ok > ok >ok

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9. Drawing

9.1. Drawing frame elements

Draw the specified line object as follows:

1. Draw menu > draw line Objects > Draw Lines (plan, elev, 3D) command
and button

Left click once at the beginning of the line.

Drag the mouse to the end location of the line and left click again. Note that as
the mouse is dragged a dashed line is visible, indicating the current extent of
the line object.

Left click once on the end point of the line object to draw another line object
starting from the end of the first; continue as needed. Double left click or
single left click and press the Enter key on the keyboard to terminate the
drawing of the next line.

When using this command in an elevation view or 3D view, if a line object is

drawn that crosses story levels, ETABS immediately breaks the object at the
story levels. For example, if a line object is drawn that has its top at the 4th
story level and it bottom at the 2nd story level, ETABS immediately breaks
the object into two objects with the break point at the 3rd story level.

Draw menu > Draw Line Objects > Create Lines in Region or at Clicks (plan,
elev, 3D) command and button

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 Click on any grid line (in plan view only) and a line object is drawn on that
grid line between the two adjacent intersecting grid lines from the same
coordinate/grid system.

Alternatively, depress and hold down the left mouse button. While keeping
the left button depressed, drag the mouse to "rubber band" a window around
one or more grid line segments. Then release the left mouse button. Line
objects are automatically placed at each grid line segment included in the
"rubber band" window. The term grid line segment in this paragraph means
that portion of a grid line between the two adjacent intersecting grid lines
from the same coordinate/grid system.

2. Draw menu > Draw Line Objects > Create Columns in Region or at Clicks
(plan) command and button
3. Left click at any location in a plan view to draw a column (vertical line
object below).
4. Alternatively, depress and hold down the left mouse button. While keeping
the left button depressed, drag the mouse to "rubber band" a window around
one or more grid line intersections. Then release the left mouse button.
Columns (vertical line objects below) are automatically placed at each grid
line intersection of two grid lines in the same coordinate/grid system
included in the "rubber band" window.
5. The columns (vertical line objects) extend from the story level where they
were drawn to the story level below, and, of course, also to other story levels
if the similar stories feature in the ETABS status bar is activated

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 9.2 drawing area elements

6. Use the Draw menu > Draw Area Objects command or click one of the five Draw
Area Objects button to draw area objects. When the menu command is used, a
menu of five subcommands displays.
7. Set the View. Some drawing tools do not function in some views. The views
that can be used with a particular tool are indicated by the parenthetic
information in the command name. That is, the Draw Areas (plan, elev, 3D)
command can be used in any view—Plan, Elevation or 3D—while the Draw
Rectangular Areas (plan, elev) command can be used only in a Plan or Elevation
view. If a particular Draw Area Object button does not appear to function, try
changing the View setting.
8. TIP: When in a Plan view, set the Similar To drop-down list on the right side of
the Status bar to Similar Stories or All Stories to quickly add area objects,
such as walls, to multiple stories simultaneously. Conversely, to add area
objects to one story only, be sure to set this drop-down list to One Story.
Note that the Similar Stories feature has no effect on the Draw Windows or
Draw Doors options because those options function relative to a Wall object
rather than a Story level.
9. Click the Draw menu > Draw Area Objects command to display the list of
subcommands. Click a subcommand or its associated toolbar button to
display the Properties of Object form for the selected type of area object. Use
the options on the Properties of Object form to specify properties and control
placement of area objects for efficient integration into the model.

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10.Draw the specified area object as follows:
11.Draw Areas (plan, elev, 3D) command and button .
12.Left click once at the first corner point of the area, drag the mouse to the
next corner point and left click, and so on to define each corner point of the
area object. Note that the mouse is dragged, a dashed line is visible
indicating the current extent of the area object.
13.At the last corner point of the area object, double left click to finish the
object or single left click and press the Enter key on the keyboard.
14.An area object drawn using this command must have at least three corner
points. Typically area objects are limited to no more than four corner points;
however, there is no limit on the maximum number of corner points allowed
for horizontal area objects (in the global XY plane).
15.When using this command in a 3D view, ETABS does not allow the area
object drawn to cross a story level. For example, a vertical area object
cannot be drawn in a 3D view that has its top at the 4th story level and it
bottom at the 2nd story level. The bottom cannot be below the 3rd story
level because this would cause the area object to cross a story level.
16.Draw Rectangular Areas (plan, elev) command and button .
17.Left click once to define the position of one corner point of the area.
18.Drag the mouse and left click again to define the diagonally opposite corner
point. Note that as the mouse is dragged, a dashed line is visible indicating
the current extent of the area object.
19.When using this command in an elevation view, if an area object is drawn
such that it crosses story levels, ETABS immediately breaks the object at the
story levels. For example, if an area object is drawn so that has its top at the
4th story level and it bottom at the 2nd story level, ETABS immediately
breaks the object into two objects with the break line at the 3rd story level.
20.Create Areas in Region or at Clicks (plan, elev) command and button . This
command works in two ways.
21.Click in any grid line space and an area object is drawn in that grid line
space.
22.Depress and hold down the left mouse button. While keeping the left button
depressed, drag the mouse to "rubber band" a window around one or more
grid line spaces. Then release the left mouse button. Area objects are
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 automatically placed in each grid line space included in the "rubber band"
window.

10.Load definition
You are going to define dead, live, eqx1, eqx2, eqy1 & eqy2 load types.
Define > load cases

11. Load combination

In general you will have about 12 different types of load combinations

Define > load combinations> add new combo

Comb 1 = 1.3DL+ 1.6 LL

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 With this approach do the same for combo 2 to 10

Where

• Combo 2 = 0.75 combo 1+ eqx1

• Combo 3 = 0.75 combo 1- eqx1
• Combo 4 = 0.75 combo 1+ eqx2
• Combo 5 = 0.75 combo 1- eqx2
• Combo 6 = 0.75 combo 1+ eqy1
• Combo 7 = 0.75 combo 1- eqy1
• Combo 8 = 0.75 combo 1+ eqy2
• Combo 9 = 0.75 combo 1- eqy2
• Combo 10 = DL+ LL

For combination 11 & 12 you need to change the load combination type from
‘ADD’ to ‘ENVE’,

• Combo 11 = enve (c2+c3+c4+c5)

• Combo 12 = enve( c6+c7+c8+c9)

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12.Load computation
I. Dead load
finishing materials, plastering & walls directly supported on slabs are
treated as area dead load on the slab ( KN/m2)
walls directly supported on beams will be treated as line load for the
beam supporting it ( KN/m)
II. Live load
Live loads vary depending on the service type of the structure:
For residential buildings = 2KN/m2
Mixed use buildings = 3KN/m2
For shopping mall with highly intensified live load = 4KN/m2

Example on loading slab & beam

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 ❖ For the panel on axis between 1,2, A, B
• Floor finishing load( tile),0.005m= 0.005*23= 0.085kN/m2
• Plastering mortar , 0.03 m= 0.03*23= 0.69 kN/m2
• Wall thickness = 0.15 m, L=4.27+0.925=5.195, h=2.91m
Wall load on slab = (0.15*5.195*2.91*14 / (4.5*4))
= 1.76 kN/m2
III. Earth quake load

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 Location of the building =Addis Ababa
structural regularity
plan= YES
elevation=YES
Static Analysis
zone= 2 Addis Ababa
α o= 0.05 Bed rock accelaration
I= 1 Important factor
α= 0.05
S= 1.5 Site coefficent from sub-soil condition©
H= 26.6 m Hight of the building from the basement
c1= 0.075
T1=C1*(H^(3/4)) T1= 0.878461 second Fandamental period of vibration

B=(1.25*S)/(T^(2/3)) B= 2.0441822
check! B= 2.0441822
Ƴ= ƳokDkRkw
Ƴo= 0.2 Basic value of behavioral factor
KD= 2 Ductility class
KR= 1 Regularity
KW= 1 prevailing failure mode
Ƴ= 0.4
check! Ƴ= 0.4 Behavioral factor

Sd(T1)=αᵦƳ Sd(T1)= 0.0408836 Design spectam

Fb=Sd(T1)*W Fb= 919.1057

1442.9817 KN Base shear
Ft=0.07T1Fb Ft= 88.732219 KN
56.06545 concentrated force at the top
The above calculation was made for a building which will be
constructed in Addis Ababa , but for a building in Harer ex
• Its categorized under type 1
• Bed rock acceleration will be =0.03
13. CM locating
Select the floor layout > assign > joint > diaphragm> add new diaphragm>
rigid…..then mark the point using draw> draw point object

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Then assign each offset oint with proper load values

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14.Running analysis

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Analysis output can be seen as follows.

Display> show member forces or stresses diagram>frame /pier/spandrel forces

• Here, if you want to see design moments for beams you will select combo 1
along moment 3-3.
• If you are viewing design moments for column you need to see both moment
2-2, & 3-3 & also axial force is highly important

15.Checking lateral stability

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To determine whether a column is sway or non-sway we use the following
formula;

N 𝛿 / HL ≤ 0.1

Where

N - axial load of that story

𝛿- story drift value

H- story shear on that floor & just a story above

L – height of the story

16.Running design ----this time you will get rebar output for each frame
elements

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You can send these data using the command:
Edit > copy entire table > open ms excel> paste

Then the remaining task wil be AutoCAD drafting.

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Reference

1. EBCS 1,”Basis of design and actions on structures”, Ministry of Works &

urban Development,1995,Addis Ababa
2. EBCS 2,”Structural Use Of Concrete”, Ministry of Works & urban
Development,1995,Addis Ababa
3. EBCS 3,”Design of Steel structures”, Ministry of Works & urban
Development,1995,Addis Ababa
4. EBCS 7,”Foundations”, Ministry of Works & urban
Development,1995,Addis Ababa
5. EBCS 8,”Design Of Structures For Earthquake Resistance”, Ministry of
Works & urban Development,1995,Addis Ababa

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