​C

​ ompound 1:- Benzaldehye

S.no Experiment Observation Inference
Preliminary tests
1 Odour: Bitter almond odour May be benzaldehyde
Note the Odour of the
organic compound.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: No colour change is noted Absence of carboxylic
Touch the ​Moist litmus acid, phenol and amine
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium No brisk effervescence is Absence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
an ​organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s Yellow or orange Presence of an aldehyde
reagent: precipitate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the​organic compound ​in a
 test tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the ​organic compound ​in a
test tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
very dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for aldehydes:-
1 Tollen’s reagent test: Shining silver mirror is Presence of an aldehyde
Take 2 ml of ​Tollen’s formed.
reagent​in a clean dry test
tube. Add 3-4 drops of an
organic compound​(or 0.2 g of
solid) to it, and ​warm​the
mixture on a ​water bath​for
about ​5 minutes​.
2 Fehling’s test: Red precipitate is formed. Presence of an aldehyde
Take 1 ml each of
Fehling’s solution A and B
are taken in a test tube. Add
4-5 drops of an ​organic
compound​(or 0.2g of solid)
to it, and ​warm​the mixture on
a ​water​​bath​for about ​5
minutes​.
Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii) Saturated
(iii)Aldehydes functional group
 Compound 2:- Cinnamaldehyde

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: No characteristics Absence of amine,
Note the Odour of the ​organic change benzaldehyde, phenol,
compound. ester.

2 Reaction with litmus paper: No colour change is Absence of carboxylic

Touch the ​Moist litmus paper noted acid, phenol and amine
with an ​organic compound.
3 Action with sodium bicarbonate: No brisk effervescence Absence of a carboxylic
Take 2 ml of ​saturated sodium is obtained acid.
bi carbonate solution​in a test
tube. Add 2 or 3 drops (or a pinch
of solid) of an ​organic compound
to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s reagent: Yellow or orange Presence of an aldehyde
Take a small amount of an precipitate
organic compound ​in a test tube.
Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s reagent​, 1
ml of ​Conc HCl ​to it, then​warm
the mixture gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of an place
organic compound​in a dry test
tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc H2SO4 ​to
it, and ​heat ​the mixture.

Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:

6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of the flame compound
organic compound​in a Nickel
spatula and ​burn​it in ​Bunsen
flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
7 Test with bromine water: Orange-yellow colour Substance is unsaturated.
Take small amount of the of bromine water is
organic compound ​in a test tube decolourised
add 2 ml of ​distilled water​to
dissolve it. To this solution add
 few drops of ​bromine water​and
shake it​well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: Pink colour of KmnO4 Substance is unsaturated.
Take small amount of the solution is
organic compound ​in a test tube decolourised
add 2 ml of ​distilled​​water ​to
dissolve it. To this solution add
few drops of ​very dilute alkaline
KmnO4​solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for aldehydes:-
1 Tollen’s reagent test: Shining silver mirror is Presence of an aldehyde
Take 2 ml of ​Tollen’s formed.
reagent​in a clean dry test tube.
Add 3-4 drops of an ​organic
compound​(or 0.2 g of solid) to it,
and ​warm​the mixture on a ​water
bath​for about ​5 minutes​.
2 Fehling’s test: Red precipitate is Presence of an aldehyde
Take 1 ml each of formed.
Fehling’s solution A and B​are
taken in a test tube. Add 4-5 drops
of an ​organic compound​(or 0.2g
of solid) to it, and ​warm​the
mixture on a ​water​​bath​for about
5 minutes​.
Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii) Unsaturated
(iii)Aldehydes functional group
 Compound 3:- Acetophenone

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: No characteristics change Absence of amine,
Note the Odour of the benzaldehyde, phenol,
organic compound. ester.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: No colour change is noted Absence of carboxylic
Touch the ​Moist litmus acid, phenol and amine
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium No brisk effervescence is Absence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
an ​organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s Yellow or orange or red Presence of an ketone
reagent: precipitate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
 7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the ​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of ​very
dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for Ketone:-
1 Legal’s test: Red colouration. Presence of a ketone.
A small amount of the
organic substance​is taken in a
test tube. 1 ml ​sodium nitro
prusside solution​is added.
Then ​sodium hydroxide
solution ​is added dropwise.
Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii) Saturated
(iii) Ketones functional group
 Compound 4:- Benzophenone

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: No characteristics change Absence of amine,
Note the Odour of the benzaldehyde, phenol,
organic compound. ester.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: No colour change is noted Absence of carboxylic
Touch the ​Moist litmus acid, phenol and amine
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium No brisk effervescence is Absence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
an ​organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s Yellow or orange or red Presence of an ketone
reagent: precipitate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
place
 Take small amount of
the​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the ​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of ​very
dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for Ketone:-
1 Legal’s test: Red colouration. Presence of a ketone.
A small amount of the
organic substance​is taken in a
test tube. 1 ml ​sodium nitro
prusside solution​is added.
Then ​sodium hydroxide
solution ​is added dropwise.

Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii)Saturated
(iii) Ketones functional group
 Compound 5:- Benzoic Acid

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: No characteristics change Absence of amine,
Note the Odour of the benzaldehyde, phenol,
organic compound. ester.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: Blue litmus turns red May be a carboxylic acid
Touch the ​Moist litmus or phenol
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium Brisk effervescence is Presence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
an ​organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s No Yellow or orange or Absence of an aldehyde
reagent: red precipitate and ketone
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
place
 Take small amount of
the​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the ​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of ​very
dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for CARBOXYLIC ACIDS:-
1 Esterification reaction: A Pleasant fruity odour is Presence of carboxylic
Take 1 ml (or a pinch of solid) noted. group.
of an ​organic compounding​a
clean test tube. Add 1 ml of
ethyl alcohol ​and 4 to 5 drops
of ​conc. sulphuric acid ​to it.
Heat the reaction mixture
strongly for about ​5 minutes​.
Then pour the mixture into a
beaker containing ​dil. Sodium
carbonate solution​and note
the ​smell​.

Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii)Saturated
(iii)​Caboxylic acid​functional group
 ​Compound 6:- Cinnamic Acid

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: No characteristics change Absence of amine,
Note the Odour of the benzaldehyde, phenol,
organic compound. ester.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: Blue litmus turns red May be a carboxylic acid
Touch the ​Moist litmus or phenol
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium Brisk effervescence is Presence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
an ​organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s No Yellow or orange or Absence of an aldehyde
reagent: red precipitate and ketone
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
 7 Test with bromine water: Orange-yellow colour of Substance is unsaturated.
Take small amount of bromine water is
the​organic compound ​in a test decolourised
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: Pink colour of KmnO4 Substance is unsaturated.
Take small amount of solution is decolourised
the ​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of ​very
dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for CARBOXYLIC ACIDS:-
1 Esterification reaction: A Pleasant fruity odour is Presence of carboxylic
Take 1 ml (or a pinch of solid) noted. group.
of an ​organic compounding​a
clean test tube. Add 1 ml of
ethyl alcohol ​and 4 to 5 drops
of ​conc. sulphuric acid ​to it.
Heat the reaction mixture
strongly for about ​5 minutes​.
Then pour the mixture into a
beaker containing ​dil. Sodium
carbonate solution​and note
the ​smell​.

Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii)Unsaturated
(iii)​Caboxylic acid​functional group.
 Compound 7:- Urea

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: Fish odour May be an amine
Note the Odour of the
organic compound.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: Red litmus turns blue May be an amine
Touch the ​Moist litmus
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium No brisk effervescence is Absence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
an ​organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s Yellow or orange or red Presence of an ketone
reagent: precipitate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with not- sooty Presence of an aliphatic
Take small amount of flame compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
place
 Take small amount of
the​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the ​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of ​very
dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for Diamide:-
1 Biuret test: Violet colour is appeared. Presence of a diamide
Take A small amount
of an ​organic compound ​in a
test tube. ​Heat strongly​and
then allow to ​cool​. ​Dissolve
the residue​with 2 ml of water.
To this solution Add 1 ml of
dilute copper sulphate solution
and few drops of ​10% NaOH
solution​drop by drop.

Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i)Aliphatic
(ii)Saturated
(iii)​Diamide​functional group
Compound 8:- Glucose

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: No characteristics Absence of amine,
Note the Odour of the ​organic change benzaldehyde, phenol,
compound. ester.

2 Reaction with litmus paper: No colour change is Absence of carboxylic

Touch the ​Moist litmus paper noted acid, phenol and amine
with an ​organic compound.
3 Action with sodium bicarbonate: No brisk effervescence is Absence of a carboxylic
Take 2 ml of ​saturated sodium obtained acid.
bi carbonate solution​in a test tube.
Add 2 or 3 drops (or a pinch of
solid) of an ​organic compound​to
it.
4 Action with Borsche’s reagent: Yellow or orange Presence of an aldehyde
Take a small amount of an precipitate
organic compound ​in a test tube.
Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s reagent​, 1
ml of ​Conc HCl ​to it, then​warm
the mixture gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: Charring takes place Presence of
Take a small amount of an with smell of burnt sugar carbohydrate
organic compound​in a dry test
tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc H2SO4 ​to
it, and ​heat ​the mixture.

Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:

6 Ignition test: Burns with not- sooty Presence of an aliphatic
Take small amount of the flame compound
organic compound​in a Nickel
spatula and ​burn​it in ​Bunsen
flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of the place
organic compound ​in a test tube
add 2 ml of ​distilled water​to
 dissolve it. To this solution add
few drops of ​bromine water​and
shake it​well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of the place
organic compound ​in a test tube
add 2 ml of ​distilled​​water ​to
dissolve it. To this solution add
few drops of ​very dilute alkaline
KmnO4​solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for aldehydes:-
1 Tollen’s reagent test: Shining silver mirror is Presence of an aldehyde
Take 2 ml of ​Tollen’s formed.
reagent​in a clean dry test tube.
Add 3-4 drops of an ​organic
compound​(or 0.2 g of solid) to it,
and ​warm​the mixture on a ​water
bath​for about ​5 minutes​.
2 Fehling’s test: Red precipitate is Presence of an aldehyde
Take 1 ml each of ​Fehling’s formed.
solution A and B​are taken in a test
tube. Add 4-5 drops of an ​organic
compound​(or 0.2g of solid) to it,
and ​warm​the mixture on a ​water
bath​for about ​5 minutes​.
Test for carbohydrates
1 Molisch’s test: Violet or purple ring is Presence of
Take A small amount of an formed at the junction of carbohydrate
organic compound​in a test tube. It the two liquids.
is ​dissolved​in 2 ml of water. Add
3-4 drops of ​alpha​​naphtholto
it.Then add ​conc H2SO4​through
the sides of test tube ​carefully​.
2 Osazone test: Yellow crystals are Presence of
Take A small amount of an obtained carbohydrate
organic compound​in a test tube.
Add 1 ml of ​phenyl hydrazine
solution​and ​heat​the mixture for
about ​5​​minutes​on a ​boiling water
bath.
Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i)Aliphatic
(ii)Saturated
(iii)Aldehydes and Carbohydrates functional group
Compound 9:- Aniline

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: Fish odour May be an amine
Note the Odour of the
organic compound.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: Red litmus turns blue May be an amine
Touch the ​Moist litmus
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium No brisk effervescence is Absence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: obtained acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution
in a test tube. Add 2 or 3 drops
(or a pinch of solid) of an
organic compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s No Yellow or orange or Absence of an aldehyde
reagent: red precipitate and ketone
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to
it, then​warm​the mixture
gently and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of
an ​organic compound​in a dry
test tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc
H2SO4 ​to it, and ​heat ​the
mixture.
Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:
6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of compound
the ​organic compound​in a
Nickel spatula and ​burn​it in
Bunsen flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
 7 Test with bromine water: Decolourisation with Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of formation of white amine or phenol.
the​organic compound ​in a test precipitate.
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of
bromine water​and ​shake it
well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of place
the ​organic compound ​in a test
tube add 2 ml of ​distilled
water ​to dissolve it. To this
solution add few drops of ​very
dilute alkaline KmnO4
solution and ​shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test for an amine
1 Dye test: Scarlet red dye is obtained. Presence of an aromatic
Take A small amount of primary amine.
an ​organic substance​in a clean
test tube, add 2 ml of ​HCl ​to
dissolve it. Add few ​crystals of
NaNO2​, and ​cool​the mixture
in ​ice bath​. Then add 2 ml of
ice cold solution of
β-naphtholin NaOH​.

Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii)Saturated
(iii)​Amine​functional group.
 Compound 10:- Salicylic

S.no Experiment Observation Inference

Preliminary tests
1 Odour: Phenolic odour May be phenol
Note the Odour of the
organic compound.
2 Reaction with litmus paper: Blue litmus turns red May be an carboxylic
Touch the ​Moist litmus acid or phenol
paper​with an ​organic
compound.
3 Action with sodium Brisk effervescence Presence of a carboxylic
bicarbonate: acid.
Take 2 ml of ​saturated
sodium bi carbonate solution​in
a test tube. Add 2 or 3 drops (or
a pinch of solid) of an ​organic
compound​to it.
4 Action with Borsche’s reagent: No Yellow or orange or Absence of an aldehyde
Take a small amount of an red precipitate and ketone
organic compound ​in a test
tube. Add 3 ml of ​Borsche’s
reagent​, 1 ml of ​Conc HCl ​to it,
then​warm​the mixture gently
and ​cool it​.
5 Charring test: No charring takes place Absence of carbohydrate
Take a small amount of an
organic compound​in a dry test
tube. Add 2 ml of ​conc H2SO4
to it, and ​heat ​the mixture.

Tests for Aliphatic or Aromatic nature:

6 Ignition test: Burns with sooty flame Presence of an aromatic
Take small amount of the compound
organic compound​in a Nickel
spatula and ​burn​it in ​Bunsen
flame​.
Tests for an unsaturation:
 7 Test with bromine water: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of the place
organic compound ​in a test tube
add 2 ml of ​distilled water​to
dissolve it. To this solution add
few drops of ​bromine water​and
shake it​well.
8 Test with KMnO4 solution: No Decolourisation takes Substance is saturated.
Take small amount of the place
organic compound ​in a test tube
add 2 ml of ​distilled​​water ​to
dissolve it. To this solution add
few drops of ​very dilute
alkaline KmnO4​solution and
shake it​well.
TEST FOR SELECTED ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
Test For Phenol
1 Neutral FeCl3 test: Violet colouration is seen Presence of phenol.
Take 1 ml of ​neutral ferric
chloride solution ​is taken in a
dry clean test tube. Add 2 or 3
drops (or a pinch of solid) of
organic compound​to it. If ​no
colouration​occurs add 3 or 4
drops of ​alcohol​.
Test for CARBOXYLIC ACIDS:-
1 Esterification reaction: A Pleasant fruity odour is Presence of carboxylic
Take 1 ml (or a pinch of solid) noted. group.
of an ​organic compounding​a
clean test tube. Add 1 ml of
ethyl alcohol ​and 4 to 5 drops
of ​conc. sulphuric acid ​to it.
Heat the reaction mixture
strongly for about ​5 minutes​.
Then pour the mixture into a
beaker containing ​dil. Sodium
carbonate solution​and note the
smell​.

Report:
The given organic compound contains /is
(i) Aromatic
(ii)Saturated
(iii)Phenol and ​Caboxylic acid​functional group