BUSINESS

STUDIES
PROJECT
Joanna William
12th
Reg no: 3522
2024-2025
CERTIFICATE
ST. JOSEPH’S BOYS’ HIGH SCHOOL
 #27, Museum Rd, Shanthala Nagar, Ashok Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560025

Name:- JOANNA WILLIAM

Standard:- XII COMMERCE
Project:- 1) Consider any two successful business leaders.
Give a brief account of their leadership styles. Explain the
impact of their leadership styles in the achievement of the
organizational goals of their respective organization
2) Make a comparative study of any two E-Businesses in
terms of their Nature, Size, Products and Services offered,
Functioning and Policies
This is to certify that JOANNA WILLIAM completed the
project in BUSINESS STUDIES for the Academic year 2024
– 2025 in fulfillment of the board requirement.
Internal Examiner’s Signature:
______________________________________________

External Examiner’s Signature:

______________________________________________

2
 Acknowledgment
I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my teacher Mrs. Akshitha, who
gave me the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project of Business Studies on
Who also helped me in completing my
project. I came to know about so many new
things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly i would also like to thank my parents
and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing
this project within the limited time frame.

Joanna William
XII Commerce

3
Contents
 Topic 1 5
 Introduction 6
 Two of the most successful business
leaders 7-9
 Their leadership styles 10-13
 Impact of their leadership styles on
their respective organization 14-18
 Conclusion 19
 Topic 2 20
 Introduction 21
 The two e-businesses 22-24
 Comparative study 25-41
 Conclusion 42
 Bibliography 43
4
 TOPIC 1

Consider any two successful business

leaders. Give a brief account of their
leadership styles. Explain the impact
of their leadership styles in the
achievement of the organizational
goals of their respective organization

5
 Introduction

Business leadership refers to how individuals make decisions, set goals and
provide direction in a professional environment. Business leadership can take
many different forms, but usually involves a CEO or higher-level employees
guiding and inspiring the rest of the team. Leadership involves showing workers
how to effectively perform their responsibilities and regularly supervising the
completion of their tasks. Leadership in business is the capacity of a company's
management to set and achieve challenging goals, take fast and decisive action
when needed, outperform the competition, and inspire others to perform at the
highest level they can. It can be difficult to place a value on leadership or other
qualitative aspects of a company, versus quantitative aspects that are commonly
tracked and much easier to compare between companies. Leadership provides
direction for a company and its workers.

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TWO OF THE MOST SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS
LEADERS

ELON MUSK
Elon Musk was born on June 28, 1971, Pretoria, South Africa South African-born
American entrepreneur who cofounded the electronic-payment firm PayPal and
formed Space X, maker of launch vehicles and spacecraft. He was also one of the
first significant investors in, as well as chief executive officer of, the electric car
manufacturer Tesla. In addition, Musk acquired Twitter in 2022. Musk was born to
a South African father and a Canadian mother. He displayed an early talent for
computers and entrepreneurship. At age 12 he created a video game and sold it
to a computer magazine. In 1988, after obtaining a Canadian passport, Musk left
South Africa because he was unwilling to go through compulsory military service

7
and because he sought the greater economic opportunities available in the
United States.

STEVE JOBS

Steven Paul Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955 and adopted shortly
afterwards February was an American businessman, inventor, and investor best
known for co-founding the technology giant Apple Inc. Jobs was also the founder
of NeXT and chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar. He was a pioneer of the
personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his early
business partner and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. Steve Jobs was one
of the first entrepreneurs to understand that the personal computer would
appeal to a broad audience, at least if it did not appear to belong in a junior high
school science fair. Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955 and adopted shortly
afterwards. He attended Reed College in 1972 before withdrawing that same
year. He and Wozniak co-founded Apple in 1976 to further develop and sell

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Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. Together, the duo gained fame and wealth
a year later with production and sale of the Apple II, one of the first highly
successful mass-produced microcomputers. His ability to foresee market trends
and create products that seamlessly blend technology and aesthetics has left a
lasting impact on the tech industry and consumer electronics. Despite facing
numerous challenges and a period of departure from Apple, Jobs's return to the
company in 1997 marked a renaissance that solidified Apple's status as a global
leader in innovation. His legacy continues to inspire entrepreneurs and tech
enthusiasts worldwide.

9
 THEIR LEADERSHIP STYLES
Elon Musk

Elon Musk's leadership style is often described as unconventional, bold, and

daring. He is known for setting ambitious goals and working tirelessly to achieve
them, often believing in his vision and ideas when others may consider them
crazy. Musk's approach to leadership involves a mix of different characteristics of
autocratic, democratic, and laissez-faire styles. He allows for quick decision-
making, open dialogue, and individual responsibility within his teams. His
management style is characterized by a hands-on approach, often described as
"nano-management," where he involves himself deeply in the details of his
companies. While his leadership style may challenge traditional norms, it
underscores the importance of active involvement and prioritizing the well-being
and development of team members. Visionary leadership is focused on long-term

10
goals and strategies and Elon Musk has a clear vision. He knows what he wants to
achieve, and this is reflected in his work and leadership style. He constantly
pushes himself and his team out of their comfort zone by setting daring goals with
ambitious timelines. Musk is quite passionate about his ideas and has an exacting
standard for quality, which he expects from all those who work with him. The
Elon Musk work ethic has become famous, and he works late into the night to
ensure that his team meets the planned deadlines. The Elon Musk leadership
style also involves taking the time to identify and improve talent. He understands
the importance of having a solid team behind him and puts a lot of effort into
hiring people with the skills and potential to excel in their roles. He believes in
giving opportunities to those people who would be promising enough in the
future, and he provides them with the necessary support so that they can reach
their full potential. An excellent example of this is when he hired Peter Bannon
from Apple to help refine Tesla Motors’ Autopilot software and with no doubt has
been successful. The Elon Musk phenomenon is truly inspiring. His leadership
style has revolutionized the tech industry and set a new standard for excellence in
business

His daring vision for the future, where he seeks to push the limits of human and
technological potential, is what defines his leadership style. Musk's lofty
objectives—which include colonizing Mars, creating renewable energy sources,
and transforming transportation with electric cars and hyperloops—showcase his
progressive outlook and determination to take on seemingly insurmountable
difficulties.

Musk's strong work ethic and active participation in the day-to-day operations of
his enterprises are hallmarks of his leadership style. He is renowned for putting in
a lot of overtime and staying closely involved in the business and technical facets
of his endeavors. This approach not only keeps his companies in the public eye
but also helps to build a loyal following of supporters and customers who believe
in his mission.
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Steve Jobs

“Steve Jobs…had a meticulous eye for detail, and surrounded himself with like-
minded people to follow his lead.” Diving into the quality of Steve Jobs’
leadership style, we find ourselves amidst a formation of relentless passion and
groundbreaking vision for the fore coming. As the driving force behind Apple’s
rise, Jobs’ managerial skills fused with meticulous attention to detail with the
intense pursuit of perfection. This distinct approach has come to the interest of
many management training courses, keen to impart lessons from Jobs’ playbook
to inspire future leaders. What truly distinguished Steve Jobs and set him apart
from other business leaders was his unique managerial style and leadership skills.
His approach to leadership was almost unparalleled, making it a central aspect of
his identity and success. Steve Jobs was purely seen to be an autocratic thus like
many other autocratic leaders, he was not a big fan of delegation. He trusted his
own judgment and abilities more than others, which meant he was often wary of
assigning tasks to others when he thought he could do the job better himself.
Steve Jobs expected a lot from the people who worked for him. He set a high bar
for his employees and made it clear that they were supposed to meet it if they
wanted to keep their jobs. He required employees to work long hours, sacrifice
their personal lives to help the company achieve specific goals, and tolerate harsh
criticism. Jobs truly embodied the Apple motto, “Think differently.” He thought
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differently, and he was different, and he was not afraid of that. He was willing to
do what others thought was impossible, move forward with a vision that others
didn’t understand, and do what was necessary to create devices that were new
and game-changing. When Steve Jobs came back to Apple in 1997, he cut the
number of projects the company’s staffs were working on. He understood the
power of doing more with less and subtracting things that were not working or
were taking people away from projects that could lead to better long-term
outcomes. While Steve Jobs’ management style might not work for everyone, it
was undoubtedly effective when it came to founding and later rescuing Apple, as
well as turning it into one of the most well-known tech companies in the world

Co-founder of Apple Inc. Steve Jobs is considered by many to be one of the most
important figures in the IT sector. Visionary thinking, a strong emphasis on design
and user experience, and a never-ending quest of innovation were the hallmarks
of his leadership style. Jobs frequently introduced ground-breaking products that
transformed their respective categories, including as the iPhone, iPad, and
MacBook, demonstrating his extraordinary ability to predict consumer
preferences and market trends. His focus on excellence and attention to detail
forced Apple to produce products that were not just cutting edge technologically
but also elegantly designed and easy to use.

Jobs was renowned for his captivating and occasionally strict style of leadership.
He was known for being a strict and demanding manager who had high standards
for his staff. This might result in

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 IMPACT OF THEIR LEADERSHIP STYLES IN
THE ACHIVEMENT OF THEIR RESPECTIVE
ORGANISATION
Elon Musk

Elon Musk's leadership has had a profound impact on the success of multiple
business organizations, notably Tesla, SpaceX, and more recently, ventures like
Neuralink and The Boring Company. By aiming for the impossible, Musk has
created a new business environment that now exists which encourages
innovation and risk-taking. This has resulted in the successful launches of
revolutionary products, such as the Tesla Model S electric car and SpaceX’s
reusable rockets. Musk's unorthodox methods and commitment to pushing
boundaries have been instrumental in driving innovation and achieving success
across his various ventures. From hiring the right people and investing in them, to

14
keeping everyone informed and engaged with the company’s mission, he knows
how to create an environment where innovation can thrive and success can be
achieved. His leadership style, characterized by visionary thinking, hands-on
management, and a relentless drive for innovation, has significantly influenced
these companies in several ways:

 Vision and Innovation: Tesla, Musk's vision of accelerating the world's

transition to sustainable energy has driven Tesla to become a leader in
electric vehicles. His innovative ideas have led to groundbreaking
developments in battery technology, autonomous driving, and energy
storage solutions. This visionary approach has positioned Tesla as a major
player in the global automotive industry and a significant contributor to
environmental sustainability. SpaceX, Musk's goal of reducing space
transportation costs to enable the colonization of Mars has revolutionized
the aerospace industry. SpaceX's development of reusable rockets,
particularly the Falcon 9 and the Falcon Heavy, has drastically reduced the
cost of space travel. The success of the Crew Dragon missions has also
demonstrated the viability of private companies in human spaceflight.

 Risk-Taking and Resilience: Musk's willingness to take significant risks has

been a critical factor in his companies' successes. Both Tesla and SpaceX
faced numerous challenges and near-failure situations. For instance,
SpaceX experienced multiple rocket failures before achieving its first
successful launch. Musk's ability to remain patient and motivate his teams
during these times of adversity has been crucial.

 Culture of Innovation: Musk fosters a culture that encourages bold ideas

and continuous improvement. Tesla, has led to the rapid repetition and

15
 improvement of their vehicle designs and manufacturing processes.
SpaceX, similarly, operates with a philosophy of repetitive testing and
development, leading to faster advancements in technology.
 Brand and Market Impact: Musk's public persona and marketing strategies
have significantly boosted the brand value of his companies. His use of
social media, particularly Twitter, has kept Tesla and SpaceX in the public
eye, generating immense interest and loyalty from customers and investors
alike. This visibility has translated into substantial financial gains, with
Tesla's market capitalization reaching unprecedented heights.

In summary, Elon Musk's leadership has been instrumental in the achievements

of his business organizations. His visionary approach, willingness to take risks,
hands-on management, and ability to foster a culture of innovation have driven
Tesla and SpaceX to remarkable success, influencing their respective industries
and setting new standards for what is possible.

16
Steve Jobs

Steve Jobs was undoubtedly a transformative figure in the business world, and his
leadership had a profound impact on the success of Apple Inc. and the broader
tech industry. Here are some key ways in which his leadership influenced the
achievement of the organization:

 Visionary Leadership: Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who had a clear
sense of what exactly he will make apple and where he wanted to take
Apple. He had an ability to anticipate market trends and products that
consumers did not even know they wanted yet. Like the vision that guided
him to come up with the development of groundbreaking products like the
iPhone, iPad, and MacBook.

17
 Focus on Design and User Experience: Jobs placed a strong emphasis on
design and user experience, insisting that Apple products not only
functioned well but also looked beautiful and were intuitive to use. This
focus on aesthetics and usability set Apple apart from its competitors and
contributed to the company's cult-like following among consumers.

 Culture of Innovation: Under Jobs' leadership, Apple fostered a culture of

innovation where employees were encouraged to think outside the box and
pursue bold ideas. He was known for his perfectionism and demanding
standards, pushing his team to strive for excellence in everything they did.
This culture of innovation led to the creation of groundbreaking products
and technologies that took the business industries to the very next level.

 Marketing and Branding Genius: Jobs was a master marketer who

understood the power of branding and storytelling. He had an uncanny
ability to create commercial over the Apple products through his
captivating keynote presentations and marketing campaigns. His
charismatic personality and showmanship helped Apple's brand to elevate
to an iconic status and create a sense of excitement and anticipation among
the customers each new product launch.

 Ruthless Focus and Simplicity: Jobs was known for his relentless focus and
willingness to say no to countless ideas in order to maintain simplicity and
consistency in Apple's product lineup. He famously streamlined Apple's
product offerings upon his return to the company in 1997, axing many
poorly performing products and focusing on a few key products that he
believed could truly change the world.

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 CONCLUSION
Leadership has a vast amount styles which has its merits and drawbacks,
effective leaders understand the importance of adaptability and context in
applying these styles. Leaders can foster environments that cultivate innovation,
collaboration, and sustained growth. Therefore, the impact of leadership styles on
organizational goals underscores the significance of thoughtful, strategic
leadership in driving success. In conclusion, both Steve Jobs and Elon Musk have
demonstrated unique leadership styles that have had a profound impact on the
achievement of their respective organizational goals. Jobs' emphasis on
innovation, design, and user experience helped Apple to become one of the most
valuable companies in the world, while Musk's bold vision and relentless pursuit
of innovation have enabled SpaceX and Tesla to achieve extraordinary feats in
their respective industries. Despite their differences in approach, both leaders
share a common commitment to pushing the boundaries of what possible and
driving their organizations towards success.

19
 TOPIC 2

Make a comparative study of any

two E-Businesses in terms of their
Nature, Size, Products and Services
offered, Functioning and Policies.

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 Introduction

Electronic business also known as online business or e-business is any kind of

business or commercial transaction that includes sharing information across the
internet. Commerce constitutes the exchange of products and services between
businesses, groups, and individuals and can be seen as one of the essential
activities of any business. E-business is the conduct of online business processes
on the web. These customer internal and management-focused business
processes include buying and selling goods and services, servicing customers,
processing payments, managing production and supply chains, collaborating with
business partners, sharing information, running automated employee services
and recruiting employees. E-business is similar to e-commerce but encompasses
much more than online purchasing transactions. Functions and services range
from the development of intranets and extranets to the provision of e-services
over the internet by application service providers. Enterprises conduct e-business
to buy parts and supplies from other companies, collaborate on sales promotions
and conduct joint research.

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 THE TWO E-BUSINESSES

SWIGGY

Swiggy is an Indian online food ordering and delivery platform. Founded in 2014,
Swiggy is headquartered in Bangalore and operates in more than 580 Indian
cities, as of July 2023. Besides the food delivery, the platform also provides on-
demand grocery deliveries under the name Instamart, and a same-day package
delivery service called Swiggy Genie. It rivals homegrown startup Zomato in food
delivery and hyperlocal marketplace. In 2011, Sriharsha Majety and Nandan
Reddy designed an e-commerce website called Bundl to facilitate courier service
and shipping within India. Bundl was halted in 2014 and rebranded to enter the
food delivery market. Majety and Reddy approached Rahul Jaimini, formerly with
Myntra, and founded Swiggy in August 2014. At the time, the food delivery sector
was in turmoil as several notable startups, such as Foodpanda (later acquired by
Ola Cabs), TinyOwl (later acquired by Zomato) and Ola Cafe which was later
closed. Swiggy's main values are innovation and client pleasure. The business uses
data analytics to control demand, improve customer satisfaction, and optimize

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delivery routes. As part of its efforts to maintain food safety and cleanliness,
Swiggy has strengthened its reputation as a reliable service provider. This was
especially crucial during the COVID-19 epidemic.

As a market leader in India's cutthroat meal delivery industry, Swiggy has

maintained its position thanks to marketing initiatives, smart alliances, and a
dedication to quality. With the goal of becoming a full on-demand delivery service
that meets a variety of customer needs, the company keeps coming up with new
ideas and expanding what it offers.

WALMART

Walmart Inc is an American multinational retail corporation that operates a chain

of hypermarkets also called supercenters, discount department stores, and
grocery stores in the United States, headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas. It has
wholly operated in Chile and a majority stake in Massmart in South Africa. The
company was founded by brothers Sam and James, Arkansas in 1962 and
incorporated under Delaware General Corporation Law on October 31, 1969. It
also owns and operates Sam's Club retail warehouses, Walmart started with off as
sole proprietorship. Sam Walton began with just one store and one mission which
was to help people save money so they could live better. As a growing global

23
digital enterprise and with over 11,500 stores, we maintain Mr. Sam's vision, but
now, we are able to help more customers than ever.

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COMPARATIVE STUDY

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THEIR NATURE
SWIGGY
Swiggy, a prominent player in the e-business landscape, operates as an on-
demand food delivery service. It gives an example of the integration of digital
technology into traditional business models, revolutionizing the food industry . Its
vast delivery network, which consists of a fleet of delivery partners outfitted with
cutting-edge logistics technology, is its main source of strength. With a focus on
dependability, speed, and convenience, Swiggy's operations guarantee that
consumers receive hot, fresh food—often in 30 to 45 minutes. Swiggy has
expanded its services beyond food delivery, adding grocery and other necessities
to its portfolio in an effort to develop into a full-featured on-demand delivery
platform. The business uses data analytics to control demand, improve customer
experience, and optimize delivery routes. Furthermore, Swiggy has taken a
number of steps to guarantee food safety and cleanliness, especially in the wake
of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has strengthened its standing as a reliable
service provider in the Indian market.

WALMART
Walmart is a multinational retail corporation based in the United States, known
for its large chain of hypermarkets and grocery stores. Founded in 1962, Walmart
has expanded rapidly in its e-commerce operations in the recent years. Which has
brought a lot significant change in today’s world. The world's largest retailer by
revenue is Walmart, an American global retail firm founded by Sam Walton in
1962. Walmart, which is well-known for its dedication to offering a large selection
of goods at competitive costs, runs an extensive global network of hypermarkets,
cheap department shops, and grocery stores. The company's strategy is based on
large sales volumes and slim profit margins, using economies of scale to keep
prices competitive. Walmart's success is largely due to its vast supply chain and

26
logistics network, which allow for effective inventory management and quick
delivery to all of its locations. Walmart's operations heavily rely on technological
innovation, as enhanced data analytics and automation improve customer
experience and the efficiency of the supply chain. Additionally, the business has
advanced e-commerce significantly by incorporating online

THEIR SIZE:
SWIGGY
Swiggy is a leading food and grocery delivery e-business operating primarily in
India. It covers over 500 cities, partnering with more than 200,000 restaurants to
serve tens of millions of active users of swiggy. Swiggy has expanded its services
to include grocery delivery through Swiggy Instamart and on-demand courier
services with Swiggy Genie. It has been supported by substantial investments
from global investors, Swiggy's valuation stands around $10-11 billion, reflecting
its rapid growth and its significant market presence. With hundreds of thousands
of delivery partners and advanced AI-driven logistics, Swiggy has established itself
as a major player in the Indian e-commerce.

WALMART
Walmart, as an e-business, stands as one of the largest and most influential
players in the global retail sector all over the world. The company's e-commerce
platform is Walmart.com, which offers millions of products ranging from groceries
to electronics, and competes directly with giants like Amazon. Walmart has
invested heavily in its online presence to make it more accessible to its

27
customers, integrating advanced technologies such as AI, machine learning, and
big data analytics to enhance customer experience. Walmart's e-commerce
operations contribute significantly to its financial strength. The company also
supports a vast network of logistics and a robust marketplace for third-party
sellers, ensuring a large scope and seamless shopping experience for customers
worldwide.

THEIR PRODUCTS AND SERIVCES:

SWIGGY
Swiggy, as an e-business, primarily offers an boundless range of food-related
services, catering to the growing demand for convenient and easy meal delivery
in India. Its core service revolves around food delivery, connecting users with
diverse amount options of restaurants ranging from local restaurant to popular
chains. Additionally, Swiggy has expanded its product offerings to include grocery
delivery through Swiggy Instamart, providing customers with quick access to
essential household items and fresh produce of vast variety. Furthermore, Swiggy
Genie, another service, offers on-demand pick-up and delivery for various tasks,
such as sending packages or documents. Through its user-friendly app and
website, Swiggy aims to provide a seamless and personalized experience, and
personalized recommendations, thereby positioning itself as a comprehensive e-
business catering to the daily needs of consumers in India.

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WALMART
Walmart's e-business is known for its vast array of products in multiple
categories, a one-stop destination for consumers making it much easier. From
everyday essentials like groceries, household items, and personal care products to
electronics, apparel, toys, and home goods, Walmart offers a comprehensive
selection to meet diverse customer needs. The company's e-commerce platform,
Walmart.com, showcases millions of items from leading brands alongside
exclusive products and services. Walmart is not just a grocery store or a
supermarket but a multi-channel retailer which enables online marketplace for
third-party sellers to reach a wider audience, which in turn helps in expanding the
range of products available to shoppers. With its commitment to providing value,
convenience, and quality, Walmart's e-business serves as a go-to destination for
customers seeking a wide range of products at competitive prices and accessible
with the convenience of online shopping. : Walmart offers prepaid debit cards, bill
paying, check cashing, and money transfers among other financial services.
Customers' financial needs are met by these services, especially those who have
limited access to traditional banking.

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THEIR FUNCTIONS:
SWIGGY
 Online Platform: Swiggy operates a user-friendly online platform, including a
website and mobile application, where customers can browse menus, place
orders, and make payments digitally. This platform serves as the primary
interface between users and the Swiggy ecosystem.

 Logistics and Delivery: Swiggy also manages a network of delivery partners

who are responsible for picking up orders from restaurants or grocery stores
and delivering them to customers' doorsteps. The e-business website includes
features for tracking orders in real-time, providing customers with updates on
the status of their deliveries.

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 Payment Processing: Swiggy's e-business functions includes securing the
payment process where they allow customers to pay for their orders
electronically using various methods such as credit/debit cards, mobile wallets,
or cash on delivery. This feature ensures smooth and convenient transactions
for users.

 Customer Support: Swiggy offers customer support services through its e-

business platform, enabling users to seek assistance on certain queries, resolve
issues, or provide feedback regarding their orders. This function may include
features like live chat, helpdesk tickets, or phone support to ensure a positive
review from the customer’s side of experience.

 Data Analytics: Swiggy with time keeps getting updated like how the data
analytics is made to gather insights into customer preferences, order patterns,
and market trends. This data-driven approach helps the customer to make his
or her choice more faster and easier. It also personalizes recommendations,
and makes strategic business decisions to enhance overall efficiency and
profitability.

 User Interface: Swiggy's easy-to-use app and website let users order from a
large variety of eateries, browse menus, and read reviews. Users can find
certain recipes, cuisines, or dietary preferences with the aid of filters and
search options. Real-time tracking is available to customers, who may follow
their orders from the restaurant's preparation to their doorstep delivery. Users
are informed about the progress of their orders through notifications.

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WALMART
 E-commerce Retailing: Walmart's primary function as an e-business is to
facilitate online retail transactions. Through its website, Walmart.com,
customers can browse and purchase a wide range of products, including
electronics, apparel, household goods, groceries, and more. This platform
offers a user-friendly interface, search functionality, product reviews, and
detailed descriptions to enhance their shopping experience.

 Product Catalog Management: Walmart maintains a vast product catalog on its

e-commerce platform, ensuring that customers have access to a wide selection
of items. The catalog includes products sold directly by Walmart as well as
those which are offered to be sold by the third-party sellers through the
Walmart Marketplace. The company regularly updates and keeps expanding
its catalog to reflect the changing consumer preferences and market trends in
business environment.

 Order Fulfillment and Logistics: Walmart's e-business functions involve

efficient order fulfillment and logistics operations to ensure timely delivery of
products to customers. The company leverages its extensive network of
distribution centers, fulfillment centers, and store locations for inventory
storage and order processing. Advanced logistics technologies help optimize
inventory management, order routing, and delivery routes to minimize
shipping times and costs.

 Customer Service and Support: Walmart provides customer service and

support through its e-commerce platform. Customers can access assistance
with order tracking, returns, refunds, and product inquiries through various
channels, including online chat, email, and phone support. The company

32
 strives to deliver excellent customer service to enhance satisfaction and loyalty
among online shoppers.

 Digital Marketing and Promotions: As an e-business, Walmart takes in a lot of

digital marketing strategies to attract and retain customers. The company
utilizes various online channels, including social media, email marketing,
search engine optimization (SEO), and online advertising, to promote its
products and engage with consumers. Special promotions, discounts, and
loyalty programs incentivize repeat purchases and drive customer loyalty.

 Integration with Physical Retail: Walmart integrates its e-commerce operations

with its extensive network of physical retail stores to offer customers a
seamless Omni channel shopping experience. Features like buy online, pickup
in-store , and same-day delivery leverage the company's store infrastructure to
provide added convenience and flexibility to online shoppers.

 Merchandising: Walmart sells a variety of things, such as food, clothing,

electronics, household goods, and prescription drugs. The business makes use
of data analytics to guarantee product availability and improve inventory
management.

 Omni-channel Services: With services like "Ship to Store," "Buy Online, Pick Up
In Store," and home delivery, Walmart combines the online and offline
shopping experiences. Customers can enjoy ease and flexibility with these
services.

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 Walmart MoneyCenter: Walmart offers prepaid debit cards, bill paying, check
cashing, and money transfers among other financial services. Customers'
financial needs are met by these services, especially those who have limited
access to traditional banking.


THEIR POLICIES:
SWIGGY
 Terms of Service and User Agreement: Swiggy lays out its terms of service and
user agreement, which users must agree to before using the app. This
document typically outlines the rights and responsibilities of both users and
Swiggy, including aspects such as order placement, payment procedures,
delivery terms, and dispute resolution mechanisms.

 Food Safety and Quality Standards: Swiggy implements policies and all the
guidelines to ensure the safety and quality of the food delivered through its
platform. This includes partnering with restaurants that comply with local food
safety regulations, conducting regular inspections, and addressing customer
complaints regarding food quality or hygiene issues promptly.

 Delivery Partner Policies: Swiggy establishes policies for its delivery partners,
including requirements for background checks of every delivery person in
swiggy, vehicle standards, uniform guidelines and safety protocols. These
policies aim to ensure that delivery personnel represent the company
professionally and deliver orders efficiently and safely.

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 Customer Support and Refund Policies: Swiggy has customer support policies
in place to address user queries, complaints, and feedback. This includes
channels for contacting support representatives via phone, email, or in-app
chat. Additionally, Swiggy typically has refund and compensation policies for
orders affected by various issues such as late deliveries, missing items, or
quality concerns.

 Payment and Pricing Policies: Swiggy establishes clear policies regarding

payment methods accepted, pricing transparency, and additional charges such
as delivery fees or taxes. Users should be informed about the total cost of their
orders before completing the payment transaction, and Swiggy typically
provides receipts detailing the breakdown of charges.

 Promotions and Offers Policies: Swiggy runs promotional campaigns and offers
discounts or offer money saving deals to attract customers. It typically has
policies governing the eligibility criteria, duration, terms, and conditions of
such promotions to ensure fairness and prevent abuse.

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WALMART

 Security Policy: This policy focuses on the measures that Walmart takes to
safeguard customer data and ensure secure transactions. It includes protocols
for encryption, authentication, and data access control to prevent
unauthorized access, data breaches, and fraud. Walmart ensures compliance
with data protection laws and often provides options for users to manage and
protect their privacy preferences.

 Return and Refund Policy: Walmart sets clear guidelines for the customers to
return products purchased through its e-commerce platform. This policy
typically specifies the time period within which customers can return items,
conditions for eligibility e.g. unused and in its original packaging, and

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 procedures for initiating returns and obtaining refunds or exchanges from
walmart.

 Shipping and Delivery Policy: Walmart outlines its shipping and delivery
practices, including estimated time for delivery, shipping options e.g. shipping
fees and delivery tracking mechanisms. This policy helps manage customer
expectations regarding the receipt of their orders and provides transparency
throughout the shipping process.

 Product Quality and Compliance Policy: Walmart ensures that products listed
on its e-commerce platform meet quality standards and comply with relevant
regulations and industry standards that is required by the customers. This may
involve product testing, quality assurance processes and particularly for items
such as electronics, toys and food products.

 Price Matching Policy: Walmart may offer a price matching policy wherein it
matches competitors' prices for identical products under certain conditions.
This policy aims to convince their customers to purchase their products by
providing customers with competitive pricing.

 Environmental Sustainability: Walmart is dedicated to lessening its impact on

the environment. Policies emphasize obtaining renewable energy, cutting
greenhouse gas emissions, and reaching zero waste in operations. In addition
to attempting to lower emissions throughout its supply chain, the company
wants to run entirely on renewable energy. Sustainable procurement: Walmart
encourages product procurement that ensures goods are made in an ethical
and ecologically conscious manner. This includes pledges to support supply

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 chains free of deforestation, ethically sourced seafood, and sustainable
agriculture.

 Walmart has stringent anti-corruption and anti-bribery measures in place,

along with a thorough compliance procedure to guarantee that all legal and
ethical requirements are met. Suppliers and employees must abide by the
company's global anti-corruption policy.

 Sustainable procurement: Walmart encourages product procurement that

ensures goods are made in an ethical and ecologically conscious manner. This
includes pledges to support supply chains free of deforestation, ethically
sourced seafood, and sustainable agriculture.

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Similarities Between Swiggy and Walmart

Swiggy and Walmart, despite operating in distinct industries, have some parallels
in their business strategies. Both organizations prioritize consumer happiness and
convenience on their respective platforms. Swiggy's online meal delivery service
and Walmart's e-commerce website both use technology to provide users with a
seamless and user-friendly experience, from browsing products to purchasing.
Furthermore, both organizations make significant investments in logistics and
supply chain management to ensure smooth operations and timely deliveries.
Furthermore, Swiggy and Walmart use data analytics to improve their services,
with Swiggy studying delivery routes and Walmart using customer data to provide
personalized suggestions. Both organizations prioritize innovation, always
releasing new products and services to satisfy changing consumer demands.
Overall, Swiggy and Walmart show dedication to leveraging technology and
customer insights. . Both organizations are constantly evolving and adapting to
the ever-changing digital world, hoping to maintain their competitive advantage
and drive growth in the e-commerce industry

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 Difference Between Swiggy And
Walmart

Swiggy and Walmart are both major participants in the e-commerce space, albeit
in separate industries and with different business approaches. Swiggy, an online
meal delivery company, focuses on using technology to connect clients with local
eateries, providing a quick and easy way to get food. In contrast, Walmart, a
multinational retail firm, has expanded its traditional brick-and-mortar operations
to include e-commerce, offering customers a diverse choice of products via its
online platform. Swiggy and Walmart promote consumer ease and happiness in
their e-commerce operations. Swiggy uses innovative mobile app and internet
technologies to streamline the meal ordering experience, including real-time
tracking and convenient payment alternatives. Similarly, Walmart's e-commerce
website offers users a simple interface for exploring and purchasing products,
including personalized suggestions and speedy shipping alternatives. Despite
competing in separate industries, Swiggy and Walmart face similar difficulties and
opportunities in the e-commerce space. Both organizations make significant

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investments in logistics and supply chain management to ensure prompt
deliveries and efficient operations. Furthermore, they compete with other e-
commerce businesses and must constantly innovate to differentiate themselves
and attract customers. Despite competing in separate industries, Swiggy and
Walmart face similar difficulties and opportunities in the e-commerce space. Both
organizations make significant investments in logistics and supply chain
management to ensure prompt deliveries and efficient operations. Furthermore,
they compete with other e-commerce businesses and must constantly innovate
to differentiate themselves and attract customers. In conclusion, while Swiggy and
Walmart operate in distinct industries, their e-business strategies reflect
fundamental characteristics such as customer-centricity, technical innovation, and
data-driven decision-making.

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 CONCLUSION
Swiggy and Walmart represent two distinct things in the realm of retail and
service industries. Swiggy, a leading food delivery platform operates in the digital
space, providing convenience and accessibility to the customers seeking
restaurant meals delivered to their doorsteps. In contrast, Walmart is a retail
giant with a physical presence and an online presence, offering a diverse range of
products across various categories, including groceries, electronics etc. While
Swiggy focuses solely on food delivery, Walmart provides a comprehensive retail
experience, encompassing both online and offline channels. In conclusion, Swiggy
and Walmart are total different approaches to serving consumer needs and
preferences. Despite their differences, both companies strive to meet customer
needs and expectations, driving towards new innovation, and maintaining market
leadership in their respective domains.

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BIBLOGRAPHY
 Wikipedia
 EV magazine
 MTD training
 Tech target
 Investopedia

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