VIETNAM

AGENDA

Basic facts and Famous writers, Literature

short history of poetries, and
Vietnam stories in Vietnam
 BASIC FACTS
Located in the Indochinese One of Vietnam's most famous
Peninsula's eastern edge, Vietnam natural attractions is Halong Bay, a
covers an area of around 331,211.6 UNESCO World Heritage Site.
sq. km. The coastline of mainland Located in the Gulf of Tonkin,
Vietnam is about 3,260 km long. Halong Bay is renowned for its
The country also includes several scenic beauty, consisting of around
islands. 1,600 limestone islands and islets.

Vietnam is roughly S-shaped running Formerly known as Saigon, Ho Chi

for a distance of about 1,650 km in Minh City is the largest city in
the north-to-south directions. It is Vietnam and serves as the country's
about 50 km wide at its narrowest economic and cultural hub.
region.
 ORICAL TIMEL
IST INE
H
111 BCE 13th-19th centuries:
1885
111 BCE Vietnam is conquered by Vietnam experiences intermittent
Vietnam becomes a part of French
the Chinese Han Dynasty, marking Mongol invasions and continued
Indochina, a French colonial
the beginning of Chinese conflicts with China. During this
federation that includes Vietnam,
domination that lasted for over period, Vietnam faces internal strife Laos, and Cambodia.
thousand years. and fragmentation into different
regions.

938 CE 1858 1930

Vietnamese forces under the France establishes control over The Communist Party of Vietnam
leadership of Ngo Quyen defeat Vietnam, starting with the invasion (CPV) is founded, aiming to fight for
the Chinese at the Battle of Bach of Da Nang in 1858 and culminating independence from French colonial
Dang River, achieving in the colonization of the entire rule.
independence from Chinese rule. country through the Treaty of Hue
in 1884.
 ORICAL TIMEL
IST INE
H
1941 1946
During World War II, Japan The First Indochina War is fought
occupies Vietnam, weakening
1976
between the DRV and French forces,
Vietnam officially becomes the
French colonial control and seeking to maintain colonial control. Socialist Republic of Vietnam, with
providing an opportunity for The war ends with the Geneva Hanoi as its capital.
Vietnamese nationalists to organize Accords, temporarily dividing
resistance. Vietnam along the 17th parallel.

1945 1954-1975 Present

Ho Chi Minh declares Vietnam's The Vietnam War escalates as the Vietnam experiences rapid
independence, establishing the United States supports South economic growth, attracting foreign
Democratic Republic of Vietnam Vietnam against the communist investment and emerging as a key
(DRV) with its capital in Hanoi. forces of North Vietnam. The war player in the region.
ends with the fall of Saigon in 1975
and the reunification of Vietnam
under communist rule.
Today, Vietnam is a vibrant nation with a population of over 96
million people. It is known for its beautiful landscapes, diverse
culture, rich history, and emerging status as an economic
powerhouse in the region.
 tory of Literatu
His re
Welcome to the Vietnam
 History of Literature
ANCIENT VIETNAMESE FRENCH COLONIAL
LITERATURE PERIOD
Up to 10th Century 19th to mid-20th century

VIETNAMESE CLASSICAL POST-INDEPENDENCE

LITERATURE PERIOD
10th - 19th century mid-20th century to present
 ANCIENT VIETNAMESE
LITERATURE
Up to 10th Century

Oral Tradition
Before the development of a written script, Vietnamese literature was primarily
transmitted through oral traditions, including folk tales, legends, and epic poetry.
These narratives reflected the values, beliefs, and history of the Vietnamese people.

Chinese Influence
During this period, Chinese culture and literature had a significant impact on
Vietnam. Many Vietnamese intellectuals studied classical Chinese literature, and
Chinese poetic forms and philosophical ideas were integrated into Vietnamese
literary works.
 VIETNAMESE CLASSICAL
LITERATURE
10th - 19th century

Nom Script
The development of the Nom script, a modified Chinese script adapted for the
Vietnamese language, facilitated the recording of Vietnamese literature. Nom texts
covered various subjects, including history, poetry, and religious writings.
Poetry
Poetry held a central position in classical Vietnamese literature, with the creation
of various poetic forms such as "luc bat" (six-eight) and "ca dao" (folk verses).
Prose Fiction
Storytelling traditions flourished during this period, with the emergence of
folktales, legends, and historical novels.
 FRENCH COLONIAL
PERIOD
19th to mid-20th century
Quoc Ngu
In the 19th century, the French introduced the Romanized Vietnamese script,
known as Quoc Ngu, which revolutionized Vietnamese literature and made it more
accessible to the general population.

Modernization and Western Influences

Under French rule, Vietnamese writers were exposed to Western literary
movements and ideas. Many intellectuals embraced modernism and began
experimenting with new literary forms and themes.

Prominent Writers
Notable literary figures of this period include Nguyen Du, renowned for his
epic poem "The Tale of Kieu," and Ho Chi Minh, who later became the leader of
Vietnam's Communist Party.
 POST-INDEPENDENCE
PERIOD
mid-20th Century to present
Socialist Realism
After gaining independence from France in 1954, literature played a crucial role
in promoting socialist ideals. Socialist realism became the dominant literary style,
focusing on themes of class struggle, patriotism, and revolutionary ideals.

War and Post-War Literature

The Vietnam War (1955-1975) deeply influenced Vietnamese literature, with
many works reflecting the experiences and hardships of the war. Post-war literature
addressed themes of trauma, reconciliation, and nation-building.
Contemporary Vietnamese Literature
In recent years, Vietnamese literature has become more diverse, embracing a
wide range of themes, styles, and voices. Younger generations of writers are exploring
new literary forms and addressing contemporary issues in Vietnamese society.
 MOUS WRITER
FA S
Welcome to the Vietnam
 Nguyen Du Ho Chi Minh Nam Cao
(1765-1820) (1890-1969) (1915-1951)

One of Vietnam's greatest literary Political leader and also a poet and Prominent writer of the early 20th
figures. writer. century
Author of "Truyen Kieu" (The Tale His poems and essays advocates for Known for his realistic and critical
of Kieu) independence and social justice. portrayals of Vietnamese society
Played a significant role in Vietnam's His works often explored the
fight for independence from colonial lives of ordinary people and the
powers. social issues they faced.
 MOUS POEMS
FA
Welcome to the Vietnam
"The Tale of Kieu" (Truyen "Lament of the Soldier's Wife" "Spring Essence"
Kieu) (Chinh phụ ngâm) (Tinh Xuan)
by Nguyen Du by Đặng Trầ n Ho Xuan Huong
 MOUS STORIE
FA S
Welcome to the Philippines
"Dumb Luck" "The Adventures of a Cricket" "Paradise of the Blind"
(Số đỏ) (Câu chuyện về con dế) (Đồng Chí Cảnh Giác)
by Vũ Trọng Phụng by To Hoai by Duong Thu Huong
A CHERISHED
DAUGHTER
 A CHERISHED DAUGHTER
Mother, I am eighteen this year and still Mother, I am thirty-two this year and
without a husband. still without a husband.
What, Mother, is your plan? What, Mother, darling, is your plan?
The magpie brought two matchmakers The magpie brought two matchmakers
and you threw them the challenge: not and you threw them the challenge: not
less than five full quan, five thousand less than one full quan, one thousand
areca nuts, five fat pigs, and five suits of areca nuts, one fat dog this time, and
clothes. one suit of clothes.

Mother, I am twenty-three this year and Mother, I am forty-three this year.

still without a husband. Still without a husband.
What, Mother, dear, is your plan? Mother, look, Mother, will you please
The magpie brought two matchmakers just give me away?
and you threw them the challenge: not
-- Anonymous (c. 1700 AD)--
less than three full quan, three thousand trans. Nguyen Ngoc Bich
areca nuts, three fat pigs, and three from World Poetry: An Anthology of Verse from Antiquity

suits of clothes.
 The daughter at the age of
forty-three, begs her mother
to simply give her away
because of her continued
unmarried life.
Climax

The mother sends two

matchmakers each time, and were
challenged to provide a significant
The emotional release of the
dowry of goods such as quail,
daughter's plea for her
areca nuts, pigs, and suits of

ion

Falling
mother to give her away.

Act
clothing.

ing

Action
Ris
At the age of 18, the daughter
speaks to her mother about
The fate and relationship
being unmarried and also asks
between the mother and
about her mother's plans for
daughter.
her wedding.
Exposition Resolution
SCHOOL BOY'S
APOLOGY
 SCHOOL BOY'S APOLOGY
If sometimes I fall asleep in a lecture
Or shout and scream as if alone Not believing, not understanding I
Please forgive me, please don’t be only stare. The slaughter goes on and
angry on, Blood and bones and hatred all
For I have no place to play. strained red. People running from the
front to look out for themselves
I’m growing up I want to be a sailor Cheating, lying, stabbing others in
I’m wishing for a giant arena, a the back
stream Some of my friends have fallen. No
I feel like yelling my life is beginning one knew, no one cared, they were
Every minute I want to hold tight to dewdrops that’s all. My home will be
my dreams. But the fires of war have burnt to the ground
shriveled my joys
At every step I see guns turned on The way back cut off, partitioned...
me
At every word I hear the crash of
steel
Type of Poetry Narrative Poetry

Sound Device Rhythm

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