2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 6

CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS

by

Nemesio V. Tamayo, Ph.D.

There is enormous diversity on number of crop plants to date. In this regard there is a
need for consensus in classifying crop plants. Classifying crops into groups facilitate their use by
researchers, crops man, students, etc. There are several system of classification, however the two
main classification included in this work are: a) botanical systems and functional systems.

A. Botanical Systems

Systematic or taxonomy is an organized system for descriptive classification of plants

while nomenclature is a system of assigning names to plants. The science of plant taxonomy is
coordinated by the International Board of Plant Nomenclature. They made the rules in
accordance with the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature(ICBN).

There are seven general taxonomic groups in botanical classification or scientific

classification of plants (Table 1) but the more important to crop man’s interest starts only in the
class category.

Kingdom is the most inclusive, species is the least inclusive. Each group is called a taxon
(plural is taxa). Carolus Linneaus (1707-78) a Swedish physician was credited for his work by
giving two-part scientific names to organisms, which taxonomist still do today. His system of
naming organisms is called the binomial system of nomenclature. It means that each plant has
two word name, Genus and species. The first or genus name is followed by a descriptive or
species name, this combination is known as scientific name which is used as the universal name
of a given plant. Usually a third name is placed after the species to give authority who named the
plant. Modern plant classification is based on this system. The Latin language is used in naming
plants. Sometimes, the names given reflect specific plant attributes or use of the plant. For
example, some specific epithets indicate color e.g., alba (white), variegata (variegated), rubra
(red), others are vulgaris (common), esculentus (edible), sativus (cultivated) , etc. Linneaus
method of classification was to based on the flowers and/ or reproductive parts of a plant because
flowers are the plant part least influenced by environmental changes.

Table 1. Examples of scientific classification of plants

Plantae Kingdom Plantae

Magnoliophyta Division Magnoliophyta*
Liliopsida(monocot) Class Magnoliopsida(dicot)
Rosales Order Rosales
Poaceae Family Fabaceae
Oryza Genus Glycine
sativa Species max
NSIC-Ri-222 Variety CLSoy-1
*Group of flowering plants that bear true seeds (Seeds within the fruits). The most
important division in terms of crop production, because practically all the economically
important plants used for food, feed, and fiber belong to this group.
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 7

** Note: The list of scientific names of some crops is attached.

B. Functional System

In Crop Science, the functional systems of classification is the method of classifying

crops. The systems are classified into agronomic crops (field crops) and horticultural crops.

1. Agronomic Crops or Field Crops. These are annual herbaceous plants that are grown on the
farm under a system of “extensive” or large scale culture.

1.1 Agronomic crops are grouped or classified based on the manner by which they are
utilized.

1.1a. Cereal or grain crops- belonging to the grass family, which are utilized as staples.
The word “cereal” is derived from the name of the most important grain deity, the
Roman Goddess Ceres.
The most important cereal crops grown in the Philippines are rice and corn.
Sorghum and wheat is a minor cereal crop grown in the country
1.1b. Grain legumes or pulses of the family Leguminoseae, which are consumed in the
dry seed form. The legumes are rich sources of protein. The plants possess the
ability to fix nitrogen from the air in symbiotic association with Rhizobium
bacteria. The major legume crops in the Philippines are mungbean, peanut, and
soybeans.
1.1c. Fiber crops- are sources of fiber. The commercial fiber in the Philippines are :
kenaf, jute, ramie, cotton,
1.1d. Root and tuber crops- which are rich sources of carbohydrate. The major species of
root crops are cassava, sweet potato. Potato is a tuber crop.
1.1e. Forage legumes and grasses for animal fodder. The important grass species are:
napier or elephant grass, Guinea grass, para grass, pangola grass, Alabang X. The
important legume forages are :centro, ipip-ipil, Townsville stylo, siratro.
1.1f. Crops for industrial processing. The economic species are; sugarcane, tobacco,
castor bean.

1.2 Special purpose classification of field crops

1.2a. Soiling crop or zero grazing- one that is cut green and fed to livestock.
1.2b. Cover crop- a crop grown to maintain a plant cover on the land to prevent erosion
and leaching, when turned under it becomes a manure crop hence, improved soil
condition.
1.2c. Catch crop/Emergency crop- a crop planted on land where other crops have failed,
usually a quick growing one.
1.2d. Silage - forage that has been preserved in a succulent condition by partial
fermentation.
1.2e. Green manure- a crop grown and plowed under to improve the soil.
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 8

2) Horticultural Crops - are annual and perennial species which are grown under a system of
“intensive” culture which means they usually require special care. They are grouped in
relation to the manner that they are utilized.

2.1. Pomological or Fruit Crops. For convenience fruit crops are classified into a) tree fruits
b) nut fruits, and c) small fruits, depending mainly on the habit of the plant on which they
are borne. They are consumed fresh or in the process form.

2.1a Tree Fruits. Fruits borne on trees. Majority of the crops belong to this category,
such as mango, lanzones, durian, orange, etc

2.1b. Nut Fruits. Fruits borne on trees but which are enclosed by a stony structure,
such as talisay, cashew, and pili.

2.1c Small Fruits. Fruits borne not on trees but on herbaceous plants, such as
pineapple, strawberry, and vine plants such as grapes.

2.2. Vegetables. Vegetable crops are classified based on similarities in the method of
culture. In general, crops belonging to one group have the same cultural requirements
and problems.

2.2a. Leafy Vegetables. Crops grown mainly for their leaves, such as malungay,
pechay, kangkong, and saluyot.

2.2b. Cole Crops or Crucifers. Crops that belong to the crucifer family specifically
cabbage, cauliflower and Chinese cabbage.

2.2c. Root, Tuber, and Bulb Crops. Crops with swollen underground stems or roots,
such as sweet potato, onion, radish, and potato.

2.2d. Legumes. Crops belonging to the legume family, such as sitao, cowpea, lima
bean, pigeon pea, chick pea,, and winged bean.

2.2e. Solanaceous Crops. Crops belonging to the solanaceous or nightshade family

(Solanaceae) whose economically useful parts are the fruits, such as tomato,
eggplant, and sweet pepper.

2.2f. Cucurbits. Crops belonging to the cucurbit family (Cucurbitaceae) such as

cucumber, muskmelon, squash, watermelon, ampalaya, and chayote.

2.2g. Sweet corn

2.2h. Okra
2.2i. Tree Vegetables. Examples are malungay, katuray, himbabao.

2.3. Ornamentals. Ornamentals can be classified according to their special uses. This
classification is based on the specific plant part aesthetically valued and on form in which
the plants are maintained or marketed.

2.3a. Cut Flower or Florist Crop. Plants grown for their flowers, such as daisies, roses,
gladiolus, carnations, chrysanthemum, anthurium, sampaguita, orchids, birds of
paradise.
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 9

2.3b. Cut Foliage or Florist Greens. Plants whose foliage provides background in floral
arrangement. Ferns and asparagus are important in this category. Some species of
asparagus like asparagus fern are sometimes use for corsages, bouquets, and wreaths.

2.3c. Flowering Pot Plants. Plants grown in containers for their beautiful flowers, usually
for display purposes. (Chrysanthemum, poinsettia, santan, bougainvilla.

2.3d. Landscape Plants. Almost ornamentals fall under this category. They are used for
landscaping purposes.

2.3e. Foliage Plants. Plants grown for their attractive foliage. Many of these plants can
tolerate low light intensities since they have no demanding inflorescence to support.
They are used as indoor plants by which they are sometimes called. Examples:
begonia, philodendron.

2.3f. Turf. Turf grasses are used for lawns or greens ( grass for golf courses). They
rightfully fall under landscape plants but have grown in importance to be in class
by themselves. Manila grass.

2.4. Plantation Crops. These are also classified according to their useful components. They
may have different cultural practices but their principal products can be substituted for
one another.

2.4a. Oil Crops. These are grown for their oil content, such as coconut, African oil palm,
lumbang, castor bean.

2.4b. Fiber Crops. These are grown for their fibers which are used for textiles, corsage,
pulp, paper twines, sacks, bags, mats, etc. For example abaca, buri, maguey, kapok,
cabo negro.

2.4c. Beverage Crops. Crops which are used for brewing non-alcoholic drinks, such as
cacao, tea, and coffee.

2.4d. Spices producing crops: black pepper (Piper nigrum), vanilla (Vanilla planifolia).

2.4e Aromatic or essential-oil producing crops: lemon grass or “tanglad”(Cymbopogon

citratus); citronella or “salay” ( C. winterianus); patchouli (Pogostemon
cablin);vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanoides); “ilang – ilang” (Cananga odorata).

2.4e. Latexes and Resins. These crops where products of the sap (latex) tapped or obtained
from the bark such as rubber.
Resins are organic substance from plants. It is solid or semisolid natural
organic substance secreted in the sap of some plants and trees that has a transparent
or translucent quality and a yellow or brown color. It is used in varnishes, paints,
adhesives, inks, and medicines.

2.4f. Medicinal and Biocidal Crops. Sources of pharmaceutical and insecticidal

compounds. Examples of native species which have been clinically tested to have
medicinal properties are lagundi (Vitex negundo), yerba buena ( Mentha cordiflora),
sambong (Blumea balsamifera).
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 10

The method of groupings of crops into agronomic and horticultural is based not only on
botanical differences but also on the purpose and extent by which the crops are cultivated, which
can be arbitrary, depending on the prevailing situations in the country.

Intensive and extensive cultivation based on physical area has been used as point of
distinction but this is no longer valid. In the Philippines, sweet potato, white potato and field
beans are still considered horticultural by virtue of their intensive nature of culture. However, in
other countries where the production of such crops is done in a highly mechanized and extensive
scale, they are classified as agronomic crops.

Intensive cultivation refers to a system in which a high amounts of inputs in terms of

capital, labor and technology is invested per unit of land area. In many horticultural crops, the
products are of high value as to warrant such large investments per unit of land area.

Another point of distinction is the state in which crop products are used. Horticultural
products are usually utilized in the “living state” and are thus highly perishable; high moisture
content of freshness is a necessary factor for quality. In contrast, the usable products of
agronomic crops are usually in high dry matter form or in a non-living state (Janick 1972).

Usage of the commodity has also been used as a basis of grouping crops. A good
example is maize, when it is grown and utilized as a grain crop, it is classified as agronomic;
when it is used as vegetable as in the case of young corn and sweet corn, it is classified as a
horticultural crop.

Summary of comparison between agronomic and and horticultural crop

Criteria Agronomic crops Horticultural crops

Commodities Cereals, grain legumes, Vegetables, fruits,
forages, sugarcane,etc. ornamental plants,
plantation crops,etc.
Diversity/per unit growing less more
area
Management extensive intensive

Adaptation limited wide

Utilization Eaten as staples Consumed with staples

Consumption Usually processed and are Usually eaten in fresh formed

eaten in the mature stage and can be eaten at any stage
depending on purpose
Aesthetic value lower higher

Nutritive value carbohydrates, protein and Provide important vitamin

lipids plus vitamins and and minerals, some
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 11

minerals carbohydrates, proteins and

lipids
Criteria Agronomic crops Horticultural crops

Life cycle Semi-annual, annual, few Semi-annual, annual, biennial

perennials and perennial
Compatibility to farming less Highly compatible
system
Moisture content of low high
harvested product

On top of above classification, the following are some of the classifications used:

1. Growth Duration

Annual Plant. Their life is completed in one growing season. Example: rice, tomato, squash,
corn.

Biennial. Thes plants complete their life cycle in two growing seasons. For example, sugar beet
grows vegetatively in the first season. In winter, it becomes vernalized and starts reproductive
growth in spring. Another example is bulb onion.

Perennial. Perennials are plants that have the ability to repeat their life cycle indefinitely by
circumbenting the death stage. They may be herbaceous, as in species with underground
vegetative structures called rhizomes (e.g. Indian grass), or aboveground structures called stolons
(e.g. buffalo grass). They may also be woody, as in shrubs, vines (grape), and trees (orange).

2. Stem type

Herb- crop plants that have non-woody stem, existing primarily in vegetative form (e.g. corn, or
sugarbeet).

Shrubs – with self supporting stem, is one with several more or less upright stems.

Tree – has a single central and woody stem and usually taller tha a shrub at its peak height.

3. Stem growth form

Certain plants can stand upright without artificial support, others cannot. Based on this
characteristics, plants are classified into:

Erect. Erect plants can stand upright without physical support, growing at about a 90-degree
angle to the ground. This feature is needed for mechanization of certain crops. Plant breeders
develop erect (bush) forms of non-erect (pole) cultivars for this purpose. There are both pole and
bush cultivars of crops such as bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in cultivation.
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 12

Decumbent. Plants with decumbent stem growth form, such as peanuts (Arachis hypogaea), are
extremely inclined with raised tips.

Creeping or repent. Plant in this category, such as strawberry (Fragaria spp.), have stems that
grow horizontally in the ground.

Climbing. Climbers are plant with modified vegetative parts (stems or leaves) that enable them
to wrap around a nearby physical support, so they do not have to creep on the ground, yam
(Dioscorea spp.).

4. Adaptation

4.1 The classification of plants on the basis of temperature adaptation are:

4.1a Cool season or temperate crops. These plants such as wheat and sugar beet prefer a
monthly temperature of between 15 and 18°C for growth and development.
4.1b Warm season or tropical plants. These plants such as corn and rice require warm
temperature of between 18 and 27°C during the growing season.

4.2 Response for light

4.2a Sciophytes. .A plant that prefers shady conditions. Example: Some orchids.
4.2b Heliophytes Plant that likes sunlight or a plant that can survive and grow in
direct sunlight or that grows best in direct sunlight. Example: Peanut, corn, rice

5. Habitat

5.1 Terrestrial. Plants that are living or growing on land rather than in the sea or on the air.
5.2 Aquatic. Plants that live or growing in water. Example: Lilies.
5.3 Halophytes .A plant capable of growing in salty soils. Found in salt marshes and
mangrove swamps, many halophytes could thrive in well-watered lands except for their
inability to compete with the other plants found there. Generally fleshy and with gray-
green foliage, many halophytes deal with the salt in their environment by eliminating it
through special salt-secreting glands in their leaves. Others store the salt in leaves and
stems that are shed at the end of the growing season, while the remaining halophytes
keep salt from entering their cells by means of semipermeable membranes in their roots.
One typical genus is that of the saltbush, Atriplex Example: Mangrove trees.
5.4 Epiphytes- plants that grow on live trees or dead trunks but do not depend on them for
water and nutrients. Example: orchids.

Botanical Classification of Crops

Family name, scientific name, English name, and local name for vegetables, fruits and
plantation crops

Family & Scientific Name English Name Local Name

A. VEGETABLES
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 13

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthus viridis L. Green Amaranth, Slender Kulitis, Uray
( A. gracilis Desf.) Amaranth
Apiaceae or Parsley Family
Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (Miller) Pers. Celery Seleri
(A. dulce Mill.)
Daucus carota subsp. sativus (hoffm. Arcang. Carrot Karot
Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Nyman ex. A.W. Parsley Parsli
Hill
Araceae or Arum Family
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott (Arum Dasheen, Cocoyam Gabi
esculentum) Taro, Eddo
Asteraceae (Compositae)
Lactuca sativa L. Lettuce Litsugas
Basellaceae
Basella alba L. Malabar spinach Alugbati
Basella rubra L. Malabar nightshade Grana
Ceylon spinach
(alba is green-stemmed; rubra
is red-stemmed)
Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) Mustard Family
Brassica juncea (L.) Leaf mustard Mustasa
Indian mustard
Brassica napus .L var.chinensis.L. Pak-choi Petsay
Pechay, Pet-sai
Brassica oleracea L. (botrytis group) Cabbage Repolyo
Brassica oleracea L. (capitata group) Cabbage Repolyo
Brassica rapa L.( pekinensis group) Chinese Cabbage Petsay Baguio
Nasturtium officinale R. Br. (Rorippa Watercress Watercress
nastursium aquaticum (L.) Hayek
Raphanus sativus L. Radish Labanos
Convolvulaceae or Morning Glory Family
Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. (Ipomoea reptans Swamp cabbage Kangkong
Poir.) Swamp morning glory
Tropical spinach

Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam Sweet potato Kamote

Yam (in USA)

Cucurbitaceae or Gourd Family

Benincasa hispida (Thumb.) Wax gourd Kondol
White gourd
Chinese preserving melon
Chinese fuzzy melon
Citrullus lunatus( Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai Watermelon Pakwan
Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.)
Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus Naud. Common muskmelon Hanidyu
Cucumis sativus L. Cucumber Pipino
Cucurbita maxima Duch. Pumpkin Kalabasa
Winter squash
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 14

Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) (Standl. (L. Bottle gourd Upo

leucantha (Lam.)(duch)Rusby) Spaghetti squash
White flowered gourd
Calabash gourd
Cucuzzi zucca melon
Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. Angled loofah Patolang
Chinese Okra tagalog
Vegetable gourd
Luffa aegyptiaca Mill (Luffa cylindrica Roem) Dishrag gourd Patola
Sponge gourd
Loofah
Momordica charantia L. Bitter gourd Ampalaya,
Bitter melon Amargoso
Balsam pear
Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.atz Chayote Sayote
Chocho
Merliton
Trichosanthes anguina L. Snake Gourd Pakupis
Liliaceae or Allium Family
Allium cepa L. var.cepa Common onion Sibuyas
Allium fistulosum L. Green onion Dahon ng
sibuyas
Allium cepa x A. fistulosum Beltsville bunching onion Dahon ng
sibuyas
Allium ameloprasum L.( Allium porrum L.) Leek Kutsai
Allium sativum L Garlic Bawang
Asparagus officinalis L. Asparagus Asparagus
Malvaceae
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)Moench Okra Okra
Hibiscus esculentus L Ladies finger
Gumbo
Moringaceae
Moringa oleifera Lam. Drumstick tree Malunggay
Leguminoseae
Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Pigeon pea Kadios
Cicer arietinum L. Chick pea Garbanzos
Glycine max L. Vegetable soy bean Utaw
Lablab purpureus L Sweet (Dolichos lablab L.) Hyacinth bean Batao
Egyptian bean
Sweet bonavist
Pachyrrhizus erosus (L.) Urb. Yambean Singkamas
Jicama
Phaseolus lunatus L Lima bean Patani
Phaseolus vulgaris L Common field bean Habichuelas
French string bean
Snap bean
Pisum sativum L. sub sp. sativum Garden pea, English pea Chicharo
Edible podded pea, Sugar pea
Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poir. Sesban Katuray
Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. Winged bean Sigarilyas
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 15

Tetragonolobus purpureus Moench.) Goa bean

4-angled bean
Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp subsp. unguiculata Cow pea Kibal, paayap
(V. sinensis (L.) Saui. ex. Hassk.) Black eye bean
Southern pea
Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp subsp Yardlong bean, Stringbean Sitao (mahaba)
sesquipedalis(L.) Verdc Longbean
Poaceae
Phyllostachys dulcys McClure Bamboo shoot Labong
Zea mays (L.) Sweet corn Mais
Portulacaceae or Orphine family
Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. Fame flower Talinum
Solanaceae or Nightshade Family
Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum Sweet pepper Sili
Capsicum frutescens L. Chili pepper Sili labuyo
Cayenne pepper
Tabasco pepper
Hot pepper
Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. (Lycopersicon Tomato Kamatis
lycopersicum (L.) Karsten)
Solanum melongena L. Eggplant Kamatis
Solanum tuberosum L. Potato Patatas
Tiliaceae
Chorchorus olitorius L. Jews mallows Saluyot
Bush okra
Zingiberaceae
Zingiber officinale Roscoe Ginger Luya

B. FRUIT CROPS
Anacardiceae
Anacardium occidentale L. Cashew Kasoy
Mangifera indica L. Mango Mangga
Spondias purpurea L. Purple mombin Sineguelas
Red mombin
Ciruela, Yallow mombin
Spanish plum,
Spondias
Annonaceae
Anona muricata Soursop Guyabano
Anona reticulata Custard apple Anonas
Bullocks heart
Anona squamosa Sugar apple Atis
Atis,
Corazon
Bombacaceae
Durio zibethinus Murr. Durian Durian
Bromeliaceae
Ananas comosus (L) Merr Pineapple Pinya
Burseracea
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Canarium ovatum Pili nut Pili

Caesalpiniaceae
Tamarindicus indica L. Tamarind Sampalok
Indian date
Caricaceae
Carica papaya L. Papaya Papaya
Pawpaw
Clusiaceae
Garcinia mangostana L. Mangosteen Mangostin
Ebenaceae
Diospyros discolor Mabolo Mabolo
(D. mabola Roxb.) Velvet apple
(D. blancoi) A. D. C.(D. utilis Hems.)
(D. philipinnensis)
Lauracea
Persea americana Mill var americana Avocado Abokado
(P. gratissima C.F. Gaertin) Alligator pear

Mimosaceae
Pithecellobiium dulce (Roxb.) Benth Camachile Kamachile
Malpighia glabra L. Acerola Aserola
Barbados cherry
Meliaceae
Lansium domesticum Corr. Lanzones Lansones
Langsat
Lanzon
Sandoricum koetjape (Burm. F.) Merr. (S. Santol Santol
indicum Cav.)
Moraceae
Artocarpus altilis (Parkins) Fosb.(A. communis Breadfruit Rimas
Forst.) Breadnut
Artocarpus camansi Blco. Seeded breadfruit Kamansi
Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Jackfruit Langka
Jaca, Jak
Artocarpus odoratissimus Blco. Marang Uloy
Musaceae
Musa spp. Banana Saging
Myrtaceae
Psidium guajava L. Guava Bayabas
Guayaba
Syzygium cumini (L) Skeels Java plum Duhat
(Eugenia cumini (L) Druce Black plum
Syzygium samarangense (Blm.) Merr & Perr Macopa Makopa
Rose apple
Curacao apple
Wax apple
Oxilidaceae
Averrhoa bilimbi L. Bilimbi Kamias
Averrhoa carambola L. Starfruit Balimbing
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 17

Carambola
Passifloraceae
Pasiflora edulis Sims Purple granadilla Pasionara,
Passion fruit passion de flor
Pasiflora quadrangularis L. Giant granadilla Masaplora,
granadilya
Punicaceae
Punica granatum L. Pomegranate Granada
Granada
Rutaceae
Citrofortunella mitis(Blco.) J. Ingram & H. Calamansi Kalamansi
Moore (Citrus mitis Blco.) (Citrus madurenesis
Lour)
Citrus aurantifolia (Chris. & Panz)Swingle True lime Dayap
Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. Lemon Limon
Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck Sweet orange Kahel
Sapindaceae
Nephelium lappaceum L. Rambutan Rambutan
Sapotaceae
Chrysophyllum cainito L. Starapple Caimito
Manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen Chico Chico
(Achras zapota (Mill.)Fosb.) Sapota
Vitaceae
Vitis vinifera L. Grape Ubas

C. PLANTATION CROPS
Agavaceae
Agave cantala Cantala, Maguey Maguey
Agave sisalana Sisal hemp Sisal
Arecaceae
Arenga pinnat Sugar palm Kaong
Cocos nucifera Coconut Niyog
Elaeis guineensis African oil palm Oil palm
Asteraceae
Blumea balsamifera Nagi camphor Sambong
Bixaceae
Bixa orellana L. Annatto, Lipstick tree Atsuete
Bombacaceae
Ceiba pentandra Silk-cotton tree, Kapok Kapok
Euphorbiaceae
Hevea brasiliensis Rubber Raber goma
Ricinus communis L. Castor bean Lingasina, lansina
Lamiaceae
Mentha arvesis L. Japanese mint Yerba Buena
Lauraceae
Canella verum Cinnamon, Canella Cinnamon
Lythraceae
 2010 ALE Review –Crop Science| 18

Lagerstroemia speciosa Banaba Banaba

Musdeceae
Musa textiles Abaca Abaka
Manila hemp
Orchidaceae
Vanilla planifolia Vanilla Banilya
Piperaceae
Piper nigrum L. Black pepper Paminta
Rubiaceae
Coffea sp. Coffee Kape

Sterculiaceae
Theobroma cacao L. subsp. Cacao Kakaw
Theaceae
Camellia sinensis var. Tea Tsa
sinensis L. (Thea sinensis L.)
Verbenaceae
Vitex negundo L. Five leaved chaste Lagundi
Zingiberaceae
Cucuma tonga L. Turmeric Luyang dilaw

D. AGRONOMICAL CROPS/FIELD CROPS

English Name Scientific Name Family Name

Bread wheat Triticum aristatum L. Gramineae
Castor bean Ricinus communis L. Euphorbiaceae
Centrosema Centrosema pubescens L. Leguminoseae
Chick pea Cicer arietinum L. Leguminoseae
Corn Zea mays L. Gramineae
Cotton Gossypium hirsutum L. Malvaceae
Cowpea Vigna sinensis L. Leguminoseae
Vigna unguiculata L.
Field bean Phaseolus vulgaris L. Leguminoseae
Field pea Pisum sativum L. Leguminoseae
Grain sorghum Sorghum bicolor L. Gramineae
Ipil-ipil Leucaena leucocephala L. Leguminoseae
Jute Chorchorus capsularis L. Tiliaceae
Chorchorus oilitorius L.
Mungbean Vigna radiata L. Leguminoseae
Peanut Arachis hypogaea L. Leguminoseae
Pigeonpea Cajanus cajan L. Leguminoseae
Rice Oryza sativa L. Gramineae
Sesame Sesamum indicum L. Pedaliaceae
Soybean Glycine max L. Leguminoseae
Sunflower Helianthus anuus L. Compositae
Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum Solanaceae
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References

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