RPA QUESTION BANK 2023 - SOLVED

MODULE-1

1. What is RPA? Give examples of where RPA can be applied. Explain the different
flavours of RPA. Briefly explain the components of RPA.
○ RPA (Robotic Process Automation) is the technology that enables software
'robots' to carry out repetitive, rule-based digital tasks.
○ Humans typically perform these tasks through the user interface, using the
mouse and keyboard.
○ RPA robots are capable of mimicking human actions, and they are typically
more accurate, faster, and more consistent at it.
○ RPA can be applied in the following scenarios:-
■ The cut-and-paste of information from one app to another
■ The opening of a website and login
■ The opening of an e-mail and attachments
■ The read/write of a database
■ The extraction of content from forms or documents
■ The use of calculations and workflows
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2. Explain any three benefits of RPA and two downsides of RPA.

Benefits of RPA-
○ Higher quality: services, greater accuracy: With reduced human error and
greater compliance, the quality of work is much better.
○ Improved analytics: Since these software Robots can log each action taken
with the appropriate tag and metadata, it is very easy to get business insights
and other analytical data. Using analytics on the collected data such as
transaction received time, transaction complete time, and predictions can be
made for the incoming volume and ability to complete the tasks on time.
○ Reduced costs: Nowadays, it is commonplace to hear that one Robot is
equivalent to three human full-time executives (FTE). This is based on the
simple fact that one FTE works for eight hours a day, while a Robot can work
for 24 hours without a break. Increased availability and productivity means the
cost of operations is reduced tremendously. The speed of the work being
performed coupled with multitasking results in further reductions in cost.
○ Increased speed: Robots are very fast and sometimes the speed of execution
has to be reduced to match the speed and latency of the application on which
these Robots work. Increased speed can result in better response times and an
increase in the volume of the tasks being performed.
○ Greater compliance: As mentioned earlier, a full audit trail is one of the
highlights of RPA and can result in greater compliance. These Robots do not
deviate from the defined set of steps to be taken while doing a task and hence it
will certainly result in better compliance.
○ Agility: Reducing and increasing the number of Robot resources requires
managing the volume of the business process. This is just a click away. More
Robots can be deployed to perform the same task easily. Redeployment of
resources does not require any kind of coding or reconfiguration.
○ Comprehensive insights: In addition to the audit trail and time stamping,
Robots can tag transactions to use them later, in reports for business insight. By
using these business insights, better decisions can be made for the
improvement of the business. This recorded data can also be used for
forecasting.
○ Versatility: RPA is applicable across industries performing a wide range of
tasks from small to large businesses, simple to complex processes.
○ Simplicity: RPA does not need prior programming knowledge. Most platforms
provide designs in the form of flowcharts. This simplicity enables easy
automation of business processes, leaving the IT professionals relatively free to
carry out higher value work.

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○ Scalability: RPA is highly scalable, up as well as down. Whether one requires
an increase or reduction in the virtual workforce, Robots can be quickly
deployed at zero or minimum costs while maintaining consistency in the quality
of work
○ Time savings: Not only does the virtual workforce complete large volumes of
work in a shorter span of time with precision, but they help save time in another
way too. If there is any changedsay, a technology upgrade is much easier and
faster for the virtual workforce to adapt to the changes. This can be done by
bringing about modifications in the programming or introducing new processes.
For humans, it is difficult for them to learn and get trained in something new,
breaking from the old habit of performing repetitive tasks.
○ Increased employee satisfaction: With repetitive, dreary tasks now being
taken over by the virtual workforce, employees are not just relieved of their
workload, but can also engage in better quality work that requires the use of
human capabilities and strengths such as emotional intelligence, reasoning, or
tending to customers.

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3. Explain On-Premise RPA vs RPA deployed in the cloud.

The traditional IT system approach is the use of on-premise technology. This
means that a company purchases and sets up its own hardware and software in its
own data centre. Some of the benefits include:
● A company has complete control over everything. This is particularly
important for regulated industries that require high levels of security and
privacy.
● With on-premise software, you may have a better ability to customise the
solution to your company’s unique needs and IT policies.
However, the on-premise technology model has serious issues as well. One of the
biggest is the cost, which often involves large up-front capital expenses. Then
there is the ongoing need for maintenance, upgrades, and monitoring. All in all, it
means that the IT department may be spending valuable time on non core
activities. And finally, the use of point applications like Excel can lead to a
fragmented environment, in which it becomes difficult to centralise data because
there are so many files spread across the organisation. Because of all this,
companies have been looking at another approach – that is, cloud computing.

The cloud also has different approaches, such as the following:

● Public Cloud: This is the model we’ve been covering so far in this chapter.
That is, the cloud is accessed from remote servers, such as from AWS,
Salesforce.com, and Microsoft. The servers have an architecture known as
multi tenant that allows the users to share a large IT infrastructure in a secure
manner. This greatly helps to achieve economies of scale, which would not be
possible if a company created its own cloud.
● Private Cloud: This is when a company owns the data centre. True, there are
not the benefits of the economies of scale from a public cloud. But this may not
be a key consideration. Some companies might want a private cloud because of
control and security.
● Hybrid Cloud: This is a blend of the public and private clouds. For example,
the public cloud may handle less mission-critical functions.

As for RPA, the cloud has different implications and impacts. One is that a platform
needs to deal with complex distributed applications, which can be difficult if a
company develops custom programs on a cloud service. Most RPA platforms
actually started as on-premise software and generally did not transition to the
cloud until recently.

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4. Briefly discuss w.r.t RPA implementation on:
OCR, Database, APIs, AI, DevOps
i) OCR
● A key feature for an RPA platform is OCR (Optical Character Recognition), a
technology that has actually been around for decades.
● It has two parts: a document scanner (which could even be something like
your smartphone) and software that recognizes text. In other words, with
OCR, you can scan an image, PDF, or even handwritten documents – and the
text will be recognized.
There are many challenges with effective OCR scanning, such as:
○ The size of a font
○ The shape of the text
○ The skewness (is the text rotated or slanted?)
○ Blurred or degraded text
○ Background noise
○ Understanding different language
● Because of all this, OCR in the early years was far from accurate. But over
time, with the advances in AI algorithms, fuzzy logic, and more powerful
hardware, the technology has seen great strides in accuracy rates, which can
be close to 100%.
● The OCR can better capture the workflows by recognizing words and other
visuals on the screen. So, even if there is a change of the location of these
items, the RPA system can still identify them.
● Even though RPA systems may have their own OCR, this may not necessarily
be enough.
● Some industries and segments, such as healthcare, insurance, government
and banking, still rely heavily on handwritten forms – all of which can be
time-consuming and costly.
● But there are OCR systems that can help out, such as HyperScience. The
software leverages sophisticated machine learning (ML) technology to quickly
and accurately extract the information
ii) Database:
● Database is a unit which stores data that can be searched and updated. This
is usually done by putting the information in tables (i.e., rows and columns
of information).
● The dominant form is the relational database that uses structured data. To
interact with this, there is a scripting language called SQL (Structured Query
Language), which is relatively easy to learn.
● While relational databases proved to be quite effective, there were still some
nagging issues.

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● The biggest was data sprawl. This describes when there is a growing
number of tables that proliferate across the organisation. This often makes it
extremely difficult to centralise the data, which can make it challenging to get
a holistic view.
● Another problem was that relational databases were not cheap. And as new
technologies came on the scene, such as cloud computing and real-time
mobile applications, it became more difficult to process the data.
● Given all this, there emerged various alternatives to relational databases. For
example, there was the data warehouse that started as an open source
project in the late 1990s from Doug Cutting. The technology would undergo
various iterations, resulting in the development of Hadoop.
● Initially, Yahoo! used this to handle the Big Data demands from its massive
digital platforms. Then other major companies, like Facebook and Twitter,
adopted Hadoop. The key was that a data warehouse could make it possible
to get a 360 degree view of data
● Companies like Google, Amazon.com, and Microsoft have been investing
heavily in data warehouse systems. There are also some fast-growing
start-ups, like Snowflake, that are pushing the boundaries of innovation.
● Another major secular trend is the transition of databases to the cloud.
According to research from Gartner, about 75% will be migrated.
● Going forward, there is likely to be much innovation with database
technology. Yet relational databases will remain the majority of what
companies use – which also means that this will also be what RPA interacts
with as well.
iii) APIs
● An API – “application programming interface” – is software that connects two
applications.
● APIs are pervasive in enterprise environments since they are so effective.
They also have different structures.The most common is a REST
(representational state transfer) API.
● Some important things about the APIs are as follows:
○ The technology requires having people with technical backgrounds.
○ The development of an API can take time and require complex
integration. There is also the need for ongoing testing. However, there
are third-party services that can help out.
○ There must be a focus on maintaining an API (it’s not uncommon for an
API to break if there is a change in the structure).
● Some of the issues of APIs are:
○ One is metering, which means that you may be limited to a certain
number of requests per day or hour.

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○ Higher pricing.
○ APIs can have bugs and glitches, especially when in complex IT
environments.
Because of the difficulties, RPA has proven to be a very attractive alternative.
Again, the development is much easier and there is less of a need for
integration. But, interestingly enough, an RPA platform can be a vehicle for
delivering advanced APIs within the enterprise.
iv) AI
● A typical RPA system does not have much AI (Artificial Intelligence). The main
reason is that there is a literal carrying out of tasks, which does not require
any smart system.
● AI is actually made up of a variety of subcategories:
○ Machine Learning : This is where a computer can learn and improve by
processing data without having to be explicitly programmed. Machine
learning is actually one of the oldest forms of AI and uses traditional
statistical methods like k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) and the naive Bayes
classifier.
○ Deep Learning : Some of the important factors for deep learning include
the enormous growth in data, the use of GPUs (graphics processing
units) that provide for ultrafast parallel processing, and innovation in
techniques like backpropagation. Deep learning is about using so-called
neural networks – such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs),
convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and generative adversarial
networks (GANs) – to find patterns that humans often cannot detect. NLP
(natural language processing): This is AI that helps understand
conversations. The most notable examples of this include Siri, Cortana,
and Alexa.

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● AI has some major issues, such as the following:

○ Bias : According to IBM: “Bad data can contain implicit racial, gender, or
ideological biases. Many AI systems will continue to be trained using bad
data, making this an ongoing problem.”
○ Causation: This technology is really about finding correlations in data not
causation – and this is a major limiting factor.
○ Common Sense: A human does not have to process many cases to
understand certain rules of thumb. We just naturally understand them. But
with AI, common sense has been extremely difficult to code because of
the ambiguity and the lack of useful data for the seemingly infinite use
cases.
○ Black Box : Deep learning can have an enormous number of layers and
parameters. This means it can be nearly impossible for a person to
understand why the model is generating certain results. True, this may not
be a problem with facial recognition. But with applications in regulated
industries, it could mean that deep learning is not viable.
○ Comprehension : An AI system cannot truly understand what it is
reading or observing. For example, if it read War and Peace, it would not
be able to provide thoughts on the character development, themes, and
so on.
○ Static: So far, deep learning has been mostly useful with constrained
environments, such as with board games. There is a defined set of
dimensions, objects, and rules – the kinds of things that computers work
well with. It is also possible to conduct millions of simulations to learn.
○ Conceptual Thinking: AI cannot understand abstract ideas like justice,
misery, or happiness. There is also a lack of imagination and creativity.
○ Brain: A typical brain has 86 billion neurons and trillions of synapses. And
it only needs 50 watts a day to run! Modern computers can come
nowhere matching this power. So if AI is to truly achieve real intelligence,
there will need to be some dramatic breakthroughs.
v) DevOps
● DevOps has emerged as a critical part of a company’s digital transformation.
● The “Dev” part of the word is actually more than just about coding software. It
also refers to the complete application process.
● “Ops” is another broad term, which encompasses system engineers and
administrators as well as database administrators, network engineers,
security experts, and operations staff.
● DevOps has come about because of some major trends in IT. One is the use
of agile development approaches . Next is the realisation that organisations
need to combine technical and operational staff when introducing new
technologies and innovations.
● DevOps has proven effective in working with cloud computing environments.

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5. Explain Agile, Scrum. Kanban and Waterfall software management approaches.

■ Agile: Agile was created back in the 1990s The focus of this was to allow for
incremental and iterative development, which begins with a detailed plan. This
also requires much communication across the teams and should involve people
from the business side of the organisation.
■ Scrum: This is actually a subset of Agile. But the iterations are done as quick
sprints, which may last a week or two. This can help with the momentum of a
project but also make a larger project more manageable
■ Kanban: This comes from the Japanese word for visual sign or card (the roots of
the system go back to Toyota’s high-quality manufacturing processes). With
Kanban, there is the use of visuals to help streamline the process.
■ Waterfall: This is the traditional code development model, which goes back to
the 1970s. The waterfall model is about following a structured plan that goes over
each step in much detail. To help this along, there may be the use of a project
management tool, say, a Gantt chart.

6. Explain the different BPO strategies along with their drawbacks.

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7. Define Robotic Process Automation. What should be automated and what can be
automated?

RPA involves bots that perform a set of specified actions or tasks, Tasks that are done
repetitively and are rule-based should be automated such as the following:
● The cut-and-paste of information from one app to another
● The opening of a website and login
● The opening of an e-mail and attachments
● The read/write of a database
● The extraction of content from forms or documents
● The use of calculations and workflows

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8. How does RPA differ from other forms of Automation like Excel Macro?

RPA Excel Macro

Automation Level Fully automated Partially automated

Level Of Usage Enterprise-level Personal-level

Designed to work within one

Software Integration Adaptable to multiple softwares
platform

Level Of Administration Easy administration Manual macros administration

Programming Skills No programming skills required Macro creation requires coding

Quick speed but requires

Implementation Speed Average speed
constant modification

Data collection Data collection & entry is automated Data collection & entry is manual

Flexibility More flexible More rigid

Dynamic and can be reprogrammed Strict in performing once

Reusability
and reused programmed

Application Integration Any application Limited to MS Office (Excel)

9. Discuss the different flavours of RPA in detail and List any 4 RPA vendors.
Refer Q.1 & Q.19 (Repeated Question)

10. Compare RPA with BPO, BPM and BPA.

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MODULE-2

11. What is a Task recorder and discuss the types of recording in UiPath?

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12. Illustrate with a neat diagram the components of RPA.

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13. List and explain the different types of panels available in UiPath.

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(Same question Q.16 asked in a different way)

14. Describe the four types of projects provided by UiPath? Explain sequence with the
help of an example.

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Example of Sequence: Explain in own words :)

15. Explain the UiPath stack.

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16. Elaborate the User interface of UiPath studio with diagrams.

Refer Q.13 (Same question asked in a different way)

17. Demonstrate the steps involved in emptying the trash in Gmail using UiPath Recorder
and draw the flowchart.
UIPath Sequence SnapShot:

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Step-by-Step Process: video Module 2 EmptyingGmailTrash automation shankar

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18. Demonstrate the steps involved in emptying the Recycle bin using UiPath Recorder
and draw the flowchart.
UIPath Sequence SnapShot:

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Step-by-Step Process: video Module 2 EmptyingRecycleBin automation shankar

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19. Identify the components of RPA and RPA Platforms with a neat diagram.

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MODULE-3

20. Design an automation process to have an excel sheet having names and their
corresponding unicorn names from the website
https://www.rpasamples.com/unicornname.

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21. Design a Flowchart using UIPath to check whether the given year is leap year or not
via do- while activity. You need to continue taking the input as long as the customer
gives a non leap year.

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22. Design a Flowchart using UIPath to extract the first 4 characters of the customer’s
name.

.
23. List out the different types of variables in RPA. Discuss the Categories of Variables .

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24. Demonstrate an example using sequence and control flow to read an array of names
and to count the number of names that start with the letter 'a' (with UiPath flowchart)

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25. Consider an array of names. Demonstrate an automation process to find out the
length of each item.

26. Show a Flowchart using UiPath to enter a string and show all the vowels in it.

Condition: item.ToString.Equals("a") Or item.ToString.Equals("e") Or item.ToString.Equals("i")

Or item.ToString.Equals("o") Or item.ToString.Equals("u")

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27. Define data table. Demonstrate the steps to build a data table and to display its
contents. (with UiPath flowchart)

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28. Show a Flowchart using UiPath to show multiplication table for customer’s value
using for activity

for each item in Enumerable.Range(1,10)

Value to save:
result +num+" "+"*"+" "+item.ToString+" ="+" "+product.ToString+" "+Environment.NewLine

29. Show a Flowchart using UiPath to check the given number is prime or not

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30. Design an automation process to Create a datatable and then write all the contents to
a Excel file and vice versa with an example

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31. Analyse the five methods that are frequently used with an Excel file with design
examples. (with UiPath flowchart).

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32. Develop a Flowchart using UiPath to increase the integer variable from 5 to 50 in
increments of 5 using While control flow activity.

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33. Develop a Flowchart using UiPath to enter two numbers and check whether their sum
is less than 20.

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34. Design a Flowchart using UIPath to check if the given number is odd or even.

35. Identify the following excel activities with flowchart in UiPath

a) Read the cell value
b) write a value to the cell
c) Read Range
d) Write Range
e) Append Range

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MODULE-4

36. Flipkart often announces Big Billion Days sale. Imagine you have a startup and you
have to make an informed decision about the sales and discounts happening on
Flipkart so as to increase your sales and to attract more customers. Analyse how
you can do this via scraping their products across wide categories to a spreadsheet.

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37. Explain mouse and keyboard activities.

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38. Demonstrate any five types of control flow activities with design examples. (with
UiPath flowchart).

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39. Demonstrate an Automation Process to change fonts by sending hotkeys in a

notepad file.

(The flowchart can be changed to obtain the appropriate font options)

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40. Analyze Screen scraping via an example and explain the different scraping
methods. (with UiPath flowchart).

Screen Scraping is a method of extracting data from documents, websites, and

PDFs. It is a very powerful method for extracting text. We can extract text using the
Screen Scraper wizard. The Screen Scraper wizard has three scraping methods:
● Full text: The Full text activity is used to extract information from various types of
documents and websites. It has a 100% accuracy rate. It is the fastest method
among all three methods. It even works in the background. It is also capable of
extracting hidden text. However, it is not suitable for Citrix environments.
● Native: This is similar to the Full text method but has some differences. It has a
slower speed than the Full text method. It has a 100% accuracy rate, like the Full
text method. It does not work in the background. It has an advantage over the Full
text method in that it is also capable of extracting the text's position. It cannot
extract hidden text. It also does not work with a Citrix environment.
● OCR: This method is used when the previous two methods fail to extract
information. It uses the two OCR engines: Microsoft OCR and Google OCR. It has
also a scale property: you can choose the scale level as per your need. Changing
the scale property will give the best results.

Let us consider an example of extracting text from the UiPath website's main page:
1. Create a Blank project and give it a meaningful name.
2. Log on to the UiPath website by logging in to www.uipath.com in your browser.
3. Drag and drop a Flowchart activity on the Designer panel. Click on the Screen
Scraping icon and locate the area from which you want to extract the information.
Just choose an area on the UiPath website. A window will pop up stating that the
AUTOMATIC method failed to scrape this UI Element. By default, the Screen
Scraper Wizard chooses the best scraping method to extract data, but it failed to do
so in our case:

4. Try choosing another method. We shall choose the Full text method. This too will
fail. Next, choose the Native method. This will also fail.

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5. This time, choose the OCR Scraping method. You can clearly see the extracted
text.

41. Analyse any four activities that can be used to find the controls on screen. (with
UiPath flowchart).

a) Anchor base
This control is used for locating the UI element by looking at the UI element next to
it. This activity is used when we do not have a reliable selector.
1. Drag and drop a Flowchart activity on the Designer panel of a blank project. Also,
drag and drop an Anchor base control from the Activities panel. Connect the Anchor
base control with Start.
2. Double-click on the Anchor base control:

3. There are two activities that we have to supply to the Anchor base control:
Anchor and action activities.
4. Drag and drop the Anchor base activity (for example; Find Element activity) in the
Anchor field and Action activity (for example; Type into) in the Drop Action Activity
Here field of the Anchor base control. The Anchor base activity will find the relative

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element nearby the element on which you want to perform the Action, and the
Action activity will perform the appropriate action that you have specified.

b) Element scope
This control is used to attach a UI element and perform multiple actions on it. You
can use a bunch of actions within a single UI element.
Drag and drop the Element scope control and double-click on this control:

c) Find children
This control is used to find all the children UI elements of a specified UI element. It
also retrieves a collection of children UI elements. Drag and drop the Find children
control from the Activities panel. Double-click on it to indicate the UI element that
you want to specify. You can indicate it by clicking on Indicate on screen:

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d) Indicate on screen
This control is used to indicate and select the UI element or region at runtime. It
gives flexibility to indicate and select the UI element or region while running the
workflow. You just have to drag and drop this control in your project:

42. Analyse a workflow to extract text from an image using OCR activity. (with UiPath
flowchart).

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43. Take a look at the above image. Analyse how you can extract the text via OCR
activity. Also discuss the types of OCR available in UiPath studio. (with UiPath
flowchart).
Refer Q.42 for flowchart and text extraction.
Types of OCR:

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44. Analyse the Keyboard and Mouse control Activities used in UiPath Automation.
MOUSE ACTIVITIES
Those activities that involve interaction with the mouse fall under the category of
mouse activities. There are three mouse activities in UiPath Studio:
1. The Click activity
When we have to click on a UI element on the screen, we generally use the Click
activity. It is very easy to use the Click activity.
i) Drag and drop a Flowchart on the Designer panel. Search for mouse in the search
bar of the Activities panel. Drag and drop the Click activity. Right-click on the Click
activity and select Set as Start Node.
ii) Double-click on the Click activity. Click on Indicate on screen and indicate the UI
element you want to click on:

2. The Double-click activity

The Double Click activity is similar to the Click activity. It just performs the
double-click action. Using the Double click activity in your project is almost the same
as ‘click’. You have to use the Double click activity instead of the Click activity and
indicate the UI element.
3. The Hover activity
The Hover activity is used to hover over a UI element. Sometimes, we have to hover
over a UI to perform an action. The Hover activity can be used in this case:
i) Drag and drop a Flowchart on the Designer panel. Search for mouse in the search
bar of the Activities panel. Drag and drop the Hover activity. Right-click on the Hover
activity and select Set as Start Node.
ii) Double-click on the Hover activity. Click on Indicate on screen to indicate the UI
element you want to hover on. That's it. We are done. Hit the Run Button to see the
result.

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KEYBOARD ACTIVITIES
While automating tasks, we have to deal with keyboard activities a lot of a time.
Keyboard activities generally involve an interaction with a keyboard. In UiPath
Studio, the following are keyboard activities:
1. Send Hotkey
This activity is used to send keystrokes from the keyboard as an input to the screen.
Example- Using Send hotkey activity to scroll the Flipkart main page:
i) Drag and drop a Flowchart on the Designer panel. Search for the keyboard in the
search bar of the Activities panel. Drag and drop a Send hotkey activity. Right click
on the Send hotkey activity and select Set as Start Node.
ii) Double-click on the Send hotkey activity. Click on the Indicate on screen and
indicate the required page . You can assign any key by marking the checkboxes.
You can also specify the key by selecting a key from the drop-down list. In our
example, we have chosen the down key:

2.Type into activity

This activity is used to type the text into the UI element. It also supports special
keys. The Type into activity is quite similar to the Send hotkey activity. We have to
send the keystrokes along with the special keys. Special keys are optional:

You can use this activity by simply dragging and dropping the Type into activity, and
specifying the keystrokes and the special keys by clicking on the + icon and
choosing the key from the drop-down list (if you wish to send special keys also). You
also have to Indicate on screen the area where you want the text to be typed.
3.Type secure text
This activity is used to send secure text to the UI element. It sends the string in a
secure way:
i) Drag and drop a Flowchart on the Designer panel. Search for keyboard in the
search bar of the Activities panel. Drag and drop the Type secure text activity.
Right-click on the Type secure text activity and select Set as Start Node.

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ii) Create a variable of type SecureString. Now, double-click on the Type secure text
activity and specify the variable's name in the SecureText property of the Type
SecureText activity. You also have to indicate on the screen by clicking on Indicate
on screen.

45. A use case of RPA in amazon webstore was discussed. Interpret an Automation
Process to extract the list of books named “RPA using UiPath” from the URL
“Amazon.com” and build a data table to display the list of the first 50 book titles and
their URL using dynamic data scraping.
(For this question an approach similar to the one below is followed with “RPA using UiPath”
searched in the amazon search instead of books. The entities include book name and URL)

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46. Extracting results from the VTU website is a tedious time consuming and repetitive
task. Design an Automation Process to extract the results from the VTU website. list
out the techniques applied and explain them in detail. ***

47. Demonstrate automation for opening Notepad, write some data into it, copy the data
to the clipboard. and then extract the data from the clipboard.

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MODULE-5

48. Analyse a workflow for Facebook login to perform exception handling mechanisms for
the following. (with UiPath flowchart) ***
i) If the login page closes immediately
ii) If any UI element not responding
iii) When to use the System. Exception

49. Analyse the various debugging techniques.

There are various techniques provided by UiPath Studio for debugging in order to
check whether the workflow is running successfully or to find out errors in order to
rectify them. At the top of the UiPath window, we can see various available methods
of debugging inside the EXECUTE block.
There are various techniques for debugging. They are:
● Setting breakpoints
● Slow step
● Highlighting
● Break

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50. Analyse six common exceptions and the ways to handle them. (with UiPath flowchart)
Six Common exceptions and ways to handle them -
1. Unavailability of UI element:
When working on UiPath, especially on the web, we may encounter this type
of error. This is because the UI element was not found due to the dynamic
behaviour of the web page.
To handle this exception, we have to make changes in the selector attributes
or we have to add new attributes to the selector so that the UI element can be
easily found. For example, if we have a variable which is dynamically
changing, we can use a wildcard so that it can be easily found by the robot.
We can edit the dynamic attribute of the selector using wildcard characters.
Another way is to attach it to the live element.

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2. Handling runtime exceptions:
We may encounter runtime errors while working in UiPath like divide by zero
error.
To rectify these errors, one of the best practices is to use the Try catch
activity, which can be used to handle exceptions at runtime. By keeping an
alternative inside the catch block, we can also overcome the error which we
encountered before. So placing your sequence or workflow inside the Try
catch activity will help you handle runtime exceptions.

3. Orbit reference not set to the instant of an object:

This type of error usually occurs when the default value required for some
variable is not provided.
In that case, we are required to give a default value to the required variable,
as shown in the following screenshot. In the empty area indicated in the
following screenshot, just type the default value of the variable in order to
overcome this error.

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4. Index was outside the bounds of an array. Index out of the range
This error occurs when we try to iterate array elements by an index which is
out of range. This happens when we are not aware of the size of the array
and we just randomly type the index to access the element.
To resolve this, we must check the size of the indexes of the array or the
collective list.

5. Image not found in the provided timeout:

This type of exception is thrown because the image was not found. This may
be due to a change of environment, such as resolution or theme settings.
In this case, using some selector attribute or indicating an anchor will work
well. Indicate Anchor will help us indicate the UI element nearby so that the
recorder can identify the correct image.

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6. Click Generic error - cannot use UI CONTROL API on this UI node please
use UI Hardware ELEMENTS method
This type of error occurs when the environment in which we are trying to use
the Click activity does not support Simulate or Send message activity (used
by us to click the UI element). Sometimes, either SimulateClick or the
SendWindowMessages may be checked.
In both cases, when an exception is thrown we just have to uncheck the
appropriate box.

51. Analyse a workflow for Excel Application and display its contents via a message box
to perform exception handling mechanisms for the following. (with UiPath flowchart)
○ If the excel file has been closed.
○ If the message box is not displaying the data as expected (string).

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(Note: if questions asks for “excel file is closed” then use write range activity instead of
read range activity in the flowchart and change the explanation accordingly)

52. Analyse the common exceptions arise while working in UiPath

Refer Q.50 (without flowcharts)

53. Analyse the scenarios where the normal implementation would fail and discuss the
entities to tackle failure points
There are 6 scenarios where the normal implementation of an automation could fail:
1. Unavailability of UI element: When working on UiPath, especially on the web,
the UI element would not be found due to the dynamic behaviour of the web
page.
2. Handling runtime exceptions: similar to any program running, We may
encounter runtime errors while working in UiPath.

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3. Orbit reference not set to the instant of an object: This type of error usually
occurs when the default value required for some variable is not provided
4. Index was outside the bounds of an array. Index out of the range This error
occurs when we try to iterate array elements by an index which is out of
range.
5. Image not found in the provided timeout: This type of exception is thrown
because the image was not found. This may be due to a change of
environment, such as resolution or theme settings
6. Click Generic error - cannot use UI CONTROL API on this UI node please use
UI Hardware ELEMENTS method This type of error occurs when the
environment in which we are trying to use the Click activity does not support
Simulate or Send message activity

The entity used to handle exceptions is the Try-catch activity. The Try catch activity can be
found in the Activities panel.

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54. What are client logging and server logging? Explain enabling and disabling crash
dumps.
UiPath has a multi-process architecture that offers to execute each workflow
separately in the executor. Executors are managed by UI robots. So, if any executor
stops working, then the entire process will not be affected. Logs are maintained on
both client and server side.

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Collecting crash dumps basically refers to collecting information when your UiPath
Studio crashes. These dumps provide us with information regarding the UiPath crash.
Memory dumps are of two types:- full dumps and minidumps. Full dumps provide us
with complete information about the encountered crash while minidumps provide us
with just the main information regarding the crash. We can enable and disable crash
dumps.

Enabling crash dumps:

The following are the steps to enable crash dumps:
● To enable crash dumps, we first have to download the EnableFullDump.erg
file for full dumps or the EnableMiniDump.erg file.
● Double-click the file and click Yes. Administrator rights are needed to access
the registry settings
● The dumps folder is %TEMP% whose complete path is like
C:\\users2;username\AppData\Local\TEMP
● When the application crashes, you will find the .dmp file in the TEMP folder.
● For example, if UiExplorer crashes then a file such as
UiExplorer.exe.7429.dmp will be found in the TEMP folder

Disabling crash dumps:

To disable crash dumps, perform the following steps:
● Download the DiasableDump.reg file
● Double-click the file and click Yes to disable crash dumps, Administration
rights are needed for this action.

Compiled with best wishes from

● Prof. Shankar R, CSE BMSIT&M
● Prof. Bharathi R, CSE BMSIT&M
● Shravani V, Suraksha M A, Ujwala B, Tejaskriya, Syed Tabraiz & Rishab Rokhade :)

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PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER - VTU

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