1)INTRODUCTION This project report is based on the topic of reusable rockets, and to make rockets reusable is need of the time. Thus, this research report will explain the methods and findings that how rockets can be made reusable. The rockets in present date are not reusable as when different stages of rockets fall down they become completely useless and for every mission the rocket has to be made again. This increases the cost of each and every mission. It is important to make the rockets reusable as making a new rocket each and every time adds a lot of extra cost and a reusable rocket can reduce cost and can be cost effective and this one of is its biggest advantages. It is interesting to make a rocket reusable as it can be used again for frequent and upcoming missions and thus saves time of making a new one. Also making a reusable rocket is a onetime investment and can be used again for other missions again
2)RESEARCH QUESTION This research paper aims to address the problem that, the rockets is present date cannot be used again and thus increasing the cost and the whole process of making the rocket again is time taking. This paper will work on the problem that how rockets can be made reusable. 3)METHODS The research was conducted in many ways. The data was collected through a number of sources including websites, videos etc. The research was conducted through observations like why rockets cannot be used again, what problems do different stages of a rocket faces at the time of atmospheric re-entry etc. and then finding a solution to these problems. The main problem was that why rockets cannot land vertically again on earth and how to decrease its downward velocity and control its descent. All the data and observation helped a lot in conducting the research and in understanding the problem.
4)FINDINGS Through all the collected data and necessary information for the research there were a number of findings and outcomes which are as follows:
Firstly the main problem as discussed above was that why
rockets can’t be reused. The thing is that all the rockets in the present date do not fly and reach outer space in single piece but instead there are different stages added to the rocket which fall off and become completely useless and the solution to this problem it as I see is that we should make a rocket in a single piece and making it a bit longer than normal rockets. This will also make it more aerodynamic. When the stages of rockets fall they either burn due to heat caused at time of atmospheric re-entry or sink in ocean waters. Heat caused due to friction in air is main problem. So to prevent it there is a solution that we can cover half of the rocket which will be facing downwards so that all the heat is acted upon there instead on the whole rocket, with heat shielding tiles to prevent it from burning at re-entry. This will protect the rocket and its equipments from any damage and will keep it safe at the time of landing. Another problem is that why rockets cannot land again on earth. This problem actually exists because of problems discussed above and other problems and has the same solution as of other problems. We can add landing legs in the rocket so that they can easily land vertically on the surface.
Now one of the biggest issues is that how can we decrease the rocket’s downward velocity and to control its descent and when it comes to make a rocket reusable these factors play a very crucial role in doing so. Because if the rocket’s velocity and descent is not controlled the rocket may simply crash. There are a number of ways and techniques through which we can control it. One such simple way is to light the thrusters at the time of vertical landing to decrease its velocity. But only decrease in velocity is not sufficient. The descent too should be controlled. This can be done by increasing the surface area of the rocket. As the surface area increases the air friction and force caused during the time of re-entry will help reduce the speed of the rocket and control the descent. We can also use the concept of parachute used by the sky divers. There will be a parachute like structure on the rocket which can open and fold like umbrella using motors near the nose cone of the rocket. This will also help to control the rocket while landing the parachute structure of rocket will be the part of the rocket’s main body. All these ideas can help in creating a reusable rocket.
5)ANALYSIS As per the findings and data obtained the research they are very important. The solutions suggested to solve the problems mentioned above can be of great significance as they will help a lot in solving the issues. In present date scientists are struggling to find ways to create a reusable rocket and with the help of the findings it may help the scientists to create it. Other than these, the findings can help in making the rocket reusable by launching it from the Launchpad, deploying the payloads, and then successfully landing on the earth’s surface. As mentioned in the research question, the main issue is that the rockets are not reusable ad hence building it again increases cost. The ways mentioned above such as making a rocket in single piece, covering half rocket with heat shielding tile, etc. can make it reusable and will reduce its manufacturing cost as it will be a one time investment.
6)CONCLUSION From the above research I would like to conclude the main findings: First finding was that to make the rocket in a single piece rather than adding many stages in it. Though we can add stages in it as per requirement and as the stages will separate they will use the same concept to land successfully as mentioned in the report. Another finding was that rockets burn up due to the heat during atmospheric entry and covering half of the rocket with heat shielding tiles will make it safe firm heat and burning. This half portion will be reducing all the heat and will make the rocket safe. And one of the very important finding of this research was that how we can control the descent and one such way was to increase the surface area of rocket. And one more finding was that we can add a parachute like structure to control its descent similar to that of sky divers. All the findings may help in successfully making a reusable rocket. To develop such a rocket is the need of the time because as the race of space exploration is increasing there will be a demand of such a rocket that can be used again and again. Also it is important because it will also be financially feasible to make it as it will be a onetime investment and can be used in more than one mission. As per me space exploration is going to be the future and recently we have witnessed many such missions like chandrayan-3, the recently launched Aditya L1 solar mission etc. which shows that the field of space science and exploration is gaining importance and value. Moreover, the making of reusable rocket can lead to the development of ‘Space ships’ in future, which will be able to move from one planet to another and will have a very powerful propulsion system like nuclear propulsion system which will be able to produce large amount of thrust in small quantity of fuel for a long period of time. The space ship will have a capacity to carry people and can come back to earth. This will open a door of wide opportunities for space exploration in future.
7)REFERENCES The pictures used above were taken from different websites. The model which I have prepared is made using tinkercad. The references also include the videos of navars edutech which helped me a lot in my research.
8)APPENDICES SOME PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE MODEL.
The model is prepared by me using tinkercad.
As we can see in the first image the orange colour represents the open able parachute like structure which will open with the help of motors at the time of landing to slow down the speed of the rocket. The thrusters in purple will mainly light up at the time of landing to decrease its speed and the thrusters to fly the rocket will be there in the main body as we can see in the image. The wide dimensions of the rocket will also help to slow it down at the time of re-entry. The landing legs will be folded inside thee rockets body with motors to prevent it from any kind of damage and will open at time of landing.
