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Unit 5 Python Modules

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Unit 5 Python Modules

Uploaded by

utsavsutariya066
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Unit 5 Python Modules

5.1 Modules
5.2 Modules and Name-spaces
5.3 Module Import, Load and execution
5.4 Top-Down Design
5.5 Built-in name-spaces in python
What is a Module?
• Consider a module to be the same as a code library.
• A file containing a set of functions you want to include in your
application.
Module

Create a Module
To create a module just save the code you want in a file with the file extension .py:

Example :
Save this code in a file named mymodule.py
def greeting(name):
print("Hello, " + name)
Variables in Module
The module can contain functions, as already described, but also variables of all types
(arrays, dictionaries, objects etc):

Example :Save this code in the file mymodule.py


person1 = {
"name": "John",
"age": 36,
"country": "Norway"
}
Import the module named mymodule, and access the person1
dictionary:
import mymodule

a = mymodule.person1["age"]
print(a)
Scope of variable:
x = 300

def myfunc():
print(x)

myfunc()

print(x)
Namespaces in Python
• A namespace is a collection of currently defined symbolic names
along with information about the object that each name references.
You can think of a namespace as a dictionary in which the keys are the
object names and the values are the objects themselves. Each
key-value pair maps a name to its corresponding object.
• In a Python program, there are four types of namespaces:
• Built-In
• Global
• Enclosing
• Local
The Built-In Namespace
• The built-in namespace contains the names of all of Python’s built-in
objects. These are available at all times when Python is running.
The Global Namespace
• The global namespace contains any names defined at the level of the
main program. Python creates the global namespace when the main
program body starts, and it remains in existence until the interpreter
terminates.
The Local and Enclosing Namespaces
• As you learned in the previous tutorial on functions, the interpreter
creates a new namespace whenever a function executes. That
namespace is local to the function and remains in existence until the
function terminates.
Variable scope

1.Local: If you refer to x inside a function, then the interpreter first


searches for it in the innermost scope that’s local to that function.

2.Enclosing: If x isn’t in the local scope but appears in a function that


resides inside another function, then the interpreter searches in the
enclosing function’s scope.

3.Global: If neither of the above searches is fruitful, then the interpreter


looks in the global scope next.

4.Built-in: If it can’t find x anywhere else, then the interpreter tries the
built-in scope.

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