Thermodynamics (1)

Problems
Name: _________________________________ Date: __________ Period: ____
Specific Heat and Heat Capacity Worksheet
DIRECTIONS: Use q = (m)(Cp) to solve the following problems. Show all work and units.

Ex: How many joules of heat are needed to raise the temperature of 10.0 g of aluminum from 22°C to
55°C, if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 J/g°C?

1. The temperature of 335 g of water changed from 24.5oC to 26.4oC. How much heat did
this sample absorb? C for water = 4.18 J/goC

2. How much heat in kilojoules has to be removed from 225g of water to lower its
temperature from 25.0oC to 10.0oC?

3. To bring 1.0kg of water from 25oC to 99oC takes how much heat input?

4. An insulated cup contains 75.0g of water at 24.00oC. A 26.00g sample of metal at 82.25oC
is added. The final temperature of the water and metal is 28.34oC. What is the specific
heat of the metal?

5. A calorimeter has a heat capacity of 1265 J/oC. A reaction causes the temperature of the
calorimeter to change from 22.34oC to 25.12oC. How many joules of heat were released in
this process?
Name: _________________________________ Date: __________ Period: ____
6. What is the specific heat of silicon if it takes 192J to raise the temperature of 45.0g of Si by
6.0oC?

7. Aqueous silver ion reacts with aqueous chloride ion to yield a white precipitate of solid
silver chloride. When 10.0 mL of 1.00M AgNO3 solution is added to 10.0mL of 1.00 M
NaCl solution at 25oC in a calorimeter a white precipitate of AgCl forms and the
temperature of the aqueous mixture increases to 32.6oC. Assuming that the specific heat
of the aqueous mixture is 4.18 J/goC, that the density of the mixture is 1.00 g/mL, and
that the calorimeter itself absorbs a negligible amount of heat, calculate the amount of
heat absorbed in kJ/mol of Ag+.

8. Assuming that Coca Cola has the same specific heat as water ( 4.18 J/goC), calculate the
amount of heat in kJ transferred when one can ( about 350g) is cooled from 25oC to 3oC .

9. What is the specific heat of lead if it takes 96J to raise the temperature of a 75g block by
10oC?

10. Sodium metal is sometimes used as a cooling agent in heat exchange units because of its
relatively high molar heat capacity of 28.2 J/mol°C. What is the specific heat of sodium in
J/g°C?
Name: _________________________________ Date: __________ Period: ____
11. Titanium metal is used as a structural material in many high-tech applications such as jet
engines. What is the specific heat of titanium in J/g°C if it takes 89.7 J to raise the
temperature of a 33.0g block by 5.20°C? What is the molar heat capacity of titanium in
J/mol °C?

12. When 25 mL of 1.0M H2SO4 is added to 50 mL of 1.0 M NaOH at 25oC in a calorimeter,

the temperature of the aqueous solution increases to 33.9 oC. Assuming that the specific
heat of the solution is 4.18 J/g C, that its density is 1.00 /mL, and that the calorimeter
itself absorbs a negligible amount of heat, calculate the amount of heat absorbed for the
reaction.

13. A 0.3 g piece of copper is heated and fashioned into a bracelet. The amount of energy
transferred by heat to the copper is 66,300 J. If the specific heat of copper is 390 J/g 0C,
what Is the change of the copper's temperature?

14. A 15.75-g piece of iron absorbs 1086.75 joules of heat energy, and its temperature changes
from 25°C to 175°C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of iron.

15. Calculate the specific heat capacity of a piece of wood if 1500.0 g of the wood absorbs
67,500 joules of heat, and its temperature changes from 32°C to 57°C.
Calorimetry Problems Name_____________
Per____Date_______
qsur = m x C x T qrxn = -qsur
q = heat m = mass T = Tf - Ti C = specific heat (for water = 4.184 J/goC)

1. What is the specific heat of aluminum if the temperature of a 28.4 g sample of

aluminum is increased by 8.1 oC when 207 J of heat is added?

2. What is the specific heat of silicon if the temperature of a 4.11 g sample of silicon
is increased by 3.8 oC when 11.1 J of heat is added?

3. How much heat must be added to a 8.21 g sample of gold to increase its
temperature by 6.2 oC? The specific heat of gold is 0.13 J/goC.

4. If 40.5 J of heat is added to a 15.4 g sample of silver, how much will the
temperature increase by? The specific heat of silver is 0.235 J/goC.
5. A 2.50 g sample of zinc is heated, then placed in a calorimeter containing 65.0 g
of water. Temperature of water increases from 20.00 oC to 22.50 oC. The
specific heat of zinc is 0.390 J/goC. What was the initial temperature of the zinc
metal sample? (final temperatures of zinc and water are the same)

6. A 13.5 g sample of gold is heated, then placed in a calorimeter containing 60.0 g

of water. Temperature of water increases from 19.00 oC to 20.00 oC. The
specific heat of gold is 0.130 J/goC. What was the initial temperature of the gold
metal sample?

7. A 28.4 g sample of aluminum is heated to 39.4 oC, then is placed in a calorimeter

containing 50.0 g of water. Temperature of water increases from 21.00 oC to
23.00 oC. What is the specific heat of aluminum?
Hess’s Law Extra WS Name:

(1) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
2 CO2(g) + H2O(g) → C 2H2(g) + 5/2 O2(g)

C2H2(g) + 2H2(g) → C2H6(g) ΔH = –94.5 kJ

H2O(g) → H2(g) + ½ O2 (g) ΔH =71.2 kJ

C2H6(g) + 7/2 O2(g) → 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g) ΔH = –283 kJ

(2) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
H2SO4(l) → SO3(g) + H2O(g)

H2S(g) + 2 O2(g) → H2SO4(l) ΔH = –235.5 kJ

H2S(g) + 2 O2(g) → SO3(g) + H2O(l) ΔH = –207 kJ

H2O(l) → H2O(g) ΔH = 44 kJ

(3) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
N2(g) + 2 O2(g) → 2 NO 2(g)

N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2 NH3(g) ΔH = –115 kJ

2 NH3(g) + 4 H2O(l) → 2 NO2(g) + 7 H2(g) ΔH = –142.5 kJ

H2O(l) → H2(g) + ½ O 2(g) ΔH = –43.7 kJ

(4) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
CO2(g) → C(s) + O2(g)

H2O(l) → H2(g) + ½ O2(g) ΔH = 643 kJ

C2H6(g) → 2 C(s) + 3 H 2(g) ΔH = 190.6 kJ

2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l) → C 2H6(g) + 7/2 O2(g) ΔH = 3511.1 kJ

(5) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
N2H4(l) + CH4O(l) → CH2O(g) + N2(g) + 3H2 (g)

2 NH3(g) → N2H4(l) + H2(g) ΔH = 22.5 kJ

2 NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3 H 2(g) ΔH = 57.5 kJ

CH2O(g) + H2(g) → CH 4O(l) ΔH = 81.2 kJ

(6) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
½ H2(g) + ½ Cl2(g) → HCl(g)

COCl2(g) + H2O(l) → CH2Cl2(l) + O2(g) ΔH = 47.5 kJ

2 HCl(g) + ½ O2(g) → H 2O(l) + Cl2(g) ΔH = 105 kJ

CH2Cl2(l) + H2(g) + ³/2 O 2(g) → COCl2(g) + 2 H 2O(l) ΔH = –402.5 kJ

(7) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
C2H2(g) + 5/2 O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + H2O(g)

C2H6(g) → C2H 2(g) + 2 H2(g) ΔH = 283.5 kJ

H2(g) + ½ O2(g) → H2O(g) ΔH = –213.7 kJ

2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g) → C2H6(g) + 7/2 O2(g) ΔH = 849 kJ

(8) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
HCl(g) + NaNO2(s) → HNO2(l) + NaCl(s)

2 NaCl(s) + H2O(l) → 2 HCl(g) + Na2O(s) ΔH = 507 kJ

NO(g) + NO2(g) + Na2O(s) → 2 NaNO2(s) ΔH = –427 kJ

NO(g) + NO2(g) → N2O(g) + O2(g) ΔH = –43 kJ

2 HNO2(l) → N2O(g) + O2(g) + H 2O(l) ΔH = 34 kJ

(9) Find the ΔH for the reaction below, given the following reactions and subsequent ΔH values:
Zn(s) + ⅛ S8(s) + 2O2(g) → ZnSO4(s)

Zn(s) + 1
8 S8(s) → ZnS(s) ΔH = –183.92 kJ

2 ZnS(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2ZnO(s) + 2 SO2(g) ΔH = –927.54 kJ

2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g) ΔH = –196.04 kJ

ZnO(s) + SO3(g) → ZnSO4 (s) ΔH = –230.32 kJ

Answers: (1) 235 kJ; (2) 73 kJ; (3) –83 kJ; (4) 886 kJ; (5) –46.2 kJ; (6) –230 kJ; (7) –705 kJ; (8) –79 kJ; (9) –976.03 kJ

2 Hess’s Law Extra Worksheet

Honors Chemistry Name:
Standard Heats of Formation

Heat of Formation Worksheet

Use a standard enthalpies of formation table to determine the change in enthalpy
for each of these reactions.

a) NaOH(s) + HCl(g) ----> NaCl(s) + H2O(g)

b) 2 CO(g) + O2(g) ---> 2 CO2(g)

c) CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) ---> CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l)

d) 2 H2S(g) + 3 O2(g) ---> 2 H2O(l) + 2 SO2(g)

e) 2 NO(g) + O2(g) ---> 2 NO2(g)

Compound DHf (kJ/mol) Compound Hf (kJ/mol)

CH4(g) -74.8 HCl(g) -92.3

CO2(g) -393.5 H2O(g) -241.8

NaCl(s) -411.0 SO2(g) -296.1

H2O(l) -285.8 NH4Cl(s) -315.4

H2S(g) -20.1 NO(g) +90.4

H2SO4(l) -811.3 NO2(g) +33.9

MgSO4(s) -1278.2 SnCl4(l) -545.2

MnO(s) -384.9 SnO(s) -286.2

MnO2(s) -519.7 SnO2(s) -580.7

NaCl(s) -411.0 SO2(g) -296.1

NaF(s) -569.0 SO3(g) -395.2

NaOH(s) -426.7 ZnO(s) -348.0

NH3(g) -46.2 ZnS(s) -202.9

Blackline Master 5.3-1

NAME: DATE:

5.3-1 Calculating Enthalpy Change from Bond Energies

Use the table below to answer the following questions.

Table 1 Average Bond Energies (kJ/mol)

Bond Energy Bond Energy

H H 432 F-F 154
H F 565 O H 467
C H 413 Cl Cl 239
C O 358 C=C 614
C O 1072 C=O 745
C C 347 C=O (for CO2(g)) 799
C Cl 339 O=O 495

Calculate the enthalpy change from bond energies for each of these reactions:

1. H2(g) + F2(g) 2 HF(g) H=

2. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O (g) H=

3. CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(l) H=

4. 2H2(g) + O2(g) 2H2O(g) H=

5. 2H2O(g) 2H2(g) + O2(g) H=

6. H2CCH2(g) + Cl2(g) ClH2CCH2Cl(g) H=

7. CH4(g) + H2O(g) CO(g) + 3H2(g) H=

8. CH3COOH + CH3OH CH3COOCH3 + H2O H=

BLM 5.3-1 Copyright © 2012 by Nelson Education Ltd.