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Chapter-2 Research Design

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34 views13 pages

Chapter-2 Research Design

Uploaded by

Rahul Thakur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The success of an organization depends not merely on its technical efficiency, updated
machinery, good plant layout and dynamic organization etc., but also upon its human
resources. A satisfied, happy and hardworking employee is the biggest asset of an
organization, including banks. Workforce of any bank is responsible to a large extent for its
productivity and profitability. So, for the success of banking, it is very important to manage
human resource effectively and to find whether its employees are satisfied or not, Job
satisfaction can be defined as the extent of positive feeling or attitude that individual have
towards their jobs. When a person says that he has high job satisfaction, it means that he really
likes his Job, feels good about it and values his job dignity. Job satisfaction is an important
technique used to motivate the employees to work harder. A comprehensive review of the
literature provides an up-to-date understanding of the subject and its significant identifies the
methods used in previous research on the topic and provides comparisons for the research
findings. This chapter gives an overview of review related to the job satisfaction of bank
employees.

KLEDARAS C.G AND DAVID JOSLYN (2019) in their study examined the job satisfaction
among social work educators in public and private institutions of higher education. They
indicated that social workers in educational setting seem to be generally satisfied with their
jobs. Moreover private institutions and tenured faculty reported higher satisfaction.

MEENAKSHI GUPTA AND PARULSHARMA, (2019) analyzed the demographic profile


of the respondents and the various factors influencing employee satisfaction. They concluded
that majority of the sample employees are in middle age group, the longest majority of the
sample employees have experience of more than 20 years. The study suggest creation of
opportunities to interact and to enhance mutual interest in improvement of working condition,
so that employees feel comfortable and can work conveniently which in turn improve their job
satisfaction level.

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JAYALATHA J., (2018) analyzed the factor determining the job satisfaction of employees. It
was suggested that extra work performed should be recognized by the management and
rewards should be awarded for the right person each year and salary structure should be
modified and grievance should be immediately settled. The existing welfare measures should
be modified according to the satisfaction of the employees.

NEELAKANDAN AND RAJENDRAN (2017) their study concluded that job satisfaction of
industrial employees is influenced by their marital status and years of service in the
organization.

MIRA SINGH AND PESTORIJEE (2017) in their study indicated that clerical cadre
employees were more satisfied in Job area and social relations in comparison to officer cadre
employees.

RAMA (2014) has stated that public sector banks have social values, interpersonal
relationship and modernization whereas private sector banks have instincts, economic rewards
and better work environment as job satisfaction factors. There were no much differences in job
satisfaction between private and public sector banks. The study identified salary, other benefits
and responsibility as the major dissatisfaction area in banks.

JESILLY (2013) her study reveals that inadequate wages and job insecurity were the major
factors responsible for job dissatisfaction and affected the labour-mangement relations.

SRINIVASAN, T, (2013) in his study observe those workers having middle and HSC level of
education, age group between 30 to 50 as having more job satisfaction and their absenteeism is
relatively low. The implication of the study point to the need for improving the job satisfaction
for reducing the absenteeism.

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RAHMAN (2012) studied the job satisfaction levels of government college teachers in
Bangladesh. The study was based on primary data collected from the respondents and was
analyzed using one way ANOVA and T-test. It was found that there was a difference in the
satisfaction among the employees based on their personal and organizational variables.
However, except for the demographic factors, the researcher did not analyze the specific
factors leading to job satisfaction.

SOWMYA AND PANCHANATHAM (2011) studied the factors influencing job satisfaction
among banking sector employees. The researchers adopted multistage random sampling method
to choose the respondents and conducted exploratory factors analysis through the principle
component method and found that the bank employees were influenced by five factors namely:-
pay and promotion, organizational factors, supervision, job and work conditions, and co-worker
behavior.

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NEED OF STUDY

Obviously job satisfaction plays a key role in organization success. Without employee
satisfaction towards their jobs none of the employee will perform well and it is very difficult to
reach the organizational goals and objectives. Hence, job satisfaction helps to yield maximum
output (performance) from the employees. So that this study is undertaken to measure
satisfaction level of employees towards their jobs.

 The main aim of the study is to determine the job satisfaction level of employees in
Kangra Central Cooperative Bank Ltd.
 To understand the employee perception about the job and come up with
recommendation for the company to improve the level of job satisfaction.
 For determining the various parameter that influence job satisfaction and also the
present level of satisfaction of the employee.

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY

 Job Satisfaction is an important output that employees work for Organization


 It is an interesting and significant area for conducting research.
 The study made on the topic of Job satisfaction will reveal the factor of feeling of
employees.
 This report is useful to the management of the company to know the satisfaction levels
of employees and they can take measures to increase productivity.
 Job satisfaction of the employees has been analyzed on the basis of the following job
related factors:-
 Job
 Salary
 Welfare
 Working environment
 Recognition
 Feedback
 HR policies

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OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

 People are the key to the future success of any company or economy. Quality is the
feature that sells goods and services, and it is competent people who assure quality.
Organization run by the people of organization and it became a duty of organization
that the employees which are working in the organization must get satisfactory
environment to work. Employee satisfaction is very much important for the
organization growth and productivity.
 Someone has truly said that “Organization grow with the efforts and performance
of the employees” so, employee satisfaction must be taken on a very serious node
because organization will not set a benchmark when its employees who are working in
it are not satisfied.

(1) To study the level of satisfaction of the employee toward their jobs.

(2) To study the impact of different variables such as occupational level, age, education, and
gender, on the various factors affecting the overall job satisfaction.

(3) To study the Welfare facilities provided by the KCC Bank Ltd.

(4) To measure the level of job satisfaction in relation to various factors like the Job, Salary,
Welfare, Working environment, Encouragement, Recognition, Feedback, HR policies.

(5) To study the attitude of the employees towards their work.

(6) To study the impact of welfare facilities on employees morale.

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LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

1. The study is confined only to 70 respondents due to cost and time constraints.

2. It does not cover all branches of Kcc Bank Ltd.

3. The study is restricted in Himachal Pradesh only.

4. The area covered is small due to lack of time.

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RESEARCH METHDOLOGY

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. In it step by step
methods are followed to solve a particular problem. It refers to a search for knowledge. It can
also be defined as a scientific search for pertinent information on a specific topic. In fact,
research is an art of scientific investment. This chapter aims to understand the research
methodology establishing a framework of evaluation and revaluation of primary research. The
techniques and concepts used during primary research in order to arrive at findings; which are
also dealt with and lead to a logical deduction towards the analysis and results.

 Research Design

A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a
manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure.
The research design includes a comprehensive proposal about how the objective of the
research will be met and this refers to preparation of strategy for conducting and carrying out
the research study.

 TYPES OF RESEARCH DESIGN

(1) Exploratory research design

It is a methodology approach that investigates research questions that have not previously been
studied in depth. Exploratory research typically seeks to create hypothesis rather than test
them. Data from exploratory studies tends to be qualitative.

(2) Descriptive research design

It is a type of research design that aims to systematically obtain information to describe a


phenomenon, situation, or population. In descriptive research design: those studies are taken
which are concerned with describing the characteristics of a particular individual or a group.

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(3) Experimental research design

An experimental design is used when the researcher wants to examine how variables interact
with each other. The researcher manipulates one variables (the independent variables) and
observes the effect on another variable (the dependent variables).

(4) Diagnostic research design

Diagnostic research determines the root cause of a problem and finds the most effective
solution. It’s often used in marketing to identify areas of improvement or potential opportunity
for growth.

 The research design use for the study is Descriptive. Descriptive research studies
are those, which are concerned with describing the characteristics of a particular
individual or group. The studies concerned with specific prediction with narration of
facts and characteristics concerning individual group or situation are all examples of
descriptive research studies

 SAMPLING DESIGN

A sample design is the framework, or road map, that serves as the basis for the selection of a
survey sample and affects many other important aspects of a survey as well.

It is the procedure by which a few subjects are chosen from the universe to be studied in such a
way that the sample can be used to estimate the same characteristics in the total is referred to
as sampling.

Sampling is a technique of selecting individual members or a subset of the population to make


statistical inferences from them and estimate the characteristics of the whole population.

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 Methods of Sampling

(1)Probability sampling

Probability sampling is a sampling technique where a researcher selects a few criteria and
chooses members of a population randomly. All the members have an equal opportunity to
participate in the sample with this selection parameter.

 Simple random sampling


 Cluster sampling
 Systematic sampling
 Stratified random sampling

(2) Non-probability sampling

In non-probability sampling, the researcher randomly chooses members for research. This
sampling method is not a fixed or predefined selection process. This makes it difficult for all
population elements to have equal opportunities to be included in a sample.

 Convenience sampling
 Judgmental sampling
 Snowball sampling
 Quota sampling

 Systematic sampling method is done for the employee of each department. Sample
are taken as per the strength of the department

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 Data collection

It is the process by which the researcher collects the information needed to answer the research
problem. The data collection is done only after defining the population and selecting the
research design.

While deciding about the method of data collection to be used for the study, the research
should keep in mind two types of data:-

 Primary data
 Secondary data

 The data is collected through Primary method.

 Primary data: - Data that has been generated by the researcher himself/herself,
surveys, interview, experiments, specially designed for understanding and solving the
research problem at hand.

--- The various primary data collection method are:

1. Observation Method

2. Interview Method

3. Questionnaire

4. Schedules

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 Sampling plan

This refers to the number of items that were selected for the surveys. For this survey 70

Respondents were chosen:

(a) Sample Unit – kangra central cooperative bank Ltd.

(b) Sample area – Kangra, Himachal Pradesh

(c) Sample size: The total sample consists of 70 respondents.

(d) Sampling technique: The procedure of sampling adopted during the course of the
project was systematic random sampling.

(e) Data Collection Method: The Primary Data and Questionnaire method is used in this
research study.

(f) Method chosen for the research: Survey Method for the research is chosen in this
research. And Survey was done in Himachal Pradesh only.

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 Statistical methods & tools used for data analysis

(1) F-TEST: - In statistics an F-TEST of equality of variances is a test for NULL


HYPOTHESIS that two normal populations have the same variance. Notionally, any F-TEST
can be regarded as a comparison of two variances, but the specific case being discussed in this
article is that of two populations, where the test statistic used is the ratio of two sample
variances. This particular situation is of importance in mathematical statistics since it provides
a basic exemplar case in which the F-distribution can be derived. For application in applied
statistics, there is concern that the test is so sensitive to the assumption of normality that it
would be inadvisable to use it as a routine test for the equality of variances. In other words,
this is a case where “approximate normality” (which in similar contexts would often be
justified using the central limit theorem), is not good enough to make the test procedure
approximately valid to an acceptable degree.

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