Chapter 3 Probability AAMS1773

Tutorial 3 (Extra)
Question 1
It is proposed that Malaysia should legalize football betting as it is a popular sport. A newspaper reporter
conducted a nationwide survey of 1000 adults in a few states to determine their opinion about legalizing
football betting in Malaysia. The results of the survey are shown in the table below.
State Against Proposal In Favor of Proposal No opinion
Selangor 23 122 18
Penang 39 165 27
Johor 58 238 46
Malacca 71 127 66

If one adult is selected at random, calculate the probability that this adult is
(a) against the proposal; (2 marks)
(b) from Penang and has no opinion about the proposal; (2 marks)
(c) from Selangor or against the proposal; (3 marks)
(d) in favor of the proposal given that the person is from Selangor. (3 marks)
[answer: (a) 0.191 (b) 0.027 (c) 0.331 (d) 0.7485]

Question 2

[answer: (a) 0.6567 (b) 0.1633 (c) 0.73 (d) 0.3107]

Question 3
The following table gives the number of claims at a large insurance company by type of claims and
geographical region.
Type of claims East South North West
Hospitalization 75 128 29 52
Physician’s visit 233 514 104 251
Outpatient treatment 100 326 65 99

(a) What is the probability that a randomly selected bill is from the East?
(b) What is the probability that a randomly selected bill is either from the North or from the South?
(c) What is the probability that a randomly selected bill is for hospitalization?
(d) Given that a bill is for outpatient treatment, what is the probability that it is from the West?
(e) What is the probability that a randomly selected bill is either for hospitalization or from the South?
[Answer: (a) 0.2065 (b) 0.59 (c) 0.144 (d) 0.168 (e) 0.569 ]

Question 4
A publishing company has 75 different book titles classified by type and cost as follows:
Type Cost
RM 10 RM 15 RM 20
Fiction 10 8 3
Biography 12 10 9
Historical 4 17 2

Find the probability that a book selected at random is:

(a) Fiction or costs RM 10
(b) Historical and costs either RM 10 or RM 15
(c) Biography or costs more than RM 10
(d) Fiction given that it costs RM 20.
[Answer: (a) 0.4933 (b) 0.28 (c) 0.8133 (d) 0.2143]

Question 5
A sample of 100 adults was asked whether or not they have ever purchased on the Internet. The following
table gives a two way classification of the responses:
Have purchased (A) Have never purchased (B)
Male (M) 20 35
Female (F) 15 30

(a) If an adult is selected at random from these 100 adults, find the probability that this adult
(i) Is a male and has purchased on the Internet,
(ii) Is a female or has never purchased on the internet,
(iii) Has purchased on the Internet given that he is a male.
(b) Are the events “have purchased” and “male” mutually exclusive? Give the reason.
[answer: (i) 0.2 (ii) 0.8 (iii) 0.3636 (b) Not mutually exclusive]
Question 6
The following data indicates the number of injuries occurring in different circumstances and gender.
Work Home Other Total
Male 18 19 26 63
Female 6 21 23 50
Total 24 40 49 113
What is the probability that a randomly selected injured people
(a) was injured at home?
(b) was a female or someone who was injured at home?
(c) was injured at home given that a female was selected?
[answer: (a) 0.354 (b) 0.6106 (c) 0.42]

Question 7
Of the group of pupils studying at A-level in schools in a certain area, 56% are boys and 44% are girls.
The probability that a boy of this group is studying chemistry is 1/5 and the probability that a girl of this
group studying chemistry is 1/11.
(a) Find the probability that a pupil selected randomly from this group is a girl studying Chemistry.
(b) Find the probability that a pupil selected at random from this group is not studying Chemistry.
(c) Find the probability that a Chemistry pupil selected at random from this group is boy.
[answer: 0.04, 0.848, 0.737]

Question 8
An electrical firm gets its supply of cassette decks from two suppliers, A and B. The current supply
consists of 40% from supplier A and 60% from supplier B. The past records show that the defective
rates from supplier A and B are 8% and 5% respectively.
(a) Draw a well-labeled probability tree diagram to illustrate this situation.
(b) If a cassette deck is selected randomly from the current supply, what is the probability that it is
defective?
(c) If a randomly selected cassette deck is observed to be non-defective, what is the probability that it
is from supplier A?
[answer: (b) 0.062 (c) 0.392]
Question 9

[answer: (b) 0.66 (c) 0.07353 (d) 0.135]

Question 10

[answer: (b) 0.845 (c) 0.86 (d) 0.9032]

Question 11

[answer: (b) 0.64 (c) 0.49]