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Assignment#1 - Solution - EI - Summer 2024

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70 views6 pages

Assignment#1 - Solution - EI - Summer 2024

Uploaded by

D.J Hustl0
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Department of Civil Engineering

CVG3148 Reinforced Concrete Design I

Assignment #1 Solution
Question#1: [20%]

a) The modulus of elasticity (Ec):[15%]

● Secant Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (Ec) can be defined as the slope of the line drawn
from stress of zero to a compressive stress of 0.40f’c in the compressive stress-strain curve
[CSA A23.3].
0.40f'c
1- Using the compression test, Ec =
Ꜫ
Where,
F’c = Max compressive stress.
Ꜫ = strain to correspond to the 0.40 f'c.

● From the curve, 0.40 f’c = 9.7 MPa, and


● Ꜫ = 0.035% (0.00035).
9.7
● Ec = = 27,714 MPa ≈ 27.7 GPa
0.00035

2- Using the simplified method, Ec = 4500√f'c = 4500√24.2 = 22,137 MPa ≈ 22 Gpa

b) The modulus of rupture (fr):[5%]


● The concrete modulus of rupture is the tensile strength of concrete in flexure[CSA A23.3].
● fr = 0.6λ√f'c = 0.6 √24.2 = 2.95 MPa
● λ = 1.0 for NDC.

1
Department of Civil Engineering
CVG3148 Reinforced Concrete Design I

Question#2:[40%]
● Givens:
● Simply supported beam.
● T-beam section.
● Superimposed dead load (SDL) = 20KN/m.
● Live load (LL) = 25KN/m.
● Snow load (SL) = 10KN/m.
a) The maximum factored distributed load:[20%]
● Step#1 [Loads calculations]:
1- Dead load = Self weight of the beam + Superimposed dead load.
● Self weight of the beam in KN/m (Wself) = γc ⁎ Ac
Where,
γc = Normal density of concrete = 24KN/m3.
Ac = Beam section area in m2.

● Ac= [(2.5 ⁎ 0.2) + (0.35 ⁎ 0.55)]= 0.69 m2.


● Wself = γc ⁎ Ac = 24 ⁎ 0.69 = 16.56 KN/m.
● DL = Wself + SDL = 16.56 + 20 = 36.65 KN/m.
2- LL = 25 KN/m.
3- SL = 10 KN/m.
● Step#2 [Loads combinations]:
● Loads combinations will be according to NBC 2020,Table 4.1.3.2-A.

● Based on the load types, we will use case 1,2 and 3. We don’t need to account case 4 and
5, because we have no wind or earthquake loads.
● We must calculate the three cases and take the largest one.
● Case 1 = 1.4 DL = 1.4 ⁎ 36.65 = 51.31 KN/m.
● Case 2 = 1.25 DL + 1.5 LL + 1.0 SL
= (1.25 ⁎ 36.65) + (1.5 ⁎ 25) + (1.0 ⁎ 10) = 93.31 KN/m. (Govern)

2
Department of Civil Engineering
CVG3148 Reinforced Concrete Design I

● Case 3 = 1.25 DL + 1.5 SL + 1.0 LL


= (1.25 ⁎ 36.65) + (1.5 ⁎ 10) + (1.0 ⁎ 25) = 85.81 KN/m.
● The maximum factored distributed load (Wf) = 93.31 KN/m.
b) The end reactions forces:[5%]
● For simply supported beam, the reactions can calculate using the following formula:
Wf ⁎ L 93.31 ⁎ 8
● R1 = R2 = = = 373.24 KN.
2 2

c) The maximum shear force and maximum bending moment:[5%]


● For simply supported beam, the max shear and moment can calculate using the following
formula:
Wf ⁎ L 93.31 ⁎ 8
● Max shear (Vmax) = = = 373.24 KN.
2 2
Wf ⁎ L2 93.31 ⁎ 82
● Max moment (Mmax) = = = 746.48 KN.m.
8 8
d) Shear and bending moment diagrams:[10%]

3
Department of Civil Engineering
CVG3148 Reinforced Concrete Design I

Question#3:[40%]

The aim of this question is to show that for continuous beams, pattern loading of live load
can create higher moment values at the end span or at the supports.
The factored dead load (50kN/m) is loaded for the entire length of the beam. However, live
load pattern loading (also known as checkerboard loading) allows one span to be loaded
while adjacent span to be not loaded. This loading pattern can maximize the span moment.
Please see below.

Dead load – Load, reactions, and moment.

249 kN*m maximum positive moment at the end span


-337 kN*m maximum negative moment at the interior support of the end span

Live load Full – Load, reactions, and moment.

249 kN*m maximum positive moment at the end span


-337 kN*m maximum negative moment at the interior support of the end span

4
Department of Civil Engineering
CVG3148 Reinforced Concrete Design I

Live load pattern load to achieve maximum positive moment at the end span – Load,
reactions, and moment.

317 kN*m maximum positive moment at the end span


-168 kN*m maximum negative moment at the interior support of the end span

Live load pattern load to achieve maximum negative moment at the interior support of the
end span – Load, reactions, and moment.

231 kN*m maximum positive moment at the end span


-383 kN*m maximum negative moment at the interior support of the end span.

5
Department of Civil Engineering
CVG3148 Reinforced Concrete Design I

The table below summarizes the results. As you can see, using pattern loading increases the
maximum positive moment by 27% and the maximum negative moment by 13%. Therefore,
it is important to consider pattern loading when designing beams (and slabs).
Pattern live for Pattern live for
Full Live max. positive max. negative
moment moment
317
Max. positive
249 317/249 = 1.27 231
moment
27% increase
-383
Max. negative
-337 -168 -383 / -337 = 1.13
moment
13% increase

For further information on the theoretical background of this subject, please research
“influence lines”. The concept of influence lines on continuous beams explain how a load on
a span will affect the moment in neighboring spans.

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