Ucsp. Q2. Week 4

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LESSON TITLE:

THE GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVES IN


ADDRESSING SOCIAL INEQUALITIES

QUARTER: 2 SELF LEARNING KIT #: 4

What is a government program?


What are the government programs in the Philippines?
What are the government programs and initiatives in
addressing social inequalities in local, national and global?

These are some of the questions that will be answered as you


go through this lesson.

There you go, are you ready to start the battle? If you are
ready you may now fasten your seat belt and start to face
the challenges. Good Luck!

GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS

Government program means any program administered by any governmental


body in a variety of forms, which typically provide assistance and relief to individuals
in need. The nature of being in the state of ‘need’ can vary depending on the
expressed details of a given situation. Can include insurance, financial assistance,
housing assistance etc.

Some sociologists, however, extend the definition of government programs to


include not only access to the means of production like land, capital, and
technologies but also to the prestige attached to one’s social position. Hence, some
sociologists, writing along the weberian tradition, use the term stratification. When
regularly recognized social differences (of wealth, color, religion, ethnicity, or gender,
for example) become ranked in some hierarchical manner, sociologists talk about
strata (Bruce and Yearly 2006, p. 290).

What does the government provide? Of course, people expect state and local
governments to provide services such as police protection, education, highway
building and maintenance, welfare programs, and hospital and health care. Taxes
are a major source of income to pay for these services and many others that hit
close to home. http:// www.ushistory.org>gov.

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How can social inequality be addressed? This must be scaled up if we truly
want to reduce social inequality.
Inequality has become a defining issue of the present time that must be
addressed through social protection policies, including progressive taxation in favor
of low-income families as well as public spending to support vulnerable populations.
“With the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, combating
inequality and social protection has moved to the Centre of the policy agenda in all
countries.”

The growing body of evidence shows that income inequality has been on the
rise in many countries while unequal social opportunities continue to persist, whether
its access to decent work, quality education and health care or to productive assets
such as land and credit, calling on delegates to not only highlight the impact of
inequality on people and communities but also to point to fiscal, wage and social
protection policies that have shown to be effective in addressing inequality and
challenges to social inclusion.

United Nations Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed outlined some


measures to rectify inequality, namely through public financing, wage growth and
social protection policies, arguing that Governments should raise revenues rather
than cutting social expenditures.

The inequality is becoming the “defining issue of our time”, with health and
education disparities remaining high. In some countries, children in the lowest
20 per cent of income distribution are nearly three times more likely to be
underweight and twice as likely to die before their fifth birthday. “These figures show
that we are currently moving in the wrong direction. A world in which extreme wealth
coexists with extreme poverty is a world of strife”.

Here are some examples of government programs and


initiatives in addressing social inequalities

THE GOVERNMENT PROGRAM and Its INITIATIVES

 Human development and Poverty Reduction – is mandated to


translate the gains of good governance into means for improving the
Filipino people’s overall quality of life. July 12, 2012
http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph

 Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program 4P’s (CCT) – is a human


development that provides conditional cash grants to the poorest of the
poor, to improve the health, nutrition, and the education of children
aged 0 – 18. It is patterned after the conditional cash transfer (CCT)
schemes in Latin America and African countries, which have lifted

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millions of people around the world from poverty.
http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph

 K-12 Basic Education – k-12 is a program that covers kindergarten


and 12 years of basic education to provide sufficient time for mastery of
concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates
for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment,
and entrepreneurship. http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph

 Responsible Parenthood – Responsible Parenthood simply defined


as the “will” and ability of parents to respect and do the needs and
aspirations of the family and children. It is the ability of a parent to meet
and cater for the needs of the family and children according to his or h
er capability. Nov 13, 2019 http://passnownow.com>civic-educ

 Sin Taxes - A sin tax is a tax levied on goods or services that are
considered to be harmful or costly to society. The goods and services
commonly include tobacco, alcohol, sugar-added drinks, and gambling.
The main purposes of imposing sin taxes are to reduce the
consumption of harmful goods and to increase government revenue.
The consumption reduction is achieved by making the goods less
affordable to consumers. http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph

Here are the key concepts being discussed in the lesson. It pays
to go over them one more time for better retention and
understanding.

 Government program means any program administered by any governmental


body in a variety of forms, which typically provide assistance and relief to
individuals in need.
 When regularly recognized social differences (of wealth, color, religion,
ethnicity, or gender, for example) become ranked in some hierarchical
manner, sociologists talk about strata.
 Inequality has become a defining issue of the present time that must be
addressed through social protection policies, including progressive taxation in
favor of low-income families as well as public spending to support vulnerable
populations

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Now that you have finished reading and studying this module,
it’s time to test your ability about THE GOVERNMENT
PROGRAMS AND INITIATIVES IN ADDRESSING SOCIAL
INEQUALITY. Do the activity below as instructed. Use a
separate sheet of paper for your answer.

Instruction: Study the following images and identify what government programs or
initiatives can be proposed to address social inequality.

1. On Women and Children:


___________________________________

_____________________________

___________________________________

2. Poverty:
___________________________________

_____________________________

___________________________________

3. Indigenous People
___________________________________

_____________________________

___________________________________

4. LGBTQ Discrimination
___________________________________

_____________________________

___________________________________

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Rubrics for Application:
Criteria Description Points
The answer was able to explain the idea of the image.
Content 10
Analysis Analysis was clear and concise. 5
Organization The ideas were easily conveyed to readers. 5
Total 20

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