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    Introduction To Mechanisms

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    rajasekaran2323
    This document provides an introduction to basic physical principles of mechanisms, including concepts of force, torque, and motion. Force is defined as an influence that causes acceleration or deformation, while torque is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation. The document discusses force and torque analysis for levers. Motion is introduced as a change in position or orientation, with straight-line motion first examined in terms of position, displacement, and velocity defined as displacement per unit time.

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    Introduction To Mechanisms

    Uploaded by

    rajasekaran2323
    117 views3 pages
    This document provides an introduction to basic physical principles of mechanisms, including concepts of force, torque, and motion. Force is defined as an influence that causes acceleration or deformation, while torque is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation. The document discusses force and torque analysis for levers. Motion is introduced as a change in position or orientation, with straight-line motion first examined in terms of position, displacement, and velocity defined as displacement per unit time.

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    Introduction to Mechanisms

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    This document provides an introduction to basic physical principles of mechanisms, including concepts of force, torque, and motion. Force is defined as an influence that causes acceleration or deformation, while torque is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation. The document discusses force and torque analysis for levers. Motion is introduced as a change in position or orientation, with straight-line motion first examined in terms of position, displacement, and velocity defined as displacement per unit time.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    117 views3 pages

    Introduction To Mechanisms

    Uploaded by

    rajasekaran2323
    This document provides an introduction to basic physical principles of mechanisms, including concepts of force, torque, and motion. Force is defined as an influence that causes acceleration or deformation, while torque is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation. The document discusses force and torque analysis for levers. Motion is introduced as a change in position or orientation, with straight-line motion first examined in terms of position, displacement, and velocity defined as displacement per unit time.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Introduction to Mechanisms

    Yi Zhang with Susan Finger Stephannie Behrens

    Table of Contents

    1 Physical Principles
    This chapter introduces the basic physical principles behind mechanisms as well as basic concepts and principles required for this course.

    1.1 Force and Torque


    1.1.1 Force Force: an agent or influence that, if applied to a free body results chiefly in an acceleration of the body and sometimes in elastic deformation and other effects. Every day we deal with forces of one kind or another. A pressure is a force. The earth exerts a force of attraction for all bodies or objects on its surface. To study the forces acting on objects, we must know how the forces are applied, the direction of the forces and their value. Graphically, forces are often represented by a vector whose end represents the point of action. A mechanism is what is responsible for any action or reaction. Machines are based on the idea of transmitting forces through a series of predetermined motions. These related concepts are the basis of dynamic movement. 1.1.2 Torque Torque: Something that produces or tends to produce rotation and whose effectiveness is measured by the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the line of action

    of the force to the axis of rotation. Consider the lever shown in Figure 1-1. The lever is a bar that is free to turn about the fixed point, A, called the fulcrum; a weight acts on the one side of the lever, and a balancing force acts on the other side of the lever.

    Figure 1-1 A lever with balanced forces To analyze levers, we need to find the torques of the forces acting on the lever. To get the torque of force W about point A, multiply W by l1, its distance from A. Similarly F x l2 is the torque of F about fulcrum A.

    1.2 Motion
    Motion: a change of position or orientation. 1.2.1 Motion Along a Straight Path We begin our study of motion with the simplest case, motion in a straight line.
    1. Position and displacement along a line

    The first step in the study of motion is to describe the position of a moving object. Consider a car on an east-west stretch of straight highway. We can describe the displacement of the car by saying "the car is 5 kilometers west of the center town". In this description, we specified two factors, the original point of measure and the direction of the displacement. 2. Velocity We can define the velocity of an object moving steadily as its displacement per unit time:

    (1-1) where t = t2 - t1 is the time interval during which the displacement occurred. When

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