VELS INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED

STUDIES
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENTS: B.E (CSE, BIO- MEDICAL), B.TECH(IT)

SEMESTER: II
TITLE OF THE PAPER: PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS
SUBJECT CODE: 21GCMA21
TIME: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 100
SECTION – A (2 MARKS)

S.No Questions Unit K-Level CO PO

1. Define trail and event. I 1 1 PO1

2. Define probability. I 1 1 PO1

3. State Baye’s theorem. I 1 1 PO1

4. Define Mutually Exclusive Events. I 1 1 PO1

5. State Addition theorem I 1 1 PO1

6. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. What is I 2 1 PO1

the probability of two heads?

7. What is Probability? I 2 1 PO1

8. What is the probability that a non-leap year I 2 1 PO1

selected at random will contain 53 Tuesdays?
9. In tossing a coin, the probability of getting a I 2 1 PO1
head.

10. A bag contains 3 red and 4 black balls. Two draws I 2 1 PO1
are made with replacement. Find the probability
that both balls are red.
11. What is the chance that a leap year selected at I 3 1 PO1
random will contain 53 Sundays?

12. From a pack of 52 cards, one card is drawn at I 3 1 PO1

 random, find the probability of a getting a
queen.
13. If is a pdf, find the I 3 1 PO1
value of .
14. An unbiased die is tossed. Find the probability I 3 1 PO1
of getting a multiple of 3.

15. Three coins are tossed together. What are the I 3 1 PO1
sample spaces?

16. Define continuous random variable II 1 2 PO1

17. Define Binomial distribution II 1 2 PO1

18. Define Poisson distribution II 1 2 PO1

19. Define Normal Distribution II 1 2 PO1

20. Check whether the following data follow a II 1 2 PO1

binomial distribution or not. Mean =3;
Variance=4.
21. The mean and S.D of a binomial distribution II 2 2 PO1
are 5 and 2. Determine the distribution.

22. Find the binomial distribution for which the II 2 2 PO1

mean is 4 and variance is 3.

If is a poisson variate such that II 2 2 PO1

23.

24. Write down the probability mass function of II 2 3 PO1

the poisson distribution which is
approximately equivalent to
25. State any 4 properties of normal distribution II 2 2 PO1

If 3% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a II 3 2 PO1

26. company are defective, find the probability
that in a sample of 100 bulbs exactly bulbs
are defective (
27. If is random variate following binomial II 3 2 PO1
distribution with mean 2.4 and variance 1.44.
Find
28. State memory less property of geometric II 3 2 PO1
distribution.

29. The mean and standard deviation of binomial II 3 2 PO1

distribution is 6 and . Find
30. State memory less property of exponential II 3 2 PO1
distribution.

31. Define correlation Analysis III 1 3 PO1

32. Define regression Analysis III 1 3 PO1

33. Define positive correlation III 1 3 PO1

34. Define negative correlation III 1 3 PO1

35. What is Scatter Diagram III 1 3 PO1

36. Explain regression equations III 2 3 PO1

37. Explain the properties of correlation coefficient III 2 3 PO1

38. Write the formula for Karl Pearson’s co- III 2 3 PO1
efficient of correlation

39. Write the formula for Spearman’s rank III 2 3 PO1

correlation coefficient

40. Write the formula for Spearman’s rank III 2 3 PO1

correlation coefficient for repeated
ranks
41. What are the types of Correlation III 3 3 PO1
42. What are the methods of studying Correlation III 3 3 PO1
coefficient

43. Write the properties of regression coefficients III 3 3 PO1

44. Write the uses of correlation III 3 3 PO1

Write any two differences between Correlation III 3 3 PO1

45.
and Regression

46. What are the various measures in Central IV 1 4 PO1

tendency?

47. Define Central Tendency IV 1 4 PO1

48. What is statistics? IV 1 4 PO1

Find the arithmetic mean for the IV 1 4 PO1

49. following data
12, 50, 10, 9, 11, 14, 6

50. Define median. IV 1 4 PO1

51. Define mode. IV 2 4 PO1

52. Find the median for the following data 84, IV 2 4 PO1
91, 72, 68, 87, 78

53. Define coefficient of variation IV 2 4 PO1

54. Define standard deviation IV 2 4 PO1

55. Find the standard deviation of 16, 13, 17, IV 2 4 PO1

22.
56. Define range. IV 3 4 PO1

57. Define mean deviation IV 3 4 PO1

58. Write the empirical formula. IV 3 4 PO1

Find the range and the coefficient of IV 3 4 PO1

59.
range for the following data
35,40,52,29,51,46,27,30,30,23.

60. Write down formula for mean deviation IV 3 4 PO1

about median and mean
61. Define Sampling V 1 5 PO1

62. Define level of significance. V 1 5 PO1

63. What is Null hypothesis? V 1 5 PO1

64. What is Alternative hypothesis? V 1 5 PO3

65. Define small and large sample V 1 5 PO1

66. State the difference between ‘parameter’ V 2 5 PO2

and ‘statistic’.

67. Explain the term standard error. V 2 5 PO1

68. Define null hypothesis and alternative V 2 5 PO1

hypothesis
69. Define Type I and Type II error V 2 5 PO1

70. What is meant by critical region? V 2 5 PO3

 71. What do you mean by test of V 3 5 PO2
significance?

72. Define level of significance V 3 5 PO1

73. Explain one tailed and two tailed test. V 3 5 PO3

74. Write the uses of student’s t distribution V 3 5 PO2

75. Write the applications of chi-square V 3 5 PO1

distribution.

SECTION – B (16 MARKS)

S.No Questions U K- C PO
n Le O
i vel
t
1. In a bolt factory machines A, B, and C manufacture 25%, 35%, and 40% of I 3 1 PO3
bolts respectively. Of the total of their outputs 5,4, and 2 percents are defective
bolts. A bolt is drawn at random from the product and it is found to be defective.
What is the probability that it was manufactured by A?
2. A box contains 8 red, 3 white, and 9 blue. 3 balls are random, determine I 3 1 PO3
the probability that a) all are red. b) all are white c) 2 are red and 1 is
white d) at least one is white e) one of each color is drawn.
A random variable X has the following probability function Find (i) Determine I 3 1 PO3
the value of (ii) Find (iii) Find the distribution
function of
3.
Value of
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0 a 2a 2a 3a a2 2a2 7a2+a

4. If the discrete random variable x has probability function given by the table I 3 1 PO3

Find (i) (ii) (iii) Find c,d,f of

1 2 3 4
 A random variable has the following probability function I 4 1 PO3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
5. 0 3a 5a 7a 9a 11a 13a 15a 17a

(i) Determine the value of

(ii) Find
(iii) Find the distribution function of
6. X is a random variable having the density function. I 4 1 PO3

Find
The diameter of an electric cable, say , is assumed to be a continuous I 4 1 PO4
7.
random variable with p.d.f
(i) Check the above is a p.d.f
(ii) Determine a number such that
8. State and prove addition and multiplication theorem of probability. I 4 1 PO4

A random variable X has the following probability function. I 5 1 PO5

(i) Find
9. (ii) Evaluate
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
k 2k K 3k 5k 4k 5k

10. A problem in statistics is given to 5 students . Their I 5 1 PO3

chances of solving it are What is the
probability that the problem will be solved?
A bag contains 4 white and 6 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random. I 5 1 PO11
11.
If the balls are drawn one after the other without replacement, find the
probability that, (a) both are white (b) both are black (c) one white and
one black d) the first ball is white and the second ball is black.
12. If the random variable X takes the values 1,2,3 and 4 such that I 5 1 PO12
Find the probability
distribution.
A random variable has the following probability function I 3/4 1 PO3
13. /5
find (i) (ii) (iii)

14. Given that the p.d.f of a random variable is I 3/4 1 PO3

/5
 A random variable has the following probability function I 3/4 1 PO3
0 1 2 3 4 /5
15. k 3k 5k 7k 9k
(i) Determine the value of
(ii) Find
(iii) Find the distribution function of
16. Five fair coins are flipped. If the outcomes are assumed independent find the I 3 2 PO11
proability mass function of the number of heads obtained. I

17. 4 coins were tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of getting (i) 2 heads I 3 2 PO12
(ii) at least 2 heads (iii) at most 2 heads. I

I 3 2 PO3
18. The probability of a bomb hitting a target is Two bombs are enough I
to destroy abridge. If six bombs are aimed at the bridge, find the
probability that the bridge is destroyed?
19. 10 coins are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting at least 7 I 3 2 PO4
heads. I
20. If are independent poisson vitiate such that I 4 2 PO5
Find the variance of I

21. Five fair coins are flipped. If the outcomes are assumed independent find I 4 2 PO3
the probability mass function of the number of heads obtained. I

22. 4 coins were tossed simultaneously. What is the probability of getting (i) 2 I 4 2 PO3
heads (ii) at least 2 heads (iii) at most 2 heads. I

A manufacturer of pins knows that 2% of his products are defective. If he I 4 2 PO3

23. sells pins in boxes of 100 and guarantees that not more than 4 pins will be I
defective what is the probability that a box will fail to meet the guaranteed
quality? (
Assume that the chance of an individual coal miner being killed in an I 5 3 PO4
I
24. accident during a year is Using Poisson distribution calculate the
probability that in a mine employing 350 miners, there will be at least one
fatal accident in a year.

The lifetime of a certain kind of electric device as a mean of 300 hrs and I 5 2 PO4
S.D of 25 hrs. assuming that the life time of device follows normal I
25. distribution (i) find the probability that any one this device will have a
lifetime more than 350 hrs (ii) what percentage will have lifetime between
220 and 260 hrs. (
 If 10% of the screws produced by automatic machines are defective, find I 5 2 PO4
26. I
the probability that out of 20 screws selected at random, there are (i)
exactly one defective (ii) at most 3 defective (iii) at least 2 defectives (iv)
between 1 and 3 defectives (inclusive)
The daily consumption of milk in excess of 20,000 gallons is approximately I 5 2 PO4
27. I
exponentially distributed with mean=3000. The city has a daily stock of
35,000 gallons. What is the probability that of 2 days selected at random,
the stock is insufficient for both days.
In a large consignment of electric bulbs 10% are defective. A random I 3/4 2 PO5
28. I /5
sample of 20 is taken for inspection. Find the probability that (i) All are
good bulbs (ii) Atmost there are 3 defective bulbs (iii) Exactly there are
three defective bulbs.
29. The time (in hours) required to repair a machine is exponentially I 3/4 2 PO4
I /5
distributed with parameter What is the probability that a repair
takes at least 10 hrs given that its duration exceeds 9 hours.
X is a normal distribution with mean 16 and standard deviation 3. Find I 3/4 2 PO3
30. I /5
(

31. Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation to the following data I 3 3 PO3
x 1 3 4 5 7 8 10 I
y 2 6 8 10 14 16 20 I
32. Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation I 3 3 PO4
x 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 67 I
y 67 68 64 72 70 67 70 68 I
33. Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation to the following data I 3 3 PO5
x 30 32 35 40 48 50 52 55 57 61 I
y 1 0 2 5 2 4 6 5 7 8 I
34. Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation to the following data I 3 3 PO4
x 7 8 9 10 15 19 18 17 I
y 2 11 15 4 2 8 7 6 I
35. Find Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation to the following data I 4 3 PO3
x 18 19 16 19 29 16 I
y 12 13 15 11 10 16 I
I 3
36. Obtain the rank correlation coefficient for the following data I
4 PO11
x 10 8 1 2 6 9 3 5 4 7
y 6 10 5 4 3 1 2 9 8 7 I

37. Obtain the rank correlation coefficient from the following data I 4 3 PO12
x 18 19 16 19 29 16 12 16 I
y 12 13 15 11 10 16 11 10 I
 Ten competitors in a beauty contest are ranked by judges in the following I 4 3 PO5
order I
Judge I 2 7 1 5 3 4 8 6 10 9 I
38.
Judge 10 6 3 8 7 2 9 5 4 1
II
Judge 2 5 6 9 1 3 7 4 8 10
III

39. Obtain the rank correlation coefficient from the following data I 5 3 PO4
x 4 3 14 9 16 6 15 12 11 17 I
y 10 11 12 17 15 14 20 19 16 19 I

Obtain the Regression equation of X on Y from the following data I 5 3 PO4

40. I
x 6 2 10 4 8
y 9 11 5 8 7 I

Calculate Regression equation of x on y and y on x from the following data I 5 3 PO4

41. I
X 12 13 15 16 17 15 17 15
y 2 3 5 7 9 4 10 6 I

42. Given the following data, Mean of marks in English = 60;Mean of marks in I 5 3 PO4
mathematics = 80;S.D of marks in mathematics = 12; S.D. of marks in English I
= 4. Coefficient of correlation = 0.4. Find regression equation I

43. Obtain the rank correlation coefficient from the following data I 5 3 PO4
X 68 66 68 65 69 66 68 64 71 67 68 70 I
y 65 63 67 64 68 62 70 66 66 67 69 71 I

Using the appropriate regression line and find y when x = 64 from the I 5 3 PO4
44. following data I
x 65 66 67 67 69 71 72 70 65 I
y 67 68 69 68 70 70 69 70 70
Calculate the correlation coefficient for the following heights of fathers X and I 5 3 PO4
45. their sons Y I
I
x 65 66 67 67 69 71 72 70 65
y 67 68 69 68 70 70 69 70 70
Obtain Mean, Median and Mode for the following data I 3 4 PO4
46. Marks 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50 -59 60-69 70-79 V
No of 8 3 2 6 5 1 4
students
Calculate Mode using empirical formula. I 3 4 PO4
47. Class 6- 11- 16- 21- 26- V
interval 10 15 20 25 30
frequency 20 30 50 40 10
 Obtain Mean, Median and Mode for the following data I 3 4 PO4
48. Marks 0- 20- 40- 60- 80- V
20 40 60 80 100
No.of 8 7 16 24 15
students
Calculate Standard deviation from the following data I 3 4 PO4
49. Marks 10- 15- 20- 25- 30- 35- V
15 20 25 30 35 40
No.of 2 8 20 35 20 15
students
Calculate Standard Deviation from the following data I 4 4 PO4
50. V
Age 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No. of Workers 25 53 107 75 5

Calculate mean, median mode from the following data: I 4 4 PO4

51. V
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
interval
Frequency 8 12 10 8 3 2 7

52. Find Mean,Mode from the following: I 4 4 PO3

x 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40- 50 50 - 60 V
f 5 12 25 8 62 28

53. I 4 4 PO4
V

54. I 5 4 PO4
V

From the following data, calculate the Median, mode, mean I 5 4 PO5
55. V
Height (cm) 120 122 124 126 128 130
No.of.Students 10 17 19 16 14 12
Calculate mean deviation and coefficient from the following data I 5 4 PO4
56. Marks 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 V

No.of students 2 8 20 35 20 15
57. Difference between correlation and regression. I 5 4 PO5
V

58. Calculate the regression equation from the following data I 3/4 4 PO3
X 6 2 10 4 8 V /5
Y 9 11 5 8 7
59. I 3/4 4 PO4
Find Mean and Mode from the following data. V /5
 Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
Frequency 5 7 15 25 7
Calculate Mean deviation and Its coefficient from the following data: I 3/4 4 PO4
V /5
60.
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
interval
Frequency 8 12 10 8 3 2 7

A random sample of 10 boys has the following IQ’s 70, 120, 110, V 3 5 PO4
61.
101, 88, 83, 95, 98, 107, 100. Do these data support the assumption
of a population mean IQ of 100?

IQ tests were administered to 5 persons before and after they were trained. The V 3 5 PO4
results are given below.
62. candidates 1 2 3 4 5
IQ before 110 120 123 132 125
training
IQ after 120 118 125 136 121
training
Two random samples drawn from normal populations are V 3 5 PO4
Sample 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1
I 0 6 6 7 3 2 8 4 5 9
63. Sample 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 3 3
II 7 3 2 5 2 4 8 8 1 3 0 7
Obtain estimates of the vacancies of the populations and test
whether the two populations have the same variance.

Two independent samples of sizes 7 and 6 have the following values Examine V 3 5 PO4
whether the samples have been drawn from normal populations having same
64.
variance using 0.05 level of significance
A 28 30 32 33 31 29 34
B 29 30 30 24 27 28 -
A set of 5 identical coins is tossed 320 times and the number of heads appearing each V 4 5 PO4
time is recorded.
No of heads 0 1 2 3 4 5
65.
frequency 14 45 80 11 61 8
2
Test whether the coins are unbiased at 5% level of significance.

66. A group of 7-week-old chicken reared on a high protein diet weighs 12, 15, 11, 16, 14, V 4 5 PO4
14, 16 ounces. A second group of 5 chickens similarly treated except that they are
 treated on a low protein diet weigh 8, 10, 14, 10 and 13 ounces. Test whether there is
significant evidence that additional protein has increased the weight of the chickens.

Fit a Poisson distribution for the following data and test the goodness of fit. V 4 5 PO4
67. X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
f 56 156 132 92 37 22 5

From the following data test whether there is any relation between sex and V 4 5 PO4
preference of colour.
68. Colour/sex male female
Red 10 40
White 70 30
Green 30 20
Two independent samples of 8 and 7 items had the following value of variables. V 5 5 PO4
I 9 11 13 11 15 19 14 14
69.
II 10 12 10 14 9 8 10

Do the estimates of population variance differ significantly?

The following data is collected on two characters: V 5 5 PO4

Non-Cinegoers
Cinegoers
Literate 83 57
Illiterate 45 68
70.

From the above data, find out if there is any relation between literacy and the

habit of cinegores.

71. Two random sample drawn from two normal populations are given below V 5 5 PO5
I 20 16 26 27 23 2 1 2 2
2 8 4 5
II 27 33 42 35 32 3 3 3 2
2 4 8 8
 Obtain the estimate the variance of the population and test whether the two
population have the same variances.

1. The marks obtained by a group of 9 regular course students and another group of 11 V 5 5 PO4
part-time students in a test are given below:
Regular 56 62 63 54 60 51 67 69 58 - -
72.
Part-time 62 70 71 62 60 56 75 64 72 68 66

Examine whether the marks obtained by regular and part-time students differ
significantly .

For the data in the following table test for independence between a person’s ability in V 3/4 5 PO11
mathematics and interest in economics /5
Ability in Mathematics
low Average High
Low 63 42 15
73. Average 58 61 31
High 14 47 29

Interest in
Economics

State clearly the assumption underlying your test procedure

Two researchers adopted different sampling techniques while investigating the same V 3/4 5 PO5
group of students to find the number of students falling into different intelligence /5
level. The results are as follows.
Researchers Students
Below Average Above Excellent
74. average Average
X 86 60 44 10
Y 40 33 25 2
Total 126 93 69 12
What you say that the sampling techniques adopted by the two researchers are
significantly different?

75. From the following data test whether there is any relation between incolution and V 3/4 5 PO4
attacked bytyphoid. /5
Colour/sex attack Not attacked
ed
Incoluted 12 674
No-inoculated 47 1122