0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views127 pages

Portrait Tips Techniques

Uploaded by

Ahmed Saliev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views127 pages

Portrait Tips Techniques

Uploaded by

Ahmed Saliev
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 127

WAYNE RADFORD

PORTRAIT TIPS
a n d TECHNIQUES

Black & White


Natural Light Portraiture volume 1
IMPORTANT INFORMATION BEFORE YOU START
For best quality this eBook is best viewed with ADOBE ACROBAT READER 9

free download here download > select Allow in pop up window

$OVRWKHERRNVKRXOGEHUHDGLQ7ZR8SPRGHIRUÀXHQF\8VHWKHIROORZLQJVHWWLQJV
9LHZ!3DJH'LVSOD\!7ZR8S!6KRZ*DSV%HWZHHQ3DJHV!6KRZ&RYHU3DJH'XULQJ7ZR8S

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
WAYNE RADFORD

PORTRAIT TIPS
d
a n TECHNIQUES

Black & White

Natural Light Portraiture volume 1


TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents 4

Introduction About this book 5

My Story /LYLQJWKHGUHDP

Facial Recognition)URQWIDFLDOYLHZ

7ZRWKLUGIDFLDOYLHZ

3UR¿OHIDFLDOYLHZ

Lighting Techniques %URDGOLJKW

6KRUWOLJKW

:LQGRZOLJKW

6XEWUDFWLYHOLJKW

Exposure +LVWRJUDPVDQGFDOLEUDWLRQFKDUWV

Composition 5XOHRIWKLUGVJROGHQUDWLRV

3HUVSHFWLYH

Gallery6RPHRIP\IDYRXULWHV

Facial Analysis Guide 

Lighting Guide 

Conclusion 

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
INTRODUCTION
$%2877+,6%22.

:HOFRPHWRPORTRAIT TIPS and TECHNIQUES.7KLVERRNLVGHVLJQHGIRUDGYDQFHGDPDWHXUV


DQGQHZSURIHVVLRQDOVZLVKLQJWRLPSURYHWKHLUSRUWUDLWXUHVW\OHXVLQJQDWXUDOOLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXHV
$EDVLFNQRZOHGJHRI'6/5PDQXDOFDPHUDVHWWLQJVH[SRVXUHUHDGLQJVDQGZKLWHEDODQFHZRXOG
EHDQDGYDQWDJHWRKHOSXQGHUVWDQGWKHWHFKQLTXHVDQGSURFHGXUHVLQWKLVERRN

7KHERRNKDVEHHQSURGXFHGZLWKHDV\WRIROORZFKDSWHUVRQWKHHOHPHQWVWRSURGXFHTXDOLW\SRU
WUDLWV7KHVXEMHFWVGLVFXVVHGDQGGHPRQVWUDWHGVXFKDVfacial recognition, lighting, exposure and
compositionDUHWKHPLQLPXPNQRZOHGJHRQHVKRXOGKDYHWREHDJRRGSRUWUDLWSKRWRJUDSKHU

:KHUHSRVVLEOHWHFKQLFDOMDUJRQKDVEHHQNHSWWRDPLQLPXPDQGUHSODFHGE\SKRWRVWKDWGHPRQ
VWUDWHWKHSURFHGXUHV,EHOLHYHWKLVPHWKRGZLOOKHOSHPEHGWKHNQRZOHGJHDIWHUDOOSKRWRJUDSKHUV
are visual people and a picture is worth a thousand words.

)RU RYHU  \HDUV , KDYH EHHQ D IXOOWLPH SRUWUDLW SKRWRJUDSKHU VSHFLDOLVLQJ PRVWO\ LQ FKLOGUHQ¶V
SRUWUDLWXUHVRKRSHIXOO\WKLVZLOOH[SODLQWKHSURPLQHQFHRIFKLOGUHQDQGWHHQDJHLPDJHVWKURXJKRXW
WKLV ERRN7KH WHFKQLTXHV DUH DSSOLFDEOH WR DQ\ IRUP RI SRUWUDLWXUH LQFOXGLQJ EDELHV ZHGGLQJV
IDPLOLHVIDVKLRQHWF

7KHHTXLSPHQWUHTXLUHGWREHDQDWXUDOOLJKWSRUWUDLWSKRWRJUDSKHULVPLQLPDO$OOSKRWRJUDSKHUV
ORYHWKHLUWR\VDQG,¶PQRH[FHSWLRQKRZHYHUWKLVERRNZLOOGHPRQVWUDWHWKDWTXDOLW\SRUWUDLWXUHLV
DERXWVHHLQJ¿UVWDQGHTXLSPHQWLVVHFRQG0RVWRIWKHLPDJHVZHUHFUHDWHGE\RQHFDPHUDWZR
OHQVHV PPDQGDPP SOXVDVLOYHUZKLWHUHÀHFWRUDQGVRPHFDOLEUDWLRQFKDUWV7KHUHDO
LW\LVPRVWRIWKHLPDJHVFRXOGKDYHEHHQFUHDWHGZLWKRQHFDPHUDRQHPPOHQVDZKLWHSLHFH
RIFDUGDVDUHÀHFWRUDQGDVLPSOH.RGDNJUD\FDUGIRUH[SRVXUHDQGZKLWHEDODQFHDYHU\VPDOO
OLJKWZHLJKWNLW

6RPHSKRWRJUDSKHUVEHOLHYHQDWXUDOOLJKWSRUWUDLWXUHLVHDVLHUWKDQVWXGLRSRUWUDLWXUHKRZHYHU,GLV
DJUHH%RWKUHTXLUHWHFKQLFDOH[SHUWLVHEXWLIFUDIWHGSURSHUO\RXWGRRUSRUWUDLWXUHXVLQJQDWXUDOOLJKW
KDVPRUHYDULDEOHVDQGWKHUHIRUHPRUHGHFLVLRQVWREHPDGH<RXKDYHWR¿QGLQWHUHVWLQJORFDWLRQV
DQGVXLWDEOHOLJKWWKHFRPSRVLWLRQLVXVXDOO\PRUHFKDOOHQJLQJEDVHGRQVXUURXQGLQJHOHPHQWVDQG
RIFRXUVHWKHZHDWKHUFDQFKDQJHWKHZKROHHYHQW,QDGGLWLRQWRWKLV\RXQHHGWRNQRZIDFLDODQG
SRVLQJFRUUHFWLRQVOLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXHVSOXVEHLQFRQWURORIFKDQJLQJH[SRVXUHVDQGZKLWHEDODQFH

1R ERRN FDQ JXDUDQWHH \RX VXFFHVV KRZHYHU LI \RX FRQWLQXDOO\ SUDFWLFH WKH WHFKQLTXHV LQ WKLV
ERRN\RXZLOOVWDUWWRVHHDQGDSSUHFLDWH\RXULPDJHVLQDGLIIHUHQWZD\(YHQWXDOO\WKHVHWHFK
QLTXHVEHFRPHVHFRQGQDWXUHDQGWKLVFRQWLQXDO¿QHWXQLQJRI\RXUDUWLVZKDWcraftsmanship is
DOODERXW

7KDQN\RXIRULQYHVWLQJLQWKLVH%RRNDQGHQMR\WKHOHDUQLQJH[SHULHQFH

Cheers
Wayne Radford
0<6725<
/,9,1*7+('5($0

0\MRXUQH\DVDSKRWRJUDSKHUVWDUWHGVRPHSOXV\HDUVDJRZKHQP\IDWKHUJDYHPHKLV¶V$JID
UDQJH¿QGHUFDPHUD,KDGSHVWHUHGKLPIRU\HDUVWRXVHLWDQG¿QDOO\LWZDVPLQH1RZ,KDGWR¿JXUH
RXWKRZWRXVHLW7KDWZDVHDV\-XVWORRNDWWKHLQVWUXFWLRQVWKDWFDPHZLWKWKHER[RI¿OPDQGVHW
WKHFDPHUDWRRQHRIWKHEURDGUDQJHRIVHWWLQJVMidday, sunny, ASA 125 (ISO today) 1/125th @ F16
and you should get a result.1RRQHWROGPHDERXW)VWRSVVKXWWHUVSHHGVEDFNOLJKWLQJJROGHQKRXUV
RIOLJKWHWFLWZDVWULDODQGHUURU2IFRXUVHZDLWLQJDZHHNRUVRIRUWKHGHYHORSHGQHJDWLYHVDQG
SULQWVWRFRPHEDFNZDVIUXVWUDWLQJEXWZRUVHVWLOOZDVRSHQLQJWKHSDFNHWRQO\WRVHHP\³ZRUNVRI
DUW´XQGHUDQGRYHUH[SRVHGOh, how wonderful is digital.

5HJDUGOHVVRIWKHUHVXOWVWKHSDVVLRQZDVERUQ,FRXOGRQO\JHWEHWWHUVR,ZRXOGEX\DQRWKHUUROODQG
RII,¶GJRWDNLQJPRUHSKRWRVRIMXVWDERXWDQ\WKLQJRUDQ\ERG\DEVROXWHO\QRLGHDZKDW,ZDVGRLQJ
MXVWUHO\LQJRQWKHLQIRLQVLGHWKH¿OPER[7KHSDVVLRQWKHQJRWREVHVVLYHEXW,KDGYHU\OLWWOHPRQH\
WRLQYHVWLQHTXLSPHQWRQO\P\SDSHUUXQPRQH\ ,ZDV )RXU\HDUVODWHU,ZDVZRUNLQJDQGVDYHG
HQRXJKWREX\D3UDNWLFD6/5DQGVFUHZRQOHQV,WKRXJKWWKLVLVLW,¶PJRLQJWREHDSKRWRMRXUQDOLVW

:HOOGLVDSSRLQWPHQWIROORZHGQRFDGHWVKLSVDYDLODEOHWHFKERRNVZHUHH[SHQVLYHDQG,GLGQ¶WUHDOO\
XQGHUVWDQGWKHPDQ\ZD\QRSDUWWLPHFROOHJHVQRLQWHUQHW6RIRU\HDUV,GULIWHGWDNLQJSKRWRVXQWLO
HYHQWXDOO\,FRXOGDIIRUGVRPHWHFKERRNVDQGPDJD]LQHV,GZHOOHGRQHYHU\ZRUGGLDJUDPDQGSKRWR
LQWKRVHERRNVUHUHDGLQJDQGSUDFWLVLQJHYHU\WKLQJ,KDGUHDG,ZDVGHWHUPLQHGWKDWRQHGD\,ZDV
JRLQJWREHDSKRWRJUDSKHU0\SKRWRJUDSK\HGXFDWLRQKDGEHJXQ,FDOOWKLVP\DSSUHQWLFHVKLS\HDUV

'XULQJP\WZHQWLHVPDQ\RIP\IULHQGVDQGIDPLO\ZHUHJHWWLQJPDUULHGDQGRIFRXUVHEHLQJWKHJX\
WKDW¶VDOZD\VWDNLQJSKRWRV,ZDVDVNHGWRSKRWRJUDSKWKHLUZHGGLQJV FRPPRQVWRU\,NQRZ %\WKLV
WLPH,KDGXSJUDGHGP\HTXLSPHQWDQGKDGP\RZQ% :GDUNURRP,ZDVRI¿FLDOO\KRRNHGRQSKR
WRJUDSK\

<HDUVODWHU,KDGDFFXPXODWHGPRUHHTXLSPHQWPRUHH[SHULHQFH JRRGDQGEDG DQGVWLOOKDGWKDW


EXUQLQJGHVLUHWREHDIXOOWLPHSURIHVVLRQDOSKRWRJUDSKHU,KDGDOVRIRXQGP\QLFKHZHGGLQJVDQG
SRUWUDLWXUH7KHRQO\SUREOHPZDVWREHDSURIHVVLRQDOLQWKH¶VDQGEHWDNHQVHULRXVO\\RXQHHGHG
PHGLXPIRUPDWFDPHUDV%\WKLVWLPH,KDGWXUQHG ORQJDSSUHQWLFHVKLS PDUULHGZLWKWZRVRQV
XQGHUVFKRRODJHDJRRGSD\LQJMREDQGDFRPSDQ\FDU,KDGZRUNHGIRUWKLVFRPSDQ\IRUDURXQG
\HDUVORYHGWKHSHRSOHWKHUHEXWWKHGHVLUHWROLYHP\ER\KRRGGUHDPRYHUUXOHGP\VHFXULW\,WZDV
QRZRUQHYHU,ZDVDZDUHWKDWDV\RXJHWROGHUWKHULVNDQGIHDURIIDLOXUHVWRSVPDQ\SHRSOHIURP
SXUVXLQJWKHLUGUHDPVDQG,GLGQ¶WZDQWWRORRNEDFNODWHULQOLIHDQGUHJUHWQRWKDYLQJDJR

6RZLWKWKHVXSSRUWRIP\ZLIHZHVWDUWHGRXUKXPEOHZHGGLQJDQGSRUWUDLWEXVLQHVV:HERUURZHG
PRQH\WREXLOGDVWXGLRXQGHURXUKRXVHDQGSXUFKDVHGD%URQLFD[64FDPHUDRXW¿WDQGVWXGLR
OLJKWV,DWWHQGHGQXPHURXVVHPLQDUVRQSKRWRJUDSK\DQGEXVLQHVVWRJDLQNQRZOHGJHLQIDFW,EH
FDPHNQRZQDPRQJVWP\SHHUVDVDseminar junkie.,ÀHZDOODURXQGWKHFRXQWU\WRDWWHQGZRUNVKRSV
DQG VHPLQDUV RI VRPH RI WKH ZRUOG¶V JUHDW PDVWHU ZHGGLQJSRUWUDLW SKRWRJUDSKHUV SHRSOH VXFK DV
0RQWH=XFNHU$UQROG1HZPDQ)UDQN&ULFFKLR'DYLG=LVHU$QQDEHOOH:LOOLDPV/LVD(YDQVDQGFRP
PHUFLDOPDVWHUVVXFKDV'HDQ&ROOLQV5REHUW)DUEHUDQG-D\0DLVHOSOXVPDQ\PDQ\PRUH,WFRVWD
VPDOOIRUWXQHWRGRWKLVEXW,ZDVRQDPLVVLRQWROHDUQ
6XFFHVVLQWHUPVRIQXPEHUVRIZHGGLQJVDQGSRUWUDLWVLWWLQJVFDPHTXLFNO\:HPDUNHWHGRXUVHOYHV
HYHU\ZKHUHZLWKYDULRXVSURPRWLRQV&RPELQHGZLWKUHIHUUDOVZHZHUHRQRXUZD\EXWZHVWLOOKDGDORW
WROHDUQ7KURXJKRXWWKH¶V,KDGVXFFHVVLQSULQWFRPSHWLWLRQVDWVWDWHDQGQDWLRQDOOHYHO7KLVZDVD
JUHDWEDURPHWHUWRVKRZPHKRZIDU,KDGFRPHEXWDOVRKRZIDU,VWLOOKDGWRJR/LIHZDVPRYLQJIDVW
DQG,KDGVWDUWHGWREXLOGDUHSXWDWLRQDPRQJVWP\SHHUVVRPXFKVRWKDWRQPDQ\RFFDVLRQV,ZDV
LQYLWHGWRVSHDNDWFRQYHQWLRQVDQGFRQGXFWZRUNVKRSVWKURXJKRXW$XVWUDOLDDQG1HZ=HDODQGIURP
WR

%\VRPHWKLQJ,WKRXJKWZRXOGQHYHUKDSSHQWRPHGLG,ZDVEXUQWRXW,KDGORVWWKHSDVVLRQ
IRUZHGGLQJV7KHH[SHFWDWLRQDQGGHPDQGVIURPFOLHQWVDQGSKRWRJUDSKHUVKDGWDNHQWKHIXQDQG
FKDOOHQJHV DZD\ SOXV SUHSDULQJ IRU VHPLQDUV DQG WUDYHOOLQJ ZDV ZHDULQJ PH GRZQ ,Q DGGLWLRQ P\
VRQVKDGJURZQXSZLWKPHDZD\RQPRVWZHHNHQGVVKRRWLQJZHGGLQJVDQG,ZDVPLVVLQJRXWRQWKHLU
DFWLYLWLHV

<RXFDQ¶WIDNHSDVVLRQ5HDOSDVVLRQLVLQIHFWLRXVFOLHQWVVHQVHLWEHFDXVH\RXSURMHFWLW:KHQZHG
GLQJFRXSOHVDUHORRNLQJIRUDSKRWRJUDSKHUWKH¿QDOGHFLVLRQLVTXLWHRIWHQGRZQWRWKHDWWLWXGHDQG
SDVVLRQWKHSKRWRJUDSKHUSURMHFWV,QHHGHGWRJHWWKHSDVVLRQEDFNVRLQDIWHURYHU\HDUVRI
SDUWWLPHDQGIXOOWLPHZHGGLQJSKRWRJUDSK\,VWRSSHGSKRWRJUDSKLQJZHGGLQJV

,GHFLGHGWRIROORZP\KHDUWDJDLQDQGMXVWVSHFLDOLVHLQFKLOGUHQ¶VSRUWUDLWXUH%ODFNDQGZKLWHKDGEHHQ
SRSXODUZLWKP\SRUWUDLWFOLHQWVVLQFHVR,FUHDWHGDQLFKHDQGVSHFLDOLVHGLQFXVWRPPDGHEODFN
DQGZKLWHFKLOGUHQ¶VSRUWUDLWXUHH[FOXVLYHO\SKRWRJUDSKHGRQORFDWLRQ$WWKHWLPHPRVWSKRWRJUDSKHUV
GLGQ¶WVHHPLQWHUHVWHGLQFKLOGUHQ¶VSRUWUDLWXUH7KH\ZHUHDOOEXV\GRLQJZHGGLQJVDQGWKHVXSHUPDUNHW
SKRWRJUDSKHUVZHUHGRPLQDWLQJWKHPHGLXPWRORZPDUNHW

7KHSDVVLRQZDVEDFN,FRXOGVHHDKXJHRSSRUWXQLW\WRSURGXFHKLJKHQGH[SHQVLYHEODFNDQGZKLWH
SRUWUDLWV$QRWKHUREVHUYDWLRQZDVWKDWJUHDWZHGGLQJSKRWRJUDSKHUVGRQ¶WQHFHVVDULO\PDNHJUHDWSRU
WUDLWSKRWRJUDSKHUVDQGYLFHYHUVD7KHUHLVDWRWDOO\GLIIHUHQWOHYHORISDWLHQFHUHTXLUHGWRSKRWRJUDSK
FKLOGUHQDQG,WKLQNDV,PDWXUHG,KDGIRXQGP\WUXHQLFKH

7RGD\WHQ\HDUVODWHUWKHSDVVLRQLVDVKLJKDVHYHU,¶PVWLOOOLYLQJWKHGUHDP, MXVWUHGLUHFWHG
,¶PVWLOOSKRWRJUDSKLQJFKLOGUHQLQ% :EXWQRWZLWKP\+DVVHOEODGV7RGD\GLJLWDOKDVRSHQHGXSD
ZKROHQHZZD\RI¿QLVKLQJDQGSUHVHQWLQJRXUZRUN,VWLOOXVH¿OPIRUSHUVRQDOSURMHFWVDV,HQMR\WKH
GLVFLSOLQHRIWKHROGPDQXDO%ODGVDQG¿OPKDVDVSHFLDOORRN

,QDQG,SURGXFHGWZRKDUGFRYHUHG/LPLWHG(GLWLRQFKLOGUHQ¶VERRNV+($57 628/the
art of children’s portraiture DQG7+(1 12:a journey of children’s portraiture. It was an absolute
SOHDVXUHFUHDWLQJDQGSURGXFLQJWKHVHWZRERRNVDQGWKHSRVLWLYHIHHGEDFNIURPWKHSKRWRJUDSKHUV
ZKRERXJKWWKHPZDVKXPEOLQJ

6RDQ\WKLQJLVSRVVLEOHLI\RXIROORZ\RXUGUHDPV :KHWKHU\RX¶UHDSDUWWLPHRUYHWHUDQSKRWRJUDSKHU
ZHDOOJRWKURXJKSKDVHVRIGRXEWDWWLPHV0DQ\SHRSOHZDQWWRIROORZWKHLUGUHDPRUFKDQJHGLUHFWLRQ
DQG¿QGWKHLUQLFKHEXWDUHKHOGEDFNIRUYDULRXVUHDVRQV7KHORVVRIVHFXULW\DQGIHDURIIDLOXUHDUH
WKHWZRPDLQUHDVRQVSHRSOHGRQ¶WDFW<RXGRQ¶WKDYHWRZDLWXQWLO\RX¶UHDJUHDWSKRWRJUDSKHUWRJR
LQWREXVLQHVVRUFKDQJH,¶PDWHVWDPHQWWRWKDW<RXQHHGWKHSDVVLRQIRUZKDW\RXGRWKHGHVLUHWR
FRQWLQXDOO\¿QGZD\VWRVXFFHHGDQGLPSURYHSOXVWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWWKLQJWKDWZLOOGULYH\RXXQGHUDOO
DGYHUVLW\VHOIEHOLHI1HYHUJLYHXSQRPDWWHUZKDW

<HV\RXGRKDYHWRWDNHULVNV(YHU\GD\OLIHKDVLWVULVNVDQGIHDUVEXWWKHVHDUHWKHYHU\WKLQJVWKDW
GULYHXVWRVXFFHVV<RXZLOOKDYHIDLOXUHVORWVRIWKHPEXWOHDUQLQJIURPWKHPLVWKHVHFUHW
T of C

)$&,$/5(&2*1,7,21

FRONT FACIAL VIEW


FRONT FACIAL VIEW
7KH¿UVWRIWKHIDFLDOUHFRJQLWLRQVLVWKHIURQWYLHZ,WLVWKHPRVWEDVLFRIDOOWKHYLHZVZKHUHWKHVXE
MHFW¶VWUXHOLNHQHVVLVSURMHFWHG7KDWLVDOOWKUHHSODQHVRIWKHIDFHWZRVLGHVDQGIURQWDUHVKRZQ

&RPPRQO\UHIHUUHGWRDVD³SDVVSRUW´SKRWREXWLWFDQEHXVHGWRJUHDWHIIHFWZKHQ\RXZDQWWRFUHDWH
DPRRGVW\OHGSRUWUDLWZKHUHERWKH\HVDUHLQIRFXVDQGORRNLQJLQWRWKHFDPHUD1DWXUDOO\\RXQHHG
PRRG\OLJKWLQJDQGH[SUHVVLRQWRFRPSOHWHWKHSLFWXUH

7KLVIDFLDOYLHZLVLGHDOIRU\RXQJFKLOGUHQZKHQIDFLDOFRUUHFWLRQVDUHQRWQHFHVVDU\'LVFUHWLRQQHHGV
WREHDSSOLHGZKHQGHDOLQJZLWKODUJHUEXLOWSHRSOHSDUWLFXODUO\ZKHUHGRXEOHFKLQVDQGRWKHUIDFLDOLV
VXHVPD\EHDSUREOHP7KLVYLHZLVQRWIRUHYHU\RQHEXWIDFLDOUHFRJQLWLRQLVDERXWOHDUQLQJWRVHOHFW
WKHULJKWYLHZWRÀDWWHUHDFKVXEMHFW

,QWKHIROORZLQJSRUWUDLWAWKH\RXQJJLUOLVORRNLQJLQWRWKHOHQVZLWKDVRXOIXOPRRG\H[SUHVVLRQZLWK
ERWKH\HVHTXDOGLVWDQFHIURPWKHFDPHUDWKHUHIRUHLQIRFXV([FHSWIRUKHUKDLUERWKHDUVZRXOGKDYH
EHHQVKRZLQJ'LVFXVVLRQRQPRRGOLJKWLQJDQGSRVLQJZLOOEHFRYHUHGLQIROORZLQJFKDSWHUV

+DVVHOEODGF[PP

1RWHWKDWKHUQRVHLVDOVRVWUDLJKWDWWKHFDPHUD:LWKOLWWOH³EXWWRQQRVHV´,GRQ¶WKDYHDSUREOHP
ZLWKWKLVSRVH:LWKDGXOWVRUWHHQDJHUV\RXQHHGWREHDZDUHWKDWWKLVIDFLDOYLHZPD\HPSKDVLVHD
EURDGRUEHQWQRVHVRDOZD\VGLVFUHWHO\VWXG\\RXUFOLHQWEHIRUH\RXVWDUW\RXUVHVVLRQ
7KHIURQWIDFLDOWHFKQLTXH,SUHIHUIRUDGXOWVDQGWHHQDJHUVLVWRWXUQWKHIDFHDZD\VOLJKWO\VRWKHQRVH
SRLQWVDZD\IURPWKHFDPHUDDQGWKHH\HVORRNEDFNDWWKHFDPHUD-XVWEHFDUHIXOWKDWWKHIDUH\H
PD\QRWEHVKDUSDV\RXWXUQWKHKHDGDZD\SDUWLFXODUO\LI\RXDUHVKRRWLQJZLGHRSHQ HJ)) 
<RXPD\KDYHWRLQFUHDVH\RXUGHSWKRI¿HOGWRUHWDLQVKDUSQHVVLIWKDWLVWKHORRN\RXZDQW

7KLVSRUWUDLWZDVWDNHQZLWKDPP)/OHQVDWDVHWWLQJRI)ZKLFKJDYHPHYHU\OLWWOHGHSWKRI
¿HOGEXWLWUHQGHUHGWKHERNHK RXWRIIRFXVHIIHFW ,ZDQWHG1RWHWKHH\HDQGQRVHGLUHFWLRQFRPSDUHG
WRWKHSUHYLRXVSRUWUDLW

&DQRQ'PP)/ WK#)LVR
³classic and timeless”..........

Front facial view, both ears showing.


Eyes and a soft expression is the key to this style of portrait.

&DQRQ'PP)PDFUR
FRONT FACIAL VIEW
FRONT FACIAL VIEW
T of C

+DVVHOEODGF[PP)
FACIAL
5(&2*1,7,21
7:27+,5')$&,$/9,(:
< B 7KLVLPDJHGHPRQVWUDWHVZKDWLVUHJDUGHGDVDWUXHWZRWKLUGIDFLDOYLHZ7KHH\HVDUHPRUHFHQ
WUHGDOORZLQJWKHZKLWHVRIWKHH\HVWRIUDPHWKHLULV7KHPRXWKSRVLWLRQQRZVKRZVLWVIXOOVKDSHDQG
HYHQWKHQRVHLVLQDPRUHÀDWWHULQJSRVLWLRQ$OOYHU\VXEWOHFKDQJHVWKDWRQO\WDNHVHFRQGVRQFH\RX
NQRZWKHUXOHVVRUU\JXLGHOLQHV
&DQRQ'PP)/

“timeless classic”
7:27+,5')$&,$/9,(:

C$QRWKHUH[DPSOHRIDEDGSRVLWLRQ7KHIDFHLVWXUQHGWRRIDUWRKLVULJKWFDXVLQJWKHULJKWH\HWREH
WUXQFDWHGE\KLVQRVH7KHWLSRIWKHQRVHH[WHQGVSDVWKLVFKHHNOLQHKLVPRXWKKDVEOHQGHGZLWKKLV
ULJKWFKHHNORVLQJLWVVKDSHDQGKLVH\HVKDYHQRVSDUNOH$OVRKLVKHDGVKRXOGEHWLOWHGWRKLVULJKW
VKRXOGHU0DVFXOLQHSRVHLVWRWLOWWKHKHDGWRWKHORZHUVKRXOGHU

,QWKHVHFRQGLPDJHKLVKHDGLVWXUQHGWRKLVOHIWWREULQJWKHIDUH\HMXVWLQVLGHWKHFKHHNOLQH7KH
QRVHQRZVLWVLQVLGHWKHFKHHNOLQHDQGWKHEULGJHRIKLVQRVHLVIDUHQRXJKDURXQGWRVHHWKHVKDSHRI
KLVULJKWH\H7KHKHDGLVWLOWHGWRKLVORZHUVKRXOGHU ULJKW DQGKLVH\HVDUHSRVLWLRQHGVWUDLJKWDKHDG
VRZHFDQQRZVHHWKHZKLWHDUHDIUDPLQJKLVH\HV

$QRWKHUSRLQWLVQRWWRVHHWKHIDUHDUWKLVLVFRPPRQO\UHIHUUHGWRDVWKHRQHHDUSRVH,I\RXDOORZWKH
IDUHDUWREHVHHQLWWHQGVWRORRNOLNHDQXQQDWXUDOJURZWK

$JRRGZD\WRUHPHPEHUWKHVHJXLGHVLVWRPDNHDPHQWDOFKHFNOLVWeyes, ears, nose, cheek and


mouth.

FRUUHFWSRVLWLRQLQJ
1RWDOOUGIDFLDOSRUWUDLWVQHHGWRORRNDZD\MXVWUHPHPEHUeyes, ears, nose, cheek, and mouth.
7:27+,5')$&,$/9,(:

1RWHWKHIHHWDQGKDQGVLQERWKSRUWUDLWV/LWWOHRQHVDUHMXVWVRSHUIHFWWKH\GR
LWQDWXUDOO\MXVWEHUHDG\WRWDNHDGYDQWDJHRILW7KLVLVZKHQNQRZOHGJHDQG
OXFNFRPELQH
&DQRQ'PP)/
,I\RXWKLQNLW¶VWRRKDUGWRDSSO\WKHVHFRUUHFWLYHIDFLDOJXLGHOLQHVDQGOLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXHVFKDVLQJNLGV
DURXQGKHUHDUHWZRLPDJHVZKHUH,MXVWIROORZHGWKHOLWWOHJLUOZKLOHVKHH[SORUHGWKHVXUURXQGLQJV
(YHQWXDOO\VKHZRXOGVWRSWRVHHZKHUHKHUPRWKHUZDVVWDQGLQJRUKHUPRWKHUZRXOGFDOOKHU

Above
)URPWKHWHFKQLFDOSRLQWRIYLHZ,SODFHGKHUPRWKHUZKHUHWKHPDLQOLJKWVRXUFHZDVFRPLQJIURP
NQRZLQJWKDWDQ\WLPHVKHORRNHGEDFNDWKHUPRWKHUWKHOLJKWRQKHUIDFHZRXOGEHULJKW7KHERQXV
ZDVKDYLQJKHUERG\SRVLWLRQWXUQHGDZD\IURPWKHOLJKWDQGKHUORRNLQJEDFNWRZDUGVWKHOLJKWDOODW
WKHVDPHPRPHQW$OO,KDGWRGRZDVEHUHDG\WRPRYHVOLJKWO\WRWKHULJKWRUOHIWWRJHWWKHHDUVH\HV
QRVHFKHHNDQGPRXWKLQWKHEHVWSRVLWLRQVSRVVLEOH2QFH\RXVWDUWWRUHFRJQLVHWKRVHIDFLDOSRVL
WLRQVLWEHFRPHVVHFRQGQDWXUH2IFRXUVHH[SUHVVLRQRYHUULGHVDOOWKHVHWHFKQLFDOLWLHVEXWLW¶VZRUWK
WU\LQJWRJHWERWKLISRVVLEOH
&DQRQ'PP)/

)5217)$&,$/DQG7:27+,5'9,(:
7:27+,5')$&,$/9,(:

&20%,1,1*7:2)$&,$/9,(:6

7KHFRPELQDWLRQRIIURQWDQGWZRWKLUGIDFLDOYLHZVRIWKHIDFHLVFRPPRQO\XVHGZLWKDQ\VL]HJURXS
,W¶VPRUHYLVXDOO\SOHDVLQJDQGDOVRDQRSSRUWXQLW\WRXVHFRUUHFWLYHSRVHVWRÀDWWHUSHRSOH7KHUHLVDQ
LQIRUPDWLRQFKDUWRQFRUUHFWLYHSRVHVIXUWKHURQLQWKLVERRNZKLFKZLOOH[SODLQWKHYDULRXVSRVHVDQG
OLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXHVUHTXLUHGIRUGLIIHUHQWFRUUHFWLRQV

6RPHSKRWRJUDSKHUVZLOOWKLQNLW¶VWRR³stiff and old hat´WRDSSO\WKHVHWHFKQLTXHVDQGZRXOGUDWKHU


VKRRWIURPWKHKLS2QFH\RXXQGHUVWDQGWKHFRUUHFWLRQV\RXFDQLQVWLQFWLYHO\DSSO\WKHPLQDIUHH
ÀRZLQJPDQQHU,W¶VMXVWFRQ¿GHQFHWKDWZLOODOORZ\RXWREHDEOHWRORRNDWVRPHRQHDQGNQRZKRZWR
SRVHOLJKWDQGÀDWWHUWKHP,WPD\EHDVVLPSOHDVREVHUYLQJ\RXUVXEMHFWVQDWXUDOVWDQFHDQGPDNLQJ
D¿QHWXQLQJDGMXVWPHQWWRDFFRPPRGDWHWKHOLJKWLQJRUPRYLQJ\RXUVHOIWRDEHWWHUSRVLWLRQ$Q\RQH
FDQVKRRWIURPWKHKLSGLJLWDOKDVPDGHLWHDV\EXWDFUDIWVPDQFDQSXWWKHFODVVLQWRWKHLPDJH

7KHSKRWRRIWKHER\VRQWKHRSSRVLWHSDJHLVDQH[DPSOHRIWZRIDFLDOYLHZVFRPELQHG,W¶VDOVRDJRRG
H[DPSOHRIWKLQJVQRWJRLQJWRSODQ,VHWXSWKHHOGHVWER\¿UVWLQWKHWZRWKLUGYLHZDQGWKHVKRUWOLJKW
LQJ,ZDQWHG PRUHRQOLJKWLQJIXUWKHURQ ,WKHQSODFHGWKH\RXQJHVWER\RQKLVEURWKHU¶VODSERGLHV
IDFLQJHDFKRWKHU,NQHZWKH\RXQJER\ZRXOGWXUQDQGORRNEDFNDWKLVPRWKHUJLYLQJPHWKHDQJOH,
ZDQWHG

:HOOWKDWZDVWKHWKHRU\7KHUHDOLW\ZDVKHVWUXJJOHGWRJHWGRZQVR,TXLFNO\DVNHGWKHPRWKHUWR
VORZO\ZDONDZD\$WWKDWPRPHQWKHVWRSSHGUHOD[HGORRNHGDWKLVPRWKHUDQG,TXLHWO\DVNHGKLVELJ
EURWKHUWRPRYHKLVKHDGFORVHUWRKLVOLWWOHEURWKHU&OLFNFOLFNRYHULQVHFRQGV1RLWGRHVQ¶WDOZD\V
ZRUNEXWKDYLQJVRPHNQRZOHGJHRIOLJKWLQJDQGZKHUHWKHLUERGLHVDQGIDFHVZRXOGORRNEHVWLVEHWWHU
WKDQUDSLGPRWRUGULYHVKRWVKRSLQJ\RXKDYHVRPHWKLQJ

,¶PQRWDJDLQVWWKHWUHQGRIWKH³SKRWRMRXUQDOLVWVW\OH´:KHQ,ZDVSKRWRJUDSKLQJZHGGLQJVLQWKH¶V
DQG¶VZHFDOOHGLW³FDQGLG´1RWKLQJLVUHDOO\WKDWQHZGLIIHUHQWWLPHVGLIIHUHQWQDPHV0\SUHIHU
HQFHLVIRUDPRUHFRQWUROOHGVW\OHPRUHGLUHFWLYH,JXHVVDV,MXVWDSSUHFLDWHWKHFUDIWVPDQVKLSDS
SURDFKPRUHKRZHYHUWKHUHDUHWLPHV,JRFDQGLGOLNHEHORZ
/HLFD0PP)
'28%/(7:27+,5')$&,$/9,(:
)$&,$/5(&2*1,7,21
PROFILE FACIAL VIEW

T of C
B
'RXEOH3UR¿OH
PROFILE FACIAL VIEW

1RWHWKHJLUO¶VH\HVRFNHWDQGIDUFKHHNDUHSURWUXGLQJ

This EDFNSUR¿OHIDFLDOSRVLWLRQKDVFOHDQHUOLQHVDQGLVWKHFRUUHFW
DOUBLE PROFILE
T of C
/,*+7,1*7(&+1,48(6
%52$'/,*+7
6+257/,*+7
:,1'2:/,*+7
68%75$&7,9(/,*+7

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
/,*+7,1*7(&+1,48(6

TO SHAPE AND CORRECT THE FACE

7KHUHDUHPDQ\ZD\VWROLJKWSRUWUDLWVRXWGRRUVVXFKDVXVLQJRQFDPHUDÀDVK¿OORURIIFDPHUDVWUREHV
ZLWKXPEUHOODVDQGRWKHUOLJKWPRGL¿HUV7KHPDMRULW\RIP\ZRUNLVSKRWRJUDSKLQJFKLOGUHQVR,KDYH
WRNHHSLWVLPSOHDQGQRWZRUU\ZKHWKHUWKHÀDVK¿OOVWUREHVDUHJLYLQJPHWKHDPRXQWRIOLJKW,ZDQW
0\SUHIHUHQFHLVIRUVRIWQDWXUDOOLJKWIURPWKHRSHQVN\XVLQJWKHVXEWUDFWLYHDQGUHÀHFWRUWHFKQLTXHV
,¶OOEHFRYHULQJWKRVHWHFKQLTXHVLQXSFRPLQJFKDSWHUV

:KDWLVRSHQVN\"7RSXWLWVLPSO\LW¶VWKHRSSRVLWHOLJKWWRWKHVXQ,W¶VEHVWWRDYRLGWKHKDUVKFRQWUDVW
WKHVXQSURYLGHVVRWKHRSSRVLWHDUHDWRWKHVXQLVWKLVKXJHRSHQVN\DUHDZKLFKLVUHDOO\DUHÀHFWHG
OLJKWVRXUFHRIWKHVXQ)RUFHQWXULHVDUWLVWVUHIHUUHGWRWKLVRSHQOLJKWVRXUFHDVWKHQRUWKOLJKW VRXWK
OLJKWIRUSHRSOHLQWKHVRXWKHUQKHPLVSKHUH EXWLWFDQDOVREHRSHQVN\IURPWKHHDVWZKHQWKHVXQLV
VHWWLQJ,QJHQHUDONHHSLQJWKHVXQEHKLQGWKHVXEMHFWVLVDJRRGVWDUWLQJSRLQW

7KHEHVWVRXUFHRIWKLVOLJKWLVWKH¿UVWRUODVWKRXUVRIWKHGD\ZKHQWKHOLJKWLVDWLWVVRIWHVW7KLV
RIFRXUVHZLOOYDU\GHSHQGLQJRQZKHUH\RXOLYHLQWKHZRUOG-XVWORRNIRUVKDGHGDUHDVWKDWDUHOLWE\
WKLVRSHQOLJKWVRXUFHDQG\RXZLOOKDYHWKHPRVWEHDXWLIXOVRIWQDWXUDOOLJKW/RRNIRUVKDGHFUHDWHG
E\EXLOGLQJVWUHHVDQGRSHQLQJVWRGRRUZD\VDQGZLQGRZV1H[WLVWROHDUQDERXWWKHDQJOHVRIOLJKW
WRXVH

7KHWZROLJKWLQJVW\OHVWREHH[SODLQHGQH[WDUH%52$'/,*+7DQG6+257/,*+77KHVHDUHWKHWZR
VW\OHVPRVWO\XVHGIRUP\SRUWUDLWXUH

BROAD LIGHTING
7KLVW\SHRIOLJKWLOOXPLQDWHVWKHODUJHVWSRUWLRQRIWKHIDFHFORVHVWWRWKHFDPHUDFDXVLQJWKHIDFHWR
DSSHDUODUJHUWKHUHIRUHVKRXOGEHXVHGZLWKFDXWLRQZLWKODUJHUEXLOWSHRSOH,WLVDOLJKWLQJVW\OHWKDWLV
XQDYRLGDEOHZKHQSKRWRJUDSKLQJJURXSVGXHWRYDU\LQJDQJOHVZLWKLQWKHJURXS6RZKHQVHWWLQJXS
JURXSV,VXJJHVWEURDGOLJKWLQJIRUWKHVOLPPHUEXLOWDQGVKRUWOLJKWLQJIRUWKHODUJHUEXLOWSHRSOH

$VWKHLOOXPLQDWHGDUHDLVSDUDOOHOWRWKHOLJKWVRXUFHLWZLOOQRWFUHDWHJRRGWH[WXUH$QH[DPSOHLVWKH
EULGH¶VGUHVV,I\RXWXUQWKHGUHVVWRZDUGVWKHOLJKWWKHGHWDLOLVORVWRUDWEHVWLVÀDWZLWKQRVSDUNOH
1RZWXUQKHUDZD\IURPWKHOLJKWDOOWKHGHWDLOFRPHVWROLIH%URDGOLJKWLQJKDVDGYDQWDJHVZKHQGHDO
LQJZLWKVNLQEOHPLVKHV:KHQXVHGZLWKDVRIWOLJKWVRXUFHOLNHWKHRSHQVN\LWÀDWWHQVWKHVNLQWH[WXUH
KHOSLQJUHGXFHVNLQSUREOHPV

7KHIROORZLQJLPDJHVGHPRQVWUDWHD%URDGOLWSRUWUDLW

PROS:JRRGIRUVOLPPHUEXLOWSHRSOH CONS:XQÀDWWHULQJWRODUJHUEXLOWSHRSOH
VXLWVPHQZLWKVWURQJVKDUSIHDWXUHV UHGXFHVWKHLPSDFWRIWH[WXUHV
KHOSVUHGXFHVNLQEOHPLVKHV
%52$'/,*+732575$,7

BROAD SIDE SHORT


SIDE

DIRECTION
2)0$,1
/,*+7
SOURCE

broad side short side


LVFORVHVW is in
WRFDPHUD shadow
DQGPDLQOLJKW
VRXUFH

MHFW
VXE

W
WOLJK
LHQ ERG\DZD\IURPOLJKW
E
DP IDFHWXUQHGWRZDUGVFDPHUD
FDPHUa

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
%52$'/,*+7,1*

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG1RFRQ
WHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
%52$'/,*+7,1*
/,*+7,1*7(&+1,48(6
TO SHAPE AND CORRECT THE FACE

SHORT LIGHTING
7KLVVW\OHRIOLJKWLQJLOOXPLQDWHVWKHSODQHRIWKHIDFHIXUWKHUHVWIURPWKHFDPHUDWKHUHIRUHSODFLQJWKH
EURDGSRUWLRQLQWKHVKDGRZVFORVHVWWRWKHFDPHUD7KLVOLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXHLVWKHPRVWIDYRXUHGE\
DUWLVWVDQGSKRWRJUDSKHUVIRUWKHDELOLW\WRVKDSHDQGÀDWWHUWKHIDFHDQGLVVXLWDEOHIRUPHQZRPHQ
DQGFKLOGUHQ

7KLVVW\OHLVWKHRQHHYHU\SKRWRJUDSKHUVKRXOGPDVWHU9DU\LQJGHJUHHVRIVRIWDQGGUDPDWLFOLJKWLQJ
FDQEHDFKLHYHGWKURXJKFRQWURORIWKHhighlight to shadow values (contrast)E\XVLQJZKLWHRUVLOYHU
UHÀHFWRUV(YHQDEODFNVFULP EODFNERDUGRUFORWK FDQEHSODFHGWRVXEWUDFW RUEORFN OLJKWRQWKH
VKDGRZVLGHWRGHHSHQVKDGRZV

7KHGUDPDWLFOLJKWLQJYHUVLRQRIWKLVWHFKQLTXHLVUHIHUUHGWRDV³5HPEUDQGW´OLJKWLQJQDPHGDIWHUWKH
JUHDWDUWLVW+LVIDYRXULWHOLJKWLQJZDVVKRUWDQGGUDPDWLFFUHDWLQJD triangular light patch on the shad
RZVLGHRIWKHIDFHVXUURXQGHGE\GHHSVKDGRZV

PROS: ideal for all subjects CONS: can increase skin blemishes
helps reduce size of face and body use with caution with narrow faces
brings out texture detail (suggest using lower contrast lighting)
very controllable
6+257/,*+7,1*

BROAD SIDE SHORT


FORVHVWWR SIDE
FDPHUD furtherest
from
FDPHUD

DIRECTION
2)0$,1
/,*+7
SOURCE

BROAD SIDE SHORT


in shadow SIDE
lit

MHFW
VXE

DPEL
HQWOL
JKW

ERG\WXUQHGWRZDUGVOLJKW FDPHUa
KHDGEDFNWRFDPHUDSRVLWLRQ

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
6+257/,*+7,1*

VRIWWULDQJXODUOLJKWSDWFK

7KHVHWZRLPDJHV DERYHDQGULJKW DUHH[DPSOHVRIVWURQJHUOLJKWLQJUHPLQLVFHQWRIWKH³5HPEUDQGW´


VW\OHRIOLJKWLQJ1RWHWKHWULDQJXODUSDWFKRIOLJKWXQGHUWKHH\HVFORVHVWWRFDPHUDSRVLWLRQ7KLVDUHD
ZLOOEHVRIWHUDQGVOLJKWO\GDUNHUWKDQWKHPDLQOLJKWVLGHEXWEOHQGVJUDGXDOO\LQWRWKHVKDGRZV

:KHQZRUNLQJZLWKQDWXUDOOLJKWLQVXEGXHG VKDGRZ DUHDVWKHOLJKWLVZLGHDQGVRIW7KLVDOORZVWKH


WUDQVLWLRQEHWZHHQKLJKOLJKWVDQGVKDGRZVWREHJUDGXDODQGVPRRWK2IFRXUVHWKHXVHRIDUHÀHFWRU
ZLOOFRQWUROWKHLQWHQVLW\RIVKDGRZVDQGFRQWUDVW,SUHIHUWKHXVHRIDZKLWHUHÀHFWRULQEULJKWHUFRQGL
WLRQVEXWVLOYHULVXVXDOO\DEHWWHUFKRLFHRQRYHUFDVWRUGDUNHUFRQGLWLRQVVXFKDVLQVLGHDGDUNURRP

7,38VLQJDUHÀHFWRUQHHGVWREHVXEWOHGRQ¶WOHWLWRYHUSRZHU,I\RXFDQVHHDVWURQJHIIHFWEDFNRIIVOLJKWO\
6+257/,*+7,1*
6+257/,*+7,1*

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
6+257/,*+7,1*

1RWHWKHVKDGRZVRQWKHEURDGVLGH FORVHVWWRFDPHUD RIWKHIDFHRIWKH\RXQJPDQDERYHDUHOLJKWHU


WKDQSUHYLRXVLPDJHV7KLVLVFUHDWHGE\WKHOLJKWFRORXUHGZDOOUXQQLQJDORQJEHKLQGKLP¿OOLQJLQWKH
VKDGRZVLGHRIKLVIDFH7RLQFUHDVHWKHGHQVLW\RIWKHVKDGRZDUHDKHZRXOGKDYHWRPRYHDZD\IURP
WKHZDOO/LJKWQHXWUDOFRORXUHGZDOOVPDNHJUHDWUHÀHFWRUVDVWKH\DUH¿[HG<RXQHHGWRPRYHWKH
VXEMHFWWRFRQWUROWKHDPRXQWRI¿OO

7KHOLJKWJUD\SDYHPHQWKHLVVWDQGLQJRQDOVRDFWVDVDQDWXUDOUHÀHFWRUE\ERXQFLQJOLJKWXSXQGHUWKH
H\HV$OZD\VWU\WRXVHWKHHQYLURQPHQWWRDGYDQWDJHWKLQJVOLNHQHXWUDOZDOOVOLJKWJUD\SDYLQJDQG
DWWKHEHDFKOLJKWFRORXUHGVDQG7KH\DUHDOOQDWXUDOUHÀHFWRUV
6+257/,*+7,1*

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
/,*+7,1*7(&+1,48(6
WINDOW LIGHT........... understanding the light
0RVWRIP\QDWXUDOOLJKWSRUWUDLWXUHLVFUHDWHGRXWGRRUVGXULQJWKHODWHDIWHUQRRQDURXQGWKHODVW
PLQXWHVRIWKHGD\ZKHQWKHOLJKWLVDWLWVVRIWHVW3RUWUDLWXUHXVLQJZLQGRZVDQGGRRUZD\VFDQEHFUH
DWHGPRVWWLPHVRIWKHGD\SURYLGLQJ\RXDUHXVLQJVRIWRSHQVN\DQGQRWEULJKWOLJKW,VWLOOSUHIHUWKH
ODWHOLJKWIRUPRVWRIP\ZRUNDVLWLVWKHVRIWHVWDQGKHOSVDYRLGFRQWUDVW\OLJKW

, NQRZ LQ PDQ\ SDUWV RI WKH ZRUOG \RX FDQ SKRWRJUDSK RXWGRRUV QHDUO\ DOO GD\ KRZHYHU , OLYH LQ
4XHHQVODQG$XVWUDOLD DVXEWURSLFDODUHDZLWKH[WUHPHKDUVKOLJKWDQGYHU\OLWWOHWZLOLJKW VRWKHODWHU,
VWDUWWKHVRIWHUWKHOLJKWZKLFKKHOSVUHGXFHKRWVSRWV ZKLWHEXUQRXWV LQWKHEDFNJURXQGV$OVRWKH
VRIWOLJKWUHGXFHVFRQWUDVWDOORZLQJPHWRFRQWUROWKHOLJKWZLWKUHÀHFWRUVDQGVXEWUDFWLYHWHFKQLTXHVIRU
DPRUHVXEWOHHIIHFWSOXVDJUHDWHUFKRLFHRIEDFNJURXQGVWKDWDUHQ¶WDIIHFWHGE\EULJKWOLJKW

<RXFRXOGDOVRSKRWRJUDSKSRUWUDLWVHDUO\PRUQLQJ,QVRPHFRXQWULHVWKLVZRXOGEHDJRRGLGHDKRZ
HYHUIRUPHWKHHDUO\OLJKWJHWVFRQWUDVW\YHU\TXLFNO\DIWHUVXQULVH$OVRWKHWKRXJKWRISKRWRJUDSKLQJ
HQHUJHWLFFKLOGUHQDWDPGRHVQ¶WDSSHDOWRPH

7RSURGXFHWKHLPDJHVLQWKLVERRNWKHVXEMHFWVZHUHDOOSKRWRJUDSKHGHLWKHURXWGRRUVLQGLIIXVHGOLJKW
RUE\XVLQJZLQGRZVRUGRRUZD\V2IFRXUVH\RXZLOODGMXVWWRVXLW\RXURZQORFDOLW\-XVWORRNIRUVRIW
EURDGOLJKWDYRLGKDUVKOLJKWDQGEULJKWEDFNJURXQGVIRUWKLVVW\OHRIFODVVLFSRUWUDLWXUH

VSHFXODUKLJKOLJKWVGLIIXVHGKLJKOLJKWVHGJHWUDQVIHUDQGVKDGRZYDOXH

,W¶VLPSRUWDQWWRKDYHVRPHXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIZKDWWKHVHPHDQDQGKRZWKH\DIIHFW\RXUSRUWUDLWV0DQ\
QHZSKRWRJUDSKHUVWRWKLVLQGXVWU\RIWHQGLVPLVVWKLVDVXQQHFHVVDU\³WHFKRVWXII´EXWE\OHDUQLQJWR
UHFRJQLVHZKDWHIIHFWWKH\KDYHDQGKRZWRFRQWUROWKHPOLIHLQ3KRWRVKRSZLOOEHFRPHHDVLHUDQG\RXU
SULQWTXDOLW\ZLOOWDNHRQDQHZORRN,I\RXKDYHHYHUEXUQWRXWKLJKOLJKWVRQDIRUHKHDGFKHHNRUQRVH
\RXZLOONQRZZKDW,PHDQWLPHZDVWHGWU\LQJWR¿[LWZKHQLWFRXOGKDYHEHHQFRQWUROOHG

,KDYHUHFRPPHQGHGXVLQJVRIWOLJKWWHFKQLTXHVLQWKLVERRNIRUJRRGUHDVRQ7KHXVHRIÀDVKRUD
EULJKWOLJKWVRXUFHFDQFDXVH\RXPRUHWURXEOHWKDQLW¶VZRUWKZLWKVKLQ\RUPRLVWVNLQHYHQZLWKVRIW
OLJKWPRGL¿HUV:HQHHGVSHFXODUKLJKOLJKWVWRDGGGHSWKDQGVKDSHEXWRQVNLQZHQHHGVRPHGHWDLO
RULWZLOODSSHDUZDVKHGRXWZLWKQRGHWDLO0DQ\SURVEHOLHYH¿OPKDQGOHGWKHVHSUREOHPVEHWWHUGXH
WRLWVKLJKHUODWLWXGHEXWGLJLWDOSKRWRJUDSKHUVQHHGWRNQRZKRZWRKDQGOHWKHVHVSHFXODUKLJKOLJKWV

$OWKRXJK,VKRRW¿OPIRUVRPHRIP\SHUVRQDOSURMHFWVP\GDLO\ZRUNLVZLWKD'6/50RVWRIP\SRU
WUDLWVDOHVDUHODUJHUSULQWVL]HV FPWRFPZLGH VRWKHVSHFXODUKLJKOLJKWSUREOHPRQVNLQLVPRUH
RIDQLVVXHWKDQZLWKVPDOOHUSULQWV:+$772'20DNHXSLVGH¿QLWHO\DQDGYDQWDJHHYHU
QRWLFHGKRZJRRGWKHEULGH¶VVNLQORRNVDQGWKHJURRP¶VVNLQLVVKLQ\":HOOIXOOPDNHXSLVQRWDOZD\V
SUDFWLFDO:KLOHWUDQVOXFHQWSRZGHULVQH[WEHVWLWVQRWDOZD\VSUDFWLFDOZKHQSKRWRJUDSKLQJFKLOGUHQ
6RDOZD\VFDUU\WLVVXHVWRSDGGRZQDQ\RLO\VNLQRUVZHDW6LPSOH

7KHVNLQQHHGVWREHDVÀDWLQWH[WXUHDVSRVVLEOH12811(&(66$5<6+,1(

&RQWUROOLQJWKHVNLQUHÀHFWDQFHLVDVLPSRUWDQWDVOLJKWLQJDQGSRVLQJLW¶VWKH¿QHWXQLQJRIDSRUWUDLW
EHIRUHDQ\SRVWSURGXFWLRQ7KHEHWWHURXU³LQFDPHUD´VNLOOVDUHWKHOHVVWLPHWU\LQJWR¿[LWODWHURU
ZRUVHWKLQNLQJLWLVDFFHSWDEOHSRUWUDLWXUHDQGGRLQJQRWKLQJ
1H[WLVWRUHGXFHWKHFRQWUDVWWKDW¶VWKHdiffused highlight to shadow difference:KHUH,DPSKRWR
JUDSKLQJLVJRLQJWRGHWHUPLQHP\DSSURDFK,I,¶PLQGRRUVXVLQJZLQGRZOLJKW,ZRXOGPRYHWKHVXEMHFW
IXUWKHULQWRWKHURRPDZD\IURPWKHZLQGRZ7KLVZLOOUHGXFHWKHDPRXQWRIOLJKWVWULNLQJWKHVXEMHFW
FUHDWLQJDZHDNHUDQGVRIWHUOLJKW VORZHUVKXWWHUVSHHGVDOVR WKHVRIWHUWKHOHVVVSHFXODU%\XVLQJ
DUHÀHFWRU\RXFDQFRQWUROWKHFRQWUDVWUDQJHE\PRYLQJLWLQFORVHUWRVRIWHQVKDGRZVRUDZD\WRFUH
DWHGHHSHUVKDGRZV7KLVGRHVUHTXLUHSUDFWLFHDQGLVVXEMHFWLYHWRWKHVW\OH\RX¶UHORRNLQJIRU7U\WR
NHHSDVWRSUDQJHEHWZHHQWKHGLIIXVHGKLJKOLJKWYDOXHDQGVKDGRZVLGHDQ\IXUWKHUFRQWUDVWFDQ
EHDSSOLHGSRVWSURGXFWLRQ

SPECIAL NOTE:0RYLQJWKHVXEMHFWDZD\IURPWKHZLQGRZPD\FDXVHWKHOLJKWWRFRPHIURPDORZHU
DQJOH<RXVKRXOGKDYHWKHOLJKWDWDERXWGHJUHHVIURPDERYH5HPHPEHUFKHFNWKHVSHFXODUOLJKW
LQWKHH\HVWKH\VKRXOGEHDURXQGRUR¶FORFN VHHLPDJHEHORZ 

([SRVXUHDQGFRQWUDVWLVGHWHUPLQHGE\DVSRWPHWHUUHDGLQJIURPDJUD\FDUGPHDVXUHPHQWIURPWKH
diffused highlight value¿UVWWKHQWKHshadow side6HWWKHFDPHUDWRWKH¿UVWPHDVXUHPHQWDQGWKHQ
DGMXVWWKHUHÀHFWRURQWKHVKDGRZVLGHWRJLYHDUHDGLQJRIDURXQGVWRSVWRVWDUWZLWK$JDLQSUDF
WLVHWRDFKLHYH\RXUVW\OH(see subtractive lighting chapter on histogram data measurements).

,IWKHURRPLVWRRVPDOODQG\RXFDQ¶WPRYHWKHVXEMHFWDZD\IURPWKHZLQGRZ\RXFDQPRYHWKHVXE
MHFWEDFNDZD\IURPWKHFDPHUDVRWKHVXEMHFWLVOHYHOZLWKWKHHGJHRIWKHZLQGRZ7KLVDOORZVWKHOLJKW
WRSDVVLQIURQWRIWKHVXEMHFWDQGWKLVHGJHOLJKWLVUHJDUGHGDVWKHVRIWHVWDQGOHDVWVSHFXODU

DIFFUSED VALUE, SHADOW VALUE AND SPECULAR HIGHLIGHTS


DUHWKHWKUHHGHQVLWLHVWKDWFRQWUROVKDSHIRUPWH[WXUHDQGGHSWKLQDQLPDJH

__
FDWFKOLJKWVDWDURXQGRUR¶FORFN
VSHFXODU
KLJKOLJKWV
VKLQHRQVNLQ

UHÀHFWHGKLJKOLJKW
GLIIXVHGKLJKOLJKW value
value
WUXHWRQHRUEULJKWQHVV

shadow

VKDGRZHGJHWUDQVIHU
WKHDUHDZKHUHKLJKOLJKWV EOHQGZLWKVKDGRZ
this should be as smooth as possible
:,1'2:/,*+7FRQWLQXHG
&20,1*7+528*+
$0%,(17/,*+7

WINDOW

5HÀHFWRU
ZKLWHRUVLOYHU
WRERXQFHOLJKW
IURPZLQGRZEDFN
into shadows
RIIDFH ERG\

$PELHQWOLJKW
should be soft subdued
OLJKWIURPRSHQVN\
QRWGLUHFWVXQ

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
/,*+7,1*7(&+1,48(668%75$&7,9(/,*+7

,PDJLQHFUHDWLQJDSRUWUDLWLQWKHPLGGOHRID¿HOGRQDQRYHUFDVWGD\7KHOLJKWZRXOGEHGLIIXVHGEXW
WKHVWURQJHVWOLJKWLVIURPDERYHFDXVLQJGDUNH\HVRFNHWVDQGÀDWOLJKWEDVLFDOO\DSRUWUDLWZLWKQR
VKDSHQRIRUPQRWH[WXUHDQGQROLIH

,IZHZHUHWRKROGDODUJHEODFNXPEUHOODRUERDUGKLJKDERYHWKHVXEMHFW¶VKHDGZLWKWKHIURQWHGJH
LQIURQWRIWKHOLQHRIWKHIDFHWKHZKROHORRNFKDQJHV1RZZHKDYHVXEWUDFWHGOLJKWIURPDERYHDQG
IRUFHGOLJKWWRVWULNHWKHIDFHDQGH\HVDWDQDQJOHIURPWKHIURQW,W¶VLPSURYHGDORWEXWLWLVVWLOODELWÀDW
6RQRZPRYHWKHVXEMHFWWRDOLQHRIWUHHV DVDQH[DPSOH DQGVWDQGWKHVXEMHFWVRWKDWWKHULJKWRUOHIW
KDQGVLGHRIWKHLUIDFHLVSDUDOOHOWRWKHWUHHV:KDW\RXZLOOQRWLFHLVWKDWWKHOLJKWKDVEHHQVXEWUDFWHG
IURPWKHWUHHVLGHRIWKHIDFHDVZHOOFUHDWLQJDVSOLWOLJKWLQJ HTXDO HIIHFW1RZWXUQWKHKHDGVOLJKWO\
WRWKHRSSRVLWHVKRXOGHUDQG\RXZLOOKDYHVRPHVKDSHDQGIRUP

7KLVPD\VHHPDVWUDQJHH[DPSOHDQGQRWWKHLGHDOSRVHEXW,ZDVVKRZQWKLV\HDUVDJRWRGHP
onstrate the subtractive lighting techniqueDQGLWVWXFNOLNHJOXH7KLVLVP\IDYRXULWHVW\OHRIOLJKWLQJDQG
DOOSRUWUDLWVLQWKLVERRNH[FHSWWKHEHDFKLPDJHVZHUHFUHDWHGWKLVZD\7KLVWHFKQLTXHLVLGHDOWRXVH
ZLWKGRRUZD\VZLQGRZVEXLOGLQJRYHUKDQJVDQGWUHHV,WLVTXLFNSUHGLFWDEOHDQGUHOLDEOHZKDW\RX
VHHLVZKDW\RXJHW

-XVWUHPHPEHUWRNHHSWKHVXEMHFWFORVHWRWKHHGJHRIDQ\RYHUKDQJ QRWOHYHORULQIURQW DVWKLVFRQ


WUROVWKHDQJOHRIOLJKW7KHIXUWKHULQIURPWKHHGJHWKHORZHUWKHDQJOHRIOLJKWZLOOEHLGHDOO\DURXQG
GHJUHHV/RRNLQWKHH\HVDWWKHFDWFKOLJKWV VSHFXODUGRWV 7KH\VKRXOGEHDURXQGWKHRUR¶FORFN
SRVLWLRQDQG\HVDUHÀHFWRUFDQKHOSDGGVRPHH[WUDVSDUNOHWRWKHH\HV

:LWKVWXGLROLJKWLQJ\RXPRYHWKHOLJKWVWRFUHDWHVKDSHDQGIRUP1DWXUDOOLJKWSRUWUDLWXUHLVDERXWPRY
LQJWKHVXEMHFWWRWDNHDGYDQWDJHRIWKHVWDWLRQDU\OLJKWVRXUFH7KHVDPHSULQFLSDOVRIVKRUWDQGEURDG
OLJKWLQJDSSO\WRERWKMXVWDGLIIHUHQWSURFHGXUH

$RYHUKDQJLQJWUHHFUHDWLQJVRIWVKDGRZDUHD
A
%VRIWHGJHVKDGRZDUHDFUHDWHGE\WKHHGJH
RIWKHRYHUKDQJLQJIROLDJH,'($/$5($

&GHHSHUVKDGRZDUHDFUHDWHGE\WKHGHQVH
IROLDJHLQWKHPLGGOHRIWKHRYHUKDQJ

'RSHQVKDGHDUHDVWURQJGRZQOLJKW

D This session was taken 2 hours before sunset. The


sun was hidden by the buildings, but was bouncing
light off the surrounding buildings, as can be seen
C on the pillars in the background.
B
7KH\RXQJJLUOLVVLWWLQJDWWKHVRIWHGJHRIWKHVKDGRZ7KHOLJKWLVVXEWUDFWHGIURPDERYHE\WKHRYHU
KDQJLQJIROLDJH7KHOLJKWRQKHUULJKWKDQGVLGHLVVXEWUDFWHGE\DEXLOGLQJDQGWKHPDLQOLJKWRQKHU
OHIWKDQGVLGHLVIURPWKHVRIWRSHQVN\7KHDFFHQWOLJKWRQWKHULJKWFKHHNZDVIURPDJODVVUHÀHFWLRQ
WKDWZDVDELWRIOXFN 7KHFDWFKOLJKWVLQKHUH\HVDUHDWR¶FORFNDQGWKH³5HPEUDQGW´WULDQJOHSDWFK
LVRQKHUULJKWFKHHN7KLVLVKRZLWDOOFRPHVWRJHWKHUWZRWKLUGIDFLDOYLHZDQGVKRUWOLJKWLQJ
/,*+7,1*7(&+1,48(668%75$&7,9(/,*+7
),1',1*68,7$%/(/2&$7,216

7KHVHLPDJHVDUHVRPHRIP\IDYRXULWHORFDWLRQVLQRXUFLW\7KHWRSLPDJHLVWKHHQWU\WRDUDLOZD\
VWDWLRQSOXVDQRWKHURYHUKDQJDERXWPHWUHVDZD\7KHUHDUHORFDWLRQVHYHU\ZKHUHZHSDVVWKHP
DOOWKHWLPHQRWUHDOLVLQJKRZXVHIXOWKH\DUHIRUWKHVXEWUDFWLYHOLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXH

+HUHDUHVRPHPRUHLGHDVXQGHUEULGJHVHQWU\WRWXQQHOVRSHQLQJWRDJDUDJHRUVKHGDQGEXVVKHO
WHUVMXVWWRQDPHDIHZ5HPHPEHU\RXQHHGWKHRSHQVN\DVWKHPDLQOLJKWVRXUFHQRWWKHGLUHFWVXQ

centre
area
edge
area

JDWHDUHDZDVFKRVHQ > FDPHUDSRVLWLRQ

,WLVSUHIHUDEOHWRKDYHWKHURRIRYHUKDQJDVKLJKDVSRVVLEOH WRPHWUHVDWOHDVW VRWKHOLJKWFDQ


HQWHUDWDUHDVRQDEOHDQJOHWRFUHDWHEHWWHUPRGHOOLQJ,ILWLVWRRORZWKHOLJKWWHQGVWREHKRUL]RQWDODQG
WKLVZLOOVKRZLQWKHH\HVZLWKWKHFDWFKOLJKWVDWDERXWRUR¶FORFNSRVLWLRQLQVWHDGRIDURXQGRU
R¶FORFN+DYLQJDKLJKHURYHUKDQJDOORZV\RXWREHDEOHWRFRQWUROWKHSRVLWLRQRIWKHVXEMHFWE\PRYLQJ
WKHPLQRUDZD\IURPWKHOLJKWWRVXLW,IWKHRYHUKDQJLVORZWU\VLWWLQJWKHVXEMHFWWRLQFUHDVHWKHDQJOH
RUPRYHWKHPVOLJKWO\RXWWRWKHOLJKW

7KLVLVDOOVXEMHFWLYHWRWKHRYHUKDQJKHLJKWEXWXQGHUVWDQGLQJZKHUHWKHOLJKWVKRXOGEHDQGZLWKVRPH
SUDFWLFHLWZLOOEHFRPHVHFRQGQDWXUH0\FDPHUDSRVLWLRQLVSDUDOOHOWRWKHURDGDQGVKRRWLQJDORQJWKH
IRRWSDWKWRZDUGVWKHSHRSOHLQWKHEDFNJURXQG VHHSKRWRVRSSRVLWH 

7KHVPDOOHULQVHUWSKRWRVKRZVDQRWKHURYHUKDQJZKLFKLVORZHU7KHFHQWUHDUHDLVGDUNHUEXWWKHOHIW
VLGHKDVDVRIWHUHGJHZKLFK,WKLQNLVPRUHLGHDO,ZRXOGSKRWRJUDSKIURPWKDWVLGHVKRRWLQJEDFN
XQGHUWKHRYHUKDQJ,I\RXKDYHQ¶WWULHGVXEWUDFWLYHOLJKWLQJEHIRUHQH[WWLPH\RX¶UHRXWSKRWRJUDSKLQJ
SODFH\RXUVXEMHFWLQRSHQVKDGHZLWKQRURRI7KHQWU\XQGHUDQRYHUKDQJDVDERYHDQGVHHWKHGLI
IHUHQFH$IWHUP\¿UVWWLPH,QHYHUXVHG¿OOÀDVKDJDLQIRUWKLVVRIWPRRG\VW\OHRISRUWUDLWXUH
68%75$&7,9(/,*+7,1*

&DQRQ'PP)/

&DQRQ'PP)/
T of C

EXPOSURE
+,672*5$06
*5$<&$5'6
CALIBRATION CHARTS
EXPOSURE +,672*5$06

)RUPDQ\\HDUVH[SRVXUHIRUQHJDWLYH¿OPZDVVLPSOHMXVWWDNHDQLQFLGHQWUHDGLQJIRUWKHVKDGRZ
DUHDRQHIURPWKHKLJKOLJKWDUHDWRFKHFNWKHFRQWUDVWUDWLRWDNHDFRORXUWHPSHUDWXUHUHDGLQJ FRORXU
¿OP DGMXVWWKHFDPHUDIRUWKHVKDGRZUHDGLQJDQGVWDUWVKRRWLQJ/HVVWKDQVHFRQGV

:HVWLOOWDNHWKHH[SRVXUHUHDGLQJVDQGFRORXUWHPSHUDWXUHKDVEHHQUHSODFHGE\ZKLWHEDODQFH
$OOVRXQGVWKHVDPHH[FHSWZHVWDUW³FKLPSLQJ´FKHFNLQJDQGVHFRQGJXHVVLQJWRPDNHVXUHLW¶V
DOOULJKWWLPHZDVWLQJZKLOHRXUFOLHQWVZDLW,WKRXJKW,ZDVWKHRQO\RQHGRLQJWKLVXQWLO,QRWLFHGRWKHU
SKRWRJUDSKHUVGRLQJWKHVDPHDQGUHDOLVHGKRZGLVRUJDQLVHGLWORRNHGWRWKHFOLHQW1RZ,GRWKHVHW
WLQJVRQFHIRUHDFKDUHD,¶PZRUNLQJLQFKHFNWKHKLVWRJUDPPDNHDQ\DGMXVWPHQWVDQGGRQ¶WORRNDW
WKHEDFNRIWKHFDPHUDDJDLQXQWLO,¶P¿QLVKHGLQWKDWDUHD'21¶7/22.$7($&+6+27<287$.(

(YHU\RQHKDVWKHLURZQZD\RIVHWWLQJXSDQG,¶PVXUHWKH\DOOZRUNEXWWKLVLVKRZ,JRDERXWLW

VHWWKHFDPHUDWRPDQXDO
DGMXVWFDPHUDWR5DZVHWWLQJ
WXUQWKHFOLSSLQJZDUQLQJRQ
VHWWKHZKLWHEDODQFHWR$XWR:KLWH%DODQFH
FKDQJHFDPHUDWRVSRWUHDGLQJ
DVNVXEMHFWWRKROGWKH*UD\&DUGWXUQHGVOLJKWO\WRWKHPDLQOLJKWVRXUFHVRLWLVHYHQO\OLW
PRYHDVFORVHDVSRVVLEOHWR¿OOWKHYLHZ¿QGHUZLWKDVPXFKFDUGDVSRVVLEOH
WDNHDVSRWUHDGLQJIURPWKH*UD\&DUGDGMXVWWKHH[SRVXUHDQGWDNHDSKRWR
FKHFNWKHFDPHUD¶VKLVWRJUDPWKHUHVKRXOGEHDVSLNHLQWKHPLGGOHUHSUHVHQWLQJWKHJUD\FDUG
QRZLQFUHDVHWKHH[SRVXUHLIQHFHVVDU\E\DGMXVWLQJWKHVKXWWHUVSHHGRUDSHUWXUHE\RU
WRSXVKWKHKLVWRJUDPWRWKHULJKWDVIDUDVSRVVLEOHZLWKRXWWKHFOLSSLQJZDUQLQJDFWLYDWLQJ

7KHPDMRULW\RIWKHGDWDLVLQWKHKLJKOLJKWVLGHVR,¶PGUDJJLQJWKHVKDGRZVLGHDVIDUWRWKHULJKWDV
SRVVLEOHZLWKRXWFOLSSLQJWKHKLJKOLJKWV

LEVELS OF DATA
=RQH OHYHOVRIGDWD
=RQH OHYHOVRIGDWD
=RQH OHYHOVRIGDWD
=RQH OHYHOVRIGDWD
=RQH OHYHOVRIGDWD

7KDWPHDQVRIQHDUO\OHYHOVRIGDWDOHYHOVDUH ]RQH]RQH]RQH]RQH]RQH
LQWKHPLGWRWKHEULJKWHVWWRQHV ]RQHV VRLWPDNHV 
VHQVHWRWDNHDEDVHH[SRVXUHDQGDGMXVWLWWRWKHULJKWDV
PXFKDVSRVVLEOHWRLQFUHDVHPRUHVKDGRZGDWD

6RPHWLPHVVSHFXODUKLJKOLJKWV QRGHWDLO ZLOOVHWRIIWKHFOLS


SLQJZDUQLQJ,ZRXOGUDWKHULJQRUHWKDWVR,FDQUHVFXHDV
PXFK VKDGRZ GHWDLO DV SRVVLEOH 2I FRXUVH GRQ¶W VDFUL¿FH
LPSRUWDQWKLJKOLJKWGHWDLOLILW¶VJRQH\RXFDQ¶WJHWLWEDFN
<HV+'5LVDQRWKHUVWRU\
EXPOSURE *5$<&$5'6$1'&$/,%5$7,21&+$576

7KHSUHYLRXVSDJHFRYHUHGH[SRVXUHXVLQJDVLPSOHJUD\FDUGZKLFKLVHDV\WRXVHDQGHFRQRPLFWR
SXUFKDVH,I\RXZRUNLQFRORXUDQG\RXZDQWPRUHDFFXUDWHUHDGLQJVWKHQD*UHWDJPDFEHWK&RORXU
&KHFNHU ZRXOG FHUWDLQO\ JLYH \RX PRUH DFFXUDF\ DFURVV D UDQJH RI FRORXUV$V D ³EODFN DQG ZKLWH´
SRUWUDLWSKRWRJUDSKHUZKRGRHVWKHRGGFRORXUDVVLJQPHQW,SUHIHUWKHVSHHGDQGFRQYHQLHQFHRIWKH
JUD\FDUGVIRUH[SRVXUHDQGSRVWSURGXFWLRQ

$ZRQGHUIXOQHZSURGXFW,KDYHDFTXLUHGLVWKHDigital Calibration TargetIURP3KRWRYLVLRQ86$


7KH\DUHDYDLODEOHLQ´´´´VL]HVDQGVLPSO\WZLVWDQGIROGXSWROHVVWKDQKDOIWKHVL]HHDVLO\
6R IRU WKH ZHGGLQJ DQG SRUWUDLW SKRWRJUDSKHU WKH\ JHW VSHHG DFFXUDF\ DQG FRQYHQLHQFH RI D OLJKW
ZHLJKWSURGXFWDWDUHDVRQDEOHSULFH

I have never spoken to anyone about the product. However, I saw the Targets on the internet when I
was looking for a new gray card and thought this was just perfect, and I like to share the good products
that offer value for money and quality. http://www.photovisionvideo.com

There are comprehensive video tutorials that come with each target, but basically I use it the same way
DVH[SODLQHGRQWKHSUHYLRXVSDJH7KHWKUHHVSLNHVDUHYHU\SURPLQHQWVRDIWHU\RXU¿UVWH[SRVXUH
check the reading and adjust to the right, keeping the white spike from entering the clipping area. In the
video it explains and demonstrates what happens when you are photographing a low key subject (dark
area with no whites e.g.: a model on a dark background). The following are some images of the target
and relative histograms showing various exposures.

over exposureKLJKOLJKWV under exposedPRUHH[ correct exposure,


DUHFOLSSHG posure required to move KLJKOLJKWVDUHDVIDUWR
WKHKLJKOLJKWVWRWKHULJKW WKHULJKWZLWKRXWFOLSSLQJ
ZKLFKPHDQVWKHPLGWRQHV
and shadows have moved
&$6(678'<,SKRWRJUDSKHGWKLV\RXQJPDQZKHQKHZDV\HDUVROGDJDLQDWDQGQRZDW
,WLVDOZD\VDJUHDWSOHDVXUHWRFRQWULEXWHWRDIDPLO\¶VKLVWRU\,¶PVXUHZKHQKHLVROGHUZLWKFKLOGUHQRI
KLVRZQKHZLOODSSUHFLDWHWKDWKLVSDUHQWVUHFRJQLVHGWKHYDOXHRIKDYLQJSURIHVVLRQDOSRUWUDLWVWDNHQ
RIKLVGHYHORSLQJ\HDUV7KLVVHVVLRQZDVWDNHQDWKLVSDUHQWV¶KRPHDQGDVKHLVDVSRUWVPDQLWZDV
DSSURSULDWHWRLQFOXGHSDUWRIKLVOLIHVW\OHZKLFKZDVWKHZHLJKWVEHQFKDQGER[LQJEDJ,GRQ¶WOLNHWKH
SURSVWRRYHUSRZHUDFORVHXSSRUWUDLWDVWKH\EHFRPHGLVWUDFWLQJMXVWHQRXJKWRVKRZWKHWKHPH

7KHOLJKWLQJWHFKQLTXHLVsubtractive7KH\RXQJPDQLVVWDQGLQJXQGHUWKHEDOFRQ\RIWKHXSSHUOHYHO
RIWKHKRXVHDERXWPHWUHVLQIURPKLVULJKWVLGHDQGPHWUHVIURPWKHIURQWHGJHRIWKHEDOFRQ\7KH
RYHUKDQJLVVXEWUDFWLQJWKHOLJKWIURPWKHWRSDQGIRUFLQJWKHOLJKWWRFRPHDWDQDQJOHRQKLVULJKWKDQG
VLGH7KLVLVQRZWKHPDLQOLJKWVRXUFHWKHIURQWOLJKWLVZHDNHUDQGLV¿OOLQJWKHVKDGRZV7KHZDOORQ
KLVOHIWLVLQWKHVKDGRZVRIWKHKRXVHDQGLVVXEWUDFWLQJOLJKWIURPWKHOHIWVLGHRIKLVIDFH

+HKDVYHU\³FKLVHOOHG´IDFLDOIHDWXUHVVRbroad lighting LVSHUIHFWWRVKRZKLVVWURQJIDFHDQGQHFN


1RWHWKHH\HVRFNHWVDUHQRWGDUNDQG\RXFDQVHHWKHWULDQJXODUSDWFKRQKLVOHIWFKHHN$QRWKHUVPDOO
EXWLPSRUWDQWSRLQWLVWKHFORWKLQJWRQHLVGDUNWKLVKHOSVWRIRFXVRQWKHVXEMHFW2XUH\HVDUHDWWUDFWHG
WRWKHEULJKWHVWFRORXURUOLJKWHVWWRQH % : VR,SUHIHUGDUNHUFRORXUVIRUWKLVVW\OHRISRUWUDLWXUH
&20326,7,21
RULE OF THIRDS
*2/'(15$7,26
PERSPECTIVE
T of C
&20326,7,21
+DYH\RXHYHUORRNHGDWDSRUWUDLWDQGWKRXJKWVRPHWKLQJGLGQ¶WVHHPULJKW"7KHSRVHWKHOLJKWLQJDQG
WKHH[SUHVVLRQDOOORRNHGJRRGEXWLWODFNHGVRPHWKLQJWRJLYHLWWKDWZRZIDFWRU,QPRVWFDVHVLWZLOO
WUDFHEDFNWRWKHFRPSRVLWLRQ

6RZKDWLVFRPSRVLWLRQ"2QHFRXOGZULWHDZKROHERRNMXVWRQWKDWVXEMHFWFRYHULQJVXEMHFWVOLNHPDWK
HPDWLFDOHTXDWLRQVJHRPHWU\HWFIDUEH\RQGP\FRPSUHKHQVLRQKRZHYHUWKHSXUSRVHRIWKLVERRNLV
WRWU\WRNHHSLWVLPSOHDQGZRUNDEOHIRUDOOOHYHOVRIH[SHULHQFH

The simple answer is KDUPRQLRXV EDODQFH RI WKH HOHPHQWV ZLWKLQ WKH LPDJH (OHPHQWV VXFK DV
EDFNJURXQGREMHFWVWKDWFUHDWHVKDSHFRORXUDQGWRQHSOXVVXEMHFWSODFHPHQWDOOIRUPLQYLVLEOHOLQHV
WKDWFUHDWHSHUVSHFWLYHDQGOHDGXVWKURXJKWKHLPDJH8VHGFRUUHFWO\WKH\ZLOOIRUPEDODQFHDQGEULQJ
KDUPRQ\WR\RXUFRPSRVLWLRQ,KDYHOLVWHGVRPHRIWKHVHHOHPHQWVLQWRJURXSVVRZHFDQORRNDWZKDW
LPSDFWWKH\KDYHRQDQLPDJH

PLACEMENT
3KRWRJUDSKHUVDQGDUWLVWVRIWHQUHIHUWRWKH³UXOHRIWKLUGV´ as the guideIRUSODFHPHQWRIWKHVXEMHFW
The purists will refer to the ³JROGHQUDWLR´ZKLFKKDVDUDWLRRI  FRPSDUHGWRPP¿OP
UDWLRRI DVSHFWUDWLR 7KH³JROGHQPHDQUDWLR´KDVKLVWRU\RQLW¶VVLGH,WVFDQEHGDWHGEDFN
WKRXVDQGVRI\HDUVWRSDLQWLQJVDQGGUDZLQJVRIWKH3\UDPLGVDQGWKH5RPDQ(PSLUHMXVWWRQDPH
D FRXSOH EXW PLOOLRQV RI \HDUV LQ UHODWLRQ WR QDWXUH DQG WKH KXPDQ ERG\ IRU PRUH LQIR RQ WKLV MXVW
*RRJOH 

+RZGRHVWKLV¿WZLWKSKRWRJUDSK\"$UJXDEO\WKHZRUOG¶VPRVWUHQRZQHGWKFHQWXU\SKRWRJUDSKHU
+HQUL&DUWLHU%UHVVRQZDVZHOONQRZQIRUFURSSLQJLQFDPHUD$VDWUDLQHGDUWLVWEHIRUHKHZDVDSKR
WRJUDSKHUKHKDGWKHGLVFLSOLQHDQGYLVXDOWUDLQLQJWRXQGHUVWDQGWKHJHRPHWU\RIWKH³JROGHQUDWLR´DQG
KRZLWFRXOGEHDSSOLHGWRSKRWRJUDSK\,W¶VWKLVXQGHUVWDQGLQJWKDWJDYHKLVLPDJHVDZRQGHUIXOV\P
PHWU\)LQHWXQLQJRXUSRUWUDLWXUHLVDERXWVHHNLQJWHFKQLTXHVWKDWLPSURYHRXUZRUNDQG,EHOLHYHLWLV
ZRUWKWKHH[WUDWLPHDQGGLVFLSOLQHWROHDUQWKH³JROGHQUDWLR´7KHUHDUHPDQ\LQGHSWKWXWRULDOVDYDLODEOH
RQOLQHEXW,VXJJHVWGRZQORDGLQJDFRS\RIWKH³*ROGHQ5DWLR´JXLGHDQGVWDUWUHFURSSLQJ\RXUH[LVW
LQJLPDJHVWRVHHZKDWLPSURYHPHQWVFDQEHPDGH7KHQVWDUWSUDFWLVLQJWKHVNLOORISUHYLVXDOLVDWLRQ
EHIRUHWDNLQJWKHSKRWR

0RVWSKRWRJUDSKHUVZLOOSUREDEO\GLVPLVVWKH³JROGHQUDWLR´DVXQQHFHVVDU\DQGFRQWLQXHXVLQJWKH
³UXOH RI WKLUGV´7KHUH¶V QR SUREOHP XVLQJ WKLV JXLGH DV PRVW SKRWRJUDSKHUV OHDUQ WKLV HDUO\ LQ WKHLU
FDUHHUV,W¶VVLPSOHHQRXJKMXVWGLYLGHWKHYLHZ¿QGHULQWRRQHWKLUGSURSRUWLRQVERWKYHUWLFDODQGKRUL
]RQWDO VHHGLDJUDPV DQGSODFHWKHFHQWUHRILQWHUHVWRQRQHRIWKHLQWHUVHFWLQJSRLQWV7KLVZLOOJLYH
\RXDPRUHLQWHUHVWLQJSKRWRWKDQSODFLQJLWLQWKHFHQWUH

,I\RXDUHDZHGGLQJRUFKLOGSRUWUDLWSKRWRJUDSKHUTXLWHRIWHQ\RXDUHVKRRWLQJRQWKHUXQDQGLWFDQ
EHKDUGWRDOLJQDOOWKHHOHPHQWV6RWRVLPSOLI\WKHWHFKQLTXHRI³UXOHRIWKLUGV´KHUH¶VDQDOWHUQDWLYH
'LYLGH\RXUYLHZ¿QGHULQWRTXDUWHUVDQGSODFHWKHFHQWUHRILQWHUHVWQHDUWKHPLGGOHRIRQHRIWKHTXDG
UDQWV VHHGLDJUDPV 7KHYLHZ¿QGHURID'6/5KDVDURZRIKRUL]RQWDOIRFXVSRLQWVDQGDVPDOOHUURZ
RIYHUWLFDOIRFXVSRLQWVVRWKHGLYLVLRQRITXDUWHUVLVDOUHDG\DYDLODEOHDOEHLWWKH\DUHLPDJLQDU\OLQHV

7DNHDORRNDWWKHLPDJHVLQFOXGHGLQWKLVFKDSWHUVKRZLQJWKH³UXOHRIWKLUGV´DQGFRPSDUHWKHVDPH
LPDJHZLWK³TXDUWHUV´\RXZLOO¿QGWKHUHLVQRWDKXJHGLIIHUHQFHLQWKH¿QDOSODFHPHQWRIWKHVXEMHFW
9,(:),1'(5&20326,7,21*8,'(

TYPICAL VIEWFINDER LAYOUT VIEWFINDER DIVIDED INTO THIRDS


)25&$121'&$0(5$ H[DPSOHRQO\ 

X X

X X

9,(:),1'(5:,7+*2/'(163,5$/ VIEWFINDER DIVIDED INTO QUARTERS


; SRLQWVRILQWHUHVW

9,(:),1'(5:,7+7:2*2/'(163,5$/6 ',$*21$/6$1'*2/'(175,$1*/(6
$1'',$*21$/,17(56(&7,1*/,1(6
&20326,7,21

RULE OF THIRDS
7KHWRSLPDJHRQWKHRSSRVLWHSDJHUHSUHVHQWVWKHRULJLQDOSRUWUDLWWDNHQDSSO\LQJWKHrule of thirds.
,QWHUVHFWLQJSRLQWVRQWKHER\¶VIDFHDQGULJKWKDQGDUHJRRGRYHUDOODQDFFHSWDEOHVDOHDEOHSRUWUDLW
7KHFURSSLQJLVWKHVWDQGDUGIRUP\'6/5FDPHUD

GOLDEN SPIRAL
5HFURSSLQJWKHLPDJHXVLQJWKHgolden spiralFKDQJHVWKHDVSHFWUDWLRWRVRDVPDOODPRXQW
WRSDQGERWWRPKDVEHHQFURSSHGRII7KHVSLUDOQRZVKRZVWKDWWKHJLUO¶VKDQGLQWHUVHFWVRQWKHFXUYH
DQG,¿QGWKHVOLJKWO\ORQJHUUDWLRFUHDWHVDEHWWHUÀRZ,W¶VRQO\DVXEWOHDGMXVWPHQWEXW,EHOLHYHZRUWK
GRLQJ

GOLDEN TRIANGLE
7KHERWWRPSRUWUDLWLVVKRZLQJWKHGLDJRQDOOLQHDQGWULDQJOHZKLFKLVZLWKLQWKHgolden spiral,I\RX
ZHUHWRGUDZDOLQHIURPWRSULJKWKDQGFRUQHUWRWKHERWWRPOHIWKDQGFRUQHURIWKHgolden spiral, you
ZRXOGQRWLFHWKHGLDJRQDOOLQHSDVVHVWKURXJKERWKWKHER\¶VDQGJLUO¶VOHIWH\H1RZGUDZDOLQHIURP
WKHERWWRPULJKWKDQGFRUQHUWRWKHWRSSRLQWRIWKHYHUWLFDOOLQHLWDOVRSDVVHVWKURXJKWKHER\¶VOHIW
H\H7KHWULDQJXODUERWWRPVHFWLRQLVNQRZQDVWKHJROGHQWULDQJOH

,I\RXSODFHWKHFHQWUHRILQWHUHVWRQWKHWRSSRLQWRIWKHWULDQJOHDQGSODFHVHFRQGDU\SRLQWVRILQWHUHVW
DORQJWKHGLDJRQDOOLQHVWKLVZLOOFUHDWHDPRUHSOHDVLQJEDODQFHDQGÀRZWR\RXULPDJHV

SPECIAL NOTE
/LNHPRVWSKRWRJUDSKHUV,XVHWKHrule of thirdsPRVWRIWKHWLPHVRPHSKRWRJUDSKHUVFDOOLWWKH³OD]\
PDQ¶VUXOH´EHFDXVHRILWVVLPSOLFLW\<HV,EUHDNWKHUXOHVRIWHQIRUZKDW,EHOLHYHLVEHWWHUFUHDWLYH
FRQWHQW,QZULWLQJWKLVERRN,UHYLVLWHGVRPHRIP\+HQUL&DUWLHU%UHVVRQERRNVDQGVDZKLVFRPSRVL
WLRQLQDGLIIHUHQWOLJKW+HZDVVRFRQVLVWHQWXVLQJWKHgolden ratio LQKLVFRPSRVLWLRQ,KDGWDNHQKLV
ZRUNDWEHLQJDJUHDWPDVWHUSKRWRMRXUQDOLVWIRUJUDQWHGEXW,FDQQRZVHHWKHLQYLVLEOHOLQHVRIWKH
golden ratios DQGKRZLWVKDSHGKLVLPDJHV

In my early years my peers pushed the rule of thirdsDVWKHZD\WRFRPSRVHLPDJHV:KLOHLWLVDJUHDW


JXLGHDQGLVHDV\WRWHDFKWKHVXEWOHYDULDWLRQVDQGÀRZRIWKHgolden means KDVPXFKPRUHWRRIIHU
RXUFRPSRVLWLRQ,KRSHWKHVLPSOL¿HGGLDJUDPVDQGSKRWRVUDWKHUWKDQPDWKHPDWLFDOHTXDWLRQVDQG
JHRPHWU\PDNHLWHDVLHUWRXQGHUVWDQG,I\RXIHHO\RXQHHGPRUHWHFKQLFDOXQGHUVWDQGLQJWKHUHDUH
many tutorials and youtube videos on the *ROGHQ5DWLRDQG)LERQDFFL¶VQXPEHUV

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
RULE OF THIRDS

*2/'(163,5$/

*2/'(175,$1*/(
*2/'(175,$1*/(
&20326,7,21 FRQWLQXHG

0$,1&(175(2)
INTEREST OR FOCUS
DSSUR[LPDWHO\
one third in and one third
down

,17+,6(;$03/(7+(
/2:(67*8,'(/,1(
WAS USED FOR THE
%2<¶6(<(6:+,&++$6
$//2:('7+(072%(
PLACED IN THE TOP
7+,5'=21(

*2/'(15(&7$1*/(

$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
*2/'(163,5$/

SECONDARY POINTS
OF INTEREST ON
THE ARC

PLACE THE CENTRE OF


INTEREST ON THE
,17(56(&7,1*32,17
7+((<(25%5,'*(2)
NOSE IS IDEAL

*2/'(175,$1*/(

*2/'(163,5$/

7+(0$6.2)7+(
*2/'(15(&7$1*/(
FACE WAS CHOSEN TO
THE LEFT EYE WAS CHOSEN $92,'72208&+%(,1*
AS THE CENTRE OF INTEREST CROPPED OFF THE TOP
T of C
&20326,7,21
PERSPECTIVE
&20326,7,21 PERSPECTIVE

3DUW RI WKH G\QDPLFV RI FRPSRVLWLRQ LV SHUVSHFWLYH7KLV FDQ EH EURNHQ GRZQ LQWR WZR PDLQ DUHDV
Firstly there is angle of view DQG VHFRQGO\ LV perspective distortion7KHVH WZR SRZHUIXO WHFKQLTXHV
DORQHZRXOGLPSURYHWKHLPSDFWRIPRVWLPDJHV

7KHIROORZLQJLVDEUHDNGRZQRIHDFKFRPSRQHQWH[SODLQLQJKRZ,XVHWKHVHWRLPSURYHWKHORRNRIP\
SRUWUDLWV8VLQJWKHVHLQFRPELQDWLRQZLWKRWKHUWHFKQLTXHVLQWKLVERRNLVDVWHSWRZDUGFUHDWLQJ\RXU
RZQXQLTXHVW\OH

$1*/(2)9,(:
:KHQSKRWRJUDSKLQJFKLOGUHQ,SUHIHUWRJHWGRZQWRWKHLUOHYHOUDWKHUWKDQVWDQGLQJXSORRNLQJGRZQ
DWWKHP7KHSUREOHPZLWKWKHODWWHUFDQEHIDFLDOGLVWRUWLRQ$QH[DPSOHZRXOGEHDODUJHUKHDGDQG
VPDOOHUERG\SDUWLFXODUO\LIWKHVXEMHFWLVIXOOOHQJWKDQGORRNLQJXSDWWKHFDPHUD,¶PWDONLQJJHQHUDO
SRUWUDLWXUHKHUHRIFRXUVHWKHUHDUHVRPHFUHDWLYHZD\VWREHVXFFHVVIXOIURPDKLJKHUDQJOH

0\SUHIHUHQFHLVIRUWKHORZHUDQJOH7KLVFDQUHDOO\PDNH\RXUVXEMHFWVWDQGRXWIURPWKHEDFNJURXQG
%\JHWWLQJGRZQWRDOPRVWJURXQGOHYHOWKHIRUHJURXQGGHSWKRI¿HOG DUHDLQIURQWRIWKHVXEMHFWWKDWLV
LQIRFXV LVGLPLQLVKHGFDXVLQJMXVWDERXWHYHU\WKLQJLQIURQWRIWKHVXEMHFWWREHEOXUUHG(YHQLI\RX¶UH
VKRRWLQJDW)RU)LWZLOODSSHDUPRUHOLNH\RXKDGDORZHU)VWRSVHWWLQJ VHHH[DPSOHV 

7KLVDOVRFUHDWHVDPRUHG\QDPLFORRNDVPRVWSHRSOHYLHZFKLOGUHQIURPDGXOWKHLJKWVRWKHORZHU
SHUVSHFWLYHKDVDUHDO:2:IDFWRU

$QRWKHUDQJOHRIYLHZLVWRSKRWRJUDSKDORQJZDOOVIHQFHVSLHUVWUDFNVHWF7KLVDGGVGHSWKWR\RXU
LPDJHVDQGZKHQXVHGZLWKDZLGHUDQJOHOHQVFDQKHOSWHOOWKHVWRU\RIWKHLPDJHE\VKRZLQJZKHUH
WKHVHHOHPHQWVOHDG$OVRORRNIRUVKDSHVLQWKHHOHPHQWVOLNH³6´FXUYHVWRFUHDWHLQWHUHVW

PERSPECTIVE DISTORTION
Telephoto and wide angleOHQVHVDUHXVHGWRQDUURZRUZLGHQWKHDQJOHRIYLHZWRFUHDWH
LQWHUHVWLQJYLHZLQJGLVWDQFHVDQGSHUVSHFWLYHV

7KHWHOHSKRWRGLVWRUWLRQFRPSUHVVHVWKHGLVWDQFHIURPVXEMHFWWREDFNJURXQGÀDWWHQLQJWKHDSSHDU
DQFHRIWKHLPDJH%HFDXVHRIWKLVÀDWWHQLQJHIIHFWORQJHUOHQVHVWHQGWRUHQGHUIDFLDOIHDWXUHVXQÀDW
WHULQJLQFORVHXSSRUWUDLWV7KHPPUDQJH PPFDPHUDV LVUHJDUGHGDVWKHEHVWIRUFORVHXS
SRUWUDLWVDVWKHGLVWRUWLRQLVPLQLPDO2IFRXUVHXVLQJDPPOHQVVHWDW)IRUDKDOIWRIXOOOHQJWK
SRUWUDLWLVJRLQJWRPDNHWKHVXEMHFWVWDQGRXWDQGORRNDZHVRPH-XVWEHFDUHIXORIVKRRWLQJWRRFORVH

,XVXDOO\SKRWRJUDSKP\SRUWUDLWVZLWKDPPOHQVXVLQJWKHUDQJHIRUFORVHXSVDQGKDOI
OHQJWKVDQGUDQJHIRUWKUHHTXDUWHUDQGIXOOOHQJWKSRUWUDLWV

7KH ZLGH DQJOH GLVWRUWLRQ PP  LV LGHDO IRU VKRZLQJ WKH GLVWDQFH UHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ VXEMHFW
DQGEDFNJURXQGFUHDWLQJDZLGHUYLHZSDUWLFXODUO\ZKHQXVHGFORVHWRWKHVXEMHFW VHHVDPSOHLPDJH 
:KHQZRUNLQJFORVH\RXPD\JHWGLVWRUWLRQRIIDFLDOIHDWXUHVZLWKOHQVHVXQGHUPP,JHQHUDOO\XVHD
PPIRUZLGHSRUWUDLWVZKHUHEDFNJURXQGLQIRUPDWLRQLVLPSRUWDQW7KHDGYDQWDJHRIGLJLWDOLVLQVWDQW
IHHGEDFNVRWU\XVLQJ\RXUH[LVWLQJZLGHDQJOHOHQVHVDWGLIIHUHQWGLVWDQFHVDQGFRPSDUHWKHUHVXOWV
RI\RXUSRUWUDLWV%HDZDUHWKDW\RXFDQJHWVRPHHGJHGLVWRUWLRQLI\RXUVXEMHFWLVFORVHWRWKHHGJH
&DQRQ'PP)/,6
VHW#PP)WK

%RWKLPDJHVDUHIURPWKHVDPHORFDWLRQEXWHDFKKDVDGLIIHUHQWSHUVSHFWLYH
7KHLPDJHDERYHKDVDKLJKHUDQJOHRIYLHZFRPSDUHGWRWKHLPDJHEHORZZKLFK
ZDVWDNHQZLWKWKHFDPHUDDSSUR[LPDWHO\PPDERYHWKHJURXQG7KHFDPHUD
VHWWLQJVDUHVLPLODUEXWLW¶VWKHORZHUDQJOHLPDJHWKDWWKURZVWKHIRUHJURXQGRXWRI
IRFXVDQGPDNHVWKHWUDFNGLSGRZQEHKLQGWKHER\VZKHUHDVWKHLPDJHDERYH
KDVDVWURQJHUDUHDRIIRFXVDURXQGWKHFKLOGUHQDQGWKHWUDFNMXVWVWRSV1RWH
KRZWKHIRUHJURXQGWREDFNJURXQGLVFRPSUHVVHGE\XVHRIWKH]RRPOHQVVHWDW
DURXQGPP

&DQRQ'PP)/,6
VHW#PP)WK
&DQRQ'PP)/,6 SHUVSHFWLYH
VHW#PP)WK

$JDLQDFRPELQDWLRQRIORZDQJOHRIYLHZZLWKDORQJOHQVJLYHVDJUHDWSHUVSHFWLYHRIDFKLOG¶V
ZRUOG%OXUUHGIRUHJURXQGDQGEDFNJURXQGZLWKWKHVXEMHFWVVKDUSSOXVWHOHSKRWRFRPSUHVVLRQ

&DQRQ'PP)/,6
VHW#PP)WK
/HLFD0PP)
VHW#)WK7FQ

:LGHDQJOHYLHZWHOOVPRUHRIDVWRU\DERXWWKHVXEMHFWDQGWKHLUHQYLURQPHQWE\VKRZLQJGHSWK
DQGVKDSH1RWHWKHFXUYHGSDWKVLQERWKLPDJHV7,3avoid facial distortion by not getting to close.

/HLFD0PP)
VHW#)WK7FQ
&DQRQ'PP)/
VHW#)WK
HTXLYDOHQWWRPPRQIXOOIUDPHVHQVRU

%RWKLPDJHVKDYHDORZDQJOHRIYLHZ7KHLPDJHDERYHFRXOGQ¶WJRDQ\ORZHUDVWKHFHQWUH
URFNVZRXOGEOHQGZLWKWKHSLHUDQGKRUL]RQ,WKLQNLWLVORZHQRXJK,QWKHERWWRPLPDJHWKH
FDPHUDLVDOPRVWRQWKHVDQGDOORZLQJWKHFDPHUDWRORRNXSDWWKHEDE\

&DQRQ'PP)/
VHW#)WK
HTXLYDOHQWWRPPRQIXOOIUDPHVHQVRU
3RUWUDLWVWDNHQDWDKLJKHUDQJOHRIYLHZFDQFUHDWHLQWHUHVWLQJSRUWUDLWV7KHWZRWKLUGDQJOHRIWKH
IDFHDQGVKRUWOLJKWLQJVWLOODSSO\HYHQLQWKLVSRUWUDLW7KHSRUWUDLWZDVWDNHQZLWKDPPOHQVDW
)#WKIRFXVLQJRQKLVOHIWH\HODVKHV,QVWHDGRIFRPSUHVVLRQEOXUULQJ\RXZRXOGJHW
ZLWKDWHOHSKRWROHQVWKHPLON\EOXULVSXUHO\DVKDOORZGHSWKRI¿HOGFDXVHGE\WKHOHQVVHWWR)

7KHPPOHQVLVKLJKO\XQGHUUDWHG7KHDQJOHRIYLHZLVFORVHWRRXUH\HVDQGSKRWRJUDSKLQJDW
DQ\WKLQJDERYH)MXVWORRNVOLNHDVQDSVKRW(YHU\WKLQJLVLQIRFXVPXFKOLNHDSRFNHWFDPHUD
7KHEHVWZD\LVWRVKRRWDWWKHPD[LPXPDSHUWXUHVRLILW¶V)RU)XVHLWWKDWZD\DQG\RXZLOO
VHHWKLVOHQVLQDGLIIHUHQWOLJKW7KLVOHQVLVOLJKWHUWKDQD]RRPJHQHUDOO\DPXFKZLGHUDSHUWXUH
IRFXVHVFORVHUDQGJLYHVJUHDWTXDOLW\,I\RXZHUHWREX\MXVWRQHOHQVWKLVLVWKHRQHSDUWLFXODUO\
WKH)DQG)UDQJH7KHIROORZLQJLPDJHVZHUHDOVRWDNHQZLWKD&DQRQ'DQGPP)/
VHWEHWZHHQ)DQG)<RXSUREDEO\JXHVVHGLWLVP\IDYRXULWHOHQVHDFKWRKLVRZQ
&DQRQ'PP)/
VHWDW)#WK
Canon 5D 50mm F1.2L
set at F2 @ 1/800th
PERSPECTIVE

/RZFDPHUDDQJOH&DQRQ')/VHWDWPP)#WK
T of C

n us
Bo

GALLERY
some of my favourites

All images, text, charts and diagrams are the copyright of Wayne Radford © 2010. All rights reserved.
No content of this book can be copied by any means, mechanical or electronic without permission of the author.
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
$OOLPDJHVWH[WFKDUWVDQGGLDJUDPVDUHWKHFRS\ULJKWRI:D\QH5DGIRUG‹$OOULJKWVUHVHUYHG
1RFRQWHQWRIWKLVERRNFDQEHFRSLHGE\DQ\PHDQVPHFKDQLFDORUHOHFWURQLFZLWKRXWSHUPLVVLRQRIWKHDXWKRU
T of C

)$&,$/$1$/<6,6*8,'(
68%-(&7$1*/(/,*+7,1*&2175$67

URXQGIDFH IDFH short KLJKHUUDWLR

GRXEOHFKLQ IDFH short KLJKHUUDWLR

WKLQIDFH IXOOIDFH broad lower ratio

skin blemishes IXOOIDFH broad lower ratio


VRIW

bent nose IDFH short KLJKHUUDWLR

FURRNHGVPLOH IDFH short normal ratio

VPDOOOD]\H\H IDFH short normal ratio

 FURRNHGVPLOHSODFHWKHFURRNHGVLGHRQWKHIDUVLGHIURPFDPHUD
 VPDOORUOD]\H\HSODFHWKHVPDOOHVWRUWXUQHGH\HRQWKHIDUVLGHIURPFDPHUD

This is a complex subject and this chart only serves as a guide. The best way to learn
is to use the guide as a starting point and practise, then study your results.
32575$,7/,*+7,1*5$7,26
7KHUDWLRLVWKHGLIIHUHQFHLQEULJKWQHVVEHWZHHQWKHPDLQOLJKWDQGWKH¿OOOLJKWRUZLWKQDWXUDOOLJKWLW
LVWKHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKHGLIIXVHGKLJKOLJKWYDOXHDQGWKHVKDGRZYDOXH$QH[SRVXUHIDFWRU
EHLQJHTXDOWRRQHVWRS(DFKVWRSGRXEOHVWKHOLJKWYDOXHDQGUDWLR6HHH[DPSOHFKDUWEHORZ

RATIO STOPS DIFFERENCE DESCRIPTION

QRGLIIHUHQFHÀDWOLJKWLQJ

VWRSJHQHUDOFRORXUKLJKNH\

VWRSV UGV FRORXUEODFN ZKLWH

VWRSVGUDPDWLFORZNH\OLJKWLQJ

VWRSVYHU\GUDPDWLFORZNH\OLJKWLQJ

(;$03/(2)/,*+79$/8(5$7,26

5$7,2

)67236))))))))))

1,/6723672366723667236
T of C

CONCLUSION
$JDLQWKDQN\RXIRUSXUFKDVLQJPortrait Tips and Techniques. This eBook is only a small part of the
MRXUQH\WRZDUGVEHLQJWKHSKRWRJUDSKHU\RXZDQWWREH0\DGYLFHLVWRDFTXLUHDVPXFKLQIRUPDWLRQ
DV\RXFDQIURPWKHPDQ\SKRWRJUDSKHUVZKRLQVSLUH\RX%XLOGDUHVRXUFHRINQRZOHGJHWKDW\RXFDQ
JREDFNWRRYHUDQGRYHUDJDLQ6RPHWLPHV,UHYLVLWP\QRWHVIURPVHPLQDUVDQGZRUNVKRSVIURP\HDUV
EDFNORRNLQJIRUVRPHWKLQJWKDW,ZDVQ¶WUHDG\IRUDWWKDWWLPHEXWQRZ,¶PUHDG\WROHDUQPRUHDERXW
LWWRGD\

:LWKWRGD\¶VWHFKQRORJ\,UHFRPPHQGEXLOGLQJDOLEUDU\RIH%RRNV'9'¶6DQGLQWHUQHWERRNPDUNVDV
\RXUSHUVRQDOHGXFDWLRQDOUHIHUHQFHV&ROOHFWDQGVWRUHWKHPHYHQLI\RX¶UHQRWWRWDOO\UHDG\,FDQDV
VXUH\RXWKDW\RXZLOOUHYLVLWWKHPZKHQ\RXDUHUHDG\

,FDOOWKLVWKH³WXQQHORINQRZOHGJH´,W¶VQHYHUHQGLQJMXVWDPDWWHURIZRUNLQJ\RXUZD\WKURXJKVHOHFW
LQJDQGZRUNLQJRQWKHLQIRUPDWLRQWKDWLQVSLUHVDQGPRWLYDWHV\RX(YHQWXDOO\\RXZLOOJREDFNDQG
OHDUQWKHSDUWV\RXZHUHQ¶WUHDG\IRU

$OZD\VHGLWDQGFULWLTXH\RXURZQZRUN$OVRDVNDFROOHDJXHWRJLYH\RXDFULWLTXH(YHQEHWWHUMRLQD
SURIHVVLRQDORUJDQLVDWLRQRUFDPHUDFOXEDQGOHDUQIURPRWKHUVDQGYDOXHWKHLURSLQLRQV

7KHVHDUHJUHDWWLPHVWREHDSKRWRJUDSKHU$FFHVVWRWHFKQRORJ\DGYDQFHPHQWVKDVPDGHHQWU\LQWR
WKLVLQGXVWU\HDVLHUWKDQHYHUEXWQRPDWWHUZKDWFDPHUDVDQGKRZPDQ\OHQVHV\RXRZQLW¶VNQRZO
HGJHWKDWJLYHVWKHSKRWRJUDSKHUWKHFUHDWLYHH\H0LQLPXPHTXLSPHQWDQGPD[LPXPNQRZOHGJH

,QFORVLQJ,KRSH\RXWDNHWKHLQIRUPDWLRQLQWKLVERRNDQGHQMR\WKHMRXUQH\RI¿QHWXQLQJ\RXUSRUWUDL
WXUH

%HFRPHWKHSKRWRJUDSKHURI\RXUGUHDPV

*RRGOXFNDQGEHVWZLVKHVIRUVXFFHVV
Wayne Radford

You might also like