1

𝐹𝐹
𝑚𝑚
=a

m – mass in kg
𝑚𝑚
a -acceleration in sec²
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘−𝑚𝑚
F – force in Newton –
sec²

𝐹𝐹
𝑚𝑚
=a

𝑣𝑣f = ʃ adt = at + c but c= 𝑣𝑣i

𝑣𝑣 f = 𝑣𝑣ᵢ + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎

dx = ʃ 𝑣𝑣dt
dx = ʃ (𝑣𝑣ᵢ + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎)dt
1
dx = 𝑣𝑣i t + 2 at2

If particle moves in a line such that its displacement x(meter) at any time t(seconds) is given
by x = t2 solve for displacement, velocity and acceleration at time t is 2.5 sec.
x = t2
t x
x = 6.25 m
𝑣𝑣ave =
x₂−x₁
= Δ𝑡𝑡
Δ𝑥𝑥 0 0
𝑡𝑡₂−𝑡𝑡₁
Δ𝑥𝑥
𝑣𝑣t = lim Δ𝑡𝑡 = d𝑡𝑡
d𝑥𝑥 1 1
𝑡𝑡→0

dx 2 4
𝑣𝑣 =
dt
d(𝑡𝑡 2 ) 3 9
𝑣𝑣 = dt
= 2t
m
𝑣𝑣 = 5 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

dv
a = dt

d(2𝑡𝑡) 𝑚𝑚
a= dt
= 2sec²

What are the displacement, velocity and acceleration of a particle moves in a line x = t3+6t+5
such that its displacement is in meter at any time t = 3sec.

if t = 3sec.

x = t3+6t+5
x = 33+6(3)+5 = 50m

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑(t³+6t+5) m
𝑣𝑣 = = = 3t2+6 = 3(3)2+6 = 33sec
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑(3t²+6 ) m
a= = = 6t = 18sec²
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
 2

An object travels in x = t2+3 such that x be in meter and at any time t be 2 seconds, calculate
displacement, velocity and acceleration.

t = 2 sec.

x = 22+3 = 7m

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑(t²+3) m
𝑣𝑣 = = = 2t = 4 sec
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑(2t ) m
a= = = 2 sec²
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

5. A taxi running at 30m/sec. slowed down uniformly until stopped in 44 sec. when a
passenger signaled to it. Find the acceleration and the stopping distance.
Solution:
𝛥𝛥𝛥𝛥 𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 − 𝑣𝑣𝑖𝑖
a= =
𝑡𝑡 𝑡𝑡

a is negative because it decelerated

𝑣𝑣 f = 0, because it stopped

Thus,
30m
𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 − 𝑣𝑣𝑖𝑖 0− m
a= = 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
= -0.68 sec2
𝑡𝑡 44𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
1 1 m
dx = 𝑣𝑣i t + 2 at2 = 30m/sec(44sec) + 2 (-0.68 )(44sec.)2
sec2

dx = 662 m
6. Starting from rest, a powerful biker can achieve an acceleration of 2 m/sec2 over a
distance of 500m. a) Calculate the speed of the biker in kilometer/hour at the end of 500m.
b) Express your calculated speed in ft/sec.
Solution:
𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 ²−𝑣𝑣ᵢ²
a) dx =
2𝑎𝑎
m
𝑣𝑣f 2= 0 + 2(2 )500m
sec2

m²
𝑣𝑣f =�2,000 sec2

m km 3600sec km
𝑣𝑣f = 44.72 sec x 1000m x hr
= 160 hr

m ft ft
b) 44.72 sec x 3.28 m = 146.68 sec
 3

8. A body falls freely from rest. Find:

a) its acceleration
b) the distance it falls at 3 sec.
c) its speed after falling 70m
m
d) the time required to reach a speed of 25 sec
e) and the time it takes to fall 300 m
Solution:
m
a) Make downward vectors as positive so, a = 𝑔𝑔 = 9.81 sec²
b) at t = 3sec.
1
dy = 𝑣𝑣i t + 2 𝑔𝑔t2
1 m
dy = 0 + 2 9.81sec²)(3sec.)2

dy = 44 m
c) at dy = 70 m
𝑣𝑣f 2= 𝑣𝑣i 2+ 2𝑔𝑔d
m
𝑣𝑣f 2= 0 + 2(9.81 sec²)70m

𝑣𝑣f =√1,373.4
m
𝑣𝑣f = 37 sec
25𝑚𝑚
d) at 𝑣𝑣f =
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠

𝑣𝑣f = 𝑣𝑣i + 𝑔𝑔t

𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 −𝑣𝑣𝑖𝑖
t=
𝑔𝑔
25𝑚𝑚
−0
t= 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
9.81𝑚𝑚 = 2.55sec.
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠²

e) at dy = 300 m
1
dy = 𝑣𝑣i t + 2 𝑔𝑔t2
1
dy = 0 + 2 𝑔𝑔t2
2𝑑𝑑ᵧ
t =� 𝑔𝑔

2(300𝑚𝑚)
t =� 9.81𝑚𝑚 =7.82sec.
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠²
 4

Seatwork:
m
At what time t when ball is thrown vertically on air with an initial velocity of 122sec that
reaches the height of 102m from the ground.

Solution: Let,
t – time in sec.
dy – 102m
m
𝑣𝑣o – 122 sec

1
dy = 𝑣𝑣o t - 2
𝑔𝑔t 2

1
102 = 122t - 2
9.81t 2

4.905 t 2 – 122 t + 102 = 0 (Q.E.)

−𝑏𝑏±√𝑏𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
x= 2𝑎𝑎

t1 = 24 sec.
t2 = 0.8 sec.

Seatwork:
At what initial velocity when ball is thrown vertically on air with time t is 22 sec that reaches
the height of 112 m from the ground.

Solution: Let,
t – 22 sec.
dy – 112m
𝑣𝑣o – initial velocity in m/sec.

1
dy = 𝑣𝑣o t - 2
𝑔𝑔 t 2

1
112 = 𝑣𝑣o (22) - 2 9.81 (22) 2

m
𝑣𝑣o = 113 sec
 5

mi m
What is the final velocity in hr
of the car upon reaching 3 sec2 acceleration at 400 m away
from start?

Solution:
𝑣𝑣𝑓𝑓 ²−𝑣𝑣ᵢ²
dx =
2𝑎𝑎
m
𝑣𝑣f 2= 0 + 2(3 )400m
sec2

m²
𝑣𝑣f =�2,400 sec2

m mi 3600sec mi
𝑣𝑣f = 49 sec x 1609.34m x hr
= 109.59 hr

Find the average velocity, final velocity and acceleration of a particle with an initial velocity
m
of 9 sec moves along a straight line and travels 1008 m in 48 sec. interval.

Solution:
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 1008 m m
𝑣𝑣 ₐᵥₑ = = = 21
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒𝑒 48 sec sec

1
dx = 𝑣𝑣i t + 2 at2
m 1
1008m = 9 (48sec) + 2 a(48sec.)2
sec
m
a = 0.5
sec2

𝑣𝑣 f = 𝑣𝑣 i + at
m m m
𝑣𝑣 f = 9 + 0.5 (48sec) = 33
sec sec2 sec
Name: Mid-term Quiz
Physics for Engineers Answer key

I. Multiple choice: Encircle the corresponding letter of your selected correct answer.
1. Is a statement formulated after the hypothesis has been tested.
a. formulating a theory b. formulating a hypothesis c. testing the hypothesis d. gathering data
2. Is an educated guess of the solution to the problem based on the gathered data or fact.
a. formulating a theory b. formulating a hypothesis c. testing the hypothesis d. gathering data
3. How many nanoseconds are in 20 milliseconds?
a. 2 x 105 ns b. 2 x 106 ns c. 2 x 107 ns d. 2 x 108 ns
4. How many 60x60cm tile needed to cover 5x5m floor area?
a. 72 pcs. b. 69 pcs. c. 64 pcs. d. 27 pcs.
5. At what length is the opposite side of a 37° angle if the two adjacent sides are 48 and 65 units
a. 40.3 units b. 39.3 units c. 38.3 units d. 41.3 units
𝑔𝑔
6. What is the volume of a granite in 𝑚𝑚 with density of 2.65 cm3 and having a mass of 50 kg.
3

a. 0.021m3 b. 0.022m3 c. 0.019m3 d. 0.020m3

7. Change of velocity per unit time.
a. displacement b. acceleration c. free vector d. speed
8. Is one whose action is not confined to or associated with a unique line in space.
a. displacement b. acceleration c. free vector d. speed
9. Displacement of particle moves along x = t 3+6t+5 at time t is 2 seconds while x is in meter.

a. 8m b. 18m c. 25m d. 12 m
10.Velocity of particle moves along x = t +6t+5 at time t is 2 seconds while x is in meter.
3
m m m m
a. 8sec b. 18sec c. 25sec d.12sec
11.Acceleration of particle moves along x = t3+6t+5 at time t is 2 seconds while x is in meter.
m m m m
a. 8sec² b. 18sec² c. 25sec² d. 12sec²
12.Velocity which has initial velocity of 30 m/s and acceleration of 3 m/sec2 after 15 sec.
a. 57 m/s b. 75 m/s c. 7.5 m/s d. 5.7 m/s
13.Distance that initially at rest having an acceleration of 9 m/sec 2 after 12 sec.

a. 486 m b. 846 m c. 648 m d. 684 m

14.If point has P(-6,8) coordinates then resultant displacement is
a. 10∠143.13° b. 10∠126.87° c. 10∠53.13° d.10∠36.87°
15.Time it takes a body to fall at 200m
a. 3.96sec b. 9.63sec c. 6.93sec d. 6.39sec

II. Worded Problem:

1. Find the resultant vector of 2. Man throws the ball straight upward and
vectors A and B shown in Fig. after 1 second it reaches its maximum height
then it does free fall motion which takes 2
seconds. Calculate the initial velocity,
maximum height and velocity of the ball
before it crashes the ground. (𝑔𝑔=10m/s²)
Solution:

Component Method
���⃗𝑥𝑥 and ���⃗
Calculate first the 𝑣𝑣 𝑣𝑣𝑦𝑦 components. 𝑣𝑣1 = ?
t1= 1sec
∑ ���⃗
𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥 ���⃗
𝑣𝑣𝑦𝑦 h
A -17 sin 70 ° -17 cos 70 °
B 44 cos 50 ° -44 sin 50 ° t2= 2sec
Total 12.31 m/sec 39.52 m/sec 𝑣𝑣2 = ?
𝑣𝑣⃗ = ���⃗
𝑣𝑣𝑥𝑥 + ���⃗
𝑣𝑣𝑦𝑦
The vector resultant is therefore be known by
the Pythagorean theorem

𝑐𝑐 = �𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑏𝑏 2

𝑣𝑣 = �(12.31 m/sec)2 + (39.52 m/sec)2

 𝑣𝑣 f = 𝑣𝑣ᵢ + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝑣𝑣 = 41.39 m/sec 𝑣𝑣 f = 0 (at the instant of the ball’s
maximum height, its velocity is zero)
And its direction is given by the angle ϕ
where; 𝑣𝑣1 = -𝑔𝑔t1
m m
𝑣𝑣1 = -10 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠² (1sec) = -10 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
��⃗𝑦𝑦
𝑣𝑣 39.52
tan ɵx = = 12.31 ɵx = 72.70° because we take upward direction at a
��⃗𝑥𝑥
𝑣𝑣 m
velocity 𝑣𝑣1= -10 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
The resultant vector 𝑣𝑣 = 41.39 m/sec
downward to the right at ɵx = 72.70° 𝑣𝑣 f = 𝑣𝑣ᵢ + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
𝑣𝑣 i = 0 (At the top the velocity is zero and
ball does a free fall)
3. How many nanoseconds are in 20 𝑣𝑣2 = 𝑔𝑔t2
milliseconds?
m m
20 ms x
s
x
1 x 10⁹ ns
= 20 x 106 ns 𝑣𝑣2 = 10 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠² (2sec) = 20 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
1 x 10³ 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 s

= 2 x 10 7 ns 1
h = 2 𝑔𝑔t2
1 m
h = 2 10𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠² (2sec)2
4. How many 60x60cm tile needed to cover
5x5m floor area? h = 20m
𝟓𝟓 m
s= 1m = 8.33pcs. 10. Velocity of particle moves along x =
60𝑐𝑐 𝑚𝑚 𝑥𝑥
100𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
t3+6t+5 at time t is 2 seconds while x is in
number of tiles in pcs. = 8x8+8=72 pcs
meter.
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑(t³+6t+5) m
5. At what length is the opposite side of a 𝑣𝑣 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
= 3t2+6 = 3(2)2+6 = 18sec
37° angle if the two adjacent sides are 48 11. Acceleration of particle moves along x =
and 65 units t3+6t+5 at time t is 2 seconds while x is in
meter.
c2 = a2+b2-2abcos ɵ 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑(3t²+6 ) m
a = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = = 6t = 12sec²
c = �482 + 652 − 2(48)(65)cos37°
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
12. Velocity which has initial velocity of 30
m/s and acceleration of 3 m/s2 after 15 sec.
c = 39.3 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
𝑣𝑣 = 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 + at
6. What is the volume of a granite in 𝑚𝑚3 𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚
𝑔𝑔 𝑣𝑣 = 30 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 + 3 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 2 (15sec)
with density of 2.65 cm3 and having a mass
of 50 kg? 𝑚𝑚
𝑣𝑣 = 75 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠
𝑚𝑚
d= 𝑣𝑣
13. Distance that initially at rest having an
v=
𝑚𝑚 acceleration of 9 m/s2 after 12 sec.
𝑑𝑑 1
dx = 𝑣𝑣𝑜𝑜 t + 2
at2
50 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘
v= 𝑔𝑔 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 1
2.65 𝑥𝑥
cm3 1000𝑔𝑔
dx = 0 + 2
(9 m/s2)(12s)2

𝑣𝑣 = 22,641.51 cm³ x (100𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐)3 = 0.019m3

𝑚𝑚 dx = 648m
15. Time it takes a body to fall at 200m
9. Displacement of particle moves along x = dy = 200 m
t3+6t+5 at time t is 2 seconds while x is in 1
meter. dy = 𝑣𝑣i t + 2 𝑔𝑔t2
x = t3+6t+5 2𝑑𝑑ᵧ
t =� 𝑔𝑔
x = 23+6(2)+5 = 25m
2(200𝑚𝑚)
t =� 9.81𝑚𝑚 =6.39sec.
𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠²