Chap 5 - Multimodal Transportation New
Chap 5 - Multimodal Transportation New
Chap 5 - Multimodal Transportation New
Multimodal transportation
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Origin
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MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT
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INTERMODAL TRANSPORT
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COMBINED TRANSPORT
❑ Is intermodal transport
❑ With the trips beginning and ending by road
❑ Includes the following techniques
✓ Piggyback systems (road and rail)
✓ Birdyback systems (air and rail/road)
✓ Fishyback systems (road and sea transport)
✓ Roll-on Roll-off systems (road and waterway)
✓ Land - bridge systems (ocean container is shipped by vessel from
one country to another and is then carried across a total body of
land, a country, or an entire continent)
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Rolling road
❖ The rolling road usually describes carriage of whole trucks –
including both tractor and trailer – on low floor trains.
❖ In this regard, the second alternative that contributes to
additional cost savings is forwarding of trailers without the
tractor as it reduces transport weight and labor costs.
However, this option requires a second tractor at the place
of arrival.
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MTO LIABILITY
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MTO LIABILITY
MTO LIABILITY
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TYPES OF LIABILITIES
TYPES OF LIABILITIES
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TYPES OF LIABILITIES
❖ UN convention ❖ UNCTAD:
666,67 SDR/ package,
❖ Water transport:
or
920 SDR/ package
2 SDR/kg
2,75 SDR/kg
Or:
13.750 MU/package or
41,25 MU/kg (1MU=65,5 mg
gold 900/1000)
❖ Without waterway:
8,33 SDR/kg
TYPES OF LIABILITIES
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Period of responsibility
Delay in delivery
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Time-bar
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TYPES OF LIABILITIES
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• Sea/Air
• Air/road (truck)
• Rail/road/inland waterways/sea/rail/road inland
waterways
• Mini-bridge
• Land bridge
• Piggyback
• Sea/Train
• Rail-sea-land
• Inland waterway/sea/inland waterway
• RO-RO
• Sea-rail
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SEA / AIR
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SEA / TRAIN
⮚ First adopted in the United States
⮚ This innovative combination rail and sea transport
uses a rail car (instead of a ro-ro vehicle) that is
transported by sea to the destination country,
where it is again connected to the railway to
complete delivery to the consignee
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MINI-BRIDGE
⮚ Containers are moved on a vessel from a port in one country
to a port in the destination country. The containers are then
moved by rail to a second port in the destination country,
ending at the rail carrier’s terminal
⮚ This system of transport frequently operates on certain
routes covering trade between the United States and the
Far East the United States and Europe, and the United
States and Australia
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LAND BRIDGE
⮚ Containers are shipped overland as part of a sea-
land route in the land bridge system of transport
⮚ Frequently used major international land bridge
routes are:
❖ the Trans-Siberian land bridge for trade between Europe
or the Middle East and the Far East with carriage through
the land mass of the Russian Federation and/or Mongolia
or Central Asia with Afghanistan as a final destination; And
❖ the continental USA for trade between Europe and the Far
East
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PIGGYBACK
RO-RO
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TYPES OF DOCUMENTS
❑ Bill of Lading
❑ Letters of Indemnity
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FFI or SI
⮚ An MTO - customer contract
⮚ Information is provided by customer
⮚ FFI contains specific information: conditions of
sale, insuring conditions, handling instruction,
documentary credit terms, country of origin, etc.
⮚ FIATA designed the form of FFI with the UN layout
key
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FIATA SDT
⮚ Providing details of hazardous goods,
classification, and mode of transport
⮚ FIATA SDT can be used for road in Europe
(ADR) or sea transport (IMDG code)
⮚ FIATA SDT is not accepted for international
rail transport based on RIG (CIM waybill) and
air IATA (DGD)
⮚ Can be used as complementary for the CIM
waybill
⮚ Only shipper can sign these documents.
Forwarder cannot even as a flavor to its
customer
This form meets the requirements of SOLAS 74, chapter VII, regulation 4; MARPOL 73/78, Annex III, regulation 4.
1 Shipper/Consignor/Sender 2 Transport document number (e.g.: Booking No. or B/L No.)
3 Page 1 of 1 pages 4 Shipper's reference
5 Freight forwarder's reference
6 Consignee 7 Carrier (to be completed by the carrier)
SHIPPER'S DECLARATION
1 hereby declare that the contents of this consignment are fully and accurately described below by the
information: Ems:
US DOT ERG NO.:
8 This shipment is within the limitation prescribed for:
10 Vessel / flight No. 11 Port / place of loading 24 hr contact phone/ person:
and data 1°: Others: ( any special attention for transport : prepare by shipper)
2'd:
12 Port / place of discharge 13 Destination
14 Description of goods
UN PROPER SHIPPING NAME (Technical name) IMO/CFR class Packing Number and kind of packages Gross Other description(Flash Point,
number Subsidiary risk Group mass(kgs)Net mass(kgs)/Cube(m3) Limit Quantity, Marine Pollutant,
15 Container identification No. / vehicle 16 Seal number ( s ) 17 Container! vehicle size & 18 Total cargo mass 19 Total gross mass
I hereby declare that the goods described above have been packed / loaded into the Received the above number of packages / containers / trailers in apparent good
container / vehicle identified above in accordance with the applicable provisions. 9 order and condition , unless stated hereon: RECIVING ORGANIZATION
no.
Name / status of declarant Signature and data Name / status of declarant
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(overleaf page)
Documentary Aspects of the International Transport of Dangerous Goods
Container/Vehicle Packing Certificate
The signature given overleaf in Box 20 must be that of the person controlling the container/vehicle operation.
It is certified that
1. The container/vehicle was clean, dry and apparently fit to receive the goods.
2. If the consignments include goods of class 1, other than division 1.4, the container is structurally serviceable.
3. No incompatible goods have been packed into the container/vehicle unless specially authorized by the Competent Authority
4. All packages have been externally inspected for damage and only sound packages packed.
5. Drums have been stowed in an upright position unless otherwise authorized by the Competent Authority.
6. All package have been properly packed and secured in the container/vehicle.
7. When materials are transported in bulk packagings, the cargo has been evenly distributed in the container/vehicle.
8. The packages and the container/vehicle have been properly marked, labelled and placarded. Any irrelevant mark, labels and
placards have been removed.
9. When solid carbon dioxide ( CO2 — dry ice) is used for cooling purposes, the vehicle or freight container is externally marked or
labelled in a conspicuous place, e.g. at the door end, with the words: DANGEROUS CO2 GAS ( DAY ICE) INSIDE —
VENTILATE THOROUGHLY BEFORE ENTERING.
10. When this Dangerous Goods Form is used as a container/vehicle packing certificate only, not a combined document, a
dangerous goods declaration signed by the shipper or supplier must have been issued/received to cover each dangerous goods
consignment packed in the container.
Note: The container packing certificate is not required for tanks.
⮚ FIATA FCR
⮚ FIATA FCT
⮚ FIATA MTB/L
⮚ FWR
⮚ OB/L, MAWB
⮚ HB/L, HAWB
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FIATA FCR
⮚ Forwarder Certificate of Receipt
⮚ FCR is introduced by FIATA and be used within FIATA
organization only. It’s only a receipt of goods by the MTO
⮚ It’s not a negotiable document. Only original is issued
⮚ Containing the general conditions of the issuing or region on
the reverse side
⮚ Freight forwarder, MTO is recommended to cover his liability by
insurance according to FIATA FCR requirement
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FIATA FCR
When issuing the FCR, the MTO should ensure that:
✔ The specified consignment has indeed been
received by him or his agent
✔ The goods are in apparent good order and condition
✔ The details in the FCR clearly agree with any
instructions he has been give by the shipper
✔ The conditions specified in the order documents,
especially the FBL, are not contrary to the
obligations he has assumed under the FCR
FIATA FCT
⮚ Forwarder Certificate of Transport
⮚ FCT shows the responsibility of the MTO to deliver the
goods to consignee as indicated at the specified
destination
⮚ FCT is largely replaced by FBL
⮚ Seller can obtain payment from his bank against the
FCT – cash against document
⮚ FCT is negotiable. Presenting of the original document
that is duly endorsed
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FIATA FCT
When issuing the FIATA FCT document the freight
forwarder should ensure that:
▪ He has taken over the goods specified therein and that
the right of disposal of these goods is vested solely in
him
▪ The goods appear to be in apparent good order and
condition
▪ The details on the document clearly correspond with
the instructions he has received
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FIATA FCT
When issuing the FIATA FCT document the freight
forwarder should ensure that:
▪ Conditions of freight document (B/L) are not contrary to the
obligations he has assumed according to the FIATA FCT
document
▪ Responsibility for the insurance of the goods has been agreed
▪ It is clearly specified whether one or more originals have been
issued
▪ It is recommended to dispatch the FIATA FCT documents by
registered post only
FIATA FWR
⮚ Forwarder Warehouse Receipt
⮚ MTO issues when providing warehousing services
⮚ Be used in the MTO’s warehousing operation.
Containing detailed provisions on the rights of the
holder-by-endorsement of the document, transfer of
ownership
⮚ FWR is not negotiable, unless it is marked
“negotiable”
⮚ Subject to national law and any other applicable
standard trading conditions that may be in force
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Exercises
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Example 1
One shipment needs to be transported from HCM to LAX:
- Cargo: Coffee
- Dim per carton: 342 mm x 242 mm x 212 mm
- Weight: 5.5 kg/package
Port of loading: HCM Ports
Port of discharge: Los Angeles
Questions:
Determine the type of container and the quantity needed
for packing.
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Example 1
Questions number 2:
Determine the carrier so that the cost and shipping
time of the above shipment is the lowest
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