Program: Write a program to print the type (category) uppercase,

lowercase, Numeric character, Special character by using conditional

operator only.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))?printf("Uppercase Character\n"):
((ch>='a')&&(ch<='z'))?printf("Lowercase Charcater\n"):
((ch>='0')&&(ch<='9'))?printf("Digit\n"):
printf("Special Character\n");
}

Program: Write a program to input integer data, test bit value of given
position. (Using Conditional Operator)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bitPosn;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Enter The Bit Posn : ");
scanf("%d",&bitPosn);
((data>>bitPosn)&1)?printf("Set Bit\n"):printf("Clear Bit\n");
}
Program: Write a program to input integer data, test bit value of given
position.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bitPosn;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
INPUT: printf("Enter The BitPosn (0 to %lu) : ",sizeof(int)*8-1);
scanf("%d",&bitPosn);

if((bitPosn<0)||(bitPosn>=sizeof(int)*8))
{
printf("Error : Invalid bit Supply\n");
goto INPUT;
}
printf("Bit : %d in data : %d is : %d\n",bitPosn,data,(data>>bitPosn)&1);
}
Program: Write a program to print the binary of given input data.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bitPosn;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Enter bit Equt. of : %d\n",data);
bitPosn=31;
TEST: printf("%d",(data>>bitPosn)&1);
if(bitPosn%8==0)
printf(" ");
bitPosn--;
if(bitPosn>=0)
goto TEST;
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print the type (category) uppercase,
lowercase, Numeric character, Special character by using library function.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
isupper(ch)?printf("Uppercase Character\n"):
islower(ch)?printf("Lowercase Charcater\n"):
isdigit(ch)?printf("Digit Character\n"):
printf("Special Character\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print the type (category) uppercase,
lowercase, Numeric character, Special character by using if statement.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);

if((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))
printf("Uppercase Character\n");
if((ch>='a')&&(ch<='z'))
printf("Lowercase Character\n");
if((ch>='0')&&(ch<='9'))
printf("Digit\n");

if(!(((ch>='a')&&(ch<='z'))||((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))||((ch>='0')&&(ch<='9'))))
printf("Special Character\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print the type (category) uppercase,
lowercase, Numeric character, Special character by using else if statement.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
if((ch>='a')&&(ch<='z'))
printf("Lowercase Character\n");
else if((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))
printf("Uppercase Character\n");
else if((ch>='0')&&(ch<='9'))
printf("Digit\n");
else
printf("Special Character\n");
}
Program: Write a program to scan 3 integers and find the relation between
them. Find which is higher, all three, two of them or only one using only
conditional operator.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int b;
int c;
printf("Enter The Integer a : ");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter The Integer b : ");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("Enter The Integer c : ");
scanf("%d",&c);

((a>b)&&(a>c))?printf("a is max\n"):
((b>a)&&(b>c))?printf("b is max\n"):
((c>a)&&(c>b))?printf("c is max\n"):
((a==b)&&(a>c))?printf("a and b max\n"):
((b==c)&&(b>c))?printf("b and c max\n"):
((c==a)&&(c>b))?printf("c and a max\n"):
printf("a, b, and c max\n");
}
Program: Write a program to convert lowercase to uppercase and vice
versa.
Method 1:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
if((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))
ch+=32;
else
ch-=32;
printf("Convetred Character is : %c\n",ch);
}
Method 2:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
if(isalpha)
{
ch^=32;
printf("Converted Case is : %c\n",ch);
}
else
{
printf("Error : Invalid Input\n");
}
}
Program: Write a program to scan 3 integers and find the complete
relation between them using conditional operator only.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int b;
int c;
printf("Enter The Integer a : ");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter The Integer b : ");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("Enter The Integer c : ");
scanf("%d",&c);

((a==b)&&(a>c))?printf("a=b both are high\n"):

((a==b)&&(a<c))?printf("a=b and c is high\n"):
((b==c)&&(b>a))?printf("b=c and both high\n"):
((b==c)&&(b<a))?printf("b=c and a high\n"):
((c==a)&&(c>b))?printf("c=a and c high\n"):
((c==a)&&(c<b))?printf("c=a and b is high\n"):
((a>b)&&(a>c))?printf("a is high\n"):
((b>c)&&(b>a))?printf("b is high\n"):
((c>a)&&(c>b))?printf("c is high\n"):
printf("a=b=c\n");
}
Program: Write a program to input integer data, test bit value of given
position.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
INPUT: printf("Enter The Bit Posn : ");
scanf("%d",&bit);

if((bit>=0)&&(bit<=31))
{
if((data>>bit)&1)
printf("Bit is Set\n");
else
printf("Bit is Clear\n");
}
else
{
printf("Invalid Bit: Enter Bit Again\n");
goto INPUT;
}
}
Program: Write a program to print the binary of an integer value entered.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
bit=31;
TEST: if((data>>bit)&1)
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
bit--;
if(bit>=0)
goto TEST;
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to calculate percentage scored by a student,
whose 5 subject marks are entered by user. Find the gradation. (Using
method – if, else if ladder, nested if)
Method 1: Using if Statement –
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a,b,c,d,e;
float p;
printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&a);
printf("Enter subject 2 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&b);
printf("Enter subject 3 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&c);
printf("Enter subject 4 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&d);
printf("Enter subject 5 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&e);

p=((a+b+c+d+e)/5);
printf("Scored Percentage : %f\n",p);
printf("Earned Grage : ");

if((p>=0)&&(p<=40))
printf("Fail\n");
if((p>=40)&&(p<=50))
printf("Third Class\n");
 if((p>=50)&&(p<=60))
printf("Second Class\n");
if((p>=60)&&(p<=75))
printf("First Class\n");
if((p>=75)&&(p<=100))
printf("Destionction\n");
}
Using else if statement –
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a,b,c,d,e;
float p;
printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&a);
printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&b);
printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&c);
printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&d);
printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&e);
p=((a+b+c+d+e)/5);
printf("Scored Percentage : %f\n",p);
printf("Earned Grade : ");

if((p>=0)&&(p<=40))
printf("Fail\n");
else if((p>=40)&&(p<=50))
printf("Third Class\n");
else if((p>=50)&&(p<=60))
printf("Second Class\n");
else if((p>=60)&&(p<=75))
 printf("First Class\n");
else
printf("Distinction\n");
}
Nested if else –
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a,b,c,d,e,f;
float p;

printf("Enter subject 1 marks : ");

scanf("%f",&a);
printf("Enter subject 2 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&b);
printf("Enter subject 3 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&c);
printf("Enter subject 4 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&d);
printf("Enter subject 5 marks : ");
scanf("%f",&e);

p=((a+b+c+d+e)/5);
printf("Scored Percentage is : %f\n",p);
printf("Earned Grade : ");
 if(p>40)
{
if(p>50)
{
if(p>60)
{
if(p>75)
printf("Destinction\n");
else
printf("1st Class\n");
}
else
printf("2nd Class\n");
}
else
printf("3rd class\n");
}
else
printf("Fail\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print all the character and their respective
ASCII equivalent (Without using loop statement)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data=0;
printf("character\tASCII\n");
LOOP: printf("%c\t%d\n",data,data);
data++;
if(data<128)
goto LOOP;
}

Program: Write a program to set particular bit in given data.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Enter The Bit : ");
scanf("%d",&bit);
data=data|(1<<bit);
printf("Result after Set The Bit : %d\n",data);
}
Program: Write a program to print character, its ASCII value and its
binary value. (Without using looping statement)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data=0;
int bit;
printf("Character\tASCII\tBinary\n");
LOOP: printf("%c\t%d\t",data,data);
bit=7;
BIN: if((data>>bit)&1)
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
bit--;
if(bit>=0)
goto BIN;
printf("\n");
data++;
if(data<128)
goto LOOP;
}
Program: Write a program to print character, its ASCII value and its
binary value.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
printf("Symbol\tASCII\tBinary\n");
data=0;
while(data<=127)
{
printf("%c\t%d\t",data,data);
bit=7;
while(bit>=0)
{
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
bit--;
}
printf("\n");
data++;
}
}
Program: Write a program to clear a particular bit in given data.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Enter The Bit : ");
scanf("%d",&bit);
data=data&~(1<<bit);
printf("Resulf after Bit Claer : %d\n",data);
}

Program: Write a program to complement a particular bit in given data.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Enter The bit : ");
scanf("%d",&bit);
data=data^(1<<bit);
printf("Result after complement : %d\n",data);
}
Program: Pattern Printing
1)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int b;
for(a=1;a<=5;a++,printf("\n"))
for(b=1;b<=a;b++)
printf("* ");
}

*
**
***
****
*****
2)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int b;
for(a=1;a<=5;a++,printf("\n"))
{
for(b=1;b<=5-a;b++)
printf(" ");
for(b=1;b<=a;b++)
printf("* ");
}
}

*
**
***
****
*****
3)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}

*****
****
***
**
*
4)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}

*****
****
***
**
*
5)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,flag=1;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
{

if(i%2==0)
flag=0;
else
flag=1;
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
printf("%d ",flag);
flag=!flag;
}
}
}

1
01
101
0101
10101
6)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,flag=65;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
{
for(j=5,flag=65;j>=i;j--)
{
printf("%c ",flag);
flag++;
}
}
}

A B C D E
A B C D
A B C
A B
A
7)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=1;j--)
(j>i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<=i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}

*
**
***
****
*****
****
***
**
*
8)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,k;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=1;j--)
(j>i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<=i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}

*
**
***
****
*****
****
***
**
*
9)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>i;j--)
printf("* ");
}

*
**
***
****
*****
****
***
**
*
10)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=1;j--)
(j>i+1)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}
*****
****
***
**
*
**
***
****
*****
11)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=1;j--)
(j>i+1)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}

*****
****
***
**
*
**
***
****
*****
12)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=i;j--)
printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=i+1;j++)
printf("* ");
}

*****
****
***
**
*
**
***
****
*****
13)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,c,n,f=1;
char ch=65;
printf("Enter The Number N : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(a=1;a<=n;a++,printf("\n"))
{
f=1;
for(b=1;b<=n;b++)
{
if(b<=(n-a))
printf(" ");
else if(f==1)
{
printf("%c",ch);
f=0;
}
else if(b==n)
{
printf("*%c",ch);
}
else
{
printf("**");
 }
}
ch++;
}
}
Output:
Enter The Number N : 5
A
B*B
C***C
D*****D
E*******E
14)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,B,n;
int f;
char ch;
printf("Enter The N : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(a=0;a<n;a++,printf("\n"))
{
f=1;
ch=65;
for(b=-(n-1);b<n;b++)
{
if(b<0)
B=-b;
else
B=b;
if(B<=a)
{
if(f==1)
{
printf("%c",ch++);
f=0;
}
 else
{
printf("*");
f=1;
}
}
else
{
printf(" ");
}
}
}
}

Output:
Enter The N : 5
A
A*B
A*B*C
A*B*C*D
A*B*C*D*E
15)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,n;
printf("Enter The N : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(a=n;a>0;a--,printf("\n"))
for(b=1;b<=a;b++)
{
if(a%2==0)
printf("*");
else
printf("%d",a);
}
}

Output:
Enter The N : 5
55555
****
333
**
1
Program: Write a program to reverse bits of a given integer number.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
int i,j;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
printf("\n");
for(i=31,j=0;i>j;i--,j++)
{
if(((data>>i)&1) != ((data>>j)&1))
{
data=data^(1<<i);
data=data^(1<<j);
}
}
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
printf("\n");

}
Program: Write a program to count the digits of an integer number.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int count=0;

printf("Enter The data : ");

scanf("%d",&data);
if(data==0)
printf("Count : 1\n");
for(int i=data;i;i=i/10)
count++;
printf("Count : %d\n",count);
}
Program: Write a program to calculate sum of digit in a given integer.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int sum=0;

printf("Enter The data : ");

scanf("%d",&data);
for(int i=data;i;i=i/10)
sum+=i%10;
printf("Sum is : %d\n",sum);
}

Program: Write a program to reverse digits of given integers.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int sum=0;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(int i=data;i;i=i/10)
sum=sum*10+i%10;
printf("Reverse Number is : %d\n",sum);
}
Program: Write a program to find the factorial of given integer.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int fact=1;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(int i=data;i;i--)
fact*=i;
printf("Factorial is : %d\n",fact);
}

Program: Write a program to print Fibonacci series up to given max value.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int max;
int a=0,b=1;
int c;
printf("Enter The Max Number : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
printf("0, 1, ");
for(c=a+b;(c=a+b)<=max;a=b,b=c)
printf("%d, ",c);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to input two integer x and y, calculate x^y.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x;
int y;
int result=1;
printf("Enter The X value : ");
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("Enter The Y Value : ");
scanf("%d",&y);
for(int i=y;i;i--)
result=result*x;
printf("%d^%d is %d\n",x,y,result);
}
Program: Write a program check if x is power of y or not.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x,y;
int flag;
int count=0,temp;
printf("Enter value for x : ");
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("Enter value for y : ");
scanf("%d",&y);

if(y==x)
{
flag=1;
goto END;
}
for(temp=x;temp>1;temp=temp/y)
{
if(temp%y==0)
{
count++;
continue;
}
else
{
flag=1;
 break;
}
}
END: if(flag==1)
{
if(x==y)
printf("%d is 1 power of %d\n",x,y);
else
printf("%d is not power of %d\n",x,y);
}
else
printf("%d is %d power of %d\n",x,count,y);
}
Program: Write a program to check inter number is prime or not.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int i;
int s;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
s=sqrt(data);
for(i=2;i<=s;i++)
{
if((data%i)==0)
break;
}
if(i==s+1)
printf("Entered Number is Prime Number\n");
else
printf("Entered Number is Not Prime Number\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print the prime number in given range.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
int min,max;
int num;
int i,s;
printf("Enter The Min Number : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Number : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(num=min;num<=max;num++)
{
s=sqrt(num);
for(i=2;i<=s;i++)
{
if((num%i)==0)
break;
}
if(i==s+1)
printf("%d, ",num);
}
printf("\n");
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int testPrime(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(testPrime(data))
printf("%d is Prime\n",data);
else
printf("%d is not-Prime\n",data);
}
int testPrime(int data)
{
int i,s;
s=sqrt(data);
for(i=2;i<=s;i++)
{
if(data%i==0)
break;
}
if(i==(s+1))
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to print multiplication table in given range.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int min,max;
int temp,i,j;
int sum=0;

printf("Enter The Min Number : ");

scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Number : ");
scanf("%d",&max);

for(temp=max*10;temp;temp=temp/10)
sum++;

for(i=min;i<=max;i++)
{
printf("%*d : ",sum-1,i);
for(j=1;j<=10;j++)
printf("%*d",sum,i*j);
printf("\n");
}
}
Program: Write a program to check enter number is prime or not.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int testPrime(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(testPrime(data))
printf("Entered Number is Prime\n");
else
printf("Enter Number is Not Prime\n");
}
int testPrime(int data)
{
int squre;
int i;
squre=sqrt(data);
for(i=2;i<=squre;i++)
{
if(data%i==0)
break;
}
if(i==(squre+1))
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to check weather enter number is palindrome
or not.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(testRev(data)==data)
printf("Palindrome\n");
else
printf("Not Palindrome\n");
}
int testRev(int data)
{
int rev=0;
while(data)
{
rev=rev*10+data%10;
data/=10;
}
return rev;
}
Program: Write a program list the numbers between min and max, where
sum of digits is 9.
#include<stdio.h>
int sumDigits(int);
int main()
{
int min,max;
int data;
printf("Enter The Min Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
if(sumDigits(data)==9)
printf("%d, ",data);
printf("\n");
}
int sumDigits(int data)
{
int sum=0;
while(data)
{
sum=sum+data%10;
data/=10;
}
return sum;
}
Program: Write a program to make arrangement to list the numbers the
sum of digits, reduce to single digit is 9.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int min,max;
int data;
int sum=0;
int temp;
printf("Enter The Min Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Mix Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
{
temp=data;
while(temp)
{
sum=sum+temp%10;
temp/=10;
}
if(sum>9)
{
temp=sum;
sum=0;
while(temp)
{
sum=sum+temp%10;
 temp/=10;
}
}
if(sum==9)
printf("%d, ",data);
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to make arrangement to list the numbers if
digits are in sorted order in ascending order.
#include<stdio.h>
int testDigits(int);
int testAsc(int);
int main()
{
int min,max;
int data;
printf("Enter The Min Value : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Value : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
if(testDigits(data)==9)
if(testAsc(data))
printf("%d, ",data);
}
int testDigits(int data)
{
int sum=0;
while(data)
{
sum=sum+data%10;
data/=10;
}
return sum;
}
int testAsc(int data)
{
int curDig;
int preDig=9;
while(data)
{
curDig=data%10;
if(curDig>preDig)
return 0;
preDig=curDig;
data/=10;
}
if(data==0)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to print the N numbers starting from S.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int testPrime(int);
int main()
{
int num,strt,data;
int cnt=0;
printf("Enter Numbers of prime Number you want : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
printf("Enter Starting Number : ");
scanf("%d",&strt);

for(data=strt;cnt<num;data++)
{
if(testPrime(data))
{
printf("%d, ",data);
cnt++;
}
}
printf("\n");
}
int testPrime(int data)
{
int s,i;
s=sqrt(data);
for(i=2;i<=s;i++)
{
if(data%i==0)
break;
}
if(i==(s+1))
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to find the factorial of a number by recursive
method.
#include<stdio.h>
int fact(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Factorial Of %d is %d\n",data,fact(data));
}
int fact(int data)
{
if(data==0)
return(1);
else
return(data*fact(data-1));
}
Program: Write a program to generate Fibonacci series using recursion.
#include<stdio.h>
int fib(int);
int main()
{
int data,i;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(i=0;i<data;i++)
printf("%d, ",fib(i));
printf("\n");
}

int fib(int data)

{
if(data==0 || data==1)
return(1);
else
return(fib(data-1)+fib(data-2));
}
Program: Write a program to find the sum of the digits of any number.
#include<stdio.h>
int sumofDigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Sum of Digit of %d is %d\n",data,sumofDigits(data));
}
int sumofDigits(int data)
{
int sum=0;
int rem;
while(data>0)
{
rem=data%10;
sum=sum+rem;
data/=10;
}
return sum;
}
Program: Write a program that return the sum of square of all odd
numbers from 1 to 25.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num;
int s=0;
for(num=1;num<=25;num++)
{
if(num%2!=0)
s+=num*num;
}
printf("%d,",s);
}
Program: Write a program to find out the factorial of a number.
#include<stdio.h>
int factData(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data<0)
printf("No Factorial For Negative Number\n");
else
printf("Factorial Of %d is %d\n",data,factData(data));
}

int factData(int data)

{
int i,fact=1;
if(data==0)
return 1;
for(i=data;i>1;i--)
fact=fact*i;
return fact;
}
Program: Write a program to find weather a number is even or odd.
#include<stdio.h>
int findOddEven(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
findOddEven(data);
}

int findOddEven(int data)

{
if(data%2==0)
printf("%d is Even\n",data);
else
printf("%d is Odd\n",data);
}
Program: Write a program to find the sum and average of 10 positive
integers.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=1,n,sum=0;
float avg;
printf("Enter The 10 Positive Number\n");
while(i<=10)
{
printf("Enter The Number %d : ",i);
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<0)
{
printf("Enter Only Positive Number \n");
continue;
}
sum=sum+n;
i++;
}
avg=sum/10.0;
printf("Sum : %d\nAvg : %f\n",sum,avg);
}
Program: Write a program to find the sum of digits of number until the
sum is reduce to 1 digit.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num,dig,sum=0;
printf("Enter The Number : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
do
{
for(sum=0;num!=0;num/=10)
{
dig=num%10;
sum=sum+dig;
}
printf("%d\t",sum);
num=sum;
}while(num/10!=0);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print the number from 1 to 10 using while
loop.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=1;
while(i<=10)
{
printf("%d\t",i);
i=i+1;
}
printf("\n");
}

Program: Write a program to check weather a year is leap or not.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int year;
printf("Enter The Year : ");
scanf("%d",&year);
if(year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0)
printf("Lear Year\n");
else
printf("Not Leap Year\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print the sum of digits using recursive
method.
#include<stdio.h>
int sumDigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Sum of Digit in %d is %d\n",data,sumDigits(data));
}

int sumDigits(int data)

{
if(data/10==0)
return data;
return (data%10+sumDigits(data/10));
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the number using recursive function.
#include<stdio.h>
int revDigits(int,int);
int digData(int);
int pwr(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Reverse Data : %d\n",revDigits(data,digData(data)));
}

int revDigits(int data,int n)

{
if(data)
return (pwr(n)*(data%10)+revDigits(data/10,--n));
}
int pwr(int n)
{
if(n>1)
return (10*pwr(--n));
}
Program: Write a program to find the highest data in 5 integers.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[5];
int i;
int max,size;
size=sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
{
printf("Enter The Data %d : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
max=arr[0];
for(i=1;i<size;i++)
if(arr[i]>max);
printf("Max Number is : %d\n",max);
}
Program: Write a program to input 10 integers and find the index of
highest and lowest data.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[10];
int i,n,max,min,max_index=0,min_index=0;
n=sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
printf("Enter The 10 Integers : ");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
max=min=arr[0];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(arr[i]>max)
{
max=arr[i];
max_index=i;
}
if(arr[i]<min)
{
min=arr[i];
min_index=i;
}
}
printf("Max Number : %d at Index : %d\n",max,max_index);
printf("Min Number : %d at Index : %d\n",min,min_index);
}
Program: Write a program to initialize an array of 10 characters. Count
numbers of alphabets, characters and special characters.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char arr[10]={'a','A','1','&','r','R','%','6','q','7'};
int i,n;
int alpha=0,num=0,special=0;
n=sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
for(i=0;i<n;i++);
printf("%c\n",arr[i]);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(((arr[i]>='a')&&(arr[i]<='z'))||((arr[i]>='A')&&(arr[i]<='Z')))
alpha++;
if((arr[i]>='0')&&(arr[i]<='9'))
num++;
else
special++;
}
printf("Alphabates : %d\n",alpha);
printf("Numbers : %d\n",num);
printf("Special Characters : %d\n",special);
}
Program: Write a program to use of srand() function.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[10];
int i;
srand(getpid());
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
arr[i]=rand()%101;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
printf("%d,",arr[i]);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to find higher number from array and all its
indexes.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[10],i,max=0;
srand(getpid());
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
arr[i]=rand()%101;
printf("%d ",arr[i]);
if(arr[i]>max)
max=arr[i];
}
printf("\nMax : %d\n",max);
printf("Indexes are : ");
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
if(arr[i]==max)
printf("%d",i);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to input 25 characters and count numbers of
vowels.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,cnt=0;
char arr[25];
srand(getpid());
for(i=0;i<25;i++)
{
arr[i]=rand()%26+97;
printf("%c ",arr[i]);
if((arr[i]=='a')||(arr[i]=='e')||(arr[i]=='i')||(arr[i]=='o')||(arr[i]=='u'))
cnt++;
}
printf("\nNumbers of vowels : %d\n",cnt);
}
Program: Write a program to input 10 integers in array and find minimum
and maximum number and all its indexes.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
void input(int*,int);
void print(int*,int);
void find_max_min(int*,int);
void find_indexes(int*,int,int);
int main()
{
srand(getpid());
int arr[10]={0},n;
n=sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
input(arr,n);
print(arr,n);
find_max_min(arr,n);
}
void input(int arr[],int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
arr[i]=rand()%100;
}
void print(int arr[],int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%d ",arr[i]);
}

void find_max_min(int arr[],int n)

{
int i,max=arr[0],min=arr[0];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if(arr[i]>max)
max=arr[i];
if(arr[i]<min)
min=arr[i];
}
printf("\nMax : %d\n",max);
printf("Index : ");
find_indexes(arr,n,max);
printf("\nMin : %d\n",min);
printf("Index : ");
find_indexes(arr,n,min);
printf("\n");
}
void find_indexes(int arr[],int n,int num)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
if(arr[i]==num);
printf("%d ",i);
}

Program: Write a program to assign 10 unique random alphabets to array

#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int test_unique(char*,int);
int main()
{
srand(getpid());
char str[10];
int i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
str[i]=rand()%26+65;
if(!test_unique(str,i))
i--;
}
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
printf("%c ",str[i]);
}
int test_unique(char *p,int i)
{
int j;
for(j=0;j<i;j++)
{
if(p[i]==p[j])
return 0;
}
return 1;
}

Program: Write a program to get random 25 number of any character data

and count number of alphabets, numeric data and special characters.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int input_data(char*,int);
void print_data(char*,int);
void cnt_data(char*,int);
int main()
{
srand(getpid());
char arr[25];
input_data(arr,25);
print_data(arr,25);
cnt_data(arr,25);
}
int input_data(char arr[],int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
arr[i]=rand()%128;
}

void print_data(char arr[],int n)

{
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("arr[%d] : %c\n",i,arr[i]);
}

Program: User define strlen_finction.

size_t Ustrlen(const char *p)
{
size_t count=0;
int i;
for(i=0;p[i];i++)
count++;
return count;
}
Program: Write a program to implement your own strrstr() function.
#include<stdio.h>
char *user_strrstr(char*,char*);
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
scanf("%s",str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
scanf("%s",str_2);
ptr=user_strrstr(str_1,str_2);
if(ptr)
{
printf("Found at Index : %ld\n",ptr-str_1);
}
else
printf("Not Found\n");
}
char *user_strrstr(char str_1[],char str_2[])
{
int i,j;
char *ptr=NULL;
for(i=0;str_1[i];i++,j=1)
{
if(str_1[i]==str_2[0])
{
for(j=1;str_2[j];j++)
{
if(str_1[i+j]!=str_2[j])
break;
}
if(str_2[j]=='\0')
ptr=str_1+i;
}
}
if(ptr)
return ptr;
else
return NULL;
}
Program: Write program to reverse the entered string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void reverse_string(char*);
int main()
{
char str[100];
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%s",str);
reverse_string(str);
printf("Reverse String : %s\n",str);
}
void reverse_string(char *ptr)
{
int n=strlen(ptr);
char *q,temp;
for(q=ptr+n-1;ptr<q;ptr++,q--)
{
temp=*ptr;
*ptr=*q;
*q=temp;
}
}
ii)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];;
char ch;
int i;
int cnt = 0;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
cnt=i;
printf("String Count is : %d\n",cnt);
for(i=0;i<=cnt/2;i++)
{
ch=str[i];
str[i]=str[cnt-i-1];
str[cnt-i-1]=ch;
}
printf("Reverse String : %s\n",str);
}
Program: Write a program to compare two strings.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
scanf("%s",str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
scanf("%s",str_2);
if(strcmp(str_1,str_2)==0)
printf("Equal\n");
else
printf("Not Equal\n");
}

Program: Write user define memset function.

void memset(void *str,int c,size_t n)
{
while(n--)
{
*(char *)s=c;
((char *)s)++;
}
return s;
}
Program: Write user define strcmp function.
int user_strcpy(const char *str_1,const char *str_2)
{
while((*str_1)&&(str_2))
{
if(*str_1!=*str_2)
break;
str_1++;
str_2++;
}
if(*str_1==*str_1)
return 0;
else
{
if(*str_1>*str_2)
return 1;
else
return -1;
}
}
Program: Write a program to hide string 1 in string 2.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
scanf("%s",str_2);
ptr=str_1;
while(ptr=strstr(ptr,str_2))
{
memset(ptr,'*',strlen(str_2));
ptr++;
}
printf("Str_1 : %s\n",str_1);
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
int lenght;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
scanf("%s",str_2);
while(ptr=strstr(str_1,str_2))
{
lenght=strlen(str_2);
for(int i=0;i<lenght;i++)
str_1[(ptr-str_1)+i]='*';
}
printf("String is : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to remove extra consecutive blank spaces.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char *ptr,*qtr;
char ch=32;
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str_1);
ptr=str_1;
while(ptr=strchr(ptr,ch))
{
qtr=++ptr;
while(*ptr==ch)
ptr++;
memmove(qtr,ptr,strlen(ptr)+1);
}
printf("String : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to reverse string 2 In string 1.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
char ch;
int i,length;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
while(ptr=strstr(str_1,str_2))
{
length=strlen(str_2)-1;
for(i=0;i<length;i++,length--)
{
ch=*(ptr+1);
*(ptr+i)=*(ptr+length);
*(ptr+length)=ch;
}
}
printf("String is : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to reverse string 2 in string 1.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr,ch;
int i,j;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
while(ptr=strstr(str_1,str_2))
{
j=strlen(str_2)-1;
for(i=0;i<j;i++,j--)
{
ch=*(ptr+i);
*(ptr+i)=*(ptr+j);
*(ptr+j)=ch;
}
}
printf("String - 1 : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to remove occurrence of string 2 from string 1.
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
while(ptr=strstr(str_1,str_2))
{
memmove(ptr,ptr+strlen(str_2),strlen(ptr+strlen(str_2))+1);
printf("String is : %s\n",str_1);
}
}
Program: User define strstr function.
char user_strstr(const char *str_1,const char *str_2)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;str_1[i];i++)
{
if(str_1[i]==str_2[0])
{
for(j=1;str_2[j];j++)
{
if(str_1[i+j]!=str_2[j])
break;
if(str_2[j]=='\0')
return str_1+i;
}
}
}
return NULL;
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
int i;
ptr=strstr(str_1,str_2);
if(ptr)
printf("Found at : %u\n",ptr-str_1);
else
printf("Not Found\n");
}
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
int i;
int cnt=0;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
ptr=str_1;
while(ptr=strstr(ptr,str_2))
{
cnt++;
ptr++;
}
printf("String 2 Occurs %d time in String 1\n",cnt);
}
Program: Write a program to understand the work of strlen() function.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[20];
int length;
printf("Enter The Stirng : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
length=strlen(str);
printf("Lenght of String is : %d\n",length);
}

Program: Write the user defined strlen() function.

int user_strlen(char str[])

{
int i=0;
while(str[i]!='\0')
i++;
return i;
}
Program: Write a program to input a char and search the occurrences.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
char ch;
int i,cnt=0;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
printf("Enter The Charcater to be search : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
if(str[i]==ch)
cnt++;
}
printf("Character %c occurs %d count\n",ch,cnt);
}
Program: Write a program to understand strcat() function.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[20];
char str_2[20];
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
scanf("%s",str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
scanf("%s",str_2);
strcat(str_1,str_2);
printf("Strcat Result : %s\n",str_1);
}
ii)
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[20]="Subhash";
char str_2[20]="Chandra";
strcat(strcat(str_1,str_2),"Bose");
printf("Result : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to convert all lowercase character to
uppercase.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
int i;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
if((str[i]>='a')&&(str[i]<='z'))
str[i]-=32;
}
printf("String : %s\n",str);
}
Program: Write a program to copying one string into another, using
member by member.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char s1[100];
char s2[100];
int i;
printf("Enter String For S1 : ");
gets(s1);
for(i=0;s1[i];i++)

s2[i]=s1[i];
s2[i]=0;
printf("S2 : %s\n",s2);

}
Program: Write a program to copy string using built in function strcpy.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
strcpy(str_2,str_1);
printf("String - 2 is : %s\n",str_2);
}

Program: Write a program for user defined string copy strcpy().

char *user_strcpy(char *dest,const char *src)
{
int i;
for(i=0;src[i];i++)
dest[i]=src[i];
dest[i]=0;
return dest;
}
Program: Write user define strncpy() function.
char *user_strncpy(char *dest,const char *src,size_t n)
{
int i;
for(i=0;(i<n && src[i]);i++)
dest[i]=src[i];
for(;i<n;i++)
dest[i]='\0';
return dest;
}

Program: Write user define memmove() function.

void *memmove(void *dest,const void *src,size_t n)
{
char temp[n+1];
int i;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
temp[i]=((char *)src)[i];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
((char *)dest)[i]=temp[i];
return dest;
}
Program: Write user define strcat() function.
char *user_strcat(char *dest,const char *src)
{
int len=strlen(dest);
int i;
for(i=0;src[i];i++)
dest[len+i]=src[i];
dest[len+i]='\0';
return dest;
}

Program: Write user define strncat() function.

char *user_strncat(char *dest,const char *src,size_t n)
{
int length=strlen(dest);
int i;
for(i=0;i<n && src[i];i++)
dest[len+i]=src[i];
dest[len+i]='\0';
return dest;
}
Program: Write a program to input three string stores in str_1, str_2,
str_3. Copy all three strings into string 4, one after another separated by
space.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char str_3[100];
char str_4[100];
printf("Enter String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
printf("Enter String - 3 : ");
gets(str_3);
strcpy(str_4,str_1);
strcat(str_4," ");
strcat(str_4,str_2);
strcat(str_4," ");
strcat(str_4,str_3);
printf("String - 4 : %s\n",str_4);
}
Program: Write a program to input string 1 and string 2. Insert string 2 in
given position in string 1.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char temp[100];
int posn;
printf("Enter The Stings : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str_2);
printf("Enter The Posn : ");
scanf("%d",&posn);
strcpy(temp,str_1+posn);
strcpy(str_1+posn,str_2);
strcat(str_1,temp);
printf("Modified Str - 1 : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to input string 1 and string 2. Insert string 2 in
given position in string 1.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
int posn;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
printf("Enter The String - 2 : ");
gets(str_2);
printf("Enter The Posn : ");
scanf("%d",&posn);
memmove(str_1+posn+strlen(str_2),str_1+posn,strlen(str_1+posn)+1);
memmove(str_1+posn,str_2,strlen(str_2));
printf("Modified String : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to input a string and remove all non-alphabets.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
int i,len;
printf("Enter The String - 1 : ");
gets(str_1);
for(i=0;str_1[i];i++)
{

if(((str_1[i]>='a')&&(str_1[i]<='z'))||((str_1[i]>='A')&&(str_1[i]>='A')&&(str_1
[i]<='Z')))
continue;
else
{
memmove(str_1+i,str_1+i+1,strlen(str_1+i));
i--;
}
}
printf("Modified String : %s\n",str_1);
}
Program: Write a program to input a string and a string character and
remove all occurrences of the character from the string.
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
int i;
char ch;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%s",&ch);
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
if(str[i]==ch)
{
memmove(str+i,str+i+1,strlen(str+i+1)+1);
i--;
}
}
printf("Modified String : %s\n",str);
}
Program: Write a program to print the character position in entered
string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
char ch;
printf("Enter The Character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
if(strchr(str,ch)==NULL)
printf("Not Found\n");
else
printf("Found at index : %u\n",strchr(str,ch)-str);
}
Program: Write a program to print the character position in entered
string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
char ch;
char *ptr;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
printf("Enter The Characater : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
ptr=strchr(str,ch);
if(ptr==NULL)
printf("Not Found\n");
else
printf("Found at index : %u\n",ptr-str);
}
Program: Write user defined strchr() Function.
char *user_strchr(const char *str,int ch)
{
int i;
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
if(str[i]==ch)
return str+i;
}
return NULL;
}
Program: Write a program to remove extra repetitions of all characters in
a given string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
char *ptr;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
int i;
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
while(ptr=strchr(str+i+1,str[i]))
memmove(ptr,ptr+1,strlen(ptr+1)+1);
}
printf("Modified String : %s\n",str);

}
Program: Write a program to input a string and find out how many
characters are repeated.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[100];
char *ptr;
char temp[100];
int cnt=0;
printf("Enter The String : ");
gets(str);
strcpy(temp,str);
for(int i=0;temp[i];i++)
{
if(strchr(temp+i+1,temp[i]))
{
cnt++;
while(ptr=strchr(temp+i+1,temp[i]))
memmove(ptr,ptr+1,strlen(ptr+1)+1);
}
}
printf("No. of Characters Repeating : %d\n",cnt);
}
Program: Write user defined strrchr() Function.
char *user_strrchr(const char *str,int ch)
{
int i;
int len=-1;
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
if(str[i]==ch)
len=i;
}
if(len>=0)
return str+1;
else
return NULL;
}
Program: Write a program to find the min and max numbers in an array.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=0,n,min;
int arr[5];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
puts("Enter the numbers: ");
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
puts("Elements of Array : ");
for(int j=0;j<5;j++)
printf("%d",arr[j]);
n=arr[0];
for(int j=1;j<5;j++)
{
if(n<arr[j])
n = arr[j];
}
min=arr[0];
int temp;
for(int j=1;j<5;j++)
{
if(min>arr[j])
min = arr[j];
}
 printf("Largest no is: %d\n",n);
printf("Smallest No is: %d\n",min);
}
Program: Write a program to insert insertion sort.
#include<stdio.h>
void insert_sort(int *p);
int main()
{
int i=0,n;
int arr[5];
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
puts("Enter the numbers:");
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
puts("Before Sort");
for(int j=0;j<5;j++)
printf("%d",arr[j]);
insert_sort(arr);
}
void insert_sort(int *p)
{
int temp;
int j;
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
{
temp=p[i];
j=i-1;
while(j>=0)
{
 if(temp<p[j])
{
p[j+1]=p[j];
j--;
}
else
break;
}
p[j+1]=temp;
}
puts("After Soting:");
for(int x=0;x<5;x++)
printf("%d, ",p[x]);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to find the highest value from an array using 1
loop.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=0,n;
int arr[5];
for(i=0;i<5;i++) //This loop is only taken for getting array assigned if we
don’t want this for loop we can use arr[]={5,7,9,5,1};
{
printf("Enter The Numbers:");
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
n=arr[0];
for(int j=1;j<5;j++)
{
if(n<arr[j])
n = arr[j];
}
printf("Largest No is: %d\n",n);
}
Program: Write a Program to print binary equivalent of float using union.
#include<stdio.h>
union t
{
float f;
struct st
{
unsigned int mentisa:23; //Bit field of 23 bit for mantissa part.
unsigned int exponant:8; //Bit Field of 8 bit for exponent part.
unsigned int sign:1; //Bit filed of 1 bit for signed part
}row;
}u;
int main()
{
union t v;
puts("Enter Floating Real Value:");
scanf("%f",&v.f); //Getting Real Value Here
printf("Binary Form is: ");
printf("%d ",v.row.sign); //1st Printing Signed bit of Real value
/* For Exponent part */
for(int i=8;i>=0;i--) //loop for printing binary value till 8 bit
{
if((v.row.exponant >> i) & 1) //if exponant of real value (in binary)
is true then print 1
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
}
 /* For Mentisa Part */
for(int i=23;i>=0;i--)
{
if((v.row.mentisa >> i) & 1)
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
if(i%8==0)
{
printf(" ");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: To find GCD of two numbers.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int a,b,small,i;
a=atoi(argv[1]);
b=atoi(argv[2]);
if(a>b)
small=b;
else
small=a;
for(i=small;i>=1;i--)
{
if((a%i)==0&&(b%i)==0)
{
printf("%d",i);
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to find the lcm of two numbers.
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
int a,b,large;
a=atoi(argv[1]);
b=atoi(argv[2]);
if(a>b)
large=a;
else
large=b;
while(1)
{
if((large%a)==0&&(large%b)==0)
{
printf("%d",large);
break;
}
large++;
}
return 0;
}
Program. Write a program to find the area of a circle (area=3.14*r*r),
when diameter is given.
#include <stdio.h>
#define PI 3.14
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
float dia,radius,area=0;
dia=atoi(argv[1]);
radius=0.5*dia;
area=PI*radius*radius;
printf("%.2f",area);
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to check whether given number is strong
number or not.
#include<stdio.h>
int fact_data(int);
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int num,d,n,res=0,i,count=0,x;
n=atoi(argv[1]);
num=n;
x=num;
while(n!=0)
{
n=n/10;
count++;
}
for(i=0;i<count;i++)
{
if(x>0)
{
d=x%10;
res=res+fact_data(d);
x=x/10;
}
}
if(res==num)
{
printf("Strong Number\n");
}
 else printf("Not Strong Number\n");
return 0;
}

int fact_data(int x)
{
if(x==0)
return 1;
else
return x*fact_data(x-1);
}
Program: Write a program to print the CPU is little endian or big endian.
#include<stdio.h>
union tag
{
int i;
char ch;
};
int main()
{
union tag var={1};
if(var.ch)
printf("CPU is byte Order is Little Endian\n");
else
printf("CPU is byte Order is Big Endian\n");
}
Program: Write a program to find the 2nd highest digit in a supplied
integer
Note: Use a single loop.
#include<stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int data,rem,largest=0,Sec_large=0;
printf("Enter the Number :");
scanf("%d",&data);
while(data>0)
{
rem=data%10;
if(largest<rem)
{
Sec_large=largest;
largest=rem;
}
else if(rem>=Sec_large)
Sec_large=rem;
data=data/10;
}
printf("The Second Largest Digit is %d\n", Sec_large);
return 0;
}
Program: Write a Program to calculate sum-of-Odd-digits in an integer.
#include<stdio.h>
int sumofodddigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter a Number: ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Sum of Odd Digits: %d\n",sumofodddigits(data));
}

int sumofodddigits(int data)

{
int r,sum=0;
while(data>0)
{
r=data%10;
data=data/10;
if (r%2==1)
sum=sum+r;
}
return sum;
}
Program: Write a program to sort the array of strings.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char arr[5][10]={"White","Red","Green","Yellow","Blue"};
char temp[10];
int i;
printf("Before Sorting : ");
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("%s\t",arr[i]);
printf("\n");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
for(int j=i+1;j<5;j++)
if(strcmp(arr[i],arr[j])>0)
{
strcpy(temp,arr[i]);
strcpy(arr[i],arr[j]);
strcpy(arr[j],temp);
}
printf("After Sorting : \n");
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("%s\t",arr[i]);
}
Program: Write a program to add the elements of the array.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[10];
int i;
int sum=0;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
printf("Enter The Value for arr[%d] : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
sum+=arr[i];
}
printf("Sum of arry is : %d\n",sum);
}
Program: Write a program to find the maximum and minimum numbers
in an array.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,arr[10]={2,4,5,2,1,8,9,11,6,3};
int min,max;
min=max=arr[0];
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
{
if(arr[i]<min)
min=arr[i];
if(arr[i]>max)
max=arr[i];
}
printf("Min : %d\n",min);
printf("Max : %d\n",max);
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the element of array.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,temp;
int arr[10]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
for(i=0,j=9;i<j;i++,j--)
{
temp=arr[i];
arr[i]=arr[j];
arr[j]=temp;
}
printf("Revese Array : ");
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
printf("%d,",arr[i]);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to open and close the file.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
char file_name[]="file.txt";
if((fptr=fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL)
{
printf("Cannot Open The File :%s\n",file_name);
}
else
{
printf("File Open SucessFully\n");
printf("Ready To Close The File\n");
fclose(fptr);
}
}
Program: Write a program to Read and Write one character at a time.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
char ch;
/*Writing text into file*/
fptr=fopen("text.txt","w");
printf("Enter The Text : ");
/*Print Ctrl+d to stop Reading Character*/
while((ch=getchar())!=EOF)
fputs(ch,fptr);
fclose(fptr);
/*Reading text from file and printing on to screen*/
if((fptr=fopen("text.txt","r"))==NULL)
printf("This FILE doesn't exist\n");
else
{
printf("Data in file : ");
while((ch=fgetc(fptr))!=EOF)
printf("%c",ch);
}
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to read and write one line a time.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
char wbuff[80];
char rbuff[80];
/*Writing into the file*/
fptr=fopen("file.txt","w");
printf("Enter The Text : ");
/*Press Ctrl+d to stop reading character*/
while(gets(wbuff)!=NULL)
fputs(wbuff,fptr);
fclose(fptr);

/*Reading text from file and printing on to screen*/

if((fptr=fopen("file.txt","r"))==NULL)
printf("This File Dosen't Exist\n");
else
{
printf("Data in the File : \n");
while(fgets(rbuff,80,fptr)!=NULL)
printf("%s",rbuff);
}
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to understand the use of fprintf() and fscanf().
#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
char name[20];
float percentage;
}stu1,stu2;

int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
int i,n;
/*Writing The Data In The File using fscanf()*/
fptr=fopen("student_data.dat","w");
printf("Enter Number Of Records : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("Enter Name : ");
scanf("%s",stu1.name);
printf("Enter The Percentage : ");
scanf("%f",&(stu1.percentage));
fprintf(fptr,"%s%f",stu1.name,stu1.percentage);
}
fclose(fptr);
 /*Reading The Data From File Using fscanf()*/
fptr=fopen("student.dat","r");
printf("Name\nPercentage\n");
while(fscanf(fptr,"%s%f",stu2.name,&(stu2.percentage))!=EOF)
printf("%s\t%f\n",stu2.name,stu2.percentage);
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to read and write one block of character at a
time.
#include<stdio.h>
struct student
{
char name[20];
int roll;
float percentage;
}stu1,stu2;
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
int i,n;
/*Writing Data into File Using Fwrite*/
fptr=fopen("student.dat","wb");
printf("Enter Numbers of Record : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("Enter The Name : ");
scanf("%s",stu1.name);
printf("Enter The Roll Number : ");
scanf("%d",&(stu1.roll));
printf("Enter The Percentage : ");
scanf("%f",&(stu1.percentage));
fwrite(&stu1,sizeof(stu1),1,fptr);
}
fclose(fptr);
/*Reading Data From File Using fread()*/
fptr=fopen("student.dat","rb");
printf("Name:\tRoll Number:\tPercentage:\n");
while(fread(&stu2,sizeof(stu2),1,fptr)==1)
{
printf("%s\t",stu2.name);
printf("%d\t",stu2.roll);
printf("%f\t",stu2.percentage);
}
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to understand the fseek() function
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct student
{
char name[20];
int roll;
float percentage;
}stu1;

int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
int n;

fptr=fopen("student.dat","rb");
if(fptr==NULL)
{
printf("Error in opening file\n");
exit(1);
}
printf("Enter The Record Number to be read : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
fseek(fptr,(n-1)*sizeof(stu1),0); //Skip n-1 record
fread(&stu1,sizeof(stu1),1,fptr); //Read the nth Record
printf("Name\tRollNo\tPercentage\n");
printf("%s\t",stu1.name);
 printf("%d\t",stu1.roll);
printf("%f\t",stu1.percentage);
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to understand the use of ftell().
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
struct student
{
char name[20];
int roll;
float percentages;
}stu1;
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
fptr=fopen("student.dat","rb");
if(fptr==NULL)
{
printf("Error in opening File\n");
exit(1);
}
printf("Position pointer in the begning : %ld\n",ftell(fptr));
while(fread(&stu1,sizeof(stu1),1,fptr)==1)
{
printf("Position Pointer : %ld\n",ftell(fptr));
printf("%s\t",stu1.name);
printf("%d\t",stu1.roll);
printf("%f\t",stu1.percentages);
}
 printf("Size of File in Bytes is : %ld\n",ftell(fptr));
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to understand the use of rewind().
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
fptr=fopen("student.dat","rb");
if(fptr==NULL)
{
printf("Error in opening File\n");
exit(1);
}
printf("Position Pointer : %ld\n",ftell(fptr));
fseek(fptr,0,2);
printf("posotion Pointer : %ld\n",ftell(fptr));
rewind(fptr);
printf("Position Pointer : %ld\n",ftell(fptr));
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to Open and Close a text file.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
char file_name[]="file.txt";
if((fptr=fopen(file_name,"r"))==NULL)
{
printf("Cannot Open : %s\n",file_name);
}
else
{
printf("FILE Open Sucessfully\n");
printf("Ready To Close The FILE\n");
fclose(fptr);
}
}
Program: Write a program to read and write one character at a time
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *fptr;
char ch;
/*Writing Text into File*/
fptr=fopen("text.txt","w");
printf("Enter The Text : ");
/* Press ctrl+d to stop reading character*/
while((ch=getchar())!=EOF)
fputc(ch,fptr);
fclose(fptr);

/* Reading text from file and printing on to the screen*/

if((fptr=fopen("text.txt","r"))==NULL)
printf("This FILE dosen't exit\n");
else
{
printf("Data in FILE is : \n");
while((ch=fgetc(fptr))!=EOF)
printf("%c",ch);
}
fclose(fptr);
}
Program: Write a program to print sum of first 10 perfect number from
given starting number.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
unsigned long long number;
printf("Enter any Number : ");
scanf("%llu",&number);
printf("The Perfect Numbers are : ");
int total=0;
while(total<10)
{
unsigned long long sum=1;
unsigned long long divisor=2;
while(divisor<=number/2)
{
if(number%divisor==0)
{
sum+=divisor;
}
divisor++;
}
if(sum==number)
{
printf("%llu\n",number);
total++;
}
number+=1;
 }
}
Program: Write a program to print the binary of floating-point number.
#include<stdio.h>
union data
{
int i;
float f;
};
int main()
{
union data v;
int bit;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%f",&v.f);
printf("The Binary is : ");
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
printf("%d",(v.i>>bit)&1);
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a function to reverse double linked list.
#include<header.h>
void reverse_display(struct person *ptr)
{
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("List is Empty\n");
}
else
{
for(;ptr->link;ptr=ptr->link); //reach to the last node
while(ptr) // it iterates from last node to initial value of head which is
fully null
{
printf("Age is : %d\n",ptr->age);
printf("Name is : %s",ptr->name);
ptr=ptr->prev; // after printing 1st node goto last before node
}
}
}
Program: Write a program to print longest series of 1’s in given integer set
bits.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int bin,data,cnt=0,flag=0,bit;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
bin=(data>>bit)&1;
if(bin==1)
{
cnt++;
}
if(cnt==2)
{
flag++;
cnt=0;
}
if(bin==1)
{
continue;
}
}
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
 if(bit%8==0)
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
printf("Count is : %d\n",flag);
}
Program: Implement user defined mem-move function.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void user_memmove(void*,const void*,int);
int main()
{
char str_1[100];
char str_2[100];
char *ptr;
int n;
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%s",str_1);
printf("Enter The Posn Where You Wants To Copy : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
user_memmove(str_1+n,str_2,strlen(str_1));
printf("%s",str_1);
printf("\n");
}
void user_memmove(void *str_1,const void *str_2,int n)
{
int i;
char temp[100];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
temp[i]=((char*)str_2)[i];
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
((char*)str_1)[i]=temp[i];
}
}
Program: Write a program to print the 1st 10 prime numbers.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int min,max,i,j,cnt=0;
for(i=2;i<=30;i++)
{
int flag=0;
for(j=2;j<i;j++)
{
if(i%j==0)
{
flag=1;
break;
}
}
if(flag==0)
{
printf("%d\n",i);
cnt++;
}
if(cnt==10)
break;
}
}
Program: User defined strncat function.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
char *user_strncat(char*,char*,int);
int main()
{
int n;
char str_1[100];
char str_2[200];
printf("Enter The String - 1 ");
scanf("%s",str_1);
printf("Enter The String -2 " );
scanf("%s",str_2);
printf("How Many Character You Want to Concate of Str - 2 : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
user_strncat(str_1,str_2,n);
printf("The String str - 1 is : %s\n",str_1);
}
char *user_strncat(char *str_1,char *str_2,int n)
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;str_1[i];i++)
for(j=0;j<n;i++,j++)
{
str_1[i]=str_2[j];
}
str_1[i]='\0';
return str_1;
}

User strcat Function:

char user_strcat(char *dest,const char *src)
{
char *temp=dest;
while(*dest)
dest++;
while((dest++=*src++)!='\0');
return temp;
}
Program: Write a program to search a word int a FILE replaces with its
reverse equivalent.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
FILE *fp;
int size,len,i=0,j=0,flag=0;
char temp,*buf=NULL,*ptr=NULL,*copy=NULL;
len=strlen(argv[1]);
copy=malloc(len);
strcpy(copy,argv[1]);
//Reversing The Word
j=len-1;
while(i<j)
{
temp=copy[i];
copy[i]=copy[j];
copy[j]=temp;
i++;
j--;
}
fp=fopen(argv[2],"r");
if(fp==NULL)
{
printf("ERROR : File Not Avalable\n");
exit(0);
}
fseek(fp,0,2);
size=ftell(fp);
fseek(fp,0,0);
// Reading file data
buf=malloc(size);
fread(buf,sizeof(char),size,fp);
fclose(fp);
//Searching the word replacing the with its reverse
for(ptr=buf;ptr=strstr(ptr,argv[1]);ptr+=len)
{
strncpy(ptr,copy,len);
flag=1;
}
if(flag)
{
printf("%s",buf);
}
else
{
printf("Not a Found\n");
}
}
Program: Write a program to print the non-repeated digits in the number.
#include<stdio.h>
int repeatDigits(int,int);
int main()
{
int r,data,n;
printf("Enter the Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data==0)
printf("0");
n=data;
while(data)
{
r=data%10;
if(repeatDigits(n,r))
printf("%d ",r);
data=data/10;
}
printf("\n");
}
int repeatDigits(int data,int r)
{
int r1,count=0;
while(data)
{
r1=data%10;
if(r==r1)
count++;
data/=10;
}
if(count==1)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to delete a particular line in the file.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *file_pointer_1;
FILE *file_pointer_2;
char file_name[40];
char ch;
int delete_line;
int temp_data=0;

printf("Enter The File Name : ");

scanf("%s",file_name);

//Open File In Read Mode

file_pointer_1=fopen(file_name,"r");
ch=getc(file_pointer_1);
while(ch!=EOF)
{
printf("%c",ch);
ch=getc(file_pointer_1);
}
// Rewind
rewind(file_pointer_1);
printf("Enter The Line Number to Be Deleted : ");
scanf("%d",&delete_line);
//Open New File In Write Mode
file_pointer_2=fopen("copy.c","w");
ch='A';
while(ch!=EOF)
{
ch=getc(file_pointer_1);

//Except The Line To Be Deleted

if(temp_data!=delete_line)
{
//Copy All Line in File copy.c
putc(ch,file_pointer_2);
}
if(ch=='\n')
{
temp_data++;
}
}
fclose(file_pointer_1);
fclose(file_pointer_2);
remove(file_name);
//Rename the file copy.c to original name
rename("copy.c",file_name);
printf("\nThe Contents of File After Being Modified are as follows: ");
file_pointer_1=fopen(file_name,"r");
ch=getc(file_pointer_1);
while(ch!=EOF)
 {
printf("%c",ch);
ch=getc(file_pointer_1);
}
fclose(file_pointer_1);
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to find the factorial of a number by recursive
method.
#include<stdio.h>
int fact(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Factorial Of %d is %d\n",data,fact(data));
}
int fact(int data)
{
if(data==0)
return(1);
else
return(data*fact(data-1));
}
Program: Write a program to check whether the entered number is
Fibonacci or not.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,c,next,num;
printf("Enter The Number : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
if((num==0)||(num==1))
printf("%d is Fibonacci Term\n",num);
else
{
a=0;
b=1;
c=a+b;
while(c<num)
{
a=b;
b=c;
c=a+b;
}
if(c==num)
printf("%d is a Fibonaaci Term\n",num);
else
printf("%d is not Fibonaaci Term\n",num);
}
}
LMS Questions
Program: Write a program to print the type (category)
uppercase/lowercase/Numeric character /special character by using
conditional operator only.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
printf("Enter The character : ");
scanf("%c",&ch);
((ch>='A')&&(ch<='Z'))?printf("Uppercase Character\n"):
((ch>='a')&&(ch<='z'))?printf("Lowercase Charcater\n"):
((ch>='0')&&(ch<='9'))?printf("Digit\n"):
printf("Special Character\n");
}
Program: Write a program to convert the supplied character from one case
to another case.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
puts("Enter The Character : ");
ch=getchar();
if(isalpha(ch)){
ch=ch^32;
printf("%c",ch);}
else
printf("Error : Enter the alphabhate");
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to find sum of digits in a given number.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int rem;
int data;
int sum=0;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data>=0)
{
while(data)
{
rem=data%10;
sum=sum+rem;
data=data/10;
}
printf("%d",sum);
}
else
{
while(data)
{
rem=data%10;
sum=sum+rem;
data=data/10;
}
 printf("%d",-sum);}
}

Program: Write weather the given integer is ascending order or descending

order or not in sorted order.
#include<stdio.h>
int testAsc(int);
int testDec(int);
int main()
{
int num;
int data;
printf("Enter The Number : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num<0)
data=-num;
else
data=num;
if(testAsc(data))
printf("Entered Number is in ascending order\n");
else if(testDec(data))
printf("Entered Number is in Decending Order\n");
else
printf("Number not sorted\n");
}
int testAsc(int data)
{
int preDig=9;
int curDig;
while(data)
{
curDig=data%10;
if(curDig>preDig)
return 0;
preDig=curDig;
data/=10;
}
return 1;
}
int testDec(int data)
{
int preDig=0;
int curDig;
while(data)
{
curDig=data%10;
if(curDig<preDig)
return 0;
preDig=curDig;
data/=10;
}
return 1; }
Program: Write a program to print the status of a given prime number.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
int num;
int squre;
int i,k;
int data;
int count=0;
printf("Enter The Number : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num%2==0)
printf("Entered Number is Not Prime\n");
else
{
squre=sqrt(num);
for(i=2;i<=squre;i++)
{
if(num%i==0)
{
printf("Entered Number is Not Prime\n");
data=num;
break;
}
}
if(data==num);
else
{
if(num<9)
printf("Single Digit Prime\n");
else
{
while(num)
{
k=num%10;
count++;
num/=10;
}
if(count%2)
printf("Odd Digit Prime\n");
else
printf("Even Digit Prime\n");
}
}
}
}
Program: Write a program to print non-repeated digit in a number.
#include<stdio.h>
int repeatDigits(int,int);
int main()
{
int r,data,n;
printf("Enter the Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data==0)
printf("0");
n=data;
while(data)
{
r=data%10;
if(repeatDigits(n,r))
printf("%d ",r);
data=data/10;
}
printf("\n");
}
int repeatDigits(int data,int r)
{
int r1,count=0;
while(data){
r1=data%10;
if(r==r1)
count++;
data/=10;
}
if(count==1)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to find second highest digit in input data
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int temp,rem;
int snd_high_digt=0,high_digt=0;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data<0)
data=-data;
temp=data;
if(data<=9)
printf("You Supplied Single Digit Only\n");
else
{
while(data)
{
rem=data%10;
if(rem>high_digt)
rem^=high_digt^=rem^=high_digt;
if((rem>snd_high_digt)&&(rem<high_digt))
rem^=snd_high_digt^=rem^=snd_high_digt;
data/=10;
}
}
if(temp>9)
 if(snd_high_digt==0)
printf("All Digits are Same\n");
else
printf("Second Highest Digit is : %d\n",snd_high_digt);
}
Program: Write a program to print the leap year.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
int min,max;
int count=0;
printf("Enter The Min Year : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Year : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
if(min%4!=0)
printf("Birth Year is Incorrect\n");
else if(min>max)
printf("ERROR : Min is greater than Max\n");
else
{
for(;min<=max;min++)
{
n=min;
if((n%4==0)&&(n%100!=0)||(n%400==0))
count++;
}
printf("Count is : %d\n",count);
}
}
Program: Write a program to print prime numbers in the range where the
prime number should contain entered digit.
#include<stdio.h>
int testPrime(int);
int primeDigit(int,int);
int main()
{
int min,max;
int digit;
printf("Enter The Mix Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
printf("Enter The Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&digit);

for(;min<=max;min++)
{
if(testPrime(min))
if(primeDigit(min,digit))
{
printf("Prime Digits are :%d\n",min);
}
}
if(digit%2==0)
printf("No Number present is this range with entered digit\n");
}
int primeDigit(int data, int digit)
{
while(data)
{
if(digit%2==0)
return 0;
if(data%10==digit)
return 1;
data/=10;
}
return 0;
}

int testPrime(int min)

{
for(int i=2;i<min;i++)
{
if(min%i==0)
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
Program: Write a program to check entered data is palindrome or not.
#include<stdio.h>
int revDigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(revDigits(data)==data)
printf("Enter Number is Palindrome\n");
else
printf("Enter Number is Not Palindrome\n");
}

int revDigits(int data)

{
int rev=0;
while(data)
{
rev=rev*10+data%10;
data/=10;
}
return rev;
}
Program: Write a program to count pair of set bits in a given number.
#include<stdio.h>
int setBitPairs(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Set Bit Pairs are : %d\n",setBitPairs(data));
}

int setBitPairs(int data)

{
int cnt=0,bit=31;
while(bit>0)
{
if((((data>>bit)&1)==1)&&(((data>>--bit)&1)==1))
{
cnt++;
--bit;
}
else
--bit;
}
return cnt;
}
Program: Write a program to hide a word with stars (*) in a given string.
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[50];
char str_1[50];
char temp[50]=" ";
printf("Enter The String 1 : ");
scanf("%s",str);
strcpy(str+strlen(str),temp);
printf("Enter The words to hide : ");
scanf("%s",str_1);
strcpy(str_1+strlen(str_1),temp);
char *ptr;

while(ptr=strstr(str,str_1))
{
memset(ptr,'*',strlen(str_1)-1);
ptr=(ptr+strlen(str_1)-1);
}
printf("%s\n",str);
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the world which contains 2 or more
than 2 vowels in a supplied string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char str[50];
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
char ptr[20]="aeiou";
char ptr1[20]="AEIOU";
char temp[50]="";
char str1[50];
int i,j,n,k,c,c1,c2;
n=strlen(str)-1;
for(j=0,c1=0;j<=n;j++)
if(isupper(str[j]))
{
for(k=0;k<strlen(ptr1);k++)
if(str[j]==ptr1[k])
c1++;
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
for(j=0;str[i]!=' '&&i<=n;j++,i++)
str1[j]=str[i];
str1[j]='\0';
if(c1>=2)
{
 for(j=0,c=0;j<strlen(str1);j++)
for(k=0;k<strlen(ptr1);k++)
{
if(str1[j]==ptr1[k])
c++;
}
if(c>=1)
rev(str1);
}
else
{
for(j=0,c=0,c2=0;j<strlen(str1);j++)
for(k=0;k<strlen(ptr);k++)
{
if(str1[j]==ptr[k])
c++;
if(str1[j]==ptr1[k])
c2++;
if(str1[j]=='"')
str1[j]='\0';
}
if(c>=2||c2>=1)
rev(str1);
}
strcat(temp,str1);
strcat(temp," ");
}
if(c1>=2||c1>=1)
printf("%s",temp);
else
{
if(temp[strlen(temp)-1]==' ')
temp[strlen(temp)-1]='\0';
printf("ouput=%s",temp);
}
}

void rev(char *ptr)

{
int i,j,n;
char temp;
n=strlen(ptr)-1;
for(j=n,i=0;i<j;j--,i++)
{
temp=ptr[i];
ptr[i]=ptr[j];
ptr[j]=temp;
}
}
Program: In Given an unsorted integer array, place all zero to the end of
the array without changing the sequence of nonzero.
#include<stdio.h>
int sort_data(int a[],int n);
int main()
{
int a[1000];
int i,n,j,k;
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n>100)
printf("Memory overflow");
else
{
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
sort_data(a,n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%3d",a[i]);
}
}
int sort_data(int a[],int n)
{
int i,j,k;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
if(a[i]==0)
{
for(j=i;j<n-1;j++)
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j]=0;
}
return a;
}
Program: Write a program to find the GDC and LCM of Two integers.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num_1;
int num_2;
int gcd;
int lcm;
printf("Enter Number 1 : ");
scanf("%d",&num_1);
printf("Enter Number 2 : ");
scanf("%d",&num_2);

for(int i=1;i<=num_1&&i<=num_2;i++)
{
if(num_1%i==0 && num_2%i==0)
gcd=i;
}
lcm=(num_1*num_2)/gcd;
printf("GCD is : %d\n",gcd);
printf("LCM is : %d\n",lcm);
}
Program: Write a program to print all the LEADERS in the array, an
Element is a leader if it is greater than all the elements to its tight side.
For: Example, int the array {16,17,4,3,5,2}, leaders are 17,5, and 2.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[20];
int i,j,n;
printf("Enter The No. To be input : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n<0)
{
printf("Invalid Choice\n");
return 0;
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("Enter The Element of array : ");
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i]<a[j])
break;
}
if(j==n)
 printf("LADDR is : %d\n",a[i]);
}
}
Program: Write a program to convert temperature form to F or vice versa.
1. For Fahrenheit to Celsius
2. For Celsius to Fahrenheit
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("1 - For Fahrenheit to Celsius\n");
printf("2 - For Celsius To Fahrenheit\n");
int choice;
float fahr,celc;
printf("Enter Your Choice : ");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1: printf("Enter the Data : " );
scanf("%f",&celc);
fahr=(celc*9/5)+32;
printf("Farenite Data is : %f\n",fahr);
break;
case 2: printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%f",&fahr);
celc=(fahr-32)*5/9;
printf("Centrigrate Data is : %f\n",celc);
break;
}
}
Program: Write a program to implant user-defended atio function.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[20];
int i;
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%s",str);
if(isalpha(str[0]))
{
printf("0");
return 0;
}
for(i=0;i<strlen(str);i++)
if((str[i]>='0'&&str[i]<='9')||(str[i]=='+'||str[i]=='-'))
printf("%c",str[i]);
else if(isalpha(str[i]))
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to print the binary equivalent of float.
#include<stdio.h>
union data
{
int i;
float f;
};
int main()
{
union data v;
int bit;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%f",&v.f);
printf("The Binary is : ");
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
printf("%d",(v.i>>bit)&1);
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print binary data of double, and give space
for every 8 bits and also it has to work for exponential input.
#include<stdio.h>
union data
{
long long int i;
double d;
};
int main()
{
union data v;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%lf",&v.d);
int bit;
printf("Double Equavalnt Of Binary is : ");
for(bit=63;bit>=0;bit--)
{
printf("%lld",(v.i>>bit)&1);
if(bit%8==0)
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to convert little endian to big endian.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int bit;
int data;
int big=0;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Little Endian : ");
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
if(bit%8==0)
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
printf("Big Endian : ");
for(bit=7;big<=3;bit--)
{
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
if(bit%8==0)
printf(" ");
if(bit==0)
{
data=data>8;
bit=8;
 big++;
}
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print and count palindrome words in given
string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int testPalindrome(char*);
int main()
{
char str[50];
char str_1[50];
int cnt=0;
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
int len;
int j;
len=strlen(str);
for(int i=0;i<len-1;i++)
{
for(j=0,i<len;str[i]!=' '&&str[i]!='\0';i++,j++)
{
str_1[j]=str[i];
}
str_1[i]='\0';
if(testPalindrome(str_1))
{
printf("Palindrome is : %s\n",str_1);
cnt++;
}
printf("Palindrome Count is : %d",cnt);
 }
printf("\n");
}

int testPalindrome(char* str_1)

{
int len;
int j;
len=strlen(str_1);
for(int i=0,j=len-1;i<j;i++,j--)
{
if(str_1[i]!=str_1[j])
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
Program: Write a program to find highest and lowest elements in an array.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[20];
int len,num;
int i;
int high=0,low=0;

printf("Enter The data : ");

scanf("%d",&num);
if(num<=0)
{
printf("Invalid Size\n");
return 0;
}
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
printf("Enter The Numbers [%d] : ",i);
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
high=low=arr[0];
for(i=1;i<num;i++)
{
if(high<arr[i])
high=arr[i];
if(low>arr[i])
 low=arr[i];
}
if(high==low)
printf("All Elements are Same\n");
else
printf("Highest :%d\nLowest : %d\n",high,low);
}
Program: Write a program to convert first character of every word into
uppercase.
#include<string.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char str[50];
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
int len,i,j=0;
len=strlen(str);
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
{
if(isupper(str[j]))
{
str[i]=str[j];
break;
}
else
if(isalpha(str[i]))
{
str[i]=str[i]^32;
break;
}
else
if(isalpha(str[j]))
{
str[i]=str[j];
 }
}
printf("Final String : ");
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
printf("%c",str[i]);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to convert all small vowels letters into the
capital letter from a given string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
char str[20];
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
int len,i;
len=strlen(str);
printf("Converted String : ");
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
{
if(str[i]=='a' || str[i]=='e' || str[i]=='i' || str[i]=='o' || str[i]=='u')
{
str[i]=str[i]-32;
}
printf("%c",str[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to display duplicate element in an array. Array
size must be >20.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[20];
int i,j,k;
int cnt=0;
int cnt_1;
int num;
printf("Enter The Number : ");
scanf("%d",&num);
if(num<=0)
{
printf("Invalid Size\n");
return 0;
}
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
{
printf("Enter The Numbers %d : ",i);
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<num;i++)
for(j=i+1;j<num;j++)
if(a[i]==a[j])
{
for(k=0;k<j;k++)
{
 if(a[i]==a[k])
cnt++;
}
if(cnt==1)
{
printf("Duplicate Element is : ");
printf("%d",a[i]);
cnt_1++;
}
}
if(cnt_1==0)
{
printf("No Duplicate Element Found\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to print prime numbers in a given range the
sum of prime number should be equal to be 2.
#include<stdio.h>
int testPrime(int);
int sumPrime(int);
int main()
{
int min,max;
printf("Enter The Min : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
if((min==0)&&(max==1))
{
printf("Entered Invalid Range\n");
return 0;
}
for(;min<=max;min++)
{
if(testPrime(min))
if(sumPrime(min)==2)
printf("%d, ",min);
}
}
int testPrime(int data)
{
int i;
for(i=2;i<data;i++)
{
if(data%i==0)
return 0;
}
return 1;
}

int sumPrime(int data)

{
int r,sum=0,n;
n=data;
while(data)
{
r=data%10;
sum=sum+r;
data/=10;
}
if(sum==2)
{
printf("%d",n);
return 0;
}
else if(sum>2)
 {
int sum1=0;
while(sum)
{
sum1=sum1+(sum%10);
sum/=10;
}
return sum1;
}
}
Program: Write a program to build strong password.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char str[10];
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
int i,c1=0,c2=0,c3=0,c4=0,c=0;
for(i=0;str[i];i++)
{
if(isupper(str[i]))
c1++;
else if(islower(str[i]))
c2++;
else if(isdigit(str[i]))
c3++;
else if(str[i]!='\n')
c4++;
c++;
}
if(c1==0&&c2==0&&c3==0&&c4==0)
printf("password with min 6 characters should contain special
char,numbers,upper and lower case");
else if(c1==6)
printf("use lower case,numbers and special");
else if(c2==6)
printf("use upper case numbers and special");
else if(c3==6)
printf("use upper case lower and special");
else if(c4==6)
printf("use upper case,lower case and numbers");
else if(c1==1&&c2==1&&c3==1&&c4==0)
printf("3 more use special");
else if(c1==1&&c2==1&&c3==0&&c4==1)
printf("3 more use numbers");
else if(c1==1&&c2==0&&c3==1&&c4==1)
printf("3 more use lower case");
else if(c1==0&&c2==1&&c3==1&&c4==1)
printf("3 more use upper case");
else if(c1==1 &&c2==0 &&c3==0 &&c4==0)
printf("5 more use lower case,numbers and special");
else if(c2==1&&c1==0&&c3==0&&c4==0)
printf("5 more use upper case numbers and special");
else if(c3==1&&c1==0&&c2==0&&c4==0)
printf("5 more use upper case lower and special");
else if(c4==1&&c1==0&&c2==0&&c3==0)
printf("5 more use upper case,lower case and numbers");
else if(c1==1&&c4==1&&c2==0&&c3==0)
printf("4 more use lower case and numbers");
else if(c2==1&&c4==1&&c1==0&&c3==0)
printf("4 more use upper case and numbers");
else if(c3==1&&c4==1&&c1==0&&c2==0)
printf("4 more use upper and lower case");
else if(c1==1&&c3==1&&c2==0&&c4==0)
printf("4 more use lower case and special");
 else if(c1>=1&&c2>=1&&c3>=1&&c4>=1&&c>=7)
printf("passed");
}
Program: Write a program to print the highest even length of a word in
given string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main()
{
int cnt=0;
int len=0;
int n,i;
char str[50];
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
n=strlen(str);
for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
if(str[i]!=' '&&str[i]!='\0'&&str[i]!="")
{
cnt++;
continue;
}
printf("Length Is : %d\n",cnt);
return 0;
}
printf("Lenght is : %d",cnt=0);
printf("\n");
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the numeric string inside a main
string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char *str=NULL;
str=getstring();
int i,n,x=0;
n=strlen(str);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
if((isdigit(str[i]) && str[i+1]==' ') || (isdigit(str[i-1]) && i==n-1))
rev(i,x,str);
if(str[i]==' ')
x=i+1;
if(str[i]=='!')
{
printf("Invalid String");return 0;}
}
puts(str);
}
void* getstring()
{
int i=0;
char *p=NULL;
do
{
p=realloc(p,i+1);
p[i]=getchar();
}while(p[i++]!='\n');
p[i-1]='\0';
return p;
}

void rev(int s,int x,char *str)

{
int i,j;
char temp;
for(i=x,j=s;i<j;i++,j--)
{
temp=str[i];
str[i]=str[j];
str[j]=temp;
}
}
Program: Write a program to replace all 0’s with 1 in a given integer.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,data,a,b;
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data==0)
printf("1");
else
if(rev(data)==data)
{
printf("No Zeros In Input");
}
else if(data<0)
{
a=-data;
b=rev(a);
printf("%d",-b);
}
else
printf("%d",rev(data));
}
int rev(int data)
{
int r,rev1=0,n;
while(data)
{
r=(data%10);
if(r==0)
r=1;
rev1=(rev1*10)+r;
data/=10;
}
n=rev1;
int r1,reve=0;
while(n)
{
r1=n%10;
reve=(reve*10)+r1;
n/=10;
}
return reve;
}
Program: Write a program to print non-repeated digit in a number.
#include<stdio.h>
int repeatDigits(int,int);
int main()
{
int data;
int rem;
int num;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data==0)
printf("0");
num=data;
while(data)
{
rem=data%10;
if(repeatDigits(num,rem))
printf("%d ",rem);
data=data/10;
}
printf("\n");
}
int repeatDigits(int data, int rem)
{
int rem_1;
int count=0;
while(data)
{
rem_1=data%10;
if(rem==rem_1)
count++;
data/=10;
}
if(count==1)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to print all palindrome numbers in given
range.
#include<stdio.h>
int testPalindrome(int);
int main()
{
int min;
int max;
int i;
int n;
printf("Enter The Min Value : ");
scanf(“%d”,&min);
printf(“Enter The Max Value : “);
scanf("%d”,&max);
for(i=min;min<=max;min++)
{
n=testPalindrome(min);
if(i==n)
printf("%d ",i);
}
}
int testPalindrome(int min)
{
int rev=0;
while(min)
{
rev=(rev*10)+(min%10);
min/=10;
}
return rev;
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the world which contains 2 or more
than 2 vowels in a supplied string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char str[50];
printf("Enter The String : ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str);
char ptr[20]="aeiou";
char ptr1[20]="AEIOU";
char temp[50]="";
char str1[50];
int i,j,n,k,c,c1,c2;
n=strlen(str)-1;
for(j=0,c1=0;j<=n;j++)
if(isupper(str[j]))
{
for(k=0;k<strlen(ptr1);k++)
if(str[j]==ptr1[k])
c1++;
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=0;str[i]!=' '&&i<=n;j++,i++)
str1[j]=str[i];
str1[j]='\0';
if(c1>=2)
{
for(j=0,c=0;j<strlen(str1);j++)
for(k=0;k<strlen(ptr1);k++)
{
if(str1[j]==ptr1[k])
c++;
}
if(c>=1)
rev(str1);
}
else
{
for(j=0,c=0,c2=0;j<strlen(str1);j++)
for(k=0;k<strlen(ptr);k++)
{
if(str1[j]==ptr[k])
c++;
if(str1[j]==ptr1[k])
c2++;
if(str1[j]=='"')
str1[j]='\0';
}
if(c>=2||c2>=1)
rev(str1);
}
strcat(temp,str1);
 strcat(temp," ");
}
if(c1>=2||c1>=1)
printf("%s",temp);
else
{
if(temp[strlen(temp)-1]==' ')
temp[strlen(temp)-1]='\0';
printf("Reversed String : %s",temp);
}
printf("\n");
}

void rev(char *ptr)

{
int i,j,n;
char temp;
n=strlen(ptr)-1;
for(j=n,i=0;i<j;j--,i++)
{
temp=ptr[i];
ptr[i]=ptr[j];
ptr[j]=temp;
}
}
Program: In Given an unsorted integer array, place all zero to the end of
the array without changing the sequence of nonzero.
#include<stdio.h>
int sort(int a[],int n);
int main()
{
int a[1000];
int i,n,j,k;
scanf("%d",&n);
if(n>100)
printf("Memory Overflow");
else
{
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
sort(a,n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%3d",a[i]);
}
}
int sort(int a[],int n)
{
int i,j,k;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
if(a[i]==0){
for(j=i;j<n-1;j++)
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j]=0;
}
return a;
}
Program: Write a program to delete the particular word in FILE.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX 256
int main()
{
FILE *fp1, *fp2;
char word[MAX], filename[MAX];
char str[MAX], temp[] = "temp.txt", *ptr, *tmp;

/* Get The Input File From The User */

printf("Enter your input file name:");
fgets(filename, MAX, stdin);
filename[strlen(filename) - 1] = '\0';

/* Get the word to Delete From The User */

printf("Enter your input word:");
scanf("%s", word);

/* Open Input File In Read Mode */

fp1 = fopen(filename, "r");
/* Error Handling */
if (!fp1)
{
printf("Unable to open the input file!!\n");
return 0;
}

/* Open Temporary File in Write Mode */

fp2 = fopen(temp, "w");

/* Error Handling */
if (!fp2)
{
printf("Unable to open temporary file!!\n");
return 0;
}

/* Delete The Given Word From the File */

while (!feof(fp1))
{
strcpy(str, "\0");
/* Read line by line From the Input File */
fgets(str, MAX, fp1);
 /*Check whether the Word to Delete is Present in The Current
Scanned Line */
if (strstr(str, word))
{
tmp = str;
while(ptr = strstr(tmp, word))
{
/*Letters Present Before The Word to Be Deleted
*/
while (tmp != ptr) {
fputc(*tmp, fp2);
tmp++;
}
/* Skip The Word To Be Deleted */
ptr = ptr + strlen(word);
tmp = ptr;
}

/* Characters Present After The Word To Be Deleted */

while (*tmp != '\0')
{
fputc(*tmp, fp2);
tmp++;
}
}
 else
{
/*Current Scanned Line doesn't have The Word that Need
To Be Deleted*/
fputs(str, fp2);
}
}
/* Close The Opened Files */
fclose(fp1);
fclose(fp2);

/* Remove The Input File */

remove(filename);
/* Rename Temporary File Name To Input File Name */
rename(temp, filename);
return 0;
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the word in the FILE.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
FILE *fp;
int size,len,i=0,j=0,flag=0;
char temp,*buf=NULL,*ptr=NULL,*copy=NULL;

len=strlen(argv[1]);
copy=malloc(len);
strcpy(copy,argv[1]);

// reversing the word

j=len-1;
while(i<j)
{
temp=copy[i];
copy[i]=copy[j];
copy[j]=temp;
i++;
j--;
}
 fp=fopen(argv[2],"r");
if(fp==NULL)
{
printf("ERROR: File is not available...\n");
exit(0);
}

fseek(fp,0,2);
size=ftell(fp);
fseek(fp,0,0); //rewind(fp;

//reading file data

buf=malloc(size);
fread(buf,sizeof(char),size,fp);
fclose(fp);

//searching word & replacing with its reverse

for(ptr=buf; ptr=strstr(ptr,argv[1]); ptr+=len)
{
strncpy(ptr,copy,len);
flag=1;
}
if(flag)
printf("%s",buf);
else
printf("Not a single word available in that particular file as you
given\n");
}
Program: Write a program to replace the substring in main string.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void replaceSubstring(char [],char[],char[]);
int main()
{
char string[100];
char sub[100];
char new_str[100];
printf("Enter a string: ");
gets(string);
printf("Enter the substring: ");
gets(sub);
printf("Enter the new substring: ");
gets(new_str);
replaceSubstring(string,sub,new_str);
printf("The string after replacing : %s\n",string);
}
void replaceSubstring(char string[],char sub[],char new_str[])
{
int stringLen;
int subLen;
int newLen;
int i=0,j,k;
int flag=0;
int start;
int end;
stringLen=strlen(string);
subLen=strlen(sub);
newLen=strlen(new_str);
for(i=0;i<stringLen;i++)
{
flag=0;
start=i;
for(j=0;string[i]==sub[j];j++,i++)
if(j==subLen-1)
flag=1;
end=i;
if(flag==0)
i-=j;
else
{
for(j=start;j<end;j++)
{
for(k=start;k<stringLen;k++)
 string[k]=string[k+1];
stringLen--;
i--;
}
for(j=start;j<start+newLen;j++)
{
for(k=stringLen;k>=j;k--)
string[k+1]=string[k];
string[j]=new_str[j-start];
stringLen++;
i++;
}
}
}
}
Program: Write a program to delete a particular line in FILE.
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
char str[100];
char(*p)[100]=NULL;
int linenum,cnt=0,i;
FILE *fp;
linenum=atoi(argv[1]);
fp=fopen(argv[2],"r");
if(fp==NULL)
{
printf("Error: Unable to Open The File\n");
return 0;
}
while(fgets(str,100,fp)!=NULL)
{
p=realloc(p,(cnt+1)*sizeof(*p));
strcpy(p[cnt],str);
cnt++;
}
fclose(fp);
 printf("Total Lines are : % d \n",cnt);
printf("Defore Delete Line : \n");
for(i=0;i<cnt;i++)
printf("%s",p[i]);
if((linenum>cnt)||(linenum<0))
{
printf("Error : Sorry This Line Number is Not Here\n");
return 0;
}
linenum--;
memmove(p+linenum,p+linenum+1,(cnt-linenum)*sizeof(*p));
cnt--;
p=realloc(p,cnt*sizeof(*p));
printf("After Delete Line : \n" );
for(i=0;i<cnt;i++)
printf("%s",p[i]);
fp=fopen(argv[2],"w");
for(i=0;i<cnt;i++)
fputs(p[i],fp);
fclose(fp);
}
Program: Write a program to delete particular digit in entered data.
#include<stdio.h>
int power(int,int);
int check_digit(int,int);
int main()
{
int number,d,temp;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&number);
printf("Enter The Number You Want to be Delete : ");
scanf("%d",&d);
temp=number;
number=check_digit(number,d);
if(temp==number)
printf("Data not Found");
printf("Data After Delelte The Number : %d\n",number);
}
int power(int x, int i)
{
int y=1;
if(i==0)
return 1;
while(i)
{
y=10*y;
i--;
}
 return y;
}

int check_digit(int num,int d)

{
int rem,sum=0,i=0,x=10;
while(num>0)
{
rem=num%10;
if(rem!=d)
{
sum=sum+rem*power(10,i);
i++;
}
num=num/10;
}
return sum;
}
Program: Write a structure to add the data in single linked list.
struct Student * Add(struct Student *ptr)
{
struct Student *newnode=NULL,*temp=NULL;
/*** creation of the node ****/
newnode=calloc(1,sizeof(struct Student ));

if(newnode==NULL)
{
printf("node not created\n");
}
else
{
/*** initialise the node ****/
printf("enter the roll\n");
scanf("%d",&newnode->roll);
printf("enter the name\n");
scanf("%s",newnode->name);
printf("enter the marks\n");
scanf("%f",&newnode->marks);
//newnode->link=NULL to wriiten if we use
//malloc func for creation of node
if(ptr==NULL)// List is empty
{
ptr=newnode; // making newnode as first node
 }
else
{
// if list is already existing , traverse up to last node and link
newnode to last node
for(temp=ptr;temp->link;temp=temp->link);

temp->link=newnode; // linking newnode to last node

}
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a structure to print/display the data in single linked list.
void Display(struct Student *ptr)
{
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("List is empty\n");
return;
}
while(ptr)
{

printf("%d %s %f\n",ptr->roll,ptr->name,ptr->marks);
ptr=ptr->link;
}
}
Program: Write a structure to add data in sorted order in single linked list.
struct Student * Add(struct Student *ptr)
{
struct Student *newnode=NULL,*temp=NULL,*prev=NULL;
/*** creation of the node ****/
newnode=calloc(1,sizeof(struct Student ));

if(newnode==NULL)
{
printf("Node Not Created\n");
}
else
{
/*** initialise the node ****/
printf("Enter The roll : ");
scanf("%d",&newnode->roll);
printf("Enter The Name : ");
scanf("%s",newnode->name);
printf("Enter The Marks : ");
scanf("%f",&newnode->marks);
/* if list is empty or newnode roll is smaller than first node roll ,
adding newnode as first node******/
if(ptr==NULL || newnode->roll < ptr->roll)
{
newnode->link=ptr;
ptr=newnode;
}
else
 { /** if list is empty and newnode roll is greater than first
node roll,then traverse inthe list untill we reach end of the list or until we
come across a value which is greater than newnode roll *********/
prev=ptr;
temp=ptr->link;
while(temp && newnode->roll > temp->roll)
{
prev=temp;
temp=temp->link;
}
prev->link=newnode; //newnode address is assigned to prev
link
newnode->link=temp;
// temp is assigned to newnode link;
/** we are inserting newnode between the prev and temp
nodes****/
}
}
return ptr; // returning first node address
}
Program: Write a program to save the data in single linked list.
void Save(struct Student *ptr)
{
FILE *fp;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("List is empty\n");
return;
}
fp=fopen("Stu","w");
if(fp==NULL)
{
printf("filenot opened\n");
return;
}
while(ptr)
{
fwrite(ptr,1,sizeof(struct Student)-sizeof(struct Student *),fp);
ptr=ptr->link;
}
fclose(fp);
}
Program: Write a program to delete first data in single linked list.
struct Student * Del_first(struct Student *ptr)
{
struct Student *temp=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("List is empty\n");
return ptr;
}
temp=ptr; // first node address assigned to temp
ptr=ptr->link; // making second node as first
free(temp); // deleting first node
temp=NULL;
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete all data in single linked list.
struct Student * Del_All(struct Student *ptr)
{ struct Student *temp=NULL;
while(ptr)
{
temp=ptr;
ptr=ptr->link;
free(temp);
temp=NULL;
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete last data in single linked list.
struct Student * Del_last(struct Student *ptr)
{
struct Student *temp=NULL,*prev=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("list is empty\n");
return ptr;
}
temp=ptr;
while(temp->link)
{
prev=temp;
temp=temp->link;
}
free(temp);
temp=NULL;
if(prev)
prev->link=NULL;
else
ptr=NULL;
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete roll no data in single linked list.
struct Student *Del_roll(struct Student *ptr)
{
struct Student *temp=NULL,*prev=NULL;
int data;
printf("Enter The Data To Be Deleted : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("List Is Empty\n");
return ptr;
}
else if(data==ptr->roll) // matching with first node data
{
temp=ptr;
ptr=ptr->link;
free(temp);
temp=NULL;
}
else
{
temp=ptr->link;
prev=ptr;
// traversing until we find the data or we reached the end of the
list
while(temp && temp->roll!=data)
{
prev=temp;
 temp=temp->link;
}
if(temp==NULL) // if we reach end of the list
{
printf("%d is not found\n",data);
}
else
{
// if data found, linking prev node with next node of temp
prev->link=temp->link;
free(temp); // deleting temp
temp=NULL;
}
}
return ptr; // returning first node address
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the data in single linked list.
struct Student *Reverse(struct Student *ptr)
{
struct Student *prev=NULL,*cur=NULL,*next=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL) // list is empty
{
printf("SLL is empty\n");
// return ptr;
}
else if(ptr->link==NULL)
{
printf("SLL is having only one node\n");
}
else
{
next=ptr;
while(next)
{
prev=cur;
cur=next;
next=next->link;
cur->link=prev; // linking with prevnode
}
ptr=cur;
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to add the data in double linked list.
struct Person * Add_beg(struct Person *ptr)
{
struct Person *newnode=NULL;
newnode=calloc(1,sizeof(struct Person));
if(newnode==NULL)
{
printf("Node Not Created\n");
}
else
{
printf("Enter The Age : ");
scanf("%d",&newnode->age);
printf("Enter The Name : ");
scanf("%s",newnode->name);

newnode->link=ptr; // forward linking

if(ptr)
ptr->prev=newnode; // backward linking
ptr=newnode;
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete first in double linked list.
struct Person * Del_first(struct Person *ptr)
{
struct Person *temp=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is Empty\n");
}
else
{
temp=ptr; // assigning first node to temp
ptr=ptr->link; // moving ptr to next node
if(ptr)
ptr->prev=NULL; // making ptr->prevto NULL
free(temp); // deleting first node
temp=NULL;
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete all data in double linked list.
struct Person * Del_data(struct Person *ptr)
{
struct Person *temp=NULL;
int data;
printf("Enter The Data To be Deleted : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is Empty\n");
}
else if(data==ptr->age)
{
/*temp=ptr;
ptr=ptr->link;
if(ptr)
ptr->prev=NULL;
free(temp);
temp=NULL;*/
ptr=Del_first(ptr);
}
else
{
temp=ptr;
while(temp && temp->age !=data)
temp=temp->link;
if(temp==NULL)
 {
printf("%d is not Found\n",data);
}
else
{
temp->prev->link=temp->link;
if(temp->link)
temp->link->prev=temp->prev;
free(temp);
temp=NULL;
}

}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete last data in double linked list.
struct Person * Dellast(struct Person *ptr)
{
struct Person *temp=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is Empty\n");
}
else
{
for(temp=ptr;temp->link;temp=temp->link);
if(temp->prev)
temp->prev->link=NULL;
else
ptr=NULL;
free(temp);
temp=NULL;
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to display the data in double linked list.
void Display(struct Person *ptr)
{
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is Empty\n");
}
else
{
while(ptr)
{
Printf(Entered Age is : %d\n”,ptr->age);
printf(“Entered Name Is : %s\n",ptr->name);
ptr=ptr->link;
}
}
}
Program: Write a program to reverse the data in double linked list.
struct Person *Reverse(struct Person *ptr)
{
struct Person *temp=NULL,*temp1=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is Empty\n");
}
else if(ptr->link==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is having One Node\n");
}
else
{
temp=ptr;
while(temp)
{
temp1=temp->prev;
temp->prev=temp->link;
temp->link=temp1;
temp=temp->prev; // moving to next node
}
ptr=temp1->prev;
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to display the reverse data in double linked list.
void RDisplay(struct Person* ptr)
{
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("DLL is Empty\n");
}
else
{
for(;ptr->link;ptr=ptr->link);

while(ptr)
{
printf("%d %s\n",ptr->age,ptr->name);
ptr=ptr->prev; // backward traversing
}
}
}
Program: Write a program to add data in circular linked list.
struct Employee * Add(struct Employee *ptr)
{
struct Employee *newnode=NULL,*temp=NULL;

newnode=calloc(1,sizeof(struct Employee));
if(newnode==NULL)
{
printf("Node not Created\n");
}
else
{
printf("Enter The Employ ID : ");
scanf("%d",&newnode->empid);
printf("Enter The Name : ");
scanf("%s",newnode->name);
if(ptr==NULL)
{
// list is empty
ptr=newnode;
newnode->link=ptr;
// newnode->link=newnode
}
 else
{
for(temp=ptr;temp->link!=ptr;temp=temp->link);

temp->link=newnode;
newnode->link=ptr;
/***
newnode->link=temp->link
temp->link=newnode
****/
}
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to delete data in circular linked list.
struct Employee * Del(struct Employee *ptr)
{
int data;
struct Employee *temp=NULL,*temp1=NULL;
printf("Enter The Data To Be Deleted : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("CLL is empty\n");
}
else if(data==ptr->empid)
{
//matching with first node data
temp=ptr;
ptr=ptr->link;
if(ptr==temp) // only single node
ptr=NULL;
else
{
// making second node or next node address to ptr

for(temp1=temp;temp1->link!=temp;temp1=temp1->link);
temp1->link=ptr;
}
 // lastnode link should be updated with lastest first node address
free(temp);
temp=NULL;
}
else
{
temp=ptr;
temp1=ptr->link;
while(temp1!=ptr && data != temp1->empid)
{
temp=temp1;
temp1=temp1->link;
}
if(temp1==ptr)
{
printf("&d is not Found\n",data);
}
else
{
temp->link=temp1->link;
free(temp1);
temp1=NULL;
}
}
return ptr;
}
Program: Write a program to print the data in circular linked list.
void Display(struct Employee *ptr)
{
struct Employee *temp=NULL;
if(ptr==NULL)
{
printf("List is Empty\n");
}
else
{
temp=ptr;
do
{
printf("Employ Id : %d %s\n",temp->empid);
printf(“Employ Name is : %s,”temp->name);
temp=temp->link;
}while(temp!=ptr);
}
}
 Assignment-1
<Question_1> What is compiler? What are the compilation stages?
In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code
written in one programming language (the source language) into another
language (the target language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for
programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to
a lower-level language (e.g., assembly language, object code, or machine code)
to create an executable program.

There are four phases for a C program to become an executable:

• Pre-processing
• Translating
• Assembling
• Linking
Pre-processing:
➢ Header files are replaced by its contents by pre-processor (in place
of #incude statement, files contain will be replaced and #include
statements will be removed)
➢ comments are removed
➢ macro replacement is done by pre-processor
➢ conditional compilation
output of pre-processor is called pure c code (expanded c code). Because it
will be having only c statement, pre-processor directive and comments are
removed.
NOTE - Header files contain declaration of library function but function
body is present in
library file of that function.
NOTE - Header files are written at the top of the program because it
contains declaration of library function which are used in our program, and
function must be declared before they are called.
NOTE - It is not necessary to include header files, but then will have to
define all the function we use in our program by ourself.

Translator:
➢ Check for syntax error
➢ if any error is not found, then converts source code into assembly
code.
Assembler:
➢ convert assembly code into binary code.
Linker:
➢ Links calling function to called function (called function mapping)
- creates _start function, which called main function in our program and _start
also contain proper exit procedure.
NOTE - Giving intermediate filename extension like. i. o. s is necessary, as
they will use by compiler as input. As GCC is not extension independent, it
doesn’t accept input files
with any other extension than it should be having.
NOTE - In GCC function declaration is not strict (undeclared function is not an
error in gcc).
ISO-C has made it a strict rule that any function used in the program must be
declared. No declaration of function results in error.

<Question_2> Is header file inclusion is must? Explain.

Header files contain declaration of library function but function body is present
in library file of that function. Header files are written at the top of the program
because it contains declaration of library function which are used in our
program, and function must be declared before they are called. It is not
necessary to include header files, but then will have to define all the function we
use in our program by ourself.
<Question_3> Write the types of errors. Give example.
Error is an illegal operation performed by the user which result in abnormal
working of program.
1) Compile Time Error.
2) Run Time Error.
1) Compile Time Error:
Prepressing Error: invalid header files name.
invalid comments (nested comments).
Translating Error: syntax error.
Assembling Error: not present (translator converts source
file to assembly file, so if there is no error in translating
stages, its output assembly code will be error free. That
assembly code is used by assembler to generate object code.
So, assembly is always error free).
Linking Error: no main () defined.
function called but not defined.
2) Run Time Error:
- Segmentation fault (due to trying to access or modify that
portion of memory to which our application doesn’t have
permission to)
- floating point exception (diving by 0).

<Question_4> Object files (test.o) and executable file (test.exe) are binary
files. What is the difference between?

Object File (test.o) Executable File (test.exe)

1) The Object files is that is 1) In executable file is a file that
generated after compiling the is generated after linking a set
source code. of object file together using
linker.
2) Test.o is machine friendly file 2) Test.exe is OS friendly i.e
(understandable). (operating system under stable
file).
<Question_5> If function main is not written in a C program, then what
happens? How to create a valid C application without main, explain.
We can write c program without using main () function. To do so, we need to
use #define pre-processor directive. The C pre-processor is a microprocessor
that is used by compiler to transform your code before compilation. It is called
micro pre-processor because it allows us to add macros.

<Question_6> What are tokens in C? Explain with example.

Tokens are the smallest elements of a program, which are meaningful to the
compiler.
The following are the types of tokens: Keywords, Identifiers, Constant, Strings,
Operators, etc.

<Question_7> 7. What is function declaration, definition, call? emonstrate

with example.
1) Function declaration tells the compiler about a function name and how to call
function.
2) A function is a group of statement that together perform a task. Function
definition provides a actual body of function.
3) While creating a c function, you give a definition of what the function has to
do. To user a function, you will have to call that function to perform the defined
task.
4) When a program calls a function, the program control is transferred to the
called function.
#include<stdio.h>
int check_max(int,int); //Function Deceleration
int main()
{
int a=100;
int b=200;
int ret;
ret=check_max(a,b); // Calling Function
printf("Max Value is : %d\n",ret);
}
int check_max(int a,int b) //Called Function
{
int result;
if(a>b)
result=a;
else // Function Body
result=b;
return result;
}
<Question_8> Compare between putchar, puts and printf.

putchar() puts () printf()

1) putchar() prints 1) Puts print string 1) It is most
only character. only (character commonly used
string). function, which
prints all type of
data.

<Question_9> Why C language is preferred in Embedded system?

1) C is middle level language which has simplicity of high level and power
of low-level language.
2) Executable binary compiled in C compiler are compact (smaller) in size
than executable (binary) compiled in C++ and java compilers.
3) Platform independent. i.e., java needs JRE, python need PyCharm but c
does not need any platform.

<Question_10> List the features of C programming language.

➢ Procedural Language.
➢ Fast and Efficient.
➢ Modularity.
➢ Statically Type.
➢ General-Purpose Language.
➢ Rich set of built-in Operators.
➢ Libraries with rich Functions.
➢ Middle-Level Language.
➢ Portability.
➢ Easy to Extend.
 Assignment-2
<Question_1> Convert the following binary numbers to a decimal value:
a) (011011)2 = ()10
b) (101001)2 = ()10
Solution:
a) (011011)2 = (27)10
b) (101001)2 = (41)10

<Question_2> Convert the following decimal numbers to binary:

a) (257)10 = ()2
b) (2048)10 = ()2
c) (87)10 =?
d) (-1)10 =?
e) (-45)10 = ()
Solution:
a) (257)10 = (100000001)2
b) (2048)10 = (100000000000)2
c) (87)10 = (01100111)2
d) (-1)10 = (11111111)2
e) (-45)10 = (010011)2

<Question_3> What will be the equivalent in hexadecimal for the given

binary data:
a) 11101101101
b) 0100010010111
Solution:
a) (0011 1011 01101)2 = (76D)16
b) (0100010010111)2 = (897)16
<Question_4> Convert the following hexadecimal numbers to a binary
number:
a). 0XABCD
b). 0X0F1
Solution:
a) (0xABCD)16 = (1010 1011 1100 1101)2
b) (0x0F1)16 = (0000 1111 0001)2

<Question_5> Convert the following octal number to a binary number:

a) 0111
b) 0777
c)074
Solution:
a) (0111)8 = (001001001)2
b) (0777)8 = (111111111)2
c) (074)8 = (111100)2

<Question_6> Convert the following binary number to an octal number:

a) 100111010
b) 010000001
Solution:
a) (100111010)2 = (100 111 010)8
b) (010000001)2 = (010 000 001)8
<Question_7> Convert the following hexadecimal number to an octal
number:
a) 0X1BC
b)0XFFFF
Solution:
a) (0x1BC) = (0001 1011 1100)8
b) (0xFFFF) = (1111 1111 1111)8

<Question_8> If the variable is declared as given below, then what will be

the exact binary presentation in memory, when the program is being
executed?
a) char ch =’6’;
b) char ch =’a’;
c) char ch =’*’;
d) char ch =’1‘;
e) char ch =98;
f) char ch=127;
g) char ch=128;
h) unsigned char u=127;
i) unsigned char u=128;
j) unsigned char u=255;
k) unsigned char u=256;
Solution:
a) char ch =’6’ = (ASCII – 54) = (110110)2
b) char ch =’a’ = (ASCII – 97) = (1100001)2
c) char ch =’*’ = (ASCII – 42) = (101010)2
d) char ch =’1‘= (ASCII – 1) = (00000001)2
e) char ch =98 = (ASCII – 98) = (1100010)2
f) char ch=127 = (01111111)2
g) char ch=128 = (1000 0000)2
h) unsigned char u=127 = (0111 1111)2
i) unsigned char u=128 = (1000 0000)2
 j) unsigned char u=255 = (0111 1111)2
k) unsigned char u=256 = (0000 0000)2

<Question_9> If the following integer variables are declared, then what will
be exact picture of memory occupied.
a) short int s=50;
b) short int s=-5;
c) short int s=32767;
d) short int s=32768;
Solution:
a) short int s=50 = (110010)2
b) short int s=-5 = (011)2
c) short int s=32767 = (0111 1111 1111 1111)2
d) short int s=32768 = (1000 0000 0000)2

<Question_10> If the integer variables are declared as given below, then

predict the binary presentation in memory.
a) int i=’1’;
b) int j=520;
c) int k=65536;
d) int l=-2;
e) m=-50;
Solution:
a) int i=’1’ = (ASCII – 49) = (110001)2
b) int j=520 = (01000001000)2
c) int k=65536 = (0001 0000 0000 0000 0000)2
d) int l=-2 = (1111111111111111111111111111110)2
e) int m=-50 = (11111111111111111111111111101110)2
 Assignment-3
<Question_1> What is binary equivalent of
i) char ch=’5’;
ii) short int s = -520;
iii) int i = -2;
iv) float f=45.6;
v)double d= -45.6;
Solution:
i) char ch=’5’ = (ASCII – 52) = (110100)2
ii) short int s = -520; = (1111 1101 1111 1000)2
iii) int i = -2 = (1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1110)2
iv) float f=45.6 = (010000100011011001111001100110)2
v)double d= -45.6 = (110000000100)2

<Question_2> What is the range of char, short int, int, long int, float.
Solution:
<Question_3>
main() {
unsigned char a;
a = 0xFF + 1;
printf("%u\n", a);
}
Solution:
test.c: In function ‘main’:
test.c:5:4: warning: unsigned conversion from ‘int’ to ‘unsigned
char’ changes value from ‘256’ to ‘0’ [-Woverflow]
5 | a=0xFF+1;
| ^~~~

<Question_4>
main()
{
int x=10, y=20, z=5, i;
i =x<y<z;
printf("%d\n", i);
}
Solution:
a=1
<Question_5>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
unsigned int x=022;
unsigned int y=0x22;
unsigned int z=022;
printf(“%d\n”,x+y+z);
}
Solution:
Output=70

<Question_6>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=123;
int b=456;
a^=b^=a^=b;
printf("%d %d",a,b);
}
Solution:
a=456
b=123

<Question_7> List of number of unary operators.

Solution:
a) Indirection operator (*)
b) Address-of operator (&)
c) Unary plus operator (+)
d) Unary negation operator (-)
e) Logical negation operator (!)
f) One's complement operator (~)
g) Prefix increment operator (++)
h) Prefix decrement operator (--)
i) sizeof operator

<Question_8>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=10,b;
b=a>=5?100:200;
printf("b=%d\n",b);
}
Solution:
b=100
<Question_9>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("a=%d\n", -1<<4);
printf("b=%d\n", -1 >>2);
printf("c=%x\n", 1<<10);
printf("d=%x\n", 0xFF<<4);
printf("e=%o\n", 034<<2);
}
Solution:
a=-16
b=-1
c=400
d=ff0
e=160
<Question_10>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("a=%d\n", 1<<4>>4);
printf("b=%d\n", 1<<31>>30);
}
Solution:
a=1
b=-2
<Question_11>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
double f=33.3;
int x;
x=(f>33.3)+(f==33.3);
printf("x=%d\n",x);
}
Solution:
x=1

<Question_12>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
unsigned int res;
res=(64 >>(2+1-2))&(~(1<<2));
printf("res=%d\n",res);
}
Solution:
res=32
<Question_13>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int z,x=5,y=-10,a=4,b=2;
z=x++ - --y * --b/a;
printf("res=%d\n",z);
}
Solution:
res=7

<Question_14>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("a=%lu\n",sizeof('\n'));
printf("b=%lu\n",sizeof("5"));
printf("c=%lu\n",sizeof(5.0));
printf("d=%lu\n",sizeof(23.4f));
printf("e=%lu\n",sizeof("23.4f"));
}
Solution:
a=4
b=2
c=8
d=4
e=6
<Question_15>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("a=%d\n",(0x11>11)&&(11>011));
printf("b=%d\n",sizeof(-1)>10);
printf("c=%d\n",23.0>23);
}
Solution:
a=1
b=0
c=0

<Question_16>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=-1,b=0, c=5;
char ch='a';
printf("a=%d\n", (ch>=97)&&(ch<=122));
printf("b=%d\n",(a==0) || (b==0) ||(c==0));
printf("c=%d\n", (a<b)&&(b<c));
}
Solution:
a=1
b=1
c=1
<Question_17>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("a=%d\n",-1&3456);
printf("b=%d\n", -1| 456);
printf("c=%d\n", -1 ^ 789);
printf("d=%d\n", 0&789);
printf("e=%d\n",0&234);
}
Solution:
a=3456
b=-1
c=-790
d=0
e=0
<Question_18>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int bitMask=1;
printf("a=%d\n", 50 & bitMask);
bitMask=32;
printf("b=%d\n",50 & bitMask);
printf("c=%d\n",60 & bitMask);
printf("d=%d\n",70 & bitMask);
bitMask=512;
printf("e=%d\n",525&bitMask);
}
Solution:
a=0
b=32
c=32
d=0
e=512
<Question_19>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int var=50,bit=3;
printf("a=%d\n",var&(1<<3));
printf("b=%d\n",var&(1<<4));
printf("c=%d\n",var&(1<<5));
}
Solution:
a=0
b=16
c=32

<Question_20>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=2,b=4,c=5;
a+=b*=c-=10;
printf("a=%d b=%d c=%d\n",a,b,c);
}
Solution:
a=-18 b=-20 c=-5
 Assignment-4
<Question_1> Write a program to print the type(category) of user supplied
char from stdin. The categories are Numeric/Uppercase/lowercase/special
character.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
puts("Enter a char:");
ch=getchar();
isupper(ch)?printf("ch = %c is Uppercase Character\n",ch):
islower(ch)?printf("ch = %c is Loweercase Character\n",ch):
isdigit(ch)?printf("ch = %c is Numeric character\n",ch):
printf("ch = %c is Special character\n",ch);
}
<Question_2> Write a program to Convert temperature from o C to o F or
vice versa. Your program should show the output as given below. / a.out
1.for centigrade to Fahrenheit
2. for Fahrenheit to centigrade
Enter your choice: 1
Enter temperature in Celsius: 37
37 o C = 98.6 o F
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int choice;
float data,cels,fahr;
printf("Choice 1: To convert Data Celcius to Fahrenheit.\n");
printf("Choice 2: To convert Data Fahrenheit to Temp.\n");
INPUT: printf("Enter Your Choice: ");
scanf("%d",&choice);
switch(choice)
{
case 1 :
printf("Enter Data in celsius : ");
scanf("%f",&data);
fahr=(data*9/5) + 32;
printf("Data in fahrengeit is %f \n:",fahr);
break;
 case 2 :
printf("Enter Data in fahrengeit: ");
scanf("%f",&data);
cels=((data-32)*5)/9;
printf("Data in celcius is %f\n:",cels);
break;

default:
printf("Invalid Choice\n");
goto INPUT;
}
}
<Question_3> Write a program to find the highest of three integers.
Note: If two are equal and higher than the third or appropriate result
should print on screen. all the three variables are equal.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data,rev=0,high=0;
int n;
printf("Enter the data: ");
scanf("%d",&data);
n=data;
while(n!=0)
{
rev=n%10;
if(rev>high)
high=rev;
n=n/10;
}
printf("Highest Number is: %d is %d\n",data,high);
}
<Question_4> Write a program to test the status of a bit in a supplied
integer.
NOTE: user should supply the integer data and bit-position to test.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data,pos;
printf("Enter the number : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Enter the position : ");
scanf("%d",&pos);
((data&(1<<pos))==0)?printf("%d bit is clear\n",pos):
printf("%d bit is set\n",pos);
}
<Question_5> Write a program to set/clear/toggle the supplied bit in a
supplied integer.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int printoutput(int);
int setbit(int,int);
int clearbit(int,int);
int togglebit(int,int);
void printMENU();
int main()
{
int data,bit;
char choice;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);

while(1)
{
printMENU();
printf("Enter Your Choice : ");
scanf("%c",&choice);
printf("Enter the Bit : ");
scanf("%d",&bit);
 switch(choice)
{
case 's' :
printoutput(setbit(data,bit));
break;

case 'c' :
printoutput(clearbit(data,bit));
break;

case 't' :
printoutput(togglebit(data,bit));
break;

default:
printf("Invalid Choice\n");
break;
}
}
}
int printoutput(int data)
{
printf("\t Data in Decimal : %d\n",data);
printf("\t Data in Binary : ");
for(int i=31;i>0;i++)
{
printf("%d",(data>>i)&1);
if(i%8==0)
printf(" ");
}
}

int togglebit(int data, int bit)

{
data=data^(1<<bit);
return data;
}

int clearbit ( int data, int bit)

{
data=data&~(1<<bit);
return data;
}
int setbit(int data, int bit)
{
data=data|(1<<bit);
return data;
}

void printMENU()
{
printf("\nMENU\n\n");
printf("s:\tSet the bit\n");
printf("c:\tClear the bit\n");
printf("t:\tToggle the bit\n");
}
<Question_6> Write a program to swap the two integers.
i)without using third(temporary) variable
ii) you can use temporary variable.
Solution:
i)without using third(temporary) variable
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int b;
printf("Enter 1st number : ");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter 2nd number : ");
scanf("%d",&b);
a^=b^=a^=b;
printf("a=%d b=%d\n",a,b);
}
ii) you can use temporary variable.
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int b;
int temp;
printf("Enter 1st number : ");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter 2nd number : ");
scanf("%d",&b);
temp=a;
a=b;
b=temp;
printf("a=%d b=%d\n",a,b);
}
<Question_7> Convert the case of a supplied alphabet. If user supplied
lowercase, then convert to uppercase and vice-versa.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char ch;
puts("Enter the Character : ");
ch=getchar();
((ch>=65) && (ch<=90)) ? (ch+=32) : (ch-=32);
printf("ch = %c\n",ch);
}
<Question_8> List the unary operators. Also mention the syntax.
Solution:
1) Unary ‘+’ - c=a+b;
2) Unary ‘-’ - c=a-b;
3) Increment operator ‘++’ - c=a++;
4) Decrement operaror ‘--’ - c=a--;
5) Address of operator ‘&’ - printf(“%d”,&a);
6) sizeof operator ‘sizeof()’ - sizeof(int/float/double);
7) Dereferencing opreator ‘*’ -
8) Logical NOT ‘!” - c!=a;
9) Bitwise not ‘~’ - c=~b;

<Question_9> List the bitwise operators with syntax.

Solution:
1) & - Bitwise AND output – operand 1 & operand 2
2) | - Bitwise OR output – operand 1 | operand 2
3) ~ - Bitwise Compliment output – ~ operand 1
4) << - Left Shift output – operand 1 << operand 2
5) >> - Right Shift output – operand 1 >> operand 2
6) ^ - Bitwise Ex-OR output – operand 1 ^ operand 2
<Question_10> Draw flow diagram of the following expressions.
i) A?B?C?D:E:F:G;
ii) A?B:C?D:E?F:G;
iii) A?B?C:D?E:F:G;
Solution:
 Assignment-5
<Question_1> Draw flow diagram “to Count the number of digits” in a
supplied integer. Write a C program based on your flow diagram.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data,i,count=0;
printf("Enter data :");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data==0)
printf("count=1\n");
for(i=data;i;i=i/10)
count++;
printf("count = %d\n",count);
}
<Question_2> Draw flow diagram “to find the Highest digit” in a supplied
integer. Write a C program for the same.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data, temp = 0, large = 0;
printf("Enter A Number:\t");
scanf("%d", &data);
for(;data > 0;data = data/10)
{
temp = data % 10;
if(temp > large)
{
large = temp;
}
}
printf("Largest Digit in the Integer:%d\n", large);
return 0;
}
<Question_3> Write a program to find the 2nd highest digit in a supplied
integer. Note: Use a single loop.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int data,rem,largest=0,Sec_large=0;
printf("Enter the Number :");
scanf("%d",&data);
while(data>0)
{
rem=data%10;
if(largest<rem)
{
Sec_large=largest;
largest=rem;
}
else if(rem>=Sec_large)
Sec_large=rem;
data=data/10;
}
printf("The Second Largest Digit is %d\n", Sec_large);
return 0;
}
<Question_4> Write a program to verify the given integer is palindrome or
not.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int revDigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf(“Enter data to test palindrome: ”);
scanf(“%d”,&data);

if(revDigits(data)==data)
printf(“Palindrome\n”);
else
printf(“Not Palindrome\n”);
}

int revDigits(int data)

{
int rev = 0;
while(data)
{
rev=rev*10+data%10;
data/=10;
}
return rev;
}
<Question_5> W.A.P to calculate sum-of-Odd-digits in an integer.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int sumofodddigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter a Number: ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Sum of Odd Digits: %d\n",sumofodddigits(data));
}

int sumofodddigits(int data)

{
int r,sum=0;
while(data>0)
{
r=data%10;
data=data/10;
if (r%2==1)
sum=sum+r;
}
return sum;
}
<Question_6> W.A.P to verify the digits in an integer are in descending
order or not.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data,preDig,curDig,temp=0;
printf("Enter the data: ");
scanf("%d",&data);
preDig=data%10;
data=data/10;
while(data>0)
{
curDig=data%10;
if(curDig<preDig)
{
temp=1;
break;
}
preDig=curDig;
data=data/10;
}
if(temp==0)
printf("Decresing\n");
else
printf("Not Decreasing\n");
}
<Question_7> Verify the digits in a supplied integer are sorted or not.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int testDec(int);
int testAsc(int);
int main()
{
int data;
int v1,v2,rem=0;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(testAsc(data) || testDec(data))
printf("Sorted\n");
else
printf("Not Sorted\n");
}
int testAsc(int data)
{
int preDig,curDig,temp=0;
curDig=data%10;
data=data/10;
while(data>0)
{
preDig=data%10;
if(preDig>curDig)
{
temp=0;
break;
}
curDig=preDig;
data=data/10;
}
if(data==0) return 1;
else return 0;
}
int testDec(int data)
{
int preDig,curDig,temp=0;
curDig=data%10;
data=data/10;
while(data>0)
{
preDig=data%10;
if(preDig<curDig)
{
temp=0;
break;
}
curDig=preDig;
data=data/10;
}
if(data==0) return 1;
else return 0;
}
 Assignment-6
<Question_1>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int p;
for(p=1;p<10,p--;p=p+2)
printf("Hello");
printf("Hi");
}
Solution:
Infinite loop of Hello

<Question_2>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
for (i=5; ++i; i -=3)
printf("%d \n",i);
}
Solution:
6
4
2
<Question_3>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=0,j=0;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<4;j++)
{
if(i>1)
continue;
printf(" Hi \n");
}
}
}
Solution:
Hi
Hi
Hi
Hi
Hi
Hi
Hi
Hi
<Question_4>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=0,i=0,b;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("in loop: i=%d\n",i);
a++;
if(i==3)
break;
}
}
Solution:
in loop: i=0
in loop: i=1
in loop: i=2
in loop: i=3
<Question_5>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0;i < 5; i++)
if (i < 4)
{
printf("Hello\n");
break;
}
}
Solution:
Hello
<Question_6>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=0;
for(i=0; i<20; i++)
{
switch(i)
{
case 0: i+=5;
case 1: i+=2;
case 5: i+=5;
default: i+=4;
break;
}
printf("%d\n", i);
}
return 0;
}
Solution:
16
21
<Question_7>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
for(n = 7; n!=0; n--)
printf("n = %d\n", n - -);
return 0;
}
Solution:
Infinite Loop of counting numbers

<Question_8>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
unsigned int i=10;
while(i-- >= 0)
printf("i=%u \n",i);
return 0;
}
Solution:
Infinite loop
<Question_9>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 1;
do
{
printf("%d\n", i);
i++;
if (i < 15)
continue;
} while (0);
return 0;
}
Solution:
1
<Question_10>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, j, sum = 0,n;
for(i = 1;i<=n;i++)
for(j=i;j<=i;j++)
sum=sum+j;
printf("%d\n",sum);
}
Solution:
0
<Question_11>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
do
{
i++;
if (i == 2)
continue;
printf("In while loop ");
} while (i < 2);
printf("%d\n", i);
}
Solution:
In while loop 2
<Question_12>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0, j = 0;
for (i; i < 2; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 3; j++)
{
printf("inner loop\n");
break;
}
printf("outer loop\n");
}
printf("after loop\n");
}
Solution:
inner loop
outer loop
inner loop
outer loop
after loop
<Question_13>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
char c = 'a';
while (i < 2)
{
i++;
switch (c)
{
case 'a':
printf("%c ", c);
break;
break;
}
}
printf("after loop\n");
}
Solution:
a a after loop
<Question_14>
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int var=1;
switch(var<<2+var)
{
default:printf("Chennai\n");
case 4: printf("Hyderabad\n");
case 5: printf("Vector\n");
case 8: printf("Bangalore\n");
}
}
Solution:
Bangalore
<Question_15>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 5, y = 2 ;
char op = '*' ;
switch ( op )
{
default : x += 1 ;
case '+' : x += y ;
case '-' : x -= y ;
}
printf("%d",x);
}
Solution:
6
<Question_16>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n=2, sum=1;
switch(n)
{
case 2:sum=sum+2;
printf("sum=%d\n",sum);
case 3:sum*=2;
printf("sum=%d\n",sum);
break;
default : sum=0;
printf("sum=%d\n",sum);
}
}
Solution:
sum=3
sum=6
<Question_17>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=9;
switch(i)
{
printf("hello");
case 9 : printf("abc");
break;
default : printf("def");
}
}
Solution:
abc
<Question_18>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 65;
switch(i)
{
case 65:
printf("Integer 65");
break;
case 'A':
printf("Char 65");
break;
default:
printf("Bye");
}
}
Solution:
test.c: In function ‘main’:
test.c:10:1: error: duplicate case value
10 | case 'A':
| ^~~~
test.c:7:1: note: previously used here
7 | case 65:
<Question_19>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0;
while(i < 3, i = 0, i < 5)
{
printf("%d ",i++);
}
}
Solution:
Infinite loop with 0

<Question_20>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=011,i;
for(i=0;i<x;i+=3)
{
printf("Start ");
continue;
printf("End");
}
return 0;
}
Solution:
Start Start Star
 Assignment-7
<Question_1> Write a program to reverse bits of a given integer number.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int bit;
int i,j;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
printf("\n");
for(i=31,j=0;i>j;i--,j++)
{
if(((data>>i)&1) != ((data>>j)&1))
{
data=data^(1<<i);
data=data^(1<<j);
}
}
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
printf("\n");
}
<Question_2> Write a program to count pair of set bits in a given number.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int setBitPairs(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Set Bit Pairs are : %d\n",setBitPairs(data));
}
int setBitPairs(int data)
{
int cnt=0,bit=31;
while(bit>0)
{
if((((data>>bit)&1)==1)&&(((data>>--bit)&1)==1))
{
cnt++;
--bit;
}
else
--bit;
}
return cnt;
}
<Question_3> Write a program to print longest series of 1’s in given
integer set bits.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int bin,data,cnt=0,flag=0,bit;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
bin=(data>>bit)&1;
if(bin==1)
{
cnt++;
}
if(cnt==2)
{
flag++;
cnt=0;
}
if(bin==1)
{
continue;
}
}
for(bit=31;bit>=0;bit--)
{
 printf("%d",(data>>bit)&1);
if(bit%8==0)
printf(" ");
}
printf("\n");
printf("Count is : %d\n",flag);
}
<Question_4> Write a program to make arrangement to list the numbers
the sum of digits, reduce to single digit is 9.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int min,max;
int data;
int sum=0;
int temp;
printf("Enter The Min Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Mix Digit : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
{
temp=data;
while(temp)
{
sum=sum+temp%10;
temp/=10;
}
if(sum>9)
{
temp=sum;
sum=0;
while(temp)
{
 sum=sum+temp%10;
temp/=10;
}
}
if(sum==9)
printf("%d, ",data);
}
printf("\n");
}
<Question_5> In the above program make arrangement, to list only
numbers which are ascending-order-digits.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int testDigits(int);
int testAsc(int);
int main()
{
int min,max;
int data;
printf("Enter The Min Value : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter The Max Value : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
if(testDigits(data)==9)
if(testAsc(data))
printf("%d, ",data);
}
int testDigits(int data)
{
int sum=0;
while(data)
{
sum=sum+data%10;
data/=10;
}
return sum;
}
int testAsc(int data)
{
int curDig;
int preDig=9;
while(data)
{
curDig=data%10;
if(curDig>preDig)
return 0;
preDig=curDig;
data/=10;
}
if(data==0)
return 1;
else
return 0;
}
<Question_6> Write a program to print the factorial of a given integer.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data,i,fact=1;
printf(“Enter the data: “);
scanf(“%d”,&data);
for(i=data;i;i--)
fact*=i;
printf(‘factorial = %d\n”,fact);
}

<Question_7> Write a program to print the Fibonacci series up to a given

count.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
a=0,b=1,c,max;
printf(“Enter the max number: “);
scanf(“%d”,&max):;
printf(“0, 1, “);
for(c=a+b;(c=a+b)<=max;a=b,b=c)
printf(“%d, “,c);
}
<Question_8> Write a program to test the supplied integer is prime or not.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
int data,s,i;
printf(“Enter The Integre Number :”);
scanf(“%d”,&data);
s=sqrt(data);
for(i=2;i<=s;i++)
{
if(data%i==0)
break;
}
if(i==(s+1))
printf(“Prime”);
else
printf(“Not Prime”);
}
<Question_9> List the prime numbers within a supplied range.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int testPrime(int);
int main()
{
int data;
int min,max;
printf(“Enter min number : ”);
scanf(“%d”,&min);
printf(“Enter max number : “);
scanf(“%d”,&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
{
if(testPrime(data)==1)
printf(“%d”,data);
}
}
int testPrime(int data)
{
int i;
for(i=2;i<data;i++)
{ if(data%i==0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
}
<Question_10>In the above program make arrangement to list those prime
numbers, which are sorted(digit-wise), ascending or descending, both valid.
Solution:
#include<stdio.h>
int testPrime(int);
int testDec(int);
int testAsc(int);
int testDigits(int,int);
int main()
{
int data;
int max,min;
printf("Enter min data : ");
scanf("%d",&min);
printf("Enter max data : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
for(data=min;data<=max;data++)
{
if(testPrime(data)==1)
if(testDigits(data,5))
if(testAsc(data)||testDec(data))
printf("%d",data);
}
}
int testPrime(int data)
{
int i;
for(i=data;i<data;i++)
{
if(data%i==0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
}

int testAsc(int data)

{
int preDig,curDig;
preDig=9;
while(data)
{
curDig=data%10;
if(curDig>preDig)
{
return 0;
}
preDig=curDig;
data/=10;
}
return 1;
}
int testDec(int data)
{
int preDig,curDig;
preDig=0;
while(data)
{
if(curDig<preDig)
{
return 0;
}
data/=10;
}
return 1;
}

int testDigits(int data, int digit)

{
while(data)
{
if(data%10==digit)
return data;
data/=10;
}
return 0;
}
 Assignment-8
<Question_1>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,flag=1;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
{
if(i%2==0)
flag=0;
else
flag=1;
for(j=1;j<=i;j++)
{
printf("%d ",flag);
flag=!flag;
}
}
}
Output:
1
01
101
0101
10101
<Question_2>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<i) ? printf(" ") : printf("* ");
}
Output:
*****
****
***
**
*
3)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,B,n;
int f;
char ch;
printf("Enter The N : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(a=0;a<n;a++,printf("\n"))
{
f=1;
ch=65;
for(b=-(n-1);b<n;b++)
{
if(b<0)
B=-b;
else
B=b;
if(B<=a)
{
if(f==1)
{
printf("%c",ch++);
f=0;
}

else
 {
printf("*");
f=1;
}
}
else
{
printf(" ");
}
}
}
}

Output:
Enter The N: 5
A
A*B
A*B*C
A*B*C*D
A*B*C*D*E
5)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,c,n,f=1;
char ch=65;
printf("Enter The Number N : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(a=1;a<=n;a++,printf("\n"))
{
f=1;
for(b=1;b<=n;b++)
{
if(b<=(n-a))
printf(" ");
else if(f==1)
{
printf("%c",ch);
f=0;
}
else if(b==n)
{
printf("*%c",ch);
}
else
{
printf("**");
}
}
ch++;
}
}
Output:
Enter The Number N : 5
A
B*B
C***C
D*****D
E*******E
6)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,n;
printf("Enter The N : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(a=n;a>0;a--,printf("\n"))
for(b=1;b<=a;b++)
{
if(a%2==0)
printf("*");
else
printf("%d",a);
}
}

Output:
Enter The N : 5
55555
****
333
**
1
7)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=i;j--)
printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=i+1;j++)
printf("* ");
}

*****
****
***
**
*
**
***
****
*****
8)
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=1;j<=5;j++)
(j<i)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
for(i=1;i<=4;i++,printf("\n"))
for(j=5;j>=1;j--)
(j>i+1)?printf(" "):printf("* ");
}
Output:

*****
****
***
**
*
**
***
****
*****
 Assignment-9
<Question_1> Define function in C. List the types of function. What are the
benefits of using more functions in a C program?
A function is a block of statements that performs a specific task.
Types of functions:
1) Predefined standard library functions
2) User Defined functions

Why we need functions in C:

Functions are used because of following reasons –
a) To improve the readability of code.
b) Improves the reusability of the code, same function can be used in any
program rather than writing the same code from scratch.
c) Debugging of the code would be easier if you use functions, as errors are
easy to be traced.
d) Reduces the size of the code, duplicate set of statements are replaced by
function calls.
<Question_2> What is actual and formal argument?
Actual arguments: The arguments which are mentioned in the function call is
known as the actual argument. For example:
function (12, 23); //here 12 and 23 are actual arguments.
Actual arguments can be constant, variables, expressions etc.
function (a, b); // here actual arguments are variable
function (a + b, b + a); // here actual arguments are expression

Formal Arguments: Arguments which are mentioned in the definition of the

function is called formal arguments. Formal arguments are very similar to local
variables inside the function. Just like local variables, formal arguments are
destroyed when the function ends.
int factorial (int n)
{
// write logic here
}
Here n is the formal argument. Things to remember about actual and formal
arguments.
<Question_3> Explain memory partitions in an executable and in process.
Before executing of program start, stack allocated for its by operating system.
Stack size depends on operating system.

LIFO (Last in First Out Stack) contains:

Stack 1) Function return address
2) Formal Arguments
3) Local Variable

Heap used for dynamic memory allocation. It is not allocated

its free section of memory.
Heap

Contains 2 section
1) Test Section: Text section contains binary equivalent
a.out of code contains all user defined function bodies.
2) Data Section: contains global and local variable.

Whenever the function called stack frame is created in stack section. Stack
frame for the function contains local variable defined function, formal
arguments, and function return address.

<Question_4> Can a function return more than one data? If needed to

return more than one data, how to arrange?
In C, we cannot return multiple values from a function directly.
We can return more than one values from a function by using the method called
“call by address”, or “call by reference”. In the invoker function, we will use
two variables to store the results, and the function will take pointer type data.
So, we have to pass the address of the data.
<Question_5> What is the role of stack in function call?
1) When program execution starts, main stack frame is created. Local
variable, formal arguments and return address are present in stack from,
when function is called from main function stack frame is created and
return address is pushed in stack shown.
2) In same way when the function is called, their stack frame is created,
when a function is collapse, its stack frame is also collapse, that means,
local variable present int that function, formal argument also collapses
3) When function is called again, its stack frame is created again, meaning
local variable formal arguments will also be created again.

<Question_6> What is recursion?

The function called itself call recursion, or recursive function.

<Question_7> Compare recursion with loop? Give example where loop is

better than recursion. Also give example where recursion is better than
loop.
Recursion Loops
1) A method of calling a function 1) A control structure that allows
itself within the same function. executing a block of code
repeatedly within the program.
2) Execution is slower. 2) Execution is faster.
3) Stack is used to store the local 4) Stack is not used.
variable when function is
called.
4) If there is no termination condition, 4) If the condition never become
then it can be infinite loop. false, it will be an infinite loop.
5) More Readable. 6) Less Readable.
7) Space complexity is higher. 8) Space complicity is lower.
<Question_8> Write a program to calculate sum of digits of a supplied
integer. Create function named int sumOfDigits(int), to return the sum of
digits of a supplied integer.
i) calculate using loop
ii) calculate using recursion.

#include<stdio.h>
int sumofDigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Sum of Digit of %d is %d\n",data,sumofDigits(data));
}

int sumofDigits(int data)

{
int sum=0;
int rem;
while(data>0)
{
rem=data%10;
sum=sum+rem;
data/=10;
}
return sum;
}
ii) calculate using recursion.

#include<stdio.h>
int sumDigits(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Sum of Digit in %d is %d\n",data,sumDigits(data));
}

int sumDigits(int data)

{
if(data/10==0)
return data;
return (data%10+sumDigits(data/10));
}
<Question_9> Calculate factorial of a supplied integer. Create function
named fact of prototype “unsigned long int fact (unsigned int);”
i)using loop
ii)using recursion.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int data;
int fact=1;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(int i=data;i;i--)
fact*=i;
printf("Factorial is : %d\n",fact);
}
ii)using recursion.

#include<stdio.h>
int fact(int);
int main()
{
int data;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
printf("Factorial Of %d is %d\n",data,fact(data));
}
int fact(int data)
{
if(data==0)
return(1);
else
return(data*fact(data-1));
}
<Question_10> Print Fibonacci series up to a specified value. Use function
named fib of prototype int fib(int); The function fib should return
Fibonacci value associated with supplied number. For example: fib (1) is 0
fib (2) is 1 fib (5) is 3

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int max;
int a=0,b=1;
int c;
printf("Enter The Max Number : ");
scanf("%d",&max);
printf("0, 1, ");
for(c=a+b;(c=a+b)<=max;a=b,b=c)
printf("%d, ",c);
printf("\n");
}
#include<stdio.h>
int fib(int);
int main()
{
int data,i;
printf("Enter The Data : ");
scanf("%d",&data);
for(i=0;i<data;i++)
printf("%d, ",fib(i));
printf("\n");
}

int fib(int data)

{
if(data==0 || data==1)
return(1);
else
return(fib(data-1)+fib(data-2));
}
 Assignment-10
Predict the output of the following code snippets.
<Question_1>
#include<stdio.h>
int f(int);
int main()
{
int i=3,val;
val=f(i+=2)+f(i=1)+f(i++);
printf("Val=%d i=%d\n",val,i);
return 0;
}
int f(int num)
{
return num*5;
}
Solution:
Val=35 i=2
<Question_2>
#include<stdio.h>
int func(int i)
{
if(i%2)return 0;
else return 1;
}
int main()
{
int i=3;
i=func(i);
i=func(i);
printf("%d\n",i);
}

int counter(int i)
{
static int count=0;
count=count + i;
return(count);
}

int main()
{
int i, j;
for(i=0;i<=5;i++)
j=counter(i);
printf("%d", j);
 }
Solution:
test.c:22:5: error: redefinition of ‘main’
22 | int main()
| ^~~~
test.c:7:5: note: previous definition of ‘main’ was here
7 | int main()
| ^~~~
<Question_3>
#include<stdio.h>
int func(int);
int main ()
{
int x,y;
y=5;
x=func(y++);
(x==5)?printf(" True\n "):printf(" False\n " );
}

int func(int z)
{
if(z==6)
return 5;
else
return 6;
}
Solution:
False
<Question_4>
#include<stdio.h>
int f(int);
int main()
{
int x;
x = 3;
f(x);
printf("MAIN\n");
}

int f(int n)
{
printf("F\n");
if (n != 0)
f(n-1);
}
Solution:
F
F
F
F
MAIN
<Question_5>
#include<stdio.h>
int find(int);
int main()
{
int a=5;
a=find(a+=find(a++));
printf("%d\n",a);
}

int find(int a)
{
return(a++);
}
Solution:
11
<Question_6>
#include<stdio.h>
void fn(int,int);
int main()
{
int a=5;
printf("in main: %d %d\n",a++,++a);
fn(a,a++);
}

void fn(int a,int b)

{
printf("fn: %d ,%d\n",a,b);
}
Solution:
in main: 6 7
fn: 8 ,7
<Question_7>
#include<stdio.h>
int fn(int v)
{
if(v==1 || v==0)
return 1;
if(v%2==0)
return fn(v/2)+2;
else
return fn(v-1)+3;
}

int main()
{
printf("%d\n",fn(7));
}

Solution:
11
<Question_8>
#include<stdio.h>
int x=5;
void print()
{
printf("%d\n",x--);
}
int main()
{
print();
}
Solution:
5
<Question_9>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n=10;
int func(int);
printf("%d\n",func(n));
}

int func(int n)
{
if(n>0)
return(n+func(n-2));
else return 0;
}
Solution:
30
<Question_10>
#include<stdio.h>
int cap(int);
int main()
{
int n;n= cap(6);
printf("%d\n",n);
}

int cap(int n)
{
if(n<=1) return 1;
else return(cap(n-3)+cap(n-1));
}
Solution:
9
<Question_11>
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num = _a_123(4);
printf("%d", --num);
return 0;
}
int _a_123(int num)
{
return(num++);
}

Solution:
3
<Question_12>
#include<stdio.h>
int function(int, int);
int main()
{
int a = 25, b = 24, c;
printf("%d ", function(a + 2, b + 3));
}

int function(int x, int y)

{
return (x - (x == y));
}
Solution:
26
C Assessment HE6
(By Shashank & Varlakxmi Ma’am.)

Q1. Output of following code.

Void main()
{
Unsigned char I = 65,j;
For(j=0;j<8;j++)
{
Printf(“%d”, i&(0x80>>j) ? 1 :0);
}
}

Answer-> 01000001
Explanation -> for j=0 --- 65 & (0x80>>0) - 01000001 (65)
& 10000000 (128)
00000000 (0)  i.e. false so 0 will print 1st
For j=1 -- 65 & (0x80>>1) - 01000001 (65)
10000000>>1 ---------- 01000000 (64)
01000000 (64)--- i.e. True so it will print 1

For j=2 -- 65 & (0x80>>2) - 01000001 (65)

10000000>>2 ---------- 00100000 (32)
00000000 (0) --- i.e. False so it will print 0

For j=3 -- 65 & (0x80>>3) - 01000001 (65)

10000000>>3 ---------- 00010000 (16)
00000000 (0) --- i.e False so it will print 0

For j=4 -- 65 & (0x80>>4) - 01000001 (65)

10000000>>4 ---------- 01001000 (8)
00000000 (0) --- i.e. False so it will print 0
 For j=5 -- 65 & (0x80>>5) - 01000001 (65)
10000000>>5 ---------- 01000100 (4)
00000000 (0) --- i.e. False so it will print 0

For j=6 -- 65 & (0x80>>6) - 01000001 (65)

10000000>>6 ---------- 00000010 (2)
00000000 (0) --- i.e. False so it will print 0

For j=7 -- 65 & (0x80>>7) - 01000001 (65)

10000000>>1 ---------- 00000001 (1)
00000001 (1) --- i.e. True so it will print 1

Q2. Output of Following Code?

int main()
{
unsigned char x = 0x14;
x = (x>>4 | x<<4);
printf(“%c %d %x %o”,x,x,x,x);
}

Answer -> A 65 41 101

i.e 0x14 is 20 in decimal --- 0001 0100 (20)
20>>4 0100 0001 (65)
20<<4 0100 0001 (65)
| (or) 0100 0001 (65) so it will print 65 in Ascii Dec Hex & Octal.
Q3. Output for Following Code?
int main()
{
char a = ‘A’;
Int x = 41;
Float b = 2.3;
Void *ptr;
ptr = &a;
printf(“%c”,*ptr);
ptr = &x;
printf(“%d”,*ptr);
ptr = &b;
printf(“%f”,*ptr);
}

Answer - Any Garbage Vale of Char Interger & Float

Explanation - As void *ptr; did not assigned to NULL, so it will initially have any Garbage Value.

Q4. Output of Code?

int main()
{
int x=10,y=20,z;
z = (x++ || --y);
printf(“%d %d %d”,x,y,z);
}

Answer -- 11 20 1
Explanation --- x++ || --y i.e. 10 || 20 (--y Will not checked) but or will only check left to right if
left value is true output is true i.e. 1
So z = 1, x = 11, y =20
Q5. Predict the output?
int main()
{
float a=5.0,b=5.0;
int c;
c = a|b;
printf(“%d\n”,c);
}

Answer-- Compiler Error

Explanation -- we cannot perform bit wise operation on float & double.

Q6. Output of code?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;i++<10;);
printf("%d\n",i);
}

Answer - 11
Explanation -- for loop will execute till i<10 so when it break I will be 10 & we use i++ so 11 will be final
output.
Q7. Predict the output?
#include<stdio.h>
union t
{
unsigned char x;
unsigned b0:1;
unsigned b1:1;
unsigned b2:1;
unsigned b3:1;
unsigned b4:1;
unsigned b5:1;
unsigned b6:1;
unsigned b7:1;
};
int main()
{
union t v={0x34};
unsigned temp;

temp = v.b7; v.b7=v.b0; v.b0=temp;

temp = v.b6; v.b6=v.b1; v.b1=temp;
temp = v.b5; v.b5=v.b2; v.b2=temp;
temp = v.b4; v.b4=v.b3; v.b3=temp;
printf("%x",v.x);
}

Answer -- 34
Explanation --- All assignment operation has been performed on bit field so no change happens there.
Q8. Output of code?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("%d %d\n",sizeof('a'),sizeof("ab"));
}

Answer - 4 3
Explaination  sizeof the character literal is char. In C the type of character literal is integer (int). So
in C the sizeof('a') is 4 for 32bit architecture,
 It is also looks like char constant i.e ascii value of ‘a’ is integer i.e 4 byte.
Sizeof(“ab”) -- a b ‘\0’ i.e 1+1+1 === 3

Q9.output of code?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[] = {10,20,30,40,50};
printf("%d\n",&arr[4]-&arr[1]);
}

Or---
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char str[]="vector";
 printf("%d\n",&str[4]-&str[1]);
}

Answer -- 3

Explanation --
0th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
10 20 30 40 50
1004 1008 1012 1016 1020

&arr[4] -- 1020

&arr[1] -- 1004
1016 i.e. 3rd
Or.
Str+4 – (str+1)
Str+4-str-1
4-1 = 3.

Q10. Output of Below Code?

int main()
{
int a=356;
char *p;
p = &a; // if p=a; then Segment fault.
printf("%d\n",*p);
}

Answer -- 100

Explanation  356 -- 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 0110 0100
Char *p will store only 1 byte i.e. MSB------ 0110 0100 (100)
Q11. Output Prediction?
#include<stdio.h>
struct var{
int x;
char a[100];
};
int main()
{
struct var v;
v.x = 10;
v.a = "abcd";
printf("%d\n",v.x);
printf("%s\n",v.a);
}

Answer - Compiler Error.

Explanation --- Assign with = operator not possible we have to use strcpy() or strcat().

Q12. Predict the output?

int main()
{
float a=5.0,b=5.0;
int c;
 c = a&b; // if any of bit wise operator is used then error.
printf(“%d\n”,c);
}

AnswerCompiler Error
Explanation we cannot perform bit wise operation on float & double.

Q13. Predict Output?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=5;
if(i=3)
printf("Hello");
else
printf("hai");
}

Answer  Hello
If (i=3) here we used assignment operator so it will always be true.
So it prints “Hello”.

Q14. Output of code?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=0;
while(i++<10);
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer -- 11
While(i++<10)---- it will execute this till <10
i.e while(0<10) (i=1)--
while(1<10) (i=2)
while(2<10) (i=3)
while(3<10) (i=4)
while(4<10) (i=5)
while(5<10) (i=6)
while(6<10) (i=7)
while(7<10) (i=8)

while(8<10) (i=9)
while(9<10) (i=10)
while(10<10) Loop break here, but I will increment so, i=11

Q15 Output of code?

#include<stdio.h>
struct st
{
int data;
char *ptr;
};
int main()
{
char s1[] = "abcd";
struct st V;
V.data = 10;
strcpy(V.ptr,s1);
printf("%d %s",V.data,V.ptr);
}
Answer --- 10 abcd

Q16 Output predict?

#include<stdio.h>
struct st
{
int data=20;
char str[20];
};
int main()
{
struct st V;
printf("%d %s",V.data,V.ptr);
}

Answer -- Compiler Error.

Explanation ---
 We cannot assign any value inside the structure block,
 Structure is data type which is used to assign every time new value so we cannot fix or make it assign to
any value.

Q17. Compilation Command to each stage?

Answer
1. Preprocessor –
 Gcc -E <filename.c>
Eg. Gcc -E hello.c
2. Translator –
Gcc -s <filename.c>
Eg. Gcc -s hello.c
3. Assembler –
Gcc -c <filename.c>
Eg. Gcc -c hello.c
4. Linker --
Gcc <filename.c>
Eg. Gcc hello.c

Q18. Application of signed char?

Answer-
 We can use it as in 8051 need to store baud rate some time its positive or negative. So to store that we
need signed char.

Q19. Difference between sizeof & strlen ?

Answer ---
Parameter Sizeof Strlen
Type Unary Operator Pre-Defined Function
Data Type Sizeof gives actual size of any type of Get the actual length of char of
Supported data (allocated) in bytes (including the array/str
null values)
Evolution Time sizeof() is a compile-time expression Strlen on the other hand, gives
giving you the size of a type or a you the length of a C-style
variable’s type. NULL-terminated string.

Q20. Difference between memcpy & strcpy?

Answer--
 memcpy() function is use to copy a specified number of bytes from one memory to another. Whereas,
strcpy() function is use to copy the contents of one string into another string.
 memcpy() function acts on memory rather than value. Whereas, strcpy() function acts on value rather
than memory.

Q21. Preprocessor Stages?

Answer---
 it is the 1st stage in compilation stages.
 It performs preprocessing of the High Level Language(HLL).
 Task of Preproccessor --
1. Comment Removing.
2. File Inclusion
3. Macro Expansion / replacement.

Q22. Void Pointer & Application?

Answer-
 A void pointer is a pointer that has no associated data type with it. A void pointer can hold address of
any type and can be typcasted to any type.
 Use
 Malloc() and calloc() return void * type and this allows these functions to be used to allocate memory of
any data type (just because of void *).
 Void pointers in C are used to implement generic functions
I.e. eg. Comparator in qsort().
 Limitation
o Pointer arithmetic cannot be performed in a void pointer.

Q23. Features of storage class?

Answer --
 A storage class represents the visibility and a location of a variable. It tells from what part of code we
can access a variable.

 A storage class is used to describe the following things:

 The variable scope.
 The location where the variable will be stored.
 The initialized value of a variable.
 A lifetime of a variable.
 Who can access a variable?

 Type of Storage Class->

 1. Auto
2. Extern
3. Static
4. Global
5. Register

Q24. When to use for loop & While Loop?

Answer -
 For Loop--
 Use a for loop to iterate over an array.

 Use a for loop when you know the loop should execute n times.

 While Loop-
 Use a while loop for reading a file into a variable.

 Use a while loop when asking for user input.

 Use a while loop when the increment value is nonstandard.

Q25. Difference Between While & Do-While Loop?

Answer ->
While Do-While
Condition is checked first then statement(s) is Statement(s) is executed at least once, thereafter
executed. condition is checked.
It might occur statement(s) is executed zero times, At least once the statement(s) is executed
If condition is false.
No semicolon at the end of while. Semicolon at the end of while.
while(condition) while(condition);
While loop is entry controlled loop. Do-while loop is exit controlled loop.
i.e. while(condition) i.e. do {
{ statement(s);
statement(s); }while(condition);
}
If there is a single statement, brackets are not Brackets are always required
required.
Variable in condition is initialized before the Variable may be initialized before or within the
execution of loop. loop.

Q26. Difference between Internal Linkage & External Linkage?

Answer 
 Internal Linkage
 In this type the variable/identifier scope can be used within the file.
 We cannot use the variable/Identifier of other file inside current file.
 Implemented by “static” keyword followed by identifier.

 External Linkage
 In this type the variable/identifier scope can be used within the file as well as inside other / outer
file.
 Implemented by “extern” keyword followed by identifier.

Q27. Difference between SLL & DLL?

Answer->
SLL DLL

It content single Self-Referential structure It content 2 Self-Referential structure Pointer.

Pointer. i.e. struct st *next,*prev.
I.e. struct st *next.
1st node connected to next node In this
1st node connected to next node & prev must be
connected 1st node.
Reverse, Search, Delete sometimes become Reverse, Search, Delete becomes easier
complicated
We have to maintain or use temp pointer There is no need to maintain temp pointer
(*temp) in almost all function (*temp).
I content It Content
Data & Address of Next Node Address of prev node, Data, & Address of next
node
Q28. Range & size of Data Type?
Answer -
Data Type Range Size
Signed char -128 to 127 1 byte
Unsigned char 0 to 255 1 byte
Signed short int -32768 to 32767 2 byte
Unsigned short int 0 to 65535 2 byte
Signed int -2g to 2g (-2,147,483,648 to 4 byte
2,147,483,647)
Unsigned int 0 to 4g (0 to 4,294,967,295) 4 byte
Signed long int 9223372036854775808 to 8 byte (4 for 32 bit)
9223372036854775807
Unsigned long int 0 to 18446744073709551615 8 byte
Float 1.2E-38 to 3.4E+38 4 byte
Double 2.3E-308 to 1.7E+308 8 byte
Long Double 3.4E-4932 to 1.1E+4932 10 byte

Q29. Structure vs union

Answer -
Parameter Structure Union
Definition A structure is a user-defined data type A union is a special data type
available in C that allows to combining available in C that allows storing
data items of different kinds. different data types in the same
memory location
Keyword Keyword “struct” is used to define Keyword “union” is used to define
structure. structure.
Size Is the sum of sizeof of all structure Is the sizeof largest member on
members union.
Memory Each member in structure is assigned All member of union get shared
allocation with unique storage area. memory.
Dependency There is no dependant member in Union members are dependent on
structure as each member get unique each other, as it get shared memory.
memory
Accessing Individual members can be accessed at Only one members accessed at a
member a time time

Q30. Uses of structure over union

Answer-
For Structure-
 To store different types of data at one place i.e. can be accessed using a single variable name.
 To implement almost all ADTs (data structures) like :
a. lists
b. queue
c. stack
d. trees
e. graphs
 You can create a database using an array of struct
 In fact you can perform all operations on structures which you do on any primitive data type.
For union –
 used to implement pseudo-polymorphism in C,
 Useful feature is the bit modifier.
 Used as space optimizer.

Q31 Difference between “/” and “%” and their uses. “%” is used using what data types.
Answer -
 For “%”
 % is a modulo operator , It give remainder of two numbers on division as result and discard quotient and
gives an integer
 Eg. 11%4=3
 11/4 => 11–(4*2) => 11–8 = 3, remainder is 3 as it is less than 4.
 Application ->
1. It is used as format specifier I.e. (%c/d/x/o/s/f etc)
2. In so many code like prime number, getting reminder of division.
 It can be used with char,int but it cannot be used with Float & double

 For “/”
 “/” is a division operator, it give quotient of two numbers on division as result and gives a floating point
number.
 Eg. 11/4=2.75
 11/4 => 11–(4*2) => 11–8 = 3 => 3/4= 0.75. so quotient is 2.75
 On integer type casting Result will be 2 and on double or float result will be 2.75.
  Application--
1. To get last digit of integer.
2. In arithmetic Division.
3. Used in commenting

Q32. Void pointer, prototype, declaration, example program.

Answer -
 A void pointer is a pointer that has no associated data type with it. A void pointer can hold address of
any type and can be typcasted to any type.

 Prototype –
Void ptr_name;
Eg. Void *ptr;

 Example –
int a=20;
char b = ‘x’;
void *ptr = &a;
ptr = &b;

Q33. Why do we use void pointer when we can explicitly type cast a point even when it is
declared using another data type. For example (consider an int pointer we can use this
pointer somewhere else in the program by type casting it to float. So what is the use of a
void pointer when we have this type of facility available in C?)
Answer--
Void pointer --
 It is a pointer which can hold the address of any data type.
 Speciality of these pointer is it does not take/occupy any kind of memory until we didn’t assigned it.
 Above point make this a special & different whereas in other hand other pointer take / occupy memory
when it declared.
I.e. For Normal Pointer---
Int a=10;
Int *ptr; //It takes 4byte memory as it is of int type.
For Void Pointer------
Int a=10;
 Void *ptr; //Do not take / occupy memory.
Ptr = &a; //now it take 4byte for int. & implicitly typcasted to int.

Q34. Enum uses.

Answer
o When there is integer constant is used in your program and you want assign some name to that constant
enum are used.

Q35. Var pointer, Void pointer, dangling pointer, null pointer: prototypes, difference and
uses?
Answer->
Var Pointer Void Pointer Dangling Pointer NULL Pointer
It is normal pointer. It is a pointer which can It is a case where pointer It is a pointer where we
hold address of any data can use unallocated can avoid the problem of
type. memory location & dangling pointer.
perform unexpected
behaviour.
Used in almost all Can be Used as alternate To avoid dangling or
application in c where we of general pointer. wild behaviour of
use call by reference pointer.
concept.
We might require to No need to type cast it in
maintain type casting of gcc as it implicitly type
pointer for appropriate cast it.
situation. Some time it requires to
typecast.
Prototype- Prototype- Prototype- Prototype-
Data_type *ptr_name; Void *ptr_name; Int a=20; Int a=20;
Int *ptr=&a; Int *ptr = &a;
Free(ptr); Free(ptr);
Here now ptr content Ptr = NULL;
some garbage value & Now this is NULL
act unexpected called pointer.
dangling.

Q36. Difference between Malloc and Realloc?

Answer 
Malloc Realloc
This function allocates a size Realloc is used to change the size of
byte of memory. memory block on the heap.
Initially after allocation it will Initially if there is existing value then till
contain garbage value. will be copied & allocate rest to NULL.

It cannot be used like realloc. If pointer passed to realloc is null, then it

will behave exactly like malloc.
If the size passed is zero, and ptr is not
NULL then the call is equivalent to free.
Prototype- Prototype-
(type *) malloc(sizeof(type)); (datatype *) realloc (ptr_name,size_t);

Q37. Difference between static allocation and dynamic allocation along with some
practical examples.
Answer ---
Static Allocation Dynamic Allocation
variables get allocated permanently Variables get allocated only if your
program unit gets active.
Static Memory Allocation is done Dynamics Memory Allocation is done
before program execution. during program execution.
It uses stack for managing the static It uses heap for managing the dynamic
allocation of memory allocation of memory
It is less efficient It is more efficient
there is no memory re-usability there is memory re-usability and
memory can be freed when not required
Once the memory is allocated, the When memory is allocated the memory
memory size cannot change. size can be changed.
we cannot reuse the unused memory This allows reusing the memory
Execution is faster than dynamic Execution is slower than static memory
memory allocation. allocation.
In this allocated memory remains In this allocated memory can be
from start to end of the program. released at any time during the program.

 Practical Example for Static Allocation-

It is basically used for “ARRAY”.
Eg. Int arr[5]; //Here size of array declared statically.

 Practical Example for Dynamic Allocation-

It is basically used for “Link-List”, “Tree”, ”Circular Queue.” , etc
Eg. Struct st *newnode = NULL;
Newnode = calloc(1,sizeof(struct st)); //Here newnode will get allocated Dynamically.
We Can Also Use malloc, realloc.

Q38. Type of storage classes available and their uses. Which storage class is used for a
faster programming and y?
Answer --
 Storage Classes are used to describe the features of a variable/function. These features basically include
the scope, visibility and life-time.
 There are 4 storage class.

Auto Extern Static Register

This is the default Extern storage class Static variables have The only difference between auto
storage class for all simply tells us that a property of & Register is that the compiler
the variables. the variable is defined preserving their value tries to store these variables in
elsewhere and not even after they are the register of the microprocessor
out of their scope! if a free register is available.
 within the same block
where it is used
Can be only accessed they can be accessed Global static Can be only accessed within the
within the between two different variables can be block/function they have been
block/function they files which are part of accessed anywhere in declared and not outside them.
have been declared a large program the program.
and not outside them. in multiple files.
new memory is new memory is no new memory is new memory is allocated because
allocated because allocated because allocated because they are not re-declared
they are not re- they are not re- they are not re-
declared declared declared
They are assigned a They are assigned a They are assigned a They are assigned a garbage
garbage value by Zero Value by default zero value by default value by default whenever they
default whenever whenever they are whenever they are are declared.
they are declared. declared. declared.
Used In very Whenever we need to
programming. change the variable in
(knowingly or overall program
unknowingly)
Extern variable is If a free register is not available,
nothing but a global these are then stored in the
variable initialized memory only.
with a legal value
where it is declared in
order to be used
elsewhere.
Medium Speed Medium Speed Good Speed Faster in speed

 Register storage class is faster than all storage class.

 Because it uses Register which used inside the microprocessor for faster operations.
 There are very few Register available inside microprocessor, so we need to use this very carefully.

Q39. Difference between malloc and calloc?

Answer --
Malloc Calloc
This function allocates a size byte Calloc is used to change the size of
of memory. memory block on the heap.
Initially after allocation it will Initially after allocation it will
contain garbage value. content NULL.
It cannot be used like calloc It cannot be used as malloc.
Prototype- Prototype-
(type *) malloc(sizeof(type)); (data_type *) calloc (num,size_t);
Q40. Difference between an array and pointer?
Answer =>
Parameter Array Pointer
Definition Collection of same data element with It are address variable which holds
contagious memory allocation the address of any variable.
Sizeof operator It prints the array size. It print the size of ptr i.e. 4/8 depends
i.e. no of element * sizeof(datatype) on os.
Assignment Array cannot store address of variable Pointer stores the address of variable.

Iteration array elements can be navigated using Pointer can give access to array
indexes using [], elements by using pointer arithmetic.
i.e, arr[0],arr[1],etc i.e, array[2] == *(p+2)

Q41.Difference between if else and conditional compilation. (#if#else#endif)

Answer
 If- Else –
 It is base on true false condition.
 It is more readable than Conditional compilation equation.
 Syntax
If(true)
{
Statement;
}
Else
{
Statement;
}
 Efficient.
 It take more space in programming compared to conditional compilation.
 Execution is slow compared to conditional compilation.

 Conditional compilation—
 It is also based on true-false condition.
 It is in equation form, so complex than if-else.
 Syntax.
Condition ? statement1 : statement2;
I.e. Condition ? ( if true ) execute statement1 : else execute statement2;
 More Effective & Efficient.
 It takes less size as it is a equation only.
 Execution is faster than if-else.
Q42. Difference between r+ & w+ mode of file Handling.
Answer
 r+ Mode—
 read/write mode.
 Open a text file for update.
 neither deletes the content nor create a new file if it doesn't exist.
 Data stored at initially beginning of file 1st line.
 w+ Mode –
 read/write mode.
 Open a text file for update.
 First truncating the file to zero length if it exists or creating the file if it does not exist.
 Data stored at initially beginning of file 1st line.
 Deletes the content of the file and creates it if it doesn’t exist.

Q43. Difference between fprintf vs fwrite.

Answer 
 Fprintf ---
 It refer to normal later format (human readable format). i.e.
Decimal/char/float/double.
 It is a predefined function.
 Fprintf will copy content of str pointer into file pointed by file pointer.
 Prototype
Int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);
Stream – This is the pointer to a FILE object that identifies the stream.
Format – Fornat specifier (%c/d/x/o/f etc), size(how many byte to be stored),
str_pointer(copy content of str into file)
 If successful, the total number of characters written is returned otherwise, a
negative number is returned (-1).

 Fwrite ---
 It refers to binary format. Data stores into Binary or machine language format.
 It is also a predefined function.
 Fprintf will copy content of str pointer into file pointed by file pointer in binary
format.
 Prototype
Size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);
 Parameters
 o Ptr – This is the pointer to the array of elements to be written.
o Size – This is the size in bytes of each element to be written.
o Nmemb – This is the number of elements, each one with a size of size bytes.
o Stream – This is the pointer to a FILE object that specifies an output stream.
 This function returns the total number of elements successfully returned as a
size_t object, which is an integral data type. If this number differs from the
nmemb parameter, it will show an error.

Q44. Difference between break & return.

Answer-
 Break –-
 It will break the currently running block or loop, & come out of it.
 Break are used mostly inside loops & switch case.
 Break name itself gives idea about its behaviour.
 Return ---
 It will terminate all execution of currently running block or function, & go return
back to where function call is happens.
 It mostly used with function.
 Function must be declares its return type.
 If return type is not present then return will not work, it throws an error.

Q45. Difference between object code & executable code.

Answer
 Object Code —
 Object Code is the code in which no extra library file are linked.
 It is less in size compared to Executable cade.
 It can be taken after Assembler stage.
i.e. gcc -c filename.c //we will get (.o) file.
 It is in binary format.
 It can be used for debugging using objdump.

 Executable Code –
 Code is the code in which extra library file are linked.
 It is large in size compared to Object cade.
 It can be taken after Linker stage.
i.e. gcc filename.c //we will get (.out or .exe) file.
 It is in binary format.
 It can be used for debugging using objdump & gdb.
Q46. What is DMA?
Answer-
 Dynamic Memory Allocation is the term refer to give memory to an variable or pointer.
 It totally work on heap area.
 In this method variable or pointer get memory block to store the assigned value to that
variable.
 There are 4 type of DMA.
1. Malloc --- allocate memory to variable & assign garbage by default.
2. Calloc ---- allocate memory to variable & assign zero by default.
3. Realloc --- allocate or update the memory size of variable. It can be increased or
decreased.
4. Free --- de allocate the allocated memory.

Q47. What is constant pointer? & its uses?

Answer-

Q48. What are the header files?

Answer-
 Headerfile are those file which content the predefined definitions of various functions.
 It is default present inside the computer in predefined directory.
 It can be included from current directory too.
 There are lots of headerfile arr present in gcc.
 This inclusion of headerfile take place at pre-proccessor stage.
 Syntax for inclusion of headerfile.
 #include<headerfile.h> // it get included form predefined directory.
 #include”headerfile.h” //it included forn current directory

Q49. Array to Pointer & Pointer to Array? Its Example?

Answer-
 Array to Pointer ---
o It is a array of Pointer variable.
 o It consist of pointer which holds address of variable.
o Collection of same type of pointer variable.
o Syntax-
Int arr[5] = {ptr1, ptr2 , ptr3, ptr4, ptre5};
Array arr[5] content ptr.

 Pointer to Array ---

o it is a pointer to array.
o It hold the address of array, which content the variable.
o Pointer can be char, int, double, float.
o Syntax.
Int arr[5] = {1,3,4,5,6};
Int *ptr = arr;

Q50. Prototyoes
Answer
 Printf()
 Int printf(char *format, arg1, arg2, …);
 Printf converts, formats, and prints its arguments on the standard output. It returns the
number of characters printed.

 Scanf()
 Int scanf(const char *format, …);
 Read from stdin.
 The function returns the total number of items successfully matched, which can be
less than the number requested. If the input stream is exhausted or reading from it
otherwise fails before any items are matched, EOF is returned.

 Strlen()
 Int strlen(const char *str);
 The strlen() function calculates the length of a given string.The strlen() function is
defined in string.h header file. It doesn’t count null character ‘\0’.
 Return: This function returns the length of string passed.
 It is defined in the string.h header file.

 Strcpy()
 Char* strcpy(char* destination, const char* source);
  Strcpy() is a standard library function in C/C++ and is used to copy one string to
another. In C it is present in string.h header file and in C++ it is present in cstring
header file.
 Return Value: After copying the source string to the destination string, the
strcpy() function returns a pointer to the destination string.
 It is defined in the string.h header file.

 Strncpy()
 Char *strncpy( char *dest, const char *src, size_t n );
 At most n bytes of src are copied. If there is no NULL character among the first n
character of src, the string placed in dest will not be NULL-terminated. If the
length of src is less than n, strncpy() writes additional NULL character to dest to
ensure that a total of n character are written.
 Return Value: It returns a pointer to the destination string.
 It is defined in the string.h header file.

 Strcat()
 Char *strcat(char *destination, const char *source);
 The strcat() function concatenates the destination string and the source string, and
the result is stored in the destination string.
 It is defined in the string.h header file.
 Return Value : This function returns a pointer to the resulting string dest.

 Strncat()
 Char *strncat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n);
 This function appends not more than n characters from the string pointed to by src
to the end of the string pointed to by dest plus a terminating Null-character. The
initial character of string(src) overwrites the Null-character present at the end of
string(dest).
 Return Value: The strncat() function shall return the pointer to the string(dest).

 Strcmp()
 Int strcmp(const char *leftStr, const char *rightStr );
 Strcmp() is a built-in library function and is declared in <string.h> header file. This
function takes two strings as arguments and compare these two strings
lexicographically.
 This function can return three different integer values based on the comparison:
o Zero ( 0 ): A value equal to zero when both strings are found to be identical.
o Greater than zero ( >0 ): A value greater than zero is returned when the first not
matching character in leftStr have the greater ASCII value than the corresponding
character in rightStr.
 o Less than Zero ( <0 ): A value less than zero is returned when the first not
matching character in leftStr have lesser ASCII value than the corresponding
character in rightStr.

 Strncmp()
 Int strncmp( const char* lhs, const char* rhs, size_t count );
 The strncmp() function in C++ compares a specified number of characters of two
null terminating strings. The comparison is done lexicographically.
 It is defined in <cstring> header file.
 The strncmp() function returns a:
o Positive value if the first differing character in lhs is greater than the corresponding
character in rhs.
o Negative value if the first differing character in lhs is less than the corresponding
character in rhs.
o 0 if the first count characters of lhs and rhs are equal.

 Memcpy()
 Void *memcpy(void *dest, const void * src, size_t n);
 Copies n characters from memory area src to memory area dest.
 This function returns a pointer to destination, which is str1.

 Memmove()
 Void *memmove(void *str1, const void *str2, size_t n);
 Copies n characters from str2 to str1, but for overlapping memory blocks,
memmove() is a safer approach than memcpy().
 This function returns a pointer to the destination, which is str1.

 Fprintf ()
 Int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);
 Sends formatted output to a stream.
 If successful, the total number of characters written is returned otherwise, a
negative number is returned.

 Fscanf()
 Int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, …);
 Reads formatted input from a stream.
 This function returns the number of input items successfully matched and assigned,
which can be fewer than provided for, or even zero in the event of an early
matching failure.

 Fputs()
  Int fputs(const char *str, FILE *stream);
 Writes a string to the specified stream up to but not including the null character.
 This function returns a non-negative value, or else on error it returns EOF.

 Fgets()
 Char *fgets(char *str, int n, FILE *stream);
 Reads a line from the specified stream and stores it into the string pointed to by str.
It stops when either (n-1) characters are read, the newline character is read, or the
end-of-file is reached, whichever comes first.
 On success, the function returns the same str parameter. If the End-of-File is
encountered and no characters have been read, the contents of str remain
unchanged and a null pointer is returned.
 If an error occurs, a null pointer is returned.

 Fwrite()
 Size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);
 Writes data from the array pointed to, by ptr to the given stream.
 This function returns the total number of elements successfully returned as a size_t
object, which is an integral data type. If this number differs from the nmemb
parameter, it will show an error.

 Fread()
 Size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);
 Reads data from the given stream into the array pointed to, by ptr.
 The total number of elements successfully read are returned as a size_t object,
which is an integral data type. If this number differs from the nmemb parameter,
then either an error had occurred or the End Of File was reached.

Q51. WAP to find the min and max numbers in an array.

Answer
#include<stdio.h>
Void Sort(int *p);
Int main()
{
Int i=0,n,min;
Int arr[5];
 For(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
Puts(“Enter the numbers:”);
Scanf(“%d”,&arr[i]);
}
Puts(“Elements of Array”);
For(int j=0;j<5;j++)
Printf(“%d”,arr[j]);
Printf(“\n”);
N=arr[0];
For(int j=1;j<5;j++)
{
If(n<arr[j])
N = arr[j];
}
Min=arr[0];
Int temp;
For(int j=1;j<5;j++)
{
If(min>arr[j])
Min = arr[j];
}
Printf(“Largest no is: %d\n”,n);
Printf(“Smallest No is: %d\n”,min);
}
Q52. WAP to delete a substring from a main string.

Q53. WAP to insert insertion sort?

Answer--
#include<stdio.h>
void Sort(int *p);
int main()
{
int i=0,n;
int arr[5];
for(i=0;i<5;i++) {
puts("Enter the numbers:");
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
puts("Before Sort");
for(int j=0;j<5;j++)
printf("%d",arr[j]);
printf("\n");
Sort(arr);
}
void Sort(int *p)
{
int temp;
int j;
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
{
 temp=p[i];
j=i-1;
while(j>=0)
{
if(temp<p[j])
{
p[j+1]=p[j];
j--;
}
else
break;
}
p[j+1]=temp;
}
puts("After Soting:");
for(int x=0;x<5;x++)
printf("%d",p[x]);
printf("\n");
}

Q54. WAP to generate vowels from a string?

Q55. WAP to find the highest value from an array using 1 loop.
Answer --
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=0,n;
int arr[5];
for(i=0;i<5;i++) //This loop is only taken for getting array assigned if we don’t
want this for loop we can use
arr[] = {5,7,9,5,1}; & ignore this loop.
{
puts("Enter the numbers:");
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
}
n=arr[0];
for(int j=1;j<5;j++)
{
if(n<arr[j])
n = arr[j];
}
printf("Largest no is: %d\n",n);
}
Q56. WAP to print binary equivalent of float using union.
Answer ---
#include<stdio.h>
union t{
float f;
struct st{
unsigned int mentisa:23; //Bit field of 23 bit for mantissa part.
unsigned int exponant:8; //Bit Field of 8 bit for exponent part.
unsigned int sign:1; //Bit filed of 1 bit for signed part
}row;
}u;

int main()
{
union t v;
puts("Enter Floating Real Value:");
scanf("%f",&v.f); //Getting Real Value Here
printf("Binary Form is: ");
printf("%d ",v.row.sign); //1st Printing Signed bit of Real value

/* For Exponent part */

for(int i=8;i>=0;i--) //loop for printing binary value till 8 bit
{
if((v.row.exponant >> i) & 1) //if exponant of real value (in binary) is true then print 1
printf("1");
 else
printf("0");
}

/* For Mentisa Part */

for(int i=23;i>=0;i--)
{
if((v.row.mentisa >> i) & 1)
printf("1");
else
printf("0");
}
printf("\n");
}
Q57. WAP to delete all nodes of circular linked list.
Answer--- Delete_all (For Circular Single Link List)
Struct st {
Int data;
Struct st *next;
};
Struct st *Delete_all(struct st *p)
{
struct st *temp=NULL,*temp1=NULL;
if(p == NULL)
{
puts("No Data Found");
return 0;
}
else
{
temp1 = p;
do{
temp = p;
p = p->next;
free(temp);
temp = NULL;
}while(p!=temp1);
free(p);
 free(temp1);
temp1=NULL;
p= NULL;
}
return p;
}