Climate Change Adaptation

Beyond Green Carbon: The 3rd International Symposium
Climate Change Adaptation

and Mitigation with
Mangrove Ecosystems
Introducing Mangrove Ecosystems
Strategies to the Climate Change Agenda
29 April 2024 | CIFOR-ICRAF Headquarters, Bogor, Indonesia
Coastal and mangrove vulnerability assessment

In the Northern Coast of Java, Indonesia
Phidju M. Sagala, Rupesh K. Bhomia, Daniel Murdiyarso
Climate Change Adaptation and 29 April 2024 | CIFOR-ICRAF Headquarters, Bogor, Indonesia
Mitigation with Mangrove Ecosystems
Beyond green c arbon: 3Photo

rd
by: Phidju
international M. Sagala202 4
symposium
What is coastal adaptation? Climate change adaptation

Coastal adaptation involves adjusting our practices in response to
and mitigation with
current climate impacts as well as future predictions. mangrove ecosystems
Introducing mangrove ecosystems
Anthropogenic factors (logging for aquaculture, strategies to the climate change agenda
mangrove conversion to oil palm, etc) are the main
causes of the global decline in mangrove areas 29 April 2024, 09:00 AM –15:30 PM (GMT+7) | Amazon Room, CIFOR
(Richards & Friess, 2016).
Estimated annual mangrove loss rates were 0.26% - 0.66%

from 2000 to 2012, with Indonesia having one of the highest
mangrove loss rates (Hamilton & Casey, 2016).
Why are we evaluating the coast? Background — particularly on Jeju Island, w

and range expanding incremen
Mangroves, which are distinct f orests in coastal and adaptable to both intertidal zon
Efforts to reduce climate change impact while addressing estuarine saline w etlands of tropical and subtropical
regions, are pivotal in addressing the climat e crisis.
lack the t ypical mangrove traits
seed ger mination. Despit e this,
underlying causes (Islam et al., 2016) Comprising various species, these ecosyst ems are
categorized into ‘exclusive’ (true mangroves) and ‘non-
for carbon absor ption and clima
A recent predictive study demo
exclusive’ (semi- mangroves or mangrove associates). expansion of the distribution of
True mangroves excel in saline environments, with Asia, including the possible est
specialized adaptations like aerial roots for oxygen in Korea, owing to climate chan
Our objectives
• Predefine the extent to which
each variable contributes to
the vulnerability index in the
study area, and
• Provide an overall coastal
and mangrove vulnerability
outcome
Banten : 19.95 km (42 grids)
Demak : 102.94 km (78 grids)
Banyuwangi : 37.03 km (35 grids)
Each research location has different

coastal area characteristics based on
the parameters observed.
Sagala et al., 2024

Beyond green c arbon: 3 rd international symposium 202 4
Conceptual Framework Climate change adaptation

and mitigation(1)
CVI = √(a*b*c*d*e*f*g)/n with
The equation for calculating the vulnerability index
coastal and mangrove (Islam et al., 2016; MVI = √(a*b*c*d*e*f*g*h)/n (2)
mangrove ecosystems
Mahmood et al., 2020)
CVI: Coastal Vulnerability Indexmangrove
Introducing | MVI: Mangrove Vulnerability Index
ecosystems
strategies to the climate change agenda
29 April 2024, 09:00 AM –15:30 PM (GMT+7) | Amazon Room, CIFOR
Background — particularly on Jeju Island, w

Sagala et al., 2024 estuarine saline w etlands of tropical and subtropical lack the t ypical mangrove traits
regions, are pivotal in addressing the climat e crisis. seed ger mination. Despit e this,
Comprising various species, these ecosyst ems are for carbon absor ption and clima
categorized into ‘exclusive’ (true mangroves) and ‘non- A recent predictive study demo
The results – Each physical parameters
Shoreline changes rate
Banten
-2.21 m/yr
Demak
-8.96 m/yr
Banyuwangi
+0.36 m/yr
Sagala et al., 2024

The results - CVI
Sagala et al., 2024

The results - MVI
Sagala et al., 2024

What are the adaptive
measures at each site?
Adaptation strategy (Western et al., 2011)
• Avoid • Managed retreat • Loss acceptance
• Hold the line • Accommodate

Banten Demak Banyuwangi
Photo by: Phidju M. Sagala


Beyond green c arbon: 3 rd international symposium 202 4
Key Message
Climate change adaptation
and mitigation with
• In order (very vulnerable
mangrove – very low
ecosystems
vulnerable), the results obtained
Introducing mangrove ecosystems
are: strategies to the climate change agenda
Demak – Banten - Banyuwangi.
29 April 2024, 09:00 AM –15:30 PM (GMT+7) | Amazon Room, CIFOR
• Mangroves have an important role

in the survival of humans and
nature.
Background — particularly on Jeju Island, w

estuarine saline w etlands of tropical and subtropical lack the t ypical mangrove traits
regions, are pivotal in addressing the climat e crisis. seed ger mination. Despit e this,
Comprising various species, these ecosyst ems are for carbon absor ption and clima
categorized into ‘exclusive’ (true mangroves) and ‘non- A recent predictive study demo
Thank you!
[email protected]
CIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR-ICRAF harnesses the power of trees, forests and agroforestry landscapes

to address the most pressing global challenges of our time - biodiversity loss,
climate change, food security, livelihoods and inequity.

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Beyond Green Carbon: The 3rd International Symposium