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Practice Sheet #4-6

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21 views5 pages

Practice Sheet #4-6

Uploaded by

Shilpa Thakur
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Department of Materials Science and Engineering

MSE626 Transport Phenomena


Combined Practice Sheet #4-6: Heat Transfer

Numerical Questions
Q.1. A spherical shaped vessel of 1.4 m diameter is 90 mm thick. Find the rate of heat leakage, if
the temperature difference between the inner and outer surface is 220 ℃. Thermal conductivity of
the material of the sphere is 0.083 W/m℃.
(Hint: Use the Fourier Law: Q/A = -k (dT/dr), Put A = 4πr2, put limits of r1 and r2 to get relation
between Q and r. Calculate Q.)

Figure 1 (Question 1)
Q.2. Hot water flows through a glass tube of inner radius 3 cm and outer radius 5 cm. The
temperature of inner and outer surface of the tube are respectively, 90 ℃ and 85 ℃and the mean
thermal conductivity of the glass is 0.84 W/m.K.
(i) Calculate the rate of heat loss from tube per unit length, qrˊˊ
(ii) By how much is the rate of heat loss decreased if the wall thickness of the tube is doubled.
(Hint: qrˊˊ = Qr/L. Calculate qr by Fourier Law integration. Q/A=-k(dT/dr), put A = 2πrL, integrate
with limits of r1 and r2. Calculate Qr/L.)

Q.3. A furnace wall consists of 200mm layer of refractory bricks, 6 mm layer of steel plate and a
100mm layer of insulation bricks. The maximum temperature of the wall is 1150 °C on the furnace
side and the minimum temperature is 40 °C on the outmost side of the wall. An accurate energy
balance over the furnace shows that the heat loss from the wall is 400W/m2. It is known that there
is a thin layer of air between the layers of refractory bricks and steel plate. Thermal conductivities
for the three layers are 1.52, 45 and 0.138 W/moC respectively, Find:
(i) To how many mm of insulation brick is the air layer?
(ii) What is the temperature of the outer surface of the steel plate?
(Hint: Composite wall relations, use Area= constant)

Q.4. The thermal conductivity (K) of a solid slab varies with temperature as: k=18.4 + 0.07 T
where, K is in W/ (m.K) and T has the unit in degree Celsius. Heat flows under steady state by
conduction through the slab having a thickness 0.1m; the left face of the slab is maintained at
100℃ while the right face at 0℃. Calculate:
(i) The heat flux through the left face of the slab.
(ii) The variation of T with distance through the slab
(iii) Temperature at x=0.05m
(Hint: Use Fourier Law, apply the value of k, determine a relation between T and x)

Q.5. Two tall steel ingots (40cmX40cmx200cm) are placed side by side (separated by a distance
of 100 mm) inside a reheat furnace maintained at 1200 °C. At any instant of time one ingot
(INGOT A) has a temperature of 800 °C and the other (INGOT B) has a temperature of 300 °C. If
the emissivity of steel is 0.8, calculate net rate of heat received by Ingot A. The adjacent ingot
surfaces are flat and vertical and view factor for the flat surface = 0.6.

Q.6. Consider a person standing in a room maintained at 22°C at all times. The inner surfaces of
the walls, floors, and the ceiling of the house are observed to be at an average temperature of 10°C
in winter and 25°C in summer. Determine the rate of radiation heat transfer between this person
and the surrounding surfaces if the exposed surface area and the average outer surface temperature
of the person are 1.4 m2 and 30°C, respectively. The emissivity of the person is 0.95.
Assumptions
1. Steady operating conditions exist.
2. Heat transfer by convection is not considered.
3. The person is completely surrounded by the interior surfaces of the room.
4. The surrounding surfaces are at a uniform temperature.

Q.7. In a production facility, large brass plates of 4 cm thickness that are initially at a uniform
temperature of 20°C are heated by passing them through an oven that is maintained at 500°C. The
plates remain in the oven for a period of 7 min. Taking the combined convection and radiation heat
transfer coefficient to be h =120 W/m2 °C, determine the surface temperature of the plates when
they come out of the oven. Given: k = 110 W/m °C, ρ = 8530 kg/m3, Cp = 1.04 kJ/kg °C and α =
33.9 x 10-6 m2/s
Figure 7.1 (Diagram for Question 7)

Figure 7.2 Heisler Chart for the given system. (Diagram for Question 7)

Q.8. A long 20-cm-diameter cylindrical shaft made of stainless steel 304 comes out of an oven at
a uniform temperature of 600°C. The shaft is then allowed to cool slowly in an environment
chamber at 200°C with an average heat transfer coefficient of h=80 W/m2°C. Determine the
temperature at the center of the shaft 45 min after the start of the cooling process.
Given: k = 14.9 W/m °C, ρ = 7900 kg/m3, Cp = 477 J/kg °C and α = 3.95 x 10-6 m2/s

Figure 8.1 (Diagram for Question 8)


Figure 8.2 Heisler Chart for the given system (Diagram for Question 8)

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