Perform Basic Maintenance

Performance Standard:.

 Lubricants are identified according to types of equipment.

 Tools and equipment are lubricated according to preventive maintenance
schedule or manufacturer’s specifications.
 Measuring instruments are checked and calibrated in accordance with
manufacturer’s instructions.
 Tools are cleaned and lubricated according to standard procedures.
 Defective equipment and tools are inspected and replaced according to
manufacturer’s specification.
 Work place is cleaned and kept in safe state in line with OSHC regulation

Let Us Try!
Let us determine how much you already know about Performing
Basic Preventive maintenance. Take this test.

A. Directions: Match the cleaning solvents in Column A with their

corresponding uses in Column B. Write the letter of your answer in the space
provided before each number.

Column A Column B
____1. Gasoline a. It is used to wash dust in the floor, walls.
____2. Kerosene b. It is used to wash/clean benches, tables,
cabinets,etc.
____3. Thinner c. It is used to remove dust, grease oil,
paint, etc
____4. Water d. It is used to wash greasy tools/
equipment.
____5. Detergent Soap and e. It is used to remove spilled paint on the
water floor, walls and tools.
B. Directions: Choose the best answer from the choices given and write letter
of your answer on the space before each number.

_________1. An action to clean your work place thoroughly so that there is no

dust on floor, machines and equipment?

a. sorting b. sweeping c. sanitizing d. self-discipline

_________2. A condition of training people to follow cleaning disciplines

independently.

a. sorting b. sweeping c. sanitizing d. self-discipline

_________3. An action to identify and eliminate all unnecessary items from your
work place and dispose them.

a. sorting b. sweeping c. sanitizing d. self-discipline

_________4. An action to arrange or put every necessary item in good order so

that as they can be easily picked for use. ‖ A place for everything,
everything is in place.

a. sweeping b. systematizing c. sanitizing d.

sorting
_________5. A condition of maintaining high standard of cleaning and workshop
organization at all times.

a. sweeping b. systematizing c. sanitizing d.

sorting

Let Us Study

Clean and Lubricate Tools

What is Lubricant?

A lubricant is a substance, usually organic, introduced to reduce friction

between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat
generated when the surfaces move. It may also have the function of
transmitting forces, transporting foreign particles, or heating or cooling the
surfaces.
Types of Lubricants:

Description Pictures
 loosen rusted
Anti-rust lubricant part
spray:  cleans and
protect
 drives out
moisture
 stops squeaks
 free sticky
mechanisms
 does not damage
Wire Pulling Lubricant: insulation cling to
wire and dries to
a slippery film
 suitable for use
with wire or cable
covered with
rubber (tthw,
thhn, etc
 lubricating the
Lubricant Oil and gear
Engine Oil: cleans and
protect
drives out
moisture

Silicon Lubricant:  heat stable

lubricates
protects reduces
friction water
repellent

A good lubricant possesses the following characteristics:

 High boiling point.

 Low freezing point.
 High viscosity index.
 Thermal stability.
 Corrosion prevention.
 High resistance to oxidation.
Types and Kinds of Cleaning Solvents

Solvent is a component of a solution that dissolves solute and is usually

present in large proportion or amount. It can be classified as polar and
nonpolar. Polar solvents are solvents which dissolve/are soluble in water; while
nonpolar solvents are solvents which do not dissolve/are insoluble in water.

Solvents are usually used for cleaning in workshops. They are water,
gasoline, kerosene, thinner and detergent soap.

The table below shows the kinds of cleaning solvent based on their solubility in
water.

Cleaning Solubility in Polar Nonpolar

Solvents Water

Water Soluble

Gasoline Insoluble

Kerosene Insoluble

Thinner Insoluble

Detergent soap Soluble

Uses of Cleaning Solvents

Solvent Uses
Gasoline Wash greasy tools/ equipment.
Kerosene Remove dust, grease oil, paint, etc.
Thinner Remove spilled paint on the floor, walls and tools.
Water Wash dust in the floor, walls, etc.
Detergent soap Wash/clean benches, tables, cabinets, etc.
A. Proper tool and Equipment Maintenance:

Keep the Tools and equipment’s Clean Dust and grime can bring your power
tools to a grinding halt if left unchecked over time.

i. How to Clean

 Submerge the tools in the washing pan.

 Use paint brush to remove the dirt from the tools.
 Wipe them clean with a rag after every job has been completed and
then store them.
 Deep clean periodically by using a damp cloth.
 Get into exhausts and intakes and other hard-to-clean areas with
lightly oiled cotton swabs or other slender tools.
 Use an air compressor or a can of compressed air to blow air into
vents and crevices is the best way to remove dirt and dust from
inside tools.
 For tools that use filters, replace the filters as specified by the
manufacturer’s instructions.

ii. Lubricate The Moving Parts of the Tools and Equipment.

Keep moving parts lubricated for premium performance. Not only does it
keep the mechanics of a tool running smoothly, it also decreases the chance of
rust developing. While common machine oil is a good choice, consult your
owner’s manual to see if the manufacturer recommends or requires a specific
type of oil.

Purpose of Lubricating:

Lubricating Performs the key Functions:

o Keep the movable part apart

o Reduces friction
o Transfer heat
o Carries away contaminant and debris
o Transmit power
o Protects against wear
o Prevent corrosion
The Following features contribute to safety and economic lubricating
machine tools:

 You will most often use a tool (grease gun, oiler, or grease pump)
especially designed to put the lubricant into the equipment through a
lubrication fitting.
 Plates on the machine clearly show the grades of lubricants, quantities
and intervals are required. The machine name, type and model should be
visible
 Prepare proper level lubrication
 Suitable method should be followed to minimize or prevent metal-to-
metal contact at all times.
 Sufficient lubricant capacity is needed to prevent overheating and
thermal distortion of machine tools structures.
 Adequate sealing should be properly observed. Install provision from
removal of contaminant collected by the lubricant.

What I Need to Remember

When choosing a metal cleaning solution, you will need to consider a number
of factors, including:

 Type of material you are cleaning

 Your metal cleaning method of choice and existing equipment
 Compliance with health and environmental regulations
 Storage needs
 Recovery and recycling options
 Product availability
 Price and budget
 Observe Periodic Preventive and Maintenance of Electrical
Tools and Equipment

What Is Periodic Preventive Maintenance?

Periodic Preventive maintenance refers to maintenance action performed to

keep or retain a machine/equipment or asset in a satisfactory operating
condition through periodic inspections, lubrication, calibration, replacements
and overhauls

What Does Preventive Maintenance Include?

Preventive maintenance involves the systematic inspection of equipment where

potential problems are detected and corrected in order to prevent equipment
failure before it happens. In practice, a preventive maintenance schedule may
include things such as cleaning, lubrication, oil changes, adjustments, repairs,
inspecting and replacing parts, and partial or complete overhauls that are
regularly scheduled.

What Are the Benefits of Preventive Maintenance?

 Prolonged life of company equipment

 Less unplanned downtime caused by equipment failure
 Less unnecessary maintenance and inspections
 Fewer errors in day-to-day operations
 Improved reliability of equipment
 Fewer expensive repairs caused by unexpected equipment failure that
must be fixed quickly
 Reduced risk of injury
How to Maintain Electrical Tools and Equipment

1. Clean your tools. Cleaning the tools regularly is essential to their proper
functioning. After a day of work, your tools will be covered with some
amount of dirt. It’s important to clean them after you’re finished using
them. Although a thorough cleaning is not required on a daily basis,
make sure you clean your tools regularly. When cleaning your tools,
don’t use chemicals that are extremely harsh. Follow the manufacturer’s
guidelines for proper cleaning and maintenance.
 2. Protect electrical cords. Airlines and electrical cords are prone to heavy
damage since they are generally in the way of construction vehicles, and
foot traffic. Other machinery like forklifts, drills, etc. can easily cut
through wires. To keep the wires and airlines from getting damaged, it is
important to protect them. You can cover the electrical cords with
industrial strength casings or purpose-built ramps.

3. Lubricate tools. Whether you work with pneumatic or regular tools, it is

important to lubricate them regularly. Lubricating tools helps them to
perform better and reduces wear and tear of components

4. Inspect tools regularly. Regularly inspect your tools for signs of damage
and faulty functioning. Inspections should take place at the end of each
construction job. Ensure that you repair them immediately if there is any
damage. This will avoid any last minute hassle.

5. Store tools with care. Storing tools properly is of prime importance.

Although tools are designed for rough use, it is important to store them
properly. Cover up your tools to keep dirt and rain away from the
machine. If the tools aren’t used for a long time, inspect them regularly
for signs of damage, wear and tear, corrosion, etc.

Insulation of Electrical Tools

Insulated tools are hand tools used by electricians, designed to protect them
against injury if they encounter an energized source.

Insulated hand tools provide two types of protection for workers.

 They help protect individuals against electrical shock and arcing.

 They help protect the equipment being inspected or repaired
 Let Us Practice

A. Directions: Put a ( ) after each word if the solvent is polar and ( ) if it

is nonpolar.

1. Thinner ______________

2. Water ______________

3. Gasoline ______________

4. Detergent soap ______________

5. Kerosene ______________

B. Directions: Identify what types of lubricants below by writing their names

on the space provided.

1. Loosen rusted part.

______________________
2. suitable for use with wire or cable covered with rubber.
______________________
3. Lubricate the gear cleans and protects drives out moisture.
______________________
4. It does not damage insulation cling to wire and dries to a slippery film.
______________________
5. It helps drives out moistures and stops squeaking.
______________________
6. A heat stable lubricates protects reduces friction water repellent.

______________________
 Let Us Practice More

Identify the following information by writing ALWAYS and NEVER before each
number. Write the answer on the space provided

__________1. Perform regular check or condition of tools, instrument and

equipment.
__________2. Place electrical leads in ares, where they can be damaged.
__________3. Assign competent people to repair damaged electrical leads tools
and equipment.
__________4. Decrease cost of replacement.
__________5. Test and tag electrical tools and equipment regularly.
__________6. Use damaged electrical leads, tools and equipment.
__________7. Use safety switches when using electrical tools and equipment.
__________8. Improved system reliability.
__________9. Apply preventive maintenance on the tools and equipment to
prevent electrocution.
__________10. Use electrical leads, tools and equipment in damp a wet
condition.
 References

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 http://sam.dgs.ca.gov/TOC/3800/3861.htm
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