Alternating current circuits Revision sheet 18

io
1. Show that irms=( ) where irms is the root mean square value of the alternating current and io is its peak
√2
value.
2. Draw phasor representation for the following: (showing emf E0, current io and phase difference ϕ)
Pure resistance circuit, Pure Inductor circuit, Pure capacitance circuit and LCR series circuit.
3. Write only the expressions of current for: Pure resistance, Pure inductance, Pure Capacitance and LCR
series circuit.
4. An alternating emf E=E0 sin ωt is applied across a pure resistor circuit. Obtain expression for alternating
current i.
5. An alternating emf E=E0 sin ωt is applied across a pure inductor circuit. Obtain expression for alternating
current i.
6. An alternating emf E=E0 sin ωt is applied across a pure capacitor circuit. Obtain expression for alternating
current i.
7. Write the expressions for: Inductive reactance, capacitive reactance. Also write their dimensional formula.
8. Obtain an expression for resonant frequency of a series LCR circuit.
9. Write the expression for impedance Z for the resistor, Inductor, capacitor and series L-C-R circuit.

10. Show that the average pourer dissipated in an A.C. circuit is given by, P=Erms x irms x ( RZ ) .
11. What is meant by Watt less current?
12. Plot a graph showing the variation in impedance Z of a series LCR circuit with frequency F of alternating
emf applied to it. What is the minimum value of this impedance?
13. What is a choke coil?
14. What are the advantages of AC over DC?
15. Explain the principle, construction and working of transformer.
16. Mention the types of energy losses in a transformer. How to minimise them?
17. Mention the types of transformer. What is transformer ratio?
18. What is an ideal transformer?
19. Mention the uses of transformer.
20. Why is A.C. more dangerous than D.C. of store voltage?
21. The domestic electric supply in India is 230v-50 Hz. What are the rms and peak values of the voltage?
22. An AC generator has emf, E = 311 sin (100 π t) volt. Find the rms value of the emf generated.
23. The instantaneous current from an A.C. source is i=5 sin 314t. What is rms current?
24. How can a110V A.C. appliance work with 220V A.C.?
25. If a transformer steps down 220V to 11V, what is the ratio of primary turns to the secondary terns?
26. An A.C. voltage of 200V is applied to the primary of a transformer and a voltage of 2000 v is obtained from
the secondary. Find the ratio of currents through the primary and the secondary coils?
 NUMERICALS
1. An alternating current is given by I = 50 sin 100 π t. Find the frequency of current, mean current during a
positive half-circle, virtual current and the current at t=(1/300)s.
2. A hot-wire ammeter in an A.C. circuit has10A (rms value). What is the peak current?
3. If the peak alternating current in a circuit is 21.2 A, find out the reading of an ammeter connected in the
circuit.
4. The equation of an A.C. voltage is V=100 √2 sin (100 πt ).find the rms value and the frequency of the
voltage.

5. The electric main in a house is marked 220V-50 Hz. Write down the equation for the instantaneous voltage.
The only variable in this equation should be t.
6. The current and voltage in a circuit given by i=3.5 sin (628t+30°) ampere, v=28 sin(628t-30°)volt.
Determine [i] peak value, [ii] root-mean-square value, [iii] time-period of the current and [iv] phase
difference between voltage and current.
7. The inductance of a coil is 1.0 H. Calculate its inductive reactance for A.C. of frequency 50Hz.
8. What is the self-inductance of a coil if its inductive reactance is 12.56Ω at a frequency of 200 Hz?
9. At what frequency will a 2 H inductor have a reactance of 4000Ω?
10. A pure inductance of 1.0 H is connected across a 110V-70 Hz source. Find reactance, current and peak
value of current.
11. A capacitor of 50 pF is connected to an A.C. source of frequency 1 kHz. Calculate its reactance.
12. Find the frequency at which the capacitive reactance of a 1.0 μF capacitor equals the inductive reactance
of a 1.0 H coil.
13. In an A.C. circuit with all components connected in series, the emf and the current are given by E=200 sin
π
314t+ volt and i=5 sin 314 t ampere.
6
14. A sinusoidal voltage V=200 sin 314 t is applied to a 10Ω resistor. Find [i] rms voltage [ii] rms current and
[iii] power dissipated as heat.
15. In an A.C. circuit, R=40Ω, Z=50Ω, Vrms=200V. Calculate the average power consumed over a full cycle.
16. A resistance of 150 Ω and a capacitance of 15 μF are connected in series with an A.C. source. The peak
value of current is 0.20A. calculate the average power consumed in the circuit. If the capacitor is removed
but the current in kept the same, what is the average power consumed in the resistor alone?
17. An A.C. voltage V-283 sin 314 t is applied across an L-C-R series circuit in which L=25.48 mH, C=796 μF
and R=3 Ω. Find [i] rms voltage, [ii] XL, XC and Z, [iii] peak current and phase angle, [iv] rms current in
the circuit and rms voltage across L, C and R, [v] power dissipated in the circuit, [vi] power factor, [vii]
power input, [viii] resonance frequency of supply, [ix] impedance, current and power dissipated at
resonance.