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Solution
NCERT MASTERY (QUESTIONS) : CH4 COMPLEX NUMBERS AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
Class 11 - Mathematics
1. We have,
4x + i (3x - y) = 3 - 6i
⇒ 4x + i (3x - y) = 3 + i (- 6)
On equating real and imaginary parts from both sides, we get
4x = 3 ⇒ x = 34 and 3x - y = - 6
⇒ 3 ( 34 ) - y = - 6 [∵ x = 34 ]
⇒ 9
4
-y=-6
⇒y= 9
4
+ 6 = 334
∴ x = 34 and y = 334
2. (−5i) ( 18 i) = −5
8
i2
i2 = -1
= −58
(−1) = 5
8
= 5
8
+ i0
3 1 1
3. (-i)(2i)(− 18 i) = 2i2 × 8×8×8
× i3 = 2 × 8×8×8
× i5
1
= 256
(i2 )2 i
1
i = 256 i
4. We have, (5-3i)3 = 53 − 3 × 52 × (3i) + 3 × 5(3i)2 − (3i)3 [(a-b)3= a3 - 3a2b+ 3b2a - b3]
= 125 - 225i - 135 + 27i = -10 - 198i
– −−
− – – −−
− – – – –
5. Let z= (−√3 + √−2 )(2√3 − i) = (−√3 + √2i2 )(2√3 − i) = (−√3 + √2 i)(2√3 − i)
– – –
z = −6+​√3 i + 2√6 i − √2 i2
– – –
z = (−6 + √2 ) + √3 (1 + 2√2 )i
6. Let z = 2 - 3i
Then, z̄¯¯ = 2 + 3i
and |z|2 = 22 + (- 3)2 = 4 + 9 = 13
Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 2 - 3i is given by
z-1 = z̄ =
2+3i
= 2 + 3i
¯¯

|z|
2 13 13 13
5+√2i 5+√2i 1+√2i
7. Let z = = ×
1−√2i 1−√2i 1+√2i
–
[multiplying numerator and denominator by 1 + √2 i ]
5+5√2i+√2i−2
=
1−(√2i)2
3+6√2i
= 1+2
3(1+2√2i)
= 3
–
= 1 + 2√2 i
8. i-35 = 1 1
i 35 (i 2)17 i

= 1
−i
× ii −i 2 = i
i
(3−2i)(2+3i)
9. We have (1+2i)(2−i)
6+9i−4i+6
= 12+5i
4−3i
= 2−i+4i+2 4+3i
× 4−3i

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6/5/24, 3:11 PM Print Solution
48−36i+20i+15 63−16i 63
= 16+9
= 25
= 25
− 1625
i
(3−2i)(2+3i)
Therefore, conjugate of (1+2i)(2−i)
is 63
25
+ 16
25
i [If z = x + iy then then conjugate is x - iy]
(a+ib)
10. We have x + iy = (a−ib)
(a+ib)
=> |x + iy| = | (a−ib) |
Squaring Both the sides,
=> |x + iy|2 =
|(a+ib)| 2
|(a−ib)| 2

=> x2 + y2 = a 2 +b 2
2 =1
a 2 +b
11. (5i) (− 35 i) = −3i = −3 × −1 (∵ i2 = −1)
2

= 3 = 3 + 0i
12. i9 + i19 = (i2 )4 ⋅ i + (i2 )9 ⋅ i
= (−1)4 ⋅ i + (−1)9 ⋅ i
=i-i=0
13. i-39 = i4×−9−3
= (i4 )−9 × i−3
= (1)−9 × i−3
= i13
1 i
= −i
× i
−i −i
= = −1
=i
i2
14. 3(7 + i7) + i (7 + i7)
= 21 + 21i + 7i + 7i2 = 21 + 28i - 7
= 14 + 28 i
15. (1 - i) - (-1 + i6)
1 - i + 1 - 6i = 2 - 7i
16. ( 15 + 25 i) − (4 + 52 i)
1
= 5
+ 25 i − 4 − 52 i
= ( 15 − 4) + ( 25 − 52 ) i
−19 21
= 5
− 10
i
17. [( 13 + 73 i) + (4 + 13 i)] − [
−4
3
+ i]
= ( 13 + 4 + 43 ) + ( 73 i + 13 i − i)
4×3 3i
= ( 13 + 3
+ 43 ) + ( 73 i + i
3
− 3
)
= ( 1+12+4
3
) + ( 7i+i3 −3i )
= 17
3
+ 53 i

18. (1 - i)4 = [(1 - i)2]2

= (1 + i2 - 2i)2
= (1 - 1 - 2i)2 = (-2i)2
= 4i2 = 4 × −1 = −4
3 3
19. ( 13 + 3i) = ( 13 ) + (3i)3 + 3 × ( 13 ) (3i) ( 13 + 3i)
1
= 27
+ 27i3 + i + 3i ( 13 + 3i)

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6/5/24, 3:11 PM Print Solution
1 2 3 2
= 27
+ 27(−i) + i + 9i [∵ i = −i and i = −1]
1
= 27
− 27i + i − 9
1
= ( 27 − 9) − 26i
−242
= 27
− 26i
3 3
20. (−2 − 13 i) = −(2 + 13 i)
= − [(2)3 + ( 13 i) + 3 × (2)2 × 13 i+3 × 2 × ( 13 i) ]
3 2

∵ i3 = −i
= − [8 + 1 3
27
i + 4i + 23 i2 ] = − [8 − 1
27
i + 4i − 23 ] [ ]
i2 = −1
= [(8 − 23 ) + (4 − 1
27
)i
= − [ 223 + 107
27
i] = −22
3
− 107
27
i
21. M.I. of (4 - 3i) = 4−3i
1 1
= 4−3i
4+3i
× 4+3i =
4+3i
(4)2−(3i)2
4+3i 4+3i 1
= 16−9i 2
= 16+9
= 25
(4 + 3i)
–
22. M.I. of = √5 + 3i
1 1 √5−3i
= √5+3i
= √5+3i
× √5−3i
√5−3i
= 2
(√5) −(3i)2
√5−3i √5−3i –
= = 5+9
= 141 (√5 − 3i)
5−9i 2
1
23. M.I. of −i = −i = i 2 = −(−1)
i
= i
−i
(3+√5i)(3−√5i)
24. We have,
(√3+√2i)−(√3−√2i)
9−3√5i+3√5i−√5i√5i
= √3+√2i−√3+√2i
9+5 14 7 √2i
= 2√2i
=
2√2i
=
√2i
×
√2i
7√2i 7√2i 7√ 2
= = −2
=0-i 2
= a + ib [say]
2i 2
−7√2
where, a = 0 and b = 2

3
3
= [(−1)9 + 1
] = [−1 + 1
12 ]
i 24 .i (i 2) .i
3
= [−1 + 1
] = [−1 + 1 3
1×i
]
(−1)12 .i
3
25. = [−1 + 1i ] = [−1 − i]3
3
= −(1 + i) = − [1 + i3 + 3 × 1 × i(1 + i)]
= − [1 − i + 3i(1 + i)] = − [1 − i + 3i + 3i2 ]
= − [1 − i + 3i − 3] = − [−2 + 2i]
= 2 − 2i

26. Let z1 = x1 + iy1 and z2 = x2 + iy2

Then, z1 z2 = (x1 x2 - y1 y2) + i (x1 y2 + y1 x2)
∴ Re (z1 z2) = x1 x2 - y1 y2
= Re (z1) Re (z2) - Im (z1) Im (Z2)
Hence proved.
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27. We have, ( 1−4i

1
− 2
1+i
) ( 3−4i
5+i
)

=[ ] ( 3−4i )
1+i−2(1−4i)
(1−4i)(1+i) 5+i

=( 1+i−2+8i
) ( 3−4i
5+i
)
1+i−4i−4i 2

= ( 1−3i+4
−1+9i
) ( 3−4i
5+i
) [∵ i2 = - 1]

= ( −1+9i
5−3i
) ( 3−4i
5+i
)
−3+4i+27i−36i 2
=
25+5i−15i−3i 2
−3+31i+36
= 25−10i+3
= 33+31i
28−10i
(33+31i) (28+10i)
= (28−10i)
× (28+10i)
[multiplying numerator and denominator by 28 + 10i]
924+868i+330i+310i 2
= 784−100i 2
924+1198i−310
= 784+100
614+1198i
= 884
= 307442
+ 599
442
i
−−−−
28. Here x − iy = √ a−ib
c−id

Squaring both sides, we get

(x − iy)2 = a−ib
c−id
⇒ ∣∣(x − iy)2 ∣∣ = ∣∣ a−ib ∣⇒ |(x − iy)| |x − iy| = ∣∣ a−ib ∣∣
c−id ∣ c−id
−−− −
−−−−−− −−−−−−
⇒ (x2 + y 2 ) = √ a2 +b2
√a2 +b 2 2 2
⇒ (√ x 2 + y 2 ) (√ x 2 + y 2 ) = √c2+d 2 c +d

Squaring both sides

a 2 +b 2
(x2 + y 2 )2 =
c 2 +d 2
29. Here z1 = 2 - iand z2 = 1 + i
z +z +1 |4|
∴ ∣∣ z11 −z22 +1 ∣∣ = ∣∣ 2−i+1+i+1 ∣= ∣ 4 ∣ =
2−i−1−i+1 ∣ ∣ 2−2i ∣ |2−2i|
4 4 4 –
= = = = 4 = √2
√(2) +(−2)
2 2 √4+4 √8 2√ 2

(x+i)2 x 2+i 2+2ix x 2−1

30. Here a + ib = 2x 2+1
= 2x 2+1
= 2x 2+1
+ i 2x2x
2 +1

Comparing both sides, we have

x 2−1
a= 2x 2+1
amd b = 2x
2x 2+1
2 2
∴ a2 + b2 = ( 2x2−1 ) + ( 2x2x )
x2
2
+1 +1
2
(x 2−1) (2x)2
= 2 +
(2x 2+1) (2x 2+1) 2
2
(x 2−1) +(2x)2 x 4+1−2x 2+4x 2
= =
(2x 2+1) 2 (2x 2+1) 2

x 4+1+2x 2 (x 2+1)2
= =
(2x 2+1) 2 (2x 2+1) 2

31. Here z1 = 2 - i and z2 = -2 + i

∴ ¯z¯¯¯1¯ = 2 + i
Now z1z2 = (2 -i)(-2 + i)
= - 4 + 2i + 2i - i2 = (-4 + 1) + 4i
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= - 3 + 4i
z1 z2 −3+4i 2−i −6+3i+8i−4i 2
∴ = 2+i
× 2−i
=
¯z
¯¯¯1¯ 4−i 2
(−6+4)+11i −2+11i −2 11
= 4+1
= 5
= 5
+ 5
i
∴ Re( z¯1z¯¯z¯¯2 ) = −2
5
1

32. Here z1 = 2 - i and z2 = -2 + i

∴ ¯z¯¯¯1¯ = 2 + i
1 1
= (2−i)(2+i) = 1
= 1
5
= 1
5
+ 0i
z ¯z¯¯¯¯
1 1 4−i 2

∴ Im( z 1¯z¯¯¯¯ ) = 0
1 1
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
33. Here −6 − 24i = −6 + 24i
Now (x - iy) (3 + 5i) = -6 + 24i
⇒ 3x + 5xi − 3yi − 5yi2 = 6 + 24i
⇒ (3x + 5y) + (5x − 3y)i = −6 + 24i
Comparing both sides, we have
3x + 5y = -6. . . . (i)
and 5x - 3y = 24 .... (ii)
Multiplying (i) by 3 and (ii) by 5 and then adding
9x + 15y = −18
25x − 15y = 120⇒ x = 3
−−−−−−−−−−−−−
34x = 102
Putting x = 3 in (i)
3(3)+5y=-6
Thus y=-3
1+i 1−i ∣ (1+i)2−(1−i)2 ∣
34. ∣∣ 1−i − 1+i ∣∣ = ∣ (1−i)(1+i) ∣
∣ ∣
= ∣∣ 1+i +2i−1− i +2i ∣
2 2

1−i 2 ∣
∣∣ 4i2 ∣∣ = |2i| = √–4 = 2 .

35. (x + iy)3 =u + iv
⇒ x3 + i3 y 3 + 3x2 yi + 3xy 2 i2 = u + iv
⇒ (x3 − 3xy 2 ) + (3x2 y − y 3 )i = u + iv
Comparing both sides
u = x (x2 - 3y2) and v = y(3x2 - y2)
x(x 2−3y 2 ) y(3x 2−y 2 )
Now u
x + v
y = x + y

= x2 - 3y2 + 3x2 - y2 = 4x2 - 4y2 = 4(x2 - y2)

β−α ∣ 2
= [ 1− ] [ 1− ][∵ |z|2 = zz̄¯¯]
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
36. Now ∣∣ 1− ¯¯¯β ∣
¯α
β−α
¯α
¯¯¯β
β−α
¯α
¯¯¯β

=[ ] [ ]
¯¯
¯
β−α β −¯α
¯¯¯

1−α β
¯¯
¯¯ ¯¯
¯
1−αβ
¯¯
¯ ¯¯
¯ ¯¯
¯ ¯¯
¯
ββ −β¯α
¯¯¯−αβ +α¯α
¯¯¯ |β|2−αβ −αβ +|α|2
= ¯¯
¯ ¯¯
¯
= ¯¯
¯
¯¯¯β−αβ +|α| 2 |β|2
1−¯α
¯¯¯β−αβ +α¯α
¯¯¯ββ 1−¯α
¯¯¯β−αβ +|α| 2 ¯¯
¯
1−¯α
= ¯¯¯β+|α| 2
=1
1−¯α
¯¯¯β−¯α

∴ ∣∣ 1−αβ
β−α ∣
∣=1

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37. Here |1 − i| = 2 x x

−−−2−−−−−−− x
⇒ [√(1) + (−1) ] = 2x ⇒ (√2 )x = 2x
2 –

x
⇒ 2 2 = 2x ⇒ x2 = x ⇒ x2 − x = 0 ⇒ −x 2
=0
⇒x=0
Thus the given equation has no non-zero integral solution.
38. Here (a + ib) (c + id) (e+ if) (g + ih) = A + iB
Taking modulus on both sides
| (a + ib) (c + id) (e+ if) (g + ih) | = |A + iB|
⇒ |a + ib | |c + id | | e + if | |g + ih| = | A + iB|
−−−−−− −−−−−− −−−−−− −−−−−−−
⇒ (√a2 + b2 ) (√c2 + d 2 ) (√e2 + f 2 ) (g 2 + h2 ) = √A2 + B2
Squaring both sides
(a2 + b2) (c2 + d2) (e2 + f2) (g2 + h2) = A2 + B2
m
39. Given ( 1−i ) = 1
1+i

m
Now, ( 1−i × )
1+i 1+i
1+i
= 1 [multiply divide numerator and denominator by 1+i]
m
⇒[ ] =1
(1+i)2
1 2 −i 2
m
⇒( )
1 2+i 2+2i
1+1
=1
m
⇒( 1−1+2i
2
) =1
m
⇒( 2i2 ) = 1
⇒im = 1
We can also write, im = i4k
On equating the powers,
Thus, m = 4k, Where k is some integer.
∴ 1 is the least positive integer.
Least positive integral value of m is 4 × 1 = 4

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