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Day#7 - IPv6 Addressing Lecture Notes

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54 views8 pages

Day#7 - IPv6 Addressing Lecture Notes

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degadisa104
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 June 04/2022- End of 1st course (INT)

o All module exams + should be completed before June


10/2022
o Final exam of the 1st course (June 10 -11/ 2022)
 2nd course will start on June 12/2022

Day # 7 – IPv6 Addressing


- 128 bits
- Representation is colon hexa-decimal
- Hexa digits (0, 1,2…9, A, B,C,D,E,F)
o Every hexa digit has 4 bit equivalent
 (0)16 = 0000
 1 = 0001
 2= 0010
 3= 0011
 …
 9 = 1001
 A= 1010
 B= 1011
 C= 1100
 D= 1101
 E= 1110
 F= 1111
- 128 bits  every digit has 16 bits ( 128/16 ) 8 possible
hexa decimal – colon digits
o X1:x2:X3:X4:x5:X6:X7:x8
 X1= 0000 0000 0000 0000 – 1111 1111 1111 1111
 X1 = 0 0 0 0- f f f f
 X1= 0000-ffff
o X1:x2:X3:X4:x5:X6:X7:x8
o 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 –
o Ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff

- Example : 2001:0b80:0000:0000:0001:café:0bed:feed
o 2001 = 0010000000000001
o 0b80= 0000 1011 1000 0000
o 0001= 0000 0000 0000 0001
- IPV6 address representation – two step compression
o Step 1: omitting leading zeros
Example: 2001:0b80:0000:0000:0001:café:0bed:feed
2001:b80:0:0:1:café:bed:feed
- Step 2 : replace consecutive zero digits by double colon (::)
but use double colon only one at a time within a given
IPv6 address
Example : 2001:b80:0:0:1:café:bed:feed
2001:b80::1:café:bed:feed
Example: compress the following IPv6 address
1. 2001:0db8:café:0000:0000:1001:fee0:000A
a. Step 1: 2001:db8:Café:0:0:1001:fee0:A
b. Step 2: 2001:db8:café::1011:fee0:A

2. 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1010:0000:0000:0000
a. Step 1: 2001:db8:0:0:1010:0:0:0
b. Step 2: 2001:db8::1010:0:0:0 OR
c. Step 2: 2001:db8:0:0:1010::
d. But Not : 2001:db8::1010::
e.
3. 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
a. Step 1: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
b. Step 2: ::
 0.0.0.0 (default route)
 :: unspecified address (unknown destination )
4. 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
a. Step 1: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1
b. Step 2: ::1 === 127.0.0.0/8 ( 127.0.0.0 –
127.255.255.255)
5. 2001:0db8:café:1001:feed:00FE:0010:0000
a. Step 1: 2001:db8:café:1001:feed:fe:10:0
b. Step 2: 2001:db8:café:1001:feed:fe:10:0

IPv6 Subnetting
- 128 bits
- Different types of IPv6 address
o 2000::/3 global uni-cast address
o :: - default route / Unspecified Address / Last Resort
o ::1 – Loopback address= TCP/IPv6 checking
o Fe80::/10 – link-local address
- 2000::/3 global uni-cast address
o 2000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
o 0010 0000 0000 0000: 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/3
o 0010 0000 0000 0000: 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:000 0001
 2000::1/3 – 1st VHA
o 0010 0000 0000 0000: 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:000 0001
o 0011 1111 1111 1111: ffff:FFFF:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
o 3fff: ffff:FFFF:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff
o 2000::/3 (2000::1/3 - 3fff: ffff:FFFF:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff/3)

Example : 2001:db8:café::/64
2001:db8:café:0:0:0:0:0/64
2001:db8:café:0:0:0:0:0000 0000 0000 0001/64
2001:db8:café:0:0:0:0:1 /64
2001:db8:café::1 /64 – 1st IPV6 address

2001:db8:café:0:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff/64 - last IPv6 address

Example 2: 2001:db8:café:C000::/53
1st IPV6 address , Last IPV6 address
2001:db8:café:1100 0000 0000 0000:0:0:0:0
1st VHA
2001:db8:café:1100 0000 0000 0000:0:0:0:0000 0000 0000 0001
2001:db8:café:1100 0000 0000 0000:0:0:0:1
2001:db8:café:1100 0000 0000 0000::1
2001:db8:Café:c000::1/53
Last VHA ipV6
2001:db8:café:1100 0111 1111 1111:ffff:ffff:ffff:Ffff
2001:db8:café:1100 0111 1111 1111:ffff:ffff:ffff:Ffff
2001:db8:café:C7ff: ffff:ffff:ffff:Ffff

10.192.0.0/14
10.1100 0000.0.0
10.192.0.1
10.1100 0011.255.255
10.195.255.255

Ipv6 address subnetting

2001:db8:Café::/48 let us borrowed 4 bits  /52

2001:db8:Café:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/48
--/52
2001:db8:Café:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:db8:Café:bbbb000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:db8:Café:0000000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:Db8:café::/52
2001:db8:Café:0001000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:Db8:Café:1000::/52
2001:db8:Café:0002000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:Db8:Café:2000::/52

2001:db8:Café:0009000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:Db8:Café:9000::/52

2001:db8:Café:A000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
…
2001:db8:Café:1111000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52
2001:db8:Café:f000:0000:0000:0000:0000/52

Example 2: 2001:db8:Café::/48 borrowed 2 bits --/50

2001:db8:café:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/48
2001:db8:café:B000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50
2001:db8:café:0000 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50

192.168.15.0/24 ---/26
 192.168.15.00 000000/26
o 192.168.15.0/26
o 192.168.15.00 000001 – 192.168.15.00 111111
o 192.168.15.1 – 192.168.15.63
 192.168.15.01 000000/26
o 192.168.15.64/26
o .65- .127
 192.168.15.10 000000/26
 192.168.15.11 000000/26

2001:db8:café:bb00 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50

1. 2001:db8:café:0000 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50


 2001:db8:café::/50
2. 2001:db8:café:0100 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50
 2001:db8:Café:4000::/50
 Range
 2001:db8:Café:0100 000:0:0:0:1
 2001:db8:Café:4000::1/50
 2001:db8:café:0111 fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff/50
 2001:db8:café:7fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff/50

3. 2001:db8:café:1000 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50
 2001:db8:Café:8000::/50
 1st 2001:db8:café:1000 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 0000 0000
0001/50
 2001:db8:Café:8000::1/50
 1st VHA -- & Last
 last 2001:db8:café:1011 f f f:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff :ffff/50
2001:db8:café:Bfff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff :ffff/50
4. 2001:db8:café:1100 0000 0000 0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/50
 2001:db8:Café:C000::/50

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