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Review
Quarter1 Lesson 6
Nervous System
Learning Objectives:
• I can describe how the nervous system
coordinates and regulates these
feedback mechanisms to maintain
homeostasis S10LTIIIc-36
• I can Identify the parts and functions of
Nervous System (A)
Learning Objectives:
• I can analyze the types of neurons
according to their function. (M)
• I can realize the importance of the
nervous system and the senses in
reacting to challenges in life. (M)
Core Values:
Moral Integrity, Effectiveness and
Efficiency
21st Century Skills:
Critical Thinking, Creativity and Media
Literacy
Body control and response are
controlled by the nervous system.
Our nervous system gathers
information about the environment
and helps us respond appropriately
to a situation.
A. Feedback
Mechanism or
Feedback
Regulation
Self-adjusting
mechanism
Two Types of Feedback Mechanisms
1. Negative Feedback loop 2. Positive Feedback loop
Response reduces the Response amplifies a
stimulus until conditions stimulus which, in turn,
return to a homeostatic elicits a further response.
state.
B. Homeostasis
• It is the state of
stability inside an
organism’s body.
• It connotes
stability, balance,
or equilibrium
within the body.
Homeostatic
Regulation
• Process of different
body systems to
complement one
another to create
internal balance.
Activity #2
1. What will you do if you see a car
approaching or hitting your way?
Activity #2
2. What will you do if you accidentally
touch a hot surface?
Activity #2
see a celebrity?
Activity #2
delete your favorite mobile application?
C. Stimulus
• It is any external
or internal change
in the environment
that prompts an
organism to react.
• It triggers a
response to any
part of the body.
Two Types of Stimulus
1. External Stimulus 2. Internal Stimulus
-Outside the body - Inside the body
D. Reflex
• Automatic response that does not need
thought or thinking.
• Reflex action
Activity #3 – Reaction Time
You are at the mall walking through the
aisle of the Jollibee store on your way to
buy new eyeglasses. You smell fried
chicken and realize that you skipped lunch.
You did order a C1 meal and ate it before
going to buy eyeglasses.
What was the stimulus in this situation?

What was the response in this situation?
Was the stimulus in this situation internal or
external?
Neurons
Neurons
The basic functional units of structure of
the nervous system.
- carry information through the nervous
system in the form of nerve impulses.
- cannot be reproduced.
What are the parts of a Neuron?
Parts of a Neuron
Cell Body
• largest part
• contains nucleus
Nucleus
• contains all the activities
Dendrites
• Receive and carry information
Axon
• Long tail like fiber
Myelin Sheath
• Covers the axon
speeds up the travel of the nerve
impulses
Axon Terminals
• Pass on messages to the dendrites of
other neurons.
Node of Rainvier
• Occur along a myelinated axon where
the axolemma is exposed to the
extracellular space
Schwann cells
• Supports nerve generation
Schwann cells
• Supports nerve generation
Try this:
• Press your finger
against your
desk/table.
• What happens?
What are the Types of Neuron?
3 Types of Neuron?
Sensory Neurons
• Afferent neurons
• Transmits impulses
• Reason for sense organs
sensitive and responsive to
external stimuli
Interneurons
• Connector neurons or
association neurons
• Read and interpret the
impulses sent by sensory
neurons
• Found in Spinal cord and in
the brain
Interneurons
• Found in
Spinal cord
and in the
brain
Motor Neurons
• Efferent Neurons
• Transmit impulses from the
brain and spinal cord to
the effector cell or organ
such as muscles, organs
and glands.
The path of nerve impulses
Interneuron
Motor
Sensory
What are the two divisions of the nervous
system?
The Two Divisions of the Nervous System
1. Central Nervous System (CNS) 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
1. Central Nervous System
• Control center of the

body
2 parts Central Nervous System
a. Brain
b. Spinal Cord
a. Brain
• Center of the Nervous System
6 Parts
1. Brainstem
2. Cerebellum
3. Cerebrum
4. Hypothalamus
5. Hippocampus
6. Pituitary Gland
1. brainstem-
breathing rate
and heartbeat
-hearing and vision
2. cerebellum-
balance or
equilibrium
and locomotion
3.cerebrum-
Regulates mental functions
remembering, speaking,
learning, reasoning,
and feeling emotions.
4. hypothalamus-
internal temperature
-sweating and shivering
5.hippocampus- remember things that
happened recently.
6. pituitary gland- releases hormones which
are special chemicals that trigger certain
actions in the body
b. Spinal Cord
• Extends from the brain into the
spine through a canal
encased in a bone.
• Collection of nerve fibers
and cells that carry sensory
impulses from the outer
parts of the body up to the brain.
2. Peripheral Nervous System
• All neural tissues outside of the
central nervous system.
• Sensory or afferent
Information to CNS
• Motor or efferent
commands out
to the body’s tissues
2.Peripheral Nervous System
• Nerves that connect the central
nervous system with every part of
the body
2.Peripheral Nervous System
• Nerves that connect the central
nervous system with every part of
the body
2 parts:
a. Somatic
b. Autonomic
a. Somatic Nervous System
• Walk or talk
• Voluntary
b. Autonomic Nervous System
• Digestion, heartbeat
• Involuntary
2 subdivisions of Autonomic
Nervous System
1.Parasympathetic
2.Sympathetic
1.Parasympathetic
• Rest and Digest
• Control internal organs
during routine conditions
2.Sympathetic
• Active and Alert
“Fight or Flight”
• Control internal organs
especially when a stressful
condition
Regulation of Nervous System
• Nervous System is the major
control of homeostasis.
• Monitoring, response, and
regulation
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What was the stimulus in this situation?

• Control center of the

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