Dams
Capstone Challenge
2023-2024
Grade 10 -Semester 1
Mrs / Hanan Mahdy
1
Grand Challenges
1. Manage and increase the sources of clean
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water.
2023-2024
2. Deal with urban congestion.
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3. Recycled garbage and wastes for economic
and environmental purposes.
4. Reduce the effect of climate change.
2
Capstone Big Idea
The implications of climate change can be
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catastrophic. Egypt has suffered from flood
2023-2024
discharges in many areas in recent years,
Grade 10 -Semester 1
particularly in the Red Sea Mountains and
Sinai, as well as in Greater Cairo and the
towns along the coast.
3
Capstone Big Idea
Dams are used to :
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Impound (store) water, flood control, 2023-2024
human water supply, irrigation, energy Grade 10 -Semester 1
generation, etc.
4
Capstone Big Idea
So it is necessary to build a dam that restore
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water and discharge extra water and a 2023-2024
Grade 10 -Semester 1
specified amount of it at a certain rate.
5
Essential Question:
How can we
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1. Mitigate (reduce ) the destructive effect 2023-2024
of flood discharge caused by climate Grade 10 -Semester 1
change.
2. Profit from its beneficial aspects?
6
Design Challenge :
• The students will design, construct, and test a
dam to save water and protect populations and Capstone Challenge
infrastructure. 2023-2024
Grade 10 -Semester 1
• Research, deeply, dam structures and their
components.
7
Design Challenge :
• Before designing and constructing the prototype, Capstone Challenge
2023-2024
they will try out two different design
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alternatives using paper or any other suitable
material.
8
Design Challenge :
• Dam structure, :
1. water-retaining (heel, toe, crest/roadway Capstone Challenge
2023-2024
of dams, etc..)
Grade 10 -Semester 1
2. water-releasing (as crest gate/spillway
gate, radial gate, slide gate, rolling gate or
any similar system of gates)
9
Design Challenge :
Heel
The part of the dams meeting with the groundwater
or upstream side is called the heel. Capstone Challenge
Toe 2023-2024
The portion of the dams meeting with the Grade 10 -Semester 1
groundwater or downstream side is called the Toe.
Crest/Roadway of Dams
The section of the dams used as a roadway or
walkway is the crest. It is the upper area of the dam.
10
Water Retaining :
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2023-2024
Grade 10 -Semester 1
11
Water Releasing :
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2023-2024
Grade 10 -Semester 1
Various forms of gates
12
Design Challenge :
• Only one manufactured material (such as Capstone Challenge
cement or any other suitable material) . 2023-2024
• This material is coupled with additional materials Grade 10 -Semester 1
recycled from available waste or materials from
natural resources.
13
Design Requirements:
• The design should have a target stored capacity
of between a minimum of 50 and a maximum of
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60 liters. 2023-2024
• The minimum height of the stored water is 25 Grade 10 -Semester 1
cm.
• The minimum height of the dam structure is 30
cm.
14
Design Requirements:
• The crossroad in the crest of the dam should
support a concentrated load in its middle point Capstone Challenge
2023-2024
not less than 10 kg.
Grade 10 -Semester 1
• The thickness of the dam in the bottom should
not be less than 10 cms while in the top it should
be not less than 3 cm.
15
Design Requirements:
• The prototype dam should be able to discharge
water to both 25% and 50 % of the stored water Capstone Challenge
2023-2024
target amount.
Grade 10 -Semester 1
• Students should include a graph that represents
the measurements and the data they used to
determine flow rate.
16
Design Requirements:
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• Any water exceeding the designed stored water
2023-2024
capacity should be discharged automatically Grade 10 -Semester 1
using an appropriate method for their dam design.
17
Constraints :
• Avoid any bending in the dam components
• The minimum storage time, of the maximum
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designed capacity, during testing your prototype 2023-2024
should be at least 2 hrs. Grade 10 -Semester 1
• No more than one manufactured material along
with recycled materials from available waste
and/or materials from natural resources.
18
Constraints :
• The maximum diameter of the reinforcing bars
should not exceed 3 mm while the maximum Capstone Challenge
length should not exceed 100 mm. 2023-2024
Grade 10 -Semester 1
• Reinforcing bars have the same material
constraints in that they must be recycled
materials or the one manufactured material
19
Thanks
for
Attention
Recommended site :
• chromeextension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefi
ndmkaj/https://www.des.nh.gov/sites/g/files/eh
bemt341/files/documents/2020-01/db-1.pdf
• https://vincivilworld.com/2022/10/17/compone
nts-of-dam-functions/
