PHYSICS

CLASS XII

CHAPTER – 2

ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

1. Four point charges +q , +q , - q and – q are placed respectively at the corner of a square of side
a. The electric potential at the centre of the square is
a) k q / a
b) k 2 q / a
c) k 4 q / a
d) Zero
2. A cube of side a has a charge q at each of it vertices. What is the electric potential at the
centre of the cube
a) 4 q / √3 π € a
b) 2 q / 4π € a
c) 4 q / 4 π € a
d) Zero
3. Electric potential of an electric dipole on it axis at a distance r from its centre is V . The electric
potential of the electric dipole at the same distance r from its centre on equatorial line will be
a) 2 V
b) V/2
c) – V
d) Zero
4. The electric potential at any point (x , y , z ) is given by V = 3 x 2 where X is in metres and V in
volts. The electric field at the point ( 1 , 0 , 2 ) is [CBSE 2022 ]
a) 6 V / m along - x axis
b) 6 V / m along + x axis
c) 1.5 V / m along – x axis
d) 1.5 V / m along + x axis
5. A variable capacitor is connected to a 200 volt battery. If it’s capacitance is changed from 2 μ F
to X μ F , the decrease in energy of the capacitor is 2 × 10 – 2 J . The value of X is
a) 1 μ F
b) 2 μ F
c) 3 μ F
d) 4 μ F
6. A + 3 n C charge Q is initially at rest at a distance of 10 cm from a + 5 n C charge q fixed at the
origin. The charge Q is moved away from q to a new position at 15 cm. In this process work
done by the field is [ CBSE 2022 ]
a) 1.29 × 10 – 5 J
b) 3.6 × 10 5 J
c) – 4.5 × 10 – 7 J
d) 4.5 × 10 – 7 J
7. Two charges 14 μC and – 4 μC are placed at ( - 12 cm , 0 , 0 ) and ( 12 cm , 0 , 0 ) in an external
electric field E = B / r 2 , where B = 1.2 × 10 6 N / C and r is in metres. The electrostatic potential
energy of the configuration is [ CBSE 2022 ]
a) 97.9 J
b) 102.1 J
c) 2.1 J
d) – 97.9 J
8. Which of the following is not the property of equipotential surface [ CBSE 2022 ]
a) They do not cross each other
b) The rate of change of potential with distance on the maze zero
c) For a uniform electric field they are concentric square
d) They can be imaginary surface.
9. Equipotentials at a large distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero are
a) Spheres
b) Planes
c) Ellipsoids
d) Paraboloids
10. For charges – q , - q , + q and + q our place at the corner of a square of side 2L as shown in the
figure. The electric potential at point A midway between the two charges + q and + q is
[ CBSE 2022 ]

a) k 2 q / L ( 1 – 1 / √ 5 )
b) k 2 q / L ( 1 + 1 / √5 )
c) k q / 2 L ( 1 – 1 / √5 )
d) Zero
11. An electric dipole of moment p is placed parallel to the uniform electric field. Amount of work
done in rotating the dipole by 90⁰ is
a) 2 p E
b) p E
c) p E / 2
d) Zero
12. Three capacitors 2 μF , 3 μF and 6 μF are joint in series with each other. The equivalent
capacitances is
a) ½ μF
b) 1 μF
c) 2 μF
d) 11 μF
13. A capacitor plates are charged by a battery with V volts . After charging battery is disconnected
and a dielectric slab with dielectric constant K is inserted between the plates , the potential
across the plates of capacitor will become
a) Zero
b) V / 2
c) V / K
d) V K
14. Three charges 2q , - q and – q lie at vertices of a triangle. The value of E and V at centroid of
triangle will be
a) E ≠ 0 and V ≠ 0
b) E = 0 and V = 0
c) E ≠ 0 and V = 0
d) E = 0 and V ≠ 0
15. A hollow metal sphere of radius 5 cm is charged such that the potential on its surface is 10
volt. The potential at the centre of the sphere is
a) Zero
b) 10 volt
c) The same as that a point 5 cm away from the surface.
d) The same as that a point 25 cm away from the surface.

16. A capacitor of capacitance 2 μF is connected as shown in the figure. If the internal resistance of
the cell is 0.5 Ω , the charge on the capacitor plate is

a) Zero
b) 2 μC
c) 4 μC
d) 6 μC
17. To positive points charges of 12 and 8 micro coulombs respectively are placed 10 cm apart in
air. The work done to bring them 4 cm close is
a) Zero
b) 3.8 J
c) 4.8 J
d) 5.8 J
18. The electric potential ( volt ) varies with x ( meters) according to the relation V = 5 + 4 x 2 . The
force experience by a negative charge of 2 × 10 – 6 C located at x = 0.5 m is
a) 2 × 10 – 6 N
b) 4 × 10 – 6 N
c) 6 × 10 – 6 N
d) 8 × 10 – 6 N
19. Three capacitors each of capacitance 3 μ F connected as shown in the figure. The equivalent
capacitance between the point P and S is

a) 1 μ F
b) 3 μ F
c) 6 μ F
d) 9 μ F
20. In the network shown in the figure C 1 = 6 μ F and C = 9 μ F . The equivalent capacitance
between the point P and Q is

a) 3 μ F
b) 6 μ F
c) 9 μ F
d) 12 μ F
21. Two parallel plate capacitors of capacitance C and 2C are connected in parallel and charged to
a potential difference V bio battery. The battery is then disconnected and the space between
the plates of capacitor is completely filled with a material of dielectric constant K. The
potential difference across the capacitor now become
a) V / K + 1
b) 2 V / K + 2
c) 3 V / K + 2
d) 3 V / K + 3
22. The force of attraction between the plates of air filled parallel plate capacitor having charge q
and area of each plate A is given by
a) 2 Q 2 / € A
b) Q 2 / € A
c) Q 2 / 2 € A
d) Q 2 / 4 € A
23. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 100 pF is to be constructed by using paper sheet of 1
mm thickness as dielectric. If the dielectric constant of paper is K = 4 , number of circular metal
foils of diameter 2 cm each required for this purpose is
a) 10
b) 20
c) 30
d) 40
24. One thousand spherical water droplets , each of radius r and carrying a charge q coalesce to
form a single spherical drop. If v is the electric potential of each droplet and V that of the
bigger drop, then
a) V = 1000 v
b) V = 100 v
c) V = v / 1000
d) V = v / 100
25. A parallel plate air filled capacitor as shown in the figure (a) has a capacitance of 2 μF . When it
is half filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant K = 3 as shown in the figure (b) , its
capacitance become

a) 1/3 μF
b) 1 μF
c) 3 μF
d) 9 μF
26. A parallel plate air filled capacitor as shown in the figure (a) has a capacitance of 2 μF . When it

is half filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant K = 3 as shown in the figure (b) , its
capacitance become
a) 4 μF
b) 1/4 μF
c) 2 μF
d) 1 / 2 μF
27. Neutral hydrogen molecule has two protons and two electrons. If one of the electrons is
removed we get a hydrogen molecular ion H 2 + . In the ground state of H 2 + the two protons are
separated by 1.5 A ° and the electron is separated from each proton by 1 A ° . What is the
potential energy of this system?
a) – 38.4 eV
b) – 19.2 eV
c) – 9.6 eV
d) Zero
28. What is the equivalent capacitance between A and D of the network shown in the figure

a) 200 pF
b) 100 pF
c) 200 / 3 pF
d) 50 pF
29. A 2 μ F capacitor C 1 is charged to a voltage 100 V and a 4 μ F capacitor C 2 is charged to a
voltage 50 V . The capacitors are than connected in parallel . What is the loss of energy due to
this connection.
a) 1.7 J
b) 0.17 J
c) 0.017 J
d) 0.0017 J
30. A positive charge ( + q ) is located at the centre of a circle as shown in the figure. If W 1 is the
work done in taking the unit positive charge from A to B and W 2 is the work done in taking the
same charge from A to C . Then

a) W 1> W 2
b) W 1< W 2
c) W 1= W 2≠ 0
d) W 1= W 2= 0
31. Electric potential due to an extremely short dipole at a distance r from it is proportional to
a) 1 / r
b) 1 / r 2
c) 1 / r 3
d) 1 / r 4
32. If n drops, each of capacitance C, coalesce to form a single spherical drop, the capacitance of
the big drop will be
a) n C
b) n 2 C
c) n 1 / 2 C
d) n 1 / 3 C
33. If n drops, each of potential V, coalesce to form a single spherical drop, the potential of the big
drop will be
a) n V
b) n 2 V
c) n 1 / 2 V
d) n 2 / 3 V
34. Figure show five capacitor connected to a 12 volt power supply. What is the charge on the 2 μF
capacitor?

a) 6 μ F
b) 8 μ F
c) 10 μ F
d) 12 μ F
35. A parallel plate capacitor with air as dielectric is charge to a potential V. It is then connected to
a uncharged parallel plate capacitor filled with wax of dielectric constant K . The Common
potential of both capacitor is
a) V
b) K V
c) ( 1 + K ) V
d) V / ( 1 + K )
36. n identical capacitors are joint in parallel and the combination is charge by the battery of
voltage V. The total energy Store is U. Now capacitors are arrange in series and charge by the
battery of voltage V . The energy Store will be
a) U
b) n U
c) U / n
d) n 2 U
37. Two spheres of radii r and R carry q and Q respectively. When they are connected by a wire ,
there will be no loss of energy of the system if
a) Q R = q r
b) Q r = q R
c) Q R 2 = q r 2
d) Q r 2 = q R 2
38. The introduction of a metal plate between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor increase its
capacitance by 4.5 times. If d the separation of the two plates of the capacitor, the thickness of
the metal plate introduced is
a) d
b) d / 3
c) 5 d / 9
d) 7 d / 9
39. If the potential difference between the plates of a capacitor increased by 20%, the energy
store in the capacitor increase by
a) 20 %
b) 22 %
c) 40 %
d) 44 %
40. The figure show the variation of potential V with 1/ r for two point charges Q 1 and Q 2 , where
V is the potential at a distance r due to the point charges. The value of Q 1 / Q 2 is
[ CBSE 2023 ]

a) 3:1
b) 1:3
c) 1: √3
d) √3 : 1