Basic Notes
Basic Notes
PageNo
Date /sepl2s2
altl
What a computes?
AnCompute an electrtnaicdevice.1
obeustha Commands and tntructions
giuenby ue and pa1avidu an
output CAult.
lemends o Computer
elements ot Computen
hece ax hetee
(2) Softwiaxe (3) Humah being
(1 Haduaa
CHasidwiotnHazdiaxo a phyical hing
able to tauch "and Aee
which uie ax
ue can'A imaglne a
M-hout haxdusae,
Comptlte
w e m w t be thoxe t
BelnqA
(3) Human
Ap8ste thi Comptutek
down my c o m p u t e r ?
H o w Do I
shut
computer:-
down your
Toshut
button, The Start menu will
Click the Start
1. Ci appear
off Computer. The Turn off
Click Turn Comput
2
3. Click the
Turn Off icon. Your dialog box
computer will shut down
Wll apDearar
restart my computer?
How do I
WHAT IS VIRUS?
ANTI VIRUS
viruses.
Antivirus is also software which protects us from the bad effects of
VERSIONS OF ANTI VIRUS
internetfor
A. TRIAL VERSION: Trial version antivirus can be downloaded from
free.Valid for one month.
Version Can Also Be Downloaded FromInternet But You
B. Full VERSION:-Full To This&Can Be Purchased from Retailer
Have Pay Online for
Valid for oneyear
Some Anti- viruses name 6. MacAfee
1. AVG Antivirus 2. Avast 3.Avira 4.Kaspersky 5. Norton
10. 360 Total Security.
7. Quick heal 8.Panda 9. Microsoff security essential
Files?
How Computer Virus Affect Your
.exe, .sys, .bin, .pif
etc Virus can affect any
affect mostly attack.com,
Computer virus the capability
it
of infecting any file; however wil
files on your computer. Virus have excel documents which
executable files or data files, such as word or
generally infect infecting otherfiles more often.
frequently and allow the virus to try
areopened
What is software?
communicate with the computer
ofcommand that help users to software the
Software is a collection for them. Without any type of
specific tasks
or help the computer perform
computer would be
of no use. it
has to be fast because
used to hold data. It
Memory: This is very fast storage There are several specific types
of memory in a
connects directly to the
microprocessor.
computer.
(i) Mother Board It is also known as base board or system board or main board all
u
Internal and external components of computer connect with the
it.
(ii) Processor :It is known as brain of Computer It
performs all the instructions of
Computer's programs. A CPU is divided into 2 parts. a
Arithmetic logic unit: - lIt performs all the arithmetic logic operations.
CU: -{control unit}lt controls all the hardware operations.
(v) DVD-RW (Digital versatile disc or digital video disc) it helps to read and write
and DVD.
(vi) Monitor :ltshows display and it is an output Device.
(vii) Speaker :It is an output device and use to listen computer sound.
(vii) Key Board Key board is use as type-writer.
(ix) Mouse Mouse is a pointing device use to open, clos , delete, drag etc a file or
folder.
(x) SMPS : Switch mode power Supply. It converts ACCurrent into DC and provide
amount of the different-2 components of mother
Various voltage to
board.
(xi) UPS :Uninterrupted power supply use to give battery backup to the computer
in case of power cut.
(xii) Joy Stick : Joy stick is an input device and use to play games in compute.
u
HISTORY OF COMPUTER
ne seeds of modern computer were sown 3500 years
ago when a huge stone carved
Structure spread in a circular pattern over the huge ground was used to
calculations. These calculations were based on the position of sun rays. perform astronomical
This stone carved
structure is known a Neolithic computer and the
mode of calculation is known as STONE
HENGE calculation.
COMPUTER GENERATION
Computer generation word refers towards to grow in computer field how computers got small
and smallday by day? How computer's performance increased day by day.
Itis divided in 5 different generations.
The main differences in computer generations are
Computer size (11) Performance (l1) Cost (V) Storage capacity (V) Heating
Problem
PERIOD GENERATION
1951 to 1958 1st Generation
1958 to 1965 2nd Generation
1965 to 1971 3rd Generation
1971 to 1990 Generation
1990 to Till now 5th Generation
FEATURE OF COMPUTER
(1) Because ofitis an electronicdevice soitcan damage at anytime &allthe data whichis
Stored in HDD can lose.
() Itis not so intelligent to take its own decision.
(IV) A user also required to operate it
(v) It has no feelings
TYPES OF COMPUTER
Computer comes in variety oftypesdesigned for different purposes with different capabilities
and costs. The computer can be categorized as:
Types of computer
1) Micro computer
2) Mini Computer
3) Mainframe Computer
4) Super Computer
Types of Micro Computer
1) Desktop
2) Laptop
3) Workstations
4) PDA &Palmtop
5) Smartphone
S.No. DIFFERENCE IN DESKTOP AND
Desktop LAPTOP
Not portable. Laptop
2. Portable.
Require more power to run.
3. Required less power supply than Desktop
Use UPS to
in case of
get battery back-up Use battery to get power back in
power cut. Case of power cut.
4 Desktop can work A Laptop can work almost two Hours on it
approximately 10-15 minutes battery backup.
onlyon UPS backup
5. Desktop don't have a touch Laptop has a touch pad so
pad, it required a mouse Mouse is not necessary
. Desktop don't have an in-built Now a day's most of the laptops are
camera available with in-built camera.
INPUTDEVICES:
The device through which the user can enter the data and instructions into the computer is
called input device
Example: -Key board, Mouse, Scanner
OUTPUT DEVICES:
The device which provides output to the user of theirinput commandsis called output device.
Example: Monitor, Speaker, Printer
Delhi-110009)
Town-1l1, Delhi
Office:-Model Part-1,
(Head Mukund Pur
JTTI COMPUTER INSTITUTE Chowk,
Mandir
Main Road, Shiv Page 17
Dispensary,
Front of Old
Branches: First Floor, + 9 1 - 7 3 0 3 4 4 8 3 5 7
+91-8860448357,
110042.
Www.jTTI.IN Mob. No.
Web:-
KEY BOARD
(underscore)
Function of special keys is given below:
1. Arrow keys To move the cursor up-down left & right directions
in a Document.
2. Caps Lock To make letter s capital
To delete the data which is in right side of the cursor.
3. Del
4. Backspace To delete the data which is in left side of the cursor.
5. End To move the cursor to the end of the line.
To cancel a command.
6. Esc
To move the cursor to the beginning of the
line.
7. Home sentences.
8. Space bar To give the space in between words or
above the numeric
9. Shift To type the special characters
shift the special
keys. If you numeric key along with
Characters will be typed such as $, @# etc.
10.Tab key Switch between the programs.
11.Scroll Lock To lock the scroller.
Delhi-110009.)
JTTI COMPUTER INSTITUTE (Head Office: Model Town-lIl,
-
Deihl
Mukund Pur Part-1,
Front of Old Dispensary, Main Road, Shiv Mandir Chowk,
Dranches:- First Floor,
110042. Page 18
Web:-Www.jTT.IN Mob. No. +91-8860448357, +91-7303448357
Press SHORTCUT KEY
CTRL+C
To
CTRL+X Copy
Cut
CTRL+V
CTRL+Z
Paste.
DELETE
Undo.
Delete
without placing the ton
SHIFT+DELETE Oete selected item permanentlv
in the Recycle Bin.
CTRL while dragging an item
Copy selected item.
CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an
item Create shortcut to selected item.
F2 Rename selected item
tothe beginning of the nex
CTRL+RIGHT ARROW ove the insertion point
word. of the
previous
insertion point to
the beginning
the
ve
CTRL+LEFT ARROW
word the next
beginning of
point to the
Move the insertion
CTRL+DOWN ARROW
paragraph of the
previous
to the beginning
the insertion point
Move
CTRL+UP ARROW
paragraph.
of
CTRL+SHIFT with any the
arrow block of text.
|Highlight a
o r on
the desktopP
window
keys than one item in a
Select more
document.
keys within a
with any of the or select text
arrow
SHIFT
Select all
CTRL+A file or folder.
Search for a
item.
3 the selected
properties for
View
ALT+ENTER Model Town-111,
Delhi-110009.)
(Head Office: Mukund Pur Part-1,
Delhi
I T T I C O M P U T E R INSTITUTE Mandir Chowk,
Main Road, Shiv
a fOld Dispensary,
theaactive
the active item, or quit program
ALT+F4 Close
Displays the properties of the selected bject.
ALT+Enter
for the active winde
window.
Opens the shortcut
menu
ALT+SPACEBAR
Close the active document
in that all
programs
CTRL+F4
have multiple documents open simultaneously
between open items.
ALT+TAB Switch
Cycle through itemsiin the order they ere opened
ALT+ESC
Cycle through screen elements in a window or son the
F6
|desktop.
Display the Address bar list in My Computer orWinda
F4 Windows
Explorer
SHIFT+F10 Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.
Cell A1
Cell E10
sheetiSheet2
EB 100%
Microsoft Excel consists of worksheets. Each worksheet contains columns and rows. The
columns are lettered A to Z and then continuing with AA, AB, AC and so on; the rows ate
numbered 1 to 1,048,576. The number of columns and rows you can have in a worksheet is
limited by your computer memory and your system resources.
The combination of a column coordinate and a row coordinate make up a cell address. For
example, the cell located in the upper-left corner of the worksheet is cell A1, meaning column
A. and row 1. Cell E10 is located under column E on row 10.
Functions
The SUM function adds
argument values.
1.Open Microsoft Excel
2 Type 12 in cell B1
3. Press Enter.
4. Type 27in
cell B2
5. Press Enter
6. Type 24 in oell B3.
7. Press Enter.
8. Type =SUM(B1:83) in cell A4.
9. Press Enter. The sum of cells B1 to B3, which is 63, appears.
Calculate an Average
You can use the AVERAGEfunction to calculate the average of a series of numbers.
want
1. Select cells A3 to D6. You must select all the cells containing the data you
chart. You should also include the data labels.
2. Choose the Insert tab.
3. Click the Column button in the Chart group. A list of column chart sub-types type
chart
and
appears. Clustered
Column
A is a
set of fomatting options. You can use a stveto change the color
Style
your chart. Excel 2007 has several predefined styles that you can
HOME TAB
values and
emphasize unusual
Styles Highlight interesting cells,
Conditional Formatting -
criteria.
icons sets based on
Color scales and
visualize data using Data
Bars, a table by choosing
a
of cells & convert it to
table- Quicklyformat
a range
Format as
also
pre-defined table style. pre-defined styles. You can
Extra
Employee by Empioye
Employer. Inrespedt 6t
Resource Allowance Salary
P.F:- Provident Fund
BILL SHEET
PER KG UNIT TOTAL CGST SGST DISCOUNT
ITEMNAME PRICE (KG) PRICE NET PAY
APPLE 120
(9%) (9%) (10%
1166.40
1080 97.2 97.20 108.00
ORANGE 90 45.00 486.00
450 40.5 40.50
POTATO 50 50 4.5 4.5 5.00 54.00
518.40
TOMATO 60 8 480 43.2 43.20 48.00
33.00 356.40
PEA 110 3 330 29.7 29.70 2581.20
TOTAL PAY
SGST:
=(Total Price 9%)J
=(Total Price 9%).J
CGST:
(Total Price 10%).
Discount:-
= ( T o t a l P r i c e + C G S T + S G S T - D i s c o u n t ) . J
Net Pay:
STOCK LIST
Date 01 May 2013
S.No. 1team Price Stock
Sale Discount GST
18%
Total ArmOue
Shirt 1299 10 2
15%
15% 18% 2516
T-Shirt 500 10 3
15% 18% 1545
Trauser 1999 10 4 8236
10 8 15% 18% 8232
Jeans 999
15% 18%
Suit 699 10 4
15% 18%
6 Blazer 6500 10 1
6695
60 22
Total
Closing Stock 38
HLOOKUUP
VLOOKUP
Full Form is Vertical Lookup Full Form is Horizontal Lookup
advertising,
What i s www?
different ways to different users be it
wide web is helpfal in It is both humorous
and informative
(www) world invention or
entertainment.
information
web to barter
information about current Business Organization,access
Agencies,
Institutions, Government
creating their own WebPages.
with millions of users be
I t is a store
hose ofinformation. Web pages.
documents called
It is a collection ofseveral
Components of WWW
electronic document
the
that stores the contents the
contents of a
page-Represent an
Web
website. Web pages displaying related
Website-Represents a set ofinterconnected
infomation on a particular subject Represents the address of a website on i
DISCUSSSOME QUESTIONS
What do you mean by Computer?
MS-Word is also known as?
MS-Excel is also known as?
By which option do we see the Slide Show?
Define Internet?
www Stands for?
What is Input& Output Devices?
What is mail Merge?
What do you understand by BASIC COURSE from JYOTI TECHNICAL TRAINING
INSTITUTE?