Sub Code: 1021

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080

Class: XII (Science) Time: 3 hours Full Marks: 75
Subject: Physics SET – 1

Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1. The approximate Horse power of an electric motor which transmits a torque of 30 Nm at
1200 rpm is:
a. 1200 π b. 8 π/5 c. 5/4π d. 500 π
2. The length of a simple pendulum is increased by 44 %. What is the percentage increase in its
time period?
a. 44 % b. 20 % c. 10 % d. 5 %
3. With a rise of temperature, the viscosity of a gas:
a. increases b. decreases c. does not change d. may increase or decrease
4. An ideal gas heat engine operates in Carnot cycle between 227°C and 127°C. It absorbs
6×104cal at the higher temperature. The amount of heat converted into work is equal to:
a. 4.8 × 104 cal b. 3.5 × 104 cal c. 1.6 × 104 cal d. 1.2 × 104 cal
5. If ΔU and ΔW represent the increase in internal energy and work done by the system
respectively in a thermo dynamical process, which of the following is true?
a. ΔU = −ΔW, in a adiabatic process b. ΔU = ΔW, in a isothermal process
c. ΔU = ΔW, in a adiabatic process d. ΔU = −ΔW, in a isothermal process
6. An echo of sound is heard after 12 seconds on a dry day. What is the corresponding time for
this sound on a humid day if the ratio of density of dry and humid air is 9:4?
a. 8 s b. 18 s c. 27 s d. 64 s
7. Huygens’s theory does not explain the phenomenon of
a. Interference b. diffraction c. Reflection and refraction d. polarization
8. What is the role of a transformer at a power station?
a. To reduce heating in the transmission lines by stepping up the current
b. To reduce heating in the transmission lines by stepping up the voltage
c. To increase heating in the transmission lines by stepping up the current
d. To increase heating in the transmission lines by stepping up the voltage
9. A positively-charged ion travelling at 250 m s–1 is fired between two parallel charged plates,
M and N. There is also a magnetic field present in the region between the two plates. The
direction of the magnetic field is into the page as shown. The ion is travelling perpendicular
to both the electric and the magnetic fields. The electric field between the plates has a
magnitude of 200 V m–1. The magnetic field is adjusted so that the ion passes through
undeflected. What is the magnitude of the adjusted magnetic field, and the polarity of the M
terminal relative to the N terminal?
M
X X X X
+
X X X X
N
Magnitude of magnetic field (teslas) Polarity of M relative to N
a. 0.8 Positive
b. 0.8 Negative
c. 1.25 Positive
d. 1.25 Negative
10. The neutral temperature of a thermocouple is 300oC. What is the temperature of
inversion, if the temperature of cold junction is 10 0C?
a. 590oC b. 610oC c. 310oC d. 290oC
11. S- waves produces a series of:
a. Contraction and expansions that are in the direction of wave propagation.
b. Snake like motions parallel to the earth’s surface.
c. Circular motions like an ocean wave.
d. Shearing motions that are at right angles to the direction of wave propagation.

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 1

 Group – B Short Answer Questions: [8×5=40]
12. a. What is simple harmonics motion? What is its main feature? [2]
b. The device pictured in the figure entertains infants while
keeping them from wandering. The child bounces in a
harness suspended from a door frame by a spring. (a) If the
spring stretches 0.250 m while supporting an 8.0-kg child,
what is its force constant? (b) What is the time for one
complete bounce of this child? (c) What is the child’s
maximum velocity if the amplitude of her bounce is 0.200m?
(g=9.8 m/s2 ) [3]
13. a. Explain ‘Surface Tension’ and ‘surface energy’. [2]
b. Derive the expression of capillary rise of a liquid in a capillary tube? [3]
OR
a. Define couple. Find the expression of the work done by couple. [3]
b. The power output of an automobile engine is advertised to be 200 HP at 6000 rpm.
What is the angular velocity and corresponding torque? [2]
14. P-V diagram of a gas is shown in the figure. In this figure AB represents isobaric process and
AD represents isothermal process.

a) Explain isobaric process and isothermal process. (2)

b) Using the above graph, find the process in which the work done is maximum. Give the
reason. (1)
c) If three moles of an ideal gas kept at a constant temperature of 300 K are compressed
from the volume of 10 litre to 5 litre, find work done. R= 8.31 J/mol K)
[2]
15. a. Define the principle of superpositon of waves. [2]
Calculate the velocity of the travelling pulse as shown in the figure below. The linear
mass density of pulse is 0.25 kg m-1. Further, compute the time taken by the travelling
pulse to cover a distance of 30 cm on the string. [3]

16. Two resistances, 20 Ω and 30 Ω, are connected

across the two gaps of a metre bridge as shown in
the following figure.
a. The bridge wire has diameter 0.5 mm and
resistance 2 Ω. The emf of the cell is 2 V.
Assume that the internal resistance of the cell is zero. Calculate (I) the resistivity (specific
resistance) of the material of the bridge wire (ii) the current provided by the cell when
the bridge is balanced. [3]
b. When the current is passed through the conductor , heat is produced in it. Derive the
expression for amount of heat produced according to Joule’s law of heating. [2]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 2

17. The coil of a moving coil galvanometer has 5 turns and each turn has an effective area of
2 × 10-2 m². It is suspended in a magnetic field whose strength is 4 × 10–2 Wb m–2. If the
torsional constant K of the suspension fibre is 4 × 10-9 N m deg-1.
(a) Find its current sensitivity in degree per micro - ampere. [2]
(b) Calculate the voltage sensitivity of the galvanometer for it to have full scale
deflection of 50 divisions for 25 mV. [2]
(c) Compute the resistance of the galvanometer. [1]
18. a. What is photoelectric effect? Write Einstein’s photoelectric equation. [2]
b. In an experiment tungsten cathode which has a threshold wavelength 2300Å is
irradiated by ultraviolet light of wavelength 1800Å. Calculate.
i. Maximum energy of emitted photoelectrons and
ii. Work function of tungsten. (Mention both the result in electron-volts) Planck’s
constant h = 6.62×10-34JS [3]
19. a. Derive Bragg’s law in X-ray diffraction. [3]
b. The ionization potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6 V. How much energy ( in Joule)
need to be supplied to ionize the hydrogen atom in the first excited state? [2]
or
a. What is junction diode? Discuss its application as full wave rectifier. [3]
b. Draw the truth table for two input AND and OR gates. [2]

Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]

20. The diagram shows a light source, slits and a translucent screen arranged for an experiment
on light. Light and dark bands form on the screen. The light has a wavelength of 590 nm. The
diagram is not to scale.

a. Explain how any one of the dark bands forms on the screen. [2]
b. The distance between the centres of the double slit is 0.15 mm, and the distance between
the double slit and the screen is 0.75 m. Calculate the distance on the screen from the
centre of the central maximum to the centre of a second-order bright band. [3]
c. Compare the three phenomenon ‘interference’ ‘diffraction’ and “polarization” of light?[3]
21. a. What do you mean by radiation hazard? What safety measures may be taken into
account in order to avoid it? [3]
b. Define Half-life of a radioactive active substance. Write the scheme of Beta decay. [2]
c. A small volume of a solution which contained a radioactive isotope of sodium had an
activity of 1200 disintegration per minutes, when it was injected into the blood
stream of a patient. After 30 hours the activity of 1 cm3 of blood was found to be 0.5
disintegrate per minute. If the half life of sodium isotope is taken as 15 hours, estimate
the volume of blood in patient. [3]
Or
a. State and explain Bragg’s law in X-ray diffraction. [3]
b. An electron is in the third excited state. How many different photon wavelengths are
possible ? [2]
c. Calculate the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron having kinetic energy 0.4 KeV.
( h=6.62x10-34 Js, me=9.1 x10-31 kg) [3]
22. a. Define magnetic permeability and magnetic susceptibility. [2]
b. Explain briefly, with the help of a labeled diagram, the basic principle of the working
of an a.c. generator. In an a.c. generator, coil of N turns and area A is rotated at f

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 3

 revolutions per second in a uniform magnetic field B. Write the expression for the emf
produced. [3]
c. A 100-turn coil of area 0.1 m2 rotates at half a revolution per second. It is placed in a
magnetic field 0.01 T perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the coil. Calculate the
maximum voltage generated in the coil. [3 ]
Or
The given circuit diagram shows a series LCR circuit connected to a variable frequency
230 V source. Here L=5.0 H, C=80 μ F, R=40Ω.

a. Determine the source frequency, which drives the circuit in resonance. [2]
b. Obtain the impedance of the circuit and the amplitude of current at the resonating
frequency. [3]
c. Determine the rms potential drops across the three elements of the circuit. [2]
d. How do you explain the observation that the algebraic sum of the voltage of the three
elements obtained in (c.) is greater than the supplied voltage? [1]

SET- 2
Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1. A wheel of moment of inertia 5 × 10 kg/m is making 20 rev/sec. The torque required
−3 2

to stop it in 10 sec is:

π π
a. Nm b. Nm c200π Nm d. 400π Nm
50 25
2. A hydraulic press has a ram of 15 cm diameter and
plunger of 1.5 cm. It is required to lift a weight of 1000
kg. The force required on the plunger is equal to:
a. 1 kg b. 10 kg
c. 100 kg d. 1000kg
3. Bernoulli’s Theorem is based on conservation of
a. Energy b. Mass c. Momentum d. None of above
4. Two samples A and B of an ideal gas, initially at the same pressure and temperature, are
V
compressed from volume V to 2 (A → isothermally and B → adiabatically). The final
pressure of A is:
a. Greater than the pressure of B b. Equal to the pressure of B
c. Less than the pressure of B d. Twice the final pressure of B
5. 70 calories of heat is required to raise the temperature of 2 mole of an ideal gas from
30°C to 35°C at constant pressure. The amount of heat required to raise the temperature
of the same gas through the same range is at constant volume is:
a. 30 Cal b. 98 Cal c. 50 Cal d. 70 Cal
6. A sound wave is set up in a long tube, closed at one end. The length of the tube is
adjusted until the sound from the tube is loudest.
What is the nature of the sound wave in the tube?
a. longitudinal and progressive b. longitudinal and stationary
c. transverse and progressive d. transverse and stationary
7. In a wave motion particle of the medium:
a. Do not move at all.
b. Oscillate simple harmonically about a mean position
c. Move along direction of propagation and execute simple harmonic oscillation.
d. Move in opposite direction to the direction of propagation.

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 4

 8. A coil of wire has 160 turns and diameter
2.4cm. The coil is situated in a uniform
magnetic field of flux density 7.5mT, as
shown in figure. The direction of the
magnetic field is along the axis of the coil.
The magnetic flux density is reduced to zero
in a time of 0.15s. What is the average emf
induced in the coil?
a. 3.6 mV b. 0.54 mV
c. 0.0225 mV d. 1V
9. An electron is travelling at speed v in a
straight line in a vacuum. It enters a uniform
magnetic field of flux density 8.0 × 10−4 T.
Initially, the electron is travelling at right
angles to the magnetic field, as illustrated in
Fig. The direction of the magnetic field is:
a. Downward along the plane of paper.
b. Upward along the plane of paper.
c. Perpendicularly inward to the plane of paper.
d. Perpendicularly outward to the plane of paper.
10. The temperature at which thermo emf is maximum is called:
a. Critical Temperature b. Temperature of inversion
b. Neutral Temperature d. Absolute Zero
11. Which of the following sequence correctly lists the arrivals of different waves during
earthquake?
a. P waves, S waves, Surface Waves b. Surface Waves, P waves, S waves
b. P waves, Surface Waves, S waves d. S waves, P waves, Surface Waves

Group – B Short Answer Questions: [8×5=40]

12. A metal plate is made to vibrate vertically by
means of an oscillator, as shown in Fig 1.1.
Some sand is sprinkled on to the plate. The
variation with displacement y of the acceleration a
of the sand on the plate is shown in Fig 1.2.
a. Use Fig. 1.2 to show how it can be deduced that
the sand is undergoing simple harmonic motion. [2]
b. Calculate the frequency of oscillation of the sand.[1]
c. The amplitude of oscillation of the plate is gradually
increased beyond 8mm. The frequency is constant. At
one amplitude, the sand is seen to lose contact with
the plate. For the plate when the sand first loses
contact with the plate, calculate the amplitude of
oscillation [2]

13. In an experiment, a spherical ball of radius r falls freely

through glycerin as shown in figure. F+U

(a) Sketch a graph showing the nature of variation of velocity of A

the ball with time. [1] r

(b) What happens to the magnitude of upward acting force F if the B

velocity increases? [1] w

[Fig: 14.7, A metal sphere of radius r falling

freely under gravity in a fluid.]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 5

 (c) Establish the expression for constant downward velocity of the ball. [3]
14. a. State first law of thermodynamics. [1]
b. Explain using first law of thermodynamics, how
workdone by a system is related to amount of heat
and internal energy of the system in case of
isothermal and adiabatic processes? [2]
c. PV diagram for a cyclic process is shown below.

i. Explain in which process AB, BC or CA the amount of

workdone is zero? [1]
ii. Calculate the total amount of workdone in a complete
cycle ABCA. [1]
15. A vehicle travels at constant speed around a wide circular
track. It continuously sounds its horn, which emits a single
note of frequency 1.2kHz. An observer is a large distance

away from the track, as shown in the view from above in Fig. 4.1.
Fig.4.2 shows the variation with time of the frequency f of the sound of the horn that is
detected by the observer. The time taken for the vehicle to travel once around the track
is T.
a. Explain why the frequency of the sound detected by the observer is sometimes
above and sometimes below 1.2kHz. [2]
b. State the name of phenomenon. [1]
c. The speed of the sound in the air is 320 m/s. Use Fig. 4.2 to determine the speed of
the vehicle. [2]
16. In Fig 5.1, a driving cell is connected to a uniform
wire XY having resistance 3Ω.The potential
difference between points X and Y is found to be
1.2V. A galvanometer and a cell of e.m.f. E with
negligible internal resistance are connected to the
circuit as in fig. The resistance wire between X and
Y has a length of 2.0m. The galvanometer has a
reading of zero when the connection P is adjusted
so that the length XP is 1.4m.
a. Determine the e.m.f. E of the cell. [2]
b. The circuit in Fig. 5.1 is modified by replacing
the original resistance wire with a second
resistance wire. The second wire has the same
length as the original wire and is made of the
same metal. The second wire has a smaller
cross-sectional area than the original wire.
Connection P is adjusted on the second wire so
that the galvanometer has a reading of zero. State and explain whether length XP for
the second wire is shorter than, longer than or the same as length XP for the original
wire when the galvanometer reading is zero. [3]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 6

 17. The aluminum frame ABCD of a window measures 85 cm × 60 cm, as illustrated in Fig.
The window is hinged along the edge AB.
When the window is closed, the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field, of
flux density 1.8 × 10−4T, is normal to the window.
a. Calculate the magnetic flux through the window. [2]
b. The window is now opened in a time of 0.20 s. When open, the plane of the window
is parallel to the Earth’s magnetic field. For the opening of the window calculate the
average e.m.f. induced in side CD of the frame. [3]
18. a. Describe the photoelectric effect. [2]
b. Data for the work function energy Φ of two metals are shown in table below.
Φ/J
Sodium 3.8 × 10−19
Zinc 5.8 × 10−19
Light of wavelength 420nm is incident on the surface of each of the metals
i. Calculate the energy of a photon of the incident light. [1]
ii. State whether photoelectric emission will occur from each of the metals. [2]
19. The spectrum of sunlight has dark lines. These dark lines are due to the absorption of
certain wavelengths by the cooler gases in the atmosphere of the Sun.
a. One particular dark spectral line has a wavelength of 590 nm. Calculate the energy of a
photon with this wavelength. [2]
b. Fig. 8.1 shows some of the energy levels of an isolated atom of helium.
i. Explain, with reference to the energy level diagram above, how a dark line in the
spectrum may be due to the presence of helium in the atmosphere of the Sun. [2]
ii. All the light absorbed by the atoms in the Sun’s atmosphere is re-emitted. Suggest
why a dark spectral line of wavelength of 590 nm is still observed from the Earth.
[1]

Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]

20. a. State the principle of superposition. [1]
b. An arrangement for demonstrating the interference of light is shown in Fig 9.1.

The wavelength of the light is 610 nm. The distance between the double slit and the
screen is 2.7m. An interference pattern of bright fringes and dark fringes is observed on

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 7

 the screen. The centers of the bright fringes are labelled B and centers of the dark
fringes are labelled D. Point P is the centre of a particular dark fringe and point Q is the
centre of a particular bright fringe, as shown in Fig. 9.1. The distance across five bright
fringes is 22mm.
i. The light waves leaving the two slits are coherent. State what is meant by
coherent. [1]
ii. Calculate the path difference, in nm, of the waves meeting at P. [2]
iii. Determine the distance a between the two slits. [2]
iv. A higher frequency of visible light is now used. State and explain the change to
the separation of the fringes. [2]
21. a. Radioactive decay is both random and spontaneous. State what is meant by:
(i) Random and (ii) Spontaneous. [2]
b. Define Half-life of a radioactive active substance. [1]
c. A sample of radioactive iodine-131 (53I ) of mass 5.87 × 10
131 −10
kg has an activity
of 2.92 × 10 Bq.
9

i. Determine the decay constant and half-life of iodine-131. [3]

ii. Suggest two reasons why a detector placed near to the sample in (b) would
record a count rate much less than 2.92 × 109 counts per second. [2]
22. a. State what is meant by magnetic field and magnetic field density. [2]
b. A rectangular piece of aluminum foil is situated in a uniform magnetic field of flux
density B, as shown in Fig. 11.1.

The magnetic field is normal to the face PQRS of the foil. Electrons, each of charge −q,
enter the foil at right angles to the face PQTV.
i. Copy fig. 11.1 in your answer sheet and shade the face of the foil on which electrons
initially accumulate. [1]
ii. Explain why electrons do not continuously accumulate on the face you have shaded.
[3]
c. The Hall voltage VH developed across the foil in (b) is given by the expression
BI
VH =
ntq
Where, I is the current in the foil.
i. State the meaning of the quantity n. [1]
ii. Using the letters on Fig. 11.1, identify the distance t. [1]

SET- 3
Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1) Which of the following point is the likely position of the centre of
mass of the system shown in the figure
a) A b) B
c) C d) D
2) The moment of momentum is called
a) couple b) liquid
c) impulse d) angular momentum

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 8

 3) During adiabatic compression of gas, its temperature
a) rises b) falls c) remains constant d) becomes zero
4) The efficiency of a Carnot’s engine where the temperature of source is 800K is 40%. By
what amount the temperature of sink is decreased so that its efficiency becomes 50%?
a) 50K b) 75K c) 80K d) 100K
5) Yellow light with a wavelength of 600 nm is used in diffraction grating experiment. The
grating has separation of 2.00μm. What would be the angular separation between the
first order and second order maxima?

a. 54.3° b. 36.9° c. 19.4° d. 17.5°

6) Evidence of wave nature of light cannot be obtained from
a) Reflection b) Doppler’s effect c) Interference d) Diffraction
7) A rectangular loop carrying a current i is situated near a long straight wire such that the
wire is parallel to the one of the sides of the loop and is in the
plane of the loop. If a steady current I is established in wire as
shown in figure, the loop will
a) rotate about an axis parallel to the wire.
b) move away from the wire or towards right.
c) move towards the wire.
d) remain stationary.
8) The magnetic material which remains perpendicular to the non-uniform magnetic field
is
a) Diamagnetic b) paramagnetic c) Ferromagnetic d) non-magnetism
9) When a charged particle enters in strong magnetic field, its kinetic energy:
a) increase b) decrease
c) remains constant d) first increase and becomes
constant
10) What quantity is increased in step down transformer
a) current b) voltage c) power d) frequency

11) Emission of electrons due to light is called

a) thermoionic mission b) photoelectric emission
c) both a and b d) none

Group – B Short Answer Questions: [8×5=40]

12) a. If the potential energy of a particle during SHM is 25J. When displacement is half
of amplitude, find the total energy. [2]
b. A disc of moment of inertia 5x10-4kgm2 is rotating freely about axis o through its
center at 40tpm as shown in fig. Calculate the new revolution per minute (r.p.m) if
some wax of mass 0.02kg is dropped gently on to the disc 0.08m from its axis.[3]
13) a. The kinetic velocity of a fluid is 0.1 Stokes. What will be the value is m2/s? [2]
b. Deduce an expression for the rise of a liquid in a capillary tube. [3]
14) a. When a monatomic gas at 270C is compressed suddenly to 8/27 of its
volume. What is the change in temperature. [3]
b. Distinguish between petrol engine and diesel engine. [2]
15) a. Can two persons on moon hear the sound of each other? Explain. [2]
b. What correction was made in Newton’s expression for the velocity of sound? Also
explain, how change of temperature and pressure affects the velocity of sound. [3]
16) (a) Mention two uses of X – rays .

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 9

 (b) Can total energy of an electron in an atom be positive? Justify. [1]
(c) Following figure represents the energy level diagram of an atom and the origin of six
spectral lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in the emission spectrum. Which of the spectral lines
(among 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) will also appear in the absorption spectrum? Justify your
C
answer.

B
6

A
4 5

X
1 2 3
17) a. What is the mass, momentum and energy of a photon of wavelength 1A? [2]
b. Describe working of full wave rectifier. [3]
18) a. Why do we prefer a potentiometer with long wire? [2]
b. A current od 0.5A is passes through a rectangular section of a semiconductor 4mm
thick which has majority carries of negative charge of free electrons. When a
magnetic field of 0.2 T is applied perpendicular to the section, a Hall voltage of 6.0
mV is produced between the opposite edges. Calculate the number of charge
carries per unit volume? [3]
19) a. The free electrons in a conductor are always in the state of motion even though no
force acts on the conductor on keeping it in a magnetic field until current is
passed in it. Why? [2]
b. A.C. mains of 200 volts and 50 Hz is joined to a circuit containing an inductance of
100mH and resistance of 20Ω in series. Calculate the power consumed. [3]

Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]

20) a. Explain with proper sketch, the different between wavefronts and wavelets. [2]
b. Discuss the Young’s double slit experiment and show that the width of bright and
dark fringes are equal. [3]
c. A plane transmission grating having 500 lines per mm is illuminate normally by
light sources of 60nm wavelength. How many diffraction maxima will be observed
on screen behind the grating? [3]
21) A particle of charge +q and mass
m is travelling with a constant
speed of 1.6 × 105 m/s in a
vacuum. The particle enters a
uniform magnetic field of flux
density 9.7 × 10-2 T, as shown in
Fig.
a. The magnetic field direction is perpendicular to the initial velocity of the particle and
perpendicular to, and out of, the plane of the paper. A uniform electric field is applied
in the same region as the magnetic field so that the particle passes undeviated
through the fields. (a) State and explain the direction of the electric field. [2]
b. Calculate the magnitude of the electric field strength. [3]
c. The electric field is now removed so that the positively-charged particle follows a
curved path in the magnetic field. This path is an arc of a circle of radius 4.0 cm.
Calculate, for the particle, the ratio q/m. [3]
22) a. The variation of potential difference V with 𝑙
of two potentiometer X and Y is as shown in
figure below. Which one of these two will you
prefer for comparing emfs of two cells and
why? [2]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 10

 b. In the circuit shown in figure,
using Kirchhoff’s laws, find
(i)the current in the 3.00  resistor,
(ii) the unknown emf E1,
(iii)the unknown emf E2. [3]

SET- 4
Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1) A hollow sphere and solid sphere of same mass and radius are allowed to roll down an
inclined plane from same height simultaneously. Which one will reach the bottom first?
a) hollow sphere b) solid sphere c) both together d) none
2) A sphere of mass 0.5 kg and diameter 1m rolls without sliding with a constant velocity
5m/s. calculate the fraction of total energy which is rotational.
a) ½ b) 2/7 c) 5/7 d)7/10
3) Rain drops fall with constant velocity due to
a) viscosity b) buoyancy c) gravity d) surface tension
4) A Carnot cycle contains:
a) Two isothermal processes only.
b) Two adiabatic processes only.
c) Two isothermal processes and two adiabatic processes.
d) Two isothermal and two isobaric processes.
5) During adiabatic compression of gas, its temperature
a) rises b) falls c) remains constant d) becomes
zero
6) An experiment was set up to
investigate light passing through
a diffraction grating with slit
spacing d. The fringe pattern
was observed on screen.
Which of the following gives the
angle between the two first-
order lines?
𝜆 𝜆 𝜆 𝜆
a. 2sin–1 (2𝑑) b. 2sin–1 ( 𝑑 ) c. sin–1 (2𝑑) d. sin–1( 𝑑 )
7) The polarizing angle between reflected and refracted rays is
a) 0° b) 45° c) 90° d) 180°

8) Three long, straight parallel wires, carrying current are

arranged as shown in the figure. The force experienced by a 25
cm length of wire C is
a) 10-3 N b) 2.5 × 10-3 N
c) zero d) 1.5 × 3 N

9) What is the net force on the rectangular coil?

a) 25 × 10-7 N towards wire. b) 25 × 10-7 N away from wire.

c) 35 × 10-7 N towards wire. d) 35 × 10-7 N away from wire.

10) With the increase in the frequency of ac supply, the inductive

reactant
a)decrease b)increase directly with frequency
c) increase as square of frequency d)decrease inversely with frequency

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 11

 11) Planck’s constant has the dimensions of
a) Energy b) Mass
c) Frequency d)Angular momentum

Group – B Short Answer Questions: [8×5=40]

12) a. A small mass of 0.2kg is suspended from a spring and produces on extension of
0.015m. The mass is now set into vertical oscillation of amplitude 10mm. what is the
period of oscillation? [3]
b. A ballet dancer stretches her arms to reduce her motion. Explain. [2]
13) a. What do you mean by amplitude and time period of an Oscillation? [1]
b. An object of mass 80 g oscillates with simple harmonic motion. The variation with
time t of the displacement x of the object is shown in Fig.

(i) Use Fig. to determine the amplitude and the period of the oscillations. [1]
(ii) Use Figure and your answers in (i) to calculate the kinetic energy of the object at
time t = 0.19 s [3]
14) a. Describe the working process of petrol engine. [3]
b. A gasoline engine tank in air at 25C and one atmospheric pressur and compresses
adiabatically to one tenth of its original volume. Find the final temperature and
pressure. ϒ = 1.4. [2]
15) a. A two- slit interference experiment is setup and the fringes are displayed on a screen.
Then the whole apparatus is immersed in a water. How does the fringe pattern
change? [2]
b. Calculate the polarizing angle for the light travelling from water of refraction index
1.33 to glass of refractive index 1.53. [3]
16) a. When light of frequency 5.4x1014Hz is shone on to a metal surface the maximum
energy of the electrons emitted is 1.2x10-19J. if the same surface illuminated with light
of frequency 6.6x1014Hz,the maximum energy of the electrons emitted is 2.0x10-19J.
Use this data to calculate the value for the Planck constant. [3]
b. Distinguish between stimulated emission and spontaneous emission. [2]
17) a. The value of e/m constant for cathode rays but not for the positive rays, why? [2]
b. A X-ray tube works at a dc potential difference of 50 KV. Only 0.4% of the energy of
the cathode rays is converted into X-ray and heat is generated in the target at the
rate of 500 watt. Estimate the current passes into the tube and velocity of the
electrons striking the target. [3]
( mass of electron = 9x10 kg, charge of electron = 1.6x10 C)
-31 -19

18) a. Define magnetic hysteresis? What is its significance? [2]

b. State Biot’s and Savart’s law and use it to obtain an expression for the magnetic field
at the center of a circular coil. [3]
19) a. Draw a circuit diagram of meter bridge to determine the resistance of wire. Write the
formula used. [2]
b. What is Hall probe? What is its use in modern life? Explain. [3]

Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]

20) a. A car is approaching towards a cliff at a speed of 20m/s. The driver sounds a whistle
of frequency 800Hz. What will be the frequency of the echo as heard by the car
driver? Velocity of sound in air = 350m/s.

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 12

 b. State the law of transverse vibration of string. Describe an experiment to verify the
law of length.
c. Define end correction and write down its expression.
21) a. What is depletion layer in the p-n junction?
b. Beta particles penetrate through a matter easily than that of alpha- particle of the
same energy. Why?
c. Explain Bragg’s law of diffraction of x-rays.
22) Figure shows a rectangular metal frame PQRS placed in a
uniform magnetic field.
The magnetic flux density is 4.5 × 10−3 T and the current in the
metal frame is 2.5 A.
a. Calculate the force experienced by side PQ of the frame. [3]
b. Suggest why side QR does not experience a force. [1]
c. Describe the motion of the frame immediately after the current
in the frame is switched on. [2]

SET- 5
Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1) A capillary tube of radius r can support a liquid of weight 6.28 × 10−4 𝑁. if the surface
tension of the liquid is 5 × 10−2 𝑁/𝑚. The radius of the capillary must be
a) 2.5 × 10−4 𝑚 b) 1.5 × 10−3 𝑚 c) 2 × 10−4 𝑚 d) 2 × 10−3 𝑚
2) When temperature of gas is increased its viscosity:
a) Remains constant b) Increases
c) Decreases d) First decreases then increases
3) Ice skaters use the principle of …….for spinning
a) Angular momentum b) Moment of inertia
c) Torque d) Radius of gyration
4) The heat energy having maximum efficiency work in between
a) 300k and 250k b) 600k and 300k c) 300K and 100k d) 100k and 10k
5) During an adiabatic expansion of 2 moles of gas, the internal energy of the gas is found
to decrease by 2J, the work done during the process will equal to:
a) 1J b) -1J c) 2J d) -2J
6) The vertical cross-section diagram
shows a water wave moving from left
and right. Which points on the diagram
show the water moving upwards with
maximum speed?
a. 1 and 3 b. 3 only
c. 1 and 4 d. 4 only
7) The wavelength of monochromatic light can
be determined using a diffraction grating.
This is shown in the diagram. The angle
between the first-order diffraction maxima
is 60°, and the spacing of the slits is 1.15 ×
10–6 m.
a. 575 nm b. 498nm
c. 996 nm d. 287 nm
8) A cylindrical bar magnet is rotated about its axis (Figure). A wire is
connected from the axis and is made to touch the cylindrical surface
through a contact. Then
a) a direct current flows in the ammeter A.
b) no current flows through the ammeter A.
c) an alternating sinusoidal current flows through the ammeter A with a time period T
= 2πω

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 13

 d) a time varying non-sinosoidal current flows through the ammeter.
9) Current flows through uniform, square frames as shown in the figure. In which case is
the magnetic field at the centre of the frame not zero?

10) Alternating current can be produced by a

a) dynamo b) choke coil c) transformer d) electric motor
11) The angular moments of electron in hydrogen atom is proportional to
a) r b) √r c) r2 d) 1/r

Group – B Short Answer Questions: [8×5=40]

12) a. The shear stress at a point in liquid is founded to be 0.03N/m2. The velocity gradient
at the point is 0.15s-1. What will be the viscosity (in poise)? [3]
b. Airports at high elevation have longer runways for take offs and landings than the
airports at sea level, why? [2]
13) a. A needle 5cm long can rest on the surface of the water without wetting. What is its
weight? Surface tension of water=0.07N/m. [3]
b. Obtain an expression of time period of mass m attached in a horizontal spring placed
on a smooth table. [3]
14) a. A carnot heat engine has an efficiency of 40%. The temperature of sink is 300 k. By
how much should the temperature of sources be increase so that the efficiency be
60%. [2]
b. Prove 𝐶𝑝 − 𝐶𝑣 =R, where the symbols have their usual meaning. [3]
15) a. How wide is the central diffraction peak on a screen 3.5m behind a 0.010mm slit
illuminated by 500nm light? [2]
b. Discuss the polarization by reflection and prove Brewster’s law. [3]
16) a. The figure aside shows the experimental
setup of Millikan’s oil drop experiment.
Find the expression for a charge of an oil
drop of radius r moving with constant
velocity v in a downward direction using a
free body diagram. [2]
b. What will be the expression for the charge
of an oil drop if the electric force is greater
than its weight? [1]
c. Determine the electric field supplied when the electric force applied between the
two horizontal plates just balances an oil drop with 4 electrons attached to it and of
mass 1.3x10-14 kg. [2]
17) Mention any two external factors that can affect count-rate recorded by a radioactive
radiation counter. [1]
Figure below Shows the count rate recorded when a sample of the isotope indium-116
decays.

a. Use the graph to find the half-life of the isotope. [2]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 14

 b. Calculate the decay constant. [2]
18) a. Why is steel preferred in permanent magnet?
b. Find an expression for torque on rectangular coil in a uniform magnetic field.
19) a. A solenoid tends to contract when a current passes through it. Why?
b. A copper wire has 1029 free electron per cube meter, a cross section area of 2mm2 and
carries a current of 5A. calculate the force acting on each electron if the wire is now
placed in a magnetic field of flux density 0.15T which is perpendicular to the wire.
Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]
20) a. A stationery motion detector sends sounds waves of 120 km/hr. What is the
frequency of wave reflected back to detector? (velocity of sound in air = 340 m/s) [3]
b. Show that both harmonics, odd and even, can be produced in an organ pipe open at
both side. [3]
c. Is velocity of sound more in damp air or in dry air? Explain. [2]
21) a. Explain Millikan's experiment to verify Einsten's photoelectric equation. How do you
find the value of h? [3+1]
b. Electromagnetic radiation of wavelength λ is incident
on a metal surface. Electrons of maximum kinetic
energy EMAX are emitted.
i. Sketch the variation with 1/λ of EMAX. [2]
ii. Explain why, for any particular wavelength of
electromagnetic radiation, most of the electrons
are emitted with kinetic energies less than the maximum value EMAX. [2]
22) a. What will be effect if the magnetic field in a moving coil galvanometer is not radial? [2]
b. Find an expression for torque on rectangular coil in a uniform magnetic field. [3]
c. An electron of K.E. 10eV is moving in a circular orbit of radius 11cm, in a plane at right
angles to a uniform magnetic field. Determine the value of flux density. [3]

SET- 6
Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1. The product of moment of inertia and angular velocity gives
a) force b) torque c) linear momentum d) angular momentum
2. The bob of a simple pendulum has a mass of 0.40 kg. The pendulum oscillates with a period
of 2.0 s and an amplitude of 0.15m. At an extreme point in its cycle, it has a potential energy
of 0.044J. What is the kinetic energy of the pendulum bob at its mean point?
a) 0.022 J b) 0.044 J c) 0.011 J d) 0.033 J
3. What causes earthquakes?
a) The flow of magma b) The expansion of the earth’s crust
c) The rubbing together of earth’s plates d) Tsunami
4. What percentage of original radioactive atoms is left after 4 half-lives?
a) 1% b) 6% c) 10% d) 20%
5. Two wave pulses travel toward each other as shown in the
diagram below.
Which of the following diagrams represents the superposition of
the pulses when they meet?

6. Which one of the following properties of sound is affected by the change in air temperature?
a) amplitude b) frequency c) wavelength d) intensity

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 15

7. Internal energy of an ideal gas depends on
a) volume only b) pressure only
c) temperature only d) both pressure and volume
8. In which of the following processes of the gas, work done is the maximum?
a) Isothermal b) Isobaric c) adiabatic d) Isochoric
9. The neutral temperature of a thermocouple is equal to 500°c when the temperature of cold
junction is 0°C. Percentage change in the temperature of inversion when temperature of
cold junction is equal to 20°c is
a) 2% b) 3% c) 4% d) 5%
10. In which of the following circuits the maximum power dissipation is observed?
a) a circuit having inductor and resistor in series b) pure resistive circuit
c) pure inductive circuit d) pure capacitive circuit
11. Why laminated cores are placed in transformers?
a) to reduce hysteresis loss b) to reduce eddy current
c) to reduce the magnetic effect d) to increase coercivity

Group – B Short Answer Questions: [8×5=40]

12. a. Define simple harmonic motion. [1]
b. Derive an expression for the time period of oscillation for a mass m attached to a
vertical spring of force constant k. [3]
c. What will be the time period of this system if it is taken inside thesatellite? [1]
13. a. State Bernoulli’s principle. [1]
b. Figure below shows a liquid of density 1200kgm-3 flowing steadily ina tube of varying
cross-sections. The cross-section at point A is 1.0 cm2 and that at B is 20 mm2, points A
and B are in the same horizontalplane. The speed of the liquid at A is 10 cm/s. Calculate
i. the speed at B. [2]
ii. the difference in pressure at A and B. [2]

14. a. Draw a PV diagram of a petrol engine and explain its working based on its PV diagram.
[3]
b. Compare the efficiency of petrol engine with that of diesel enginebased on their
compression ratios. [2]
15. a. When the wire of a sonometer is 75 cm long, it is in resonance witha tuning fork. On
shortening the wire by 0.5 cm it makes 3 beats with the same fork. The beat is the
difference in frequencies. Calculate the frequency of the tuning fork. [ 3]
b. The diagram below shows an experiment to measure the speed of a sound in a string.
The frequency of the vibrator is adjusted until the standing wave shown in the diagram
is formed.

i. The frequency of the vibrator is 120Hz. Calculate the speed at whicha progressive
wave would travel along the string. [2]
16. a. State Lenz law in electromagnetism. Justify this law is in favor ofthe principle of
conservation of energy. [1+2 =3]
b. A magnet is quickly moved in the direction indicated by an
arrow between two coils C1 and C2 as shown in the figure.
What will be the directionof induced current in each coil as
indicated by the movement of magnet?Explain. [2]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 16

17. a. State the principle of the Potentiometer. A potentiometer is
alsocalled a voltmeter of infinite resistance, why? [1+1=2]
b. In the meter bridge experiment, the balance point was
observed at J with l=20cm.
i. The values of R and X were doubled and then
interchanged. What would be the new position of balance
point? [2]
ii. If the galvanometer and battery are interchanged at the
balance position, how will the balance point get affected? [1]
OR
i. State the two Kirchhoff’s laws for electrical
circuits. [2]
ii. In Meter Bridge shown below, the null point
is found at a distance of 60.0 cm from A. If
now a resistance of 5 ohm is connected in
series withS, the null point occurs at 50 cm.
Determine the values of R and S. [3]
Fig. Meter Bridge
18. The graph below shows the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons as
the frequency of the incident radiation on a sodiumplate is varied.

a. From the graph determine the maximum frequency of incidentradiation that can
cause a photoelectric effect? [1]
b. Calculate the work function for sodium. [2]
c. Use the graph to calculate the value of the Planck constant in Js. [2]
19. a. Figure below shows the experimental setup of Millikan’s oil dropexperiment. Find
the expression for a charge of an oil drop of radius r moving with constant velocity v
in a downward direction using a freebody diagram. [2]

b. What will be the expression for the charge of an oil drop if theelectric force is
greater than its weight? [1]
c. Determine the electric field supplied when the electric force applied between the two
horizontal plates just balances an oil drop with 4 electrons attached to it and of mass
1.3x10-14 kg. [2]
OR
a. A diode can be used as a rectifier. What characteristic of a diode is used in rectification?
[1]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 17

 b. Draw a circuit diagram of full wave rectifier. [1]
c. A NOR gate ‘opens’ and gives an output only if both inputs are ‘low’, but an OR gate
‘closes’. An AND gate ‘opens’ only if both inputs are ‘high’, but a NAND gate ‘closes’.
Construct a truth table for the circuit shown below including the states at E, F and G. [3]

Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]

20. a. What is the significance of the negative energy of the electron in an orbit? [1]
b. The energy levels of an atom are shown in Fig. below. Which one of these transitions
will result in the emission of a photon of wavelength 275 nm? Explain with
calculation. (h= 6.64 x10-34Js, C= 3.0x108 ms-1) [3]

c. Find the expression for the wavelength of radiation emitted from a hydrogen atom
when an electron jumps from higher energy level n2 to the lower energy level n1. [2]
d. Calculate the magnitude of the wavelength of the second Balmerseries?
(R =1.09x107 m-1) [2]
21. a. A student is trying to make an accurate measurement of the wavelength of green light
from a mercury lamp (λ = 546 nm). Using a double slit of separation of 0.50 mm, he
finds he can see ten clear fringeson a screen at a distance of 0.80 m from the slits. He
then tries an alternative experiment using a diffraction grating that has 3000 lines/cm.
i. What will be the width of the ten fringes that he can measure in the first experiment? [2]
ii. What will be the angle of the second-order maximum in the second experiment? [2]
iii. Suggest which experiment you think will give the more accurate measurement of
wavelength (). [1]
b. A physics student went to buy polaroid sunglasses. The shopkeeper gave him two
similar-looking sunglasses. In what way he can differentiate between polaroid
sunglasses and non-polaroid sunglasses? [1]
c. At what angle of incidence will the light reflected from water ( = 1.3) be completely
polarized? [2]
OR
a. In what way does the intensity of sound heard by an observer change ifthe distance
with the source changes by four times? [1]
b. A train is traveling at 30m/s in still air. The frequency of the note emittedby the train
whistle is 262Hz. What frequency is heard by a passenger on the other train moving in
the opposite direction to the first at 18m/s
i. when approaches the first and
ii. when receding from the first?( velocity of sound= 340 m/s) [2+2]
b. In a sinusoidal sound wave of moderate loudness, the maximum pressure variations are
of the order of 3.0x10-2 Pa above and below theatmospheric pressure. Find the
corresponding maximum displacement if the frequency is 1000 Hz. In air at normal
atmospheric pressure and density, the speed of sound is 344m/s and the bulk modulus
of the medium is 1.42x105 Pa. [3]
22. a. What is choke coil? [1]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 18

 b. Why is it preferred over a resistor in ac circuit? [2]
c. In figures (a), (b) and (c) three ac circuits with equal currents havebeen shown.
i. If the frequency of e.m.f.be increased, then what will be effect on thecurrents flowing

in them? Explain. [3]

ii. What difference do you expect in the opposition provided by circuits for the current
flow in figure (a) and (b) if given a.c. e.m.f. is replaced byits equivalent d.c. e.m.f. ? [2]
OR
a. Define 1 Ampere of current in terms of force between two parallelcurrent-carrying
conductors. [1]
b. How do you explain the contraction of the solenoidal coil while thecurrent is passed
through it? [2]
c. A conductor of linear mass density
0.2 g m-1 suspended by two flexible wires as shown
in the figure. Suppose the tension in the supporting
wires is zero when it is kept inside the magnetic
field of 1T whose direction is into the page.
i. Compute the current inside the conductor. [3]
ii. If the current determined in part (i) is passed through a
100-turn coil of 100 cm2 area with its axis held
perpendicular to the magnetic field of flux density 10 T
and plane of coil parallel to the field, how much torqueis
produced? [2]

SET- 7
Group – A
Circle the best alternatives. [11×1=11]
1. Which quantity in rotational motion is analogous to mass in linear motion?
a. Torque b. Moment of inertia c. angular momentum d. angular velocity
2. Thousand smaller drops of water of equal size combine to form a big drop. What is the ratio of
final surface energy to total initial surface energy?
a. 10:1 b. 1:10 c. 1000:1 d.1:100
3. The time period of a simple pendulum is T. What is its time period when its effective length
becomes four times?
a. 4T b. 2T c. T d. T/2
4. An ideal gas is taken through series of changes represented in diagram.
The work done by the gas at the end of cycle is equal to
a. P1V1 b. 3P1V1 c. 6P1V1 d. Zero
5. When the door of a refrigerator is left open in a room, the temperature
of the room will
a. increase b. decrease
c. remains same d. first increase then decrease
6. By what factor velocity of sound increases in a stretched string when the tension in it increases
by four times?
a.4 b. 2 c. ½ d. ¼
7. What is the angle between reflected and refracted beam for completely plane polarized light?
a. 0° b. 45° c. 60° d. 90°
8. Which one of the followings is the phenomenon of production of emf by maintaining a
difference of temperature between the two junctions of dissimilar metals?
a. Joule effect b. See-beck effect c. Peltier effect d. Thomson effect

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 19

9. The north pole of a magnet is brought near a metallic ring as shown in figure. What will be the
direction of induced current in the ring?
a. Anticlockwise b. Clockwise
c. First anticlockwise and then clockwise d. First clockwise and then anticlockwise
10. Ultraviolet radiation of 6.2 eV falls on an aluminum surface of work function 4.2 eV, the
maximum kinetic energy will be:
a. 4.2 × 10-17 J b. 3.2 × 10-19 J c. 1.4× 10-18 J d. 2.6 × 10-16 J
11. Which waves are most dangerous in earthquake?
a. Rayleigh waves b. love waves c. P- waves d. S-waves

12. a. Define moment of inertia of a body. Write any two factors on which it depends.[1+1]
b. An electric fan is turned off and its angular velocity decreases uniformly from
200 rev/min to 50 rev/min in 2 seconds.
i. Calculate, the angular acceleration. [1]
ii. Number of revolutions made by the fan in 2 seconds interval. [1]
iii. How many additional seconds are required to come to rest? [1]
OR
a. After landing on an unfamiliar planet, a space explorer constructs a simple pendulum of
effective length 50 cm. She finds that the pendulum makes 100 complete swings in 136
seconds. What is the value of g on this planet? [3]
b. For a simple pendulum, show that acceleration is directly proportional to displacement of
bob from its mean position. [2]
13. In an experiment, a spherical ball of radius r falls freely through
glycerin as shown in figure.
a. Sketch a graph showing the nature of variation of velocity of the
ball with time. [1]
b. What happens to the magnitude of upward acting force F if
the velocity increases? [1]
c. Establish the expression for constant downward velocity of the
ball. [3]
14. a. What is meant by entropy? Can the first law of
thermodynamics be expressed in terms of entropy?
Justify. [1+1]
b. An ice-making machine operates in a Carnot cycle. It takes heat from water at 0°C and
rejects heat to a room at 24°C. Suppose that 5 kg of water at 0°C are converted to ice at 0°C.
How much heat is rejected to the room? [Latent heat of fusion of ice=80 cal/g) [3]
15. a. Two narrow slits are illuminated by a single monochromatic source, now one slit is
completely covered. Construct the intensity pattern on the screen. [1]
b. A parallel beam of monochromatic light is allowed to fall normally on a plane
transmission grating having 5000 lines/cm and second order spectral line is found to be
diffracted at 300. Calculate the wavelength of light. [2]
c. In physics lab, you are given a plane mirror in which polished surface has been erased
along two fine parallel lines separated by very small distance.
i. If you send laser light from polished side of the mirror and hold the mirror such that
reflecting surface facing parallel to the white wall, identify the physical phenomenon you
observe on that white wall. [1]
ii. Justify the changes in the observations when you go towards white wall holding mirror
in a same way. [1]
OR
a. Construct wave-front and wavelets from a candle source. [2]
b. Study the phenomenon shown in the figure given below.

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 20

 i. Using the geometry given in the figure, explain why does the size of dotted circle
decreases as we proceed towards point D from point A? [2]
ii. Are the lines PP’ and AA’ equal? Justify. [1]
16. a. State and explain Biot and Savart’s law. [2]
b. A proton moving in a straight line enters into a uniform magnetic field along the field
direction. How will its path changes? [1]
c. A D.C current passes through a helical coiled spring. Predict the change in length of spring
and in the length of wire that makes spring. [2]
17. a. Define eddy currents. Write its two uses. [1+1]
b. A coil has N number of turns and the magnetic flux linking the coil changes from 1 and
2 in time 't' . Write mathematical expression for induced emf. [1]
c. Figure shows a conducting rod PQ of length l is placed on
two metallic rails CD and MN in a uniform magnetic field of
strength B. Suppose, the rod moves through a small
distance x with velocity v perpendicular to its own length
towards the right.
i. Estimate the response of galvanometer connected to the
ends point P and Q. [1]
ii. If velocity of the conducting rod is not exactly perpendicular
to B but makes an angle with it then, estimate the
change in response of the galvanometer. [1]
18. a. Define X- rays. Write any two uses of X-rays. [2]
b. Can total energy of an electron in an atom be positive?
Justify. [1]
c. Following figure represents the energy level diagram of an atom and the origin of six s
pectral lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 in the emission spectrum. Which of the spectral lines
(among 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) will also appear in the absorption spectrum? Justify your
answer. [2]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 21

 0.693
19. a. Derive the expression 𝑇1/2 = for a radioactive phenomenon where, the symbols

carry their usual meanings. [2]
b. What happens if a neutron decays emitting a beta particle? [1]
c. Two radioactive samples have different values of decay constants, one smaller and another
lower. Which sample will decay with slow rate? Sketch a graph showing the variation of
activities of these samples with time. [2]

Group – C Long Answer Questions: [3 × 8 = 24]

20. a. A student sitting on the bench feels increasing pitch of sound as the teacher approaches to
him/her while explaining a lesson. Why? [2]
b. In the figure given below, figure (a) represents situation that a source of sound and
listener are at rest at position S and L respectively. Figure (b) represents relative motion
between moving source and stationary listener.

i. Does the pitch of sound changes to the listener in second case? [1]
ii. Develop an expression to support your answer in (i). [3]
c. The data given below was obtained during an investigation into the
relationship between the different velocities of a moving source of sound and
frequencies detected by a stationary listener for each velocity. The effect of wind was
ignored. Use the information in the table to calculate the speed of sound during the
investigation. [2]
Experiment 1 2 3 4
Velocity of the source of sound (ms-1) 0 10 20 30
Frequency of the sound detected by the 900 874 850 827
stationary listener (Hz)
21. a. The variation of potential difference V with length 𝑙 of two potentiometers X and Y is as
shown in figure below. Which one of these two will you prefer for comparing emfs of two
cells and why? [2]

b. In the circuit shown in figure, using Kirchhoff’s laws, find

i. the current in the 3.00  resistor,
ii. the unknown emf E1,
iii. the unknown emf E2. [3]

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 22

 b. You have given a galvanometer of coil resistance G, a low resistance S and a high
resistance R to measure the current flowing through a wire connected with a DC supply.
Construct to measure the current using above component, whichever necessary. Also
develop an expression to measure current.
OR
a. A lamp is connected in series with a capacitor. Predict your observations with dc and ac.
What happens in each case if the capacitance of a capacitor is reduced? [1+1]
b. A constant voltage a.c. generator of 20 Vr.m.s. and variable frequency is connected in
series with a resistor, of resistance 2.0  a coil of inductance 5 H and a capacitor of
capacitance 2.0 F as shown in figure. The frequency is adjusted until the current in the
circuit has a maximum value of 2.0 A r.m.s. Calculate
i. the value of this frequency for maximum current,
ii. inductive reactance and
iii. capacitive reactance. [3]
c. Develop a phase relation between current and emf in an ac circuit containing capacitance
only. [2]
d. An inductance of 1 Henry is connected to 220 V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate the maximum
value of current. [1]
22. a. What is meant by specific charge? Obtain its value for alpha particle. [1+1]
b. A beam of electrons is under the potential difference of 1.36 × 104V applied across two
parallel plates 4 cm apart and a magnetic field 2 × 10-3 T at right angles to each other.
[Given; mass of electron = 9.1 × 10-31 kg].
i. State the condition necessary for the beam to remain undeflected. Also, sketch the forces
acting on the electronic beam. [2]
ii. If two fields produce no deflection in the electronic beam, calculate the velocity of
electrons. [2]
iii. Explain what would happen to the nature of motion of the electronic beam, if the electric
field between the parallel plate is made zero. [2]
OR
a. Are diodes Ohmic conductors? Justify. [2]
b. Draw a rectifier circuit using two diodes. [2]
c. Summarize the input and output signals of the rectifier circuit graphically. [2]
d. Explain what would happen if one of the two diodes is damaged so that it stops
conducting totally in any direction. Show the input and output signals of the circuit
graphically in this situation. [2]

Best Of Luck

MODEL QUESTIONS – 2080 XII SCIENCE Page 23