Angles

In geometry, an angle can be defined as the figure formed by two straight lines meeting at a
common end point.
An angle is represented by the symbol ∠. Here, the angle below is ∠AOB.

Parts of an Angle:
Arms: The two rays joining to form an angle are called arms of an angle. Here, OA and OB
are the arms of the ∠AOB.
Vertex: The common end point at which the two rays meet to form an angle is called
the vertex. Here, the point O is the vertex of ∠AOB.

Types of angle
Angles can be classified on the basis of their measurements as
An acute Angle is an angle that measures less than 90 degrees
A right Angle is an angle which is equal to 90°,
An obtuse Angle is an angle has a measurement greater than 90 degrees but less than 180
degrees.
A straight Angles is an angle is 180 degrees
A reflex Angles is an angle that is more than 180deg but less than 360deg
A complete Angle is a straight line makes an angle of 360∘

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Interior and Exterior Angles:

Interior angle

 An interior angle of a polygon is an angle inside the polygon at one of its vertices.

 The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a polygon with n sides is (n –
2)180.

 The measure of each interior angle of an equiangular n-gon is

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Exterior angle

 An exterior angle of a polygon is an angle outside the polygon formed by one of its
sides and the extension of an adjacent side.

 If you count one exterior angle at each vertex, the sum of the measures of the exterior
angles of a polygon is always 360°.

Terms related to sum of angles

Complementary angles add up to 900

Supplementary angles add up to 1800

Polygons
Polygons are usually defined by the number of sides that they have.

(a) A triangle
Is a three-sided polygon. Triangles can be defined by the length of the sides.
(i) Equilateral triangle has all sides equal and all its internal angles are 600.
(ii) Isosceles triangle has two equal sides, with the third one a different length. Two of
the internal angles are equal
(iii) Scalene triangle has all the three sides and all the three internal angles different
(iv) Right angled triangle has one of the angle = 900
(v) All internal angles of triangles add up to 1800.

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Quadrilaterals

This are four-sided polygons

The internal angles of all quadrilaterals add up to 3600.

They include the square, rectangle, rhombus, parallelograms, trapezium and kite

(i) Square: all its sides are equal and each of its internal angles is equal to 900
(ii) Rectangle: has four internal angles each equal to 900 and equal opposite sides
(iii) Parallelogram has equal opposite sides and angles
(iv) Rhombus has all sides equal and equal opposite angles
(v) Trapezium: has two parallel sides and unequal angle
(vi) Kite has two pairs of equal adjacent sides, the shape has an axis of symmetry

Parallel lines
These are lines that are always same distance apart and will never meet.
Transversal line is a line that cuts through two or more parallel lines
The following about parallel lines are equal

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Revision questions
1. In the diagram below, what is angle a?

2. In the diagram below, find the size of angle x

3. In the diagram below, which of the angles, Q, R is

the same as the angle marked a?

4. In the triangle DBF, angle DEF = 60° and angle DFE = 42°. Find the size of angle DSE.

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5. In the diagram below, which of the angles, Q, R is
the same as the angle marked a?

6. In the diagram below, LM is parallel to PQ. Find the Value of x.

7. In the figure below, find the value of angle x

8. Find the size of the angle marked x in the figure below. BC is parallel to AD.

B C
840

X
A D

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9. The figure below is an isosceles triangle, find the value of x.

10. In the figure below, find the size of angle marked x.

11. Find the size of the angle marked S in the figure below:

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12. In the figure below, BCD is a triangle and ABC is a straight line; Find the value of t.

13. Find the value of the angle marked (2x +10)° in the figure below:

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14. Find the value of angle P in the figure below:

15. Find the value of x in the figure below.

16. In the diagram below AE is parallel to CD. Find the size of angle r.

17. In the diagram below, ABC is an isosceles triangle. Find the value of P at A

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18. Find the value of x in the figure below.

19. Find the value of x in the figure below

20. Study the triangle below and use it to answer the questions that follow. A

i) Find the value of t.

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ii) Find the size of angle ABC.

21. Find the value of the angle marked p in the figure below.

22. Find the complement of an angle of 70°.

23. Find the size of angle y in the figure below.

24. Two angles are supplementary. If one of them is 28°, find the other angle.

25. Find the value of x in the figure below.

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26. In the diagram below, XTS is parallel to PYQR. Use it to find the size of angle Z.

27. Find the complement of the angle of 250

28. In the triangle PQR, angle PQR = 780, angle PRQ=420 and angle PQS = 320. Find the size of angle
PSQ.
Q

320

420
R
P
S

29. Find the size of one of the exterior angles of a regular octagon.

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30. In the figure below, AB is parallel to CD, find the value of x

A 3x0 B
600

C D

31. The figure below is an isosceles triangle. Find the size of angle x
C

400

x0
A B

32. Find the valve of Y in the figure below.

Y0

1250

33. Find the value of x in the figure below.

280

2x0

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34. In the diagram below, PTUV is a straight line, angle TSU =400, angle SUV=1500 and angle
PQT=300.use the given information to find the value o the angle marked k and n.
(04 marks)

P T U V
0 0
n k
1500
0
40

300
S

35. Find the value w in the figure below

350

350 800

W0

36. In the diagram below, CAB is a triangle and DCA a triangle line. Study it and answer the
question below(3marks)

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(a) What is the valve of Y?
B

y+50

4y+200 2y+250
D C A

(b) What the size of angle ACB? (3mark)

37. In the figure below, find the value of n in degrees.

1080

n0

38. In the triangle below, find the size of angle g in degrees.

g0

700

39. In the diagram below, OP is parallel to QR, HKL is triangle, angle HLR=1100 and angle
SHP= 50o

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 Study it and answer the questions that follow.
S

H 500
O P

y 1100
Q R
K L

Find the size of

(a) Angle y: (2marks)

(b) angle M (3mark)

40. In the diagram below, find the valve of x.

x0
550

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41. In the figure below, find the bearing of town B from town A.
N

A
550

B
42. 36 In the diagram below, line AB is parallel to CD and BCD is an isosceles triangle. Study it
carefully and use it to answer the questions that follow.
A B

7x0 3x0

C D

(a) Find the value of X (3marks)

(b) Work out the size of angle ABC (2marks)

43. In the diagram below, find the valves of K

P Q
500 500
0
K

R S

. (a) The interior angle of a regular polygon is 36 more than its exterior angle. What is the size of each
exterior angle? (02marks)

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(b) In the figure below DE is parallel to FG, angle ODE =1270 and angle OFG=1360. Calculate the size of
angle x.

(02marks)

D
E
1270

O x

1360
G
F

44. Find the value of X in the diagram below.

3x0 2x0

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45. In the figure below, BCD is a straight line. Line BX bisects angle ABC. Line AB is parallel to line XC.
Angle BCE = 500 and angle BAC =700
A
X

700
E

a 500
B
C D

Find the size of the angles:

(i) CEX (04 marks)

(ii) DCX (01 marks)

46. Find the size of angle y the figure below.

1300
y0

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47. In the figure below line AB is parallel to CD, Angle CTV = 44 and angle TQR=56. Study use
it to answer the questions that follow:

Q R
A B
560 g 0

0
k

C D
440 T

Find the size of

(a) Angle k (02mark)

(b) Angle g (02mark)

48. In the triangle below, find the value of d in degrees

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49. Study the figure below and use it to answer the questions that follow.

(a) Find the value of g (03marks)

(b) Calculate the size of angle RST

50. Find the value of p in degrees in the diagram below

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51. (a) The interior angle of a regular polygon is 108 more than the exterior angle. How
many sides has the polygon? (03marks)

(b) Find size of angle z in the figure below

52. In the diagram below, line DH is parallel to FE. Angle ACB = 750 and angle CBE = 1350.
Angle FAD is twice angle DAC. Study the diagram and use it to answer the questions
that follow.

D C H

750

1350

F A B E

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 (a) Calculate the size of angle DAC (03marks)

(b) Find the size of angle A

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Suggested solution
1. In the diagram below, what is angle a?

55° +550 +a = 180° (angle sum of triangle)

1100 +a=1800

1100-1100+a=1800-1100

a = 700

2. In the diagram below, find the size of angle x

Solution

600+x=1100

600-600+x=1100-600

x=500

3. In the diagram below, which of the angles, Q, R is

the same as the angle marked a?

Solution

R (vertical angles are equal)

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4. In the triangle DBF, angle DEF = 60° and angle DFE = 42°. Find the size of angle DSE.

Finding angle EDF first,

<EDF + 420 + 600 = 1800

<EDF + 1020 = 1800

<EDF + 1020 -1020 = 1800 – 1020

<EDF = 780

Now <DSE + 780 + 300 = 1800

<DSE + 1080 = 1800

<DSE + 1080 – 1080 = 1800 – 1080

<DSE = 720

5. In the diagram below, which of the angles, Q, R is

the same as the angle marked a?

Solution

Q (vertical angles are equal)

6. In the diagram below, LM is parallel to PQ. Find the Value of x.

< 𝑃𝑄𝐿 = < 𝑄𝐿𝑀 = 500

 600 + 500 + x = 1800 (angle sum of triangle)
 x = 1800 – (1100)
 x = 700

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7. In the figure below, find the value of angle x

Angle BAC = angle ACB

300 + x + x = 1800

300 + 2x = 1800

2x = 1800 -300

x = 750

8. Find the size of the angle marked x in the figure below. BC is parallel to AD.

B C
840

X
A D

84 + x = 180

x = 180 – 84

= 960

9. The figure below is an isosceles triangle, find the value of x.

4x = x +30

4x – x = 30

3x = 30

x = 100

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10. In the figure below, find the size of angle marked x.

< 𝐵𝐴𝐶 =< 𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 180 − 130 = 500

< 𝐵𝐴𝐶+ < 𝐴𝐶𝐵 + 𝑥 = 1800 (angle sum

of triangle)

500 + 500 + x = 1800

x = 800

11. Find the size of the angle marked S in the figure below:

59 + S + 63 = 1800 (angle sum of straight line

122 + S = 1800

S = 580

12. In the figure below, BCD is a triangle and ABC is a straight line; Find the value of t.

5t

Angle DBC = angle DCB = 5t

7t + 5t = 1800 (angle sum of a straight line)

12 t = 1800

t = 150

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13. Find the value of the angle marked (2x +10)° in the figure below:

The sum of two opposite anterior angles= exterior angles

(2x + 10) + x = x + 70

Remove brackets

2x + 10 + x = x + 70

Collect like terms

2x = 600

X = 30

The required angle = 2x + 10 = 2 x 30 + 10 = 700

14. Find the value of angle P in the figure below:

Two opposite interior angles = exterior angle

40 + P = 70

P = 300

15. Find the value of x in the figure below.

x + 90 = 1800 (angle sum on a straight line)

x = 900

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16. In the diagram below AE is parallel to CD. Find the size of angle r.

400 + 650 + <EBD = 1800 (angle sum of

straight line)

Angle EBD = 1800 – (40 + 65)0

= 750

r = angle EBD = 750 (alternative angles)

17. In the diagram below, ABC is an isosceles triangle. Find the value of P at A

<ACB + 130 = 180 (angle sum on straight line)

Angle ACB = 180 – 130 = 500

<ABC = <ACB = 500

P + <ABC + <ACB = 1800

P + 50 + 50 = 1800

P = 800

18. Find the value of x in the figure below.

x + 2x = 900

3x = 900

x = 300

19. Find the value of x in the figure below

(2x -3) = (x + 5)

Remove brackets

2x -3 = x + 5

x=8

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20. Study the triangle below and use it to answer the questions that follow. A

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iii) Find the value of t.
(3t + 18) + (5t + 18) + 800 = 1800 (angle sum of triangle)

Remove brackets

3t + 18 + 5t + 18 + 80 = 180

8t + 116 = 180

8t = 64

t = 80

iv) Find the size of angle ABC.

Angle ABC = 5 x 8 + 18 =580

21. Find the value of the angle marked p in the figure below.

70 + P = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)

P = 1100

22. Find the complement of an angle of 70°.

700 + complement = 900

Complement = 200

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23. Find the size of angle y in the figure below.

2y = 116

y = 580

24. Two angles are supplementary. If one of them is 28°, find the other angle.
Supplementary angles add up to 1800

∴ the supplement of 280 = (180 – 28)0 = 1520

25. Find the value of x in the figure below.

2x + 90 + 40 = 180 (angle sum on a straight line)

2x +130 = 180

2x = 180 – 130

2x = 50

x = 25

26. In the diagram below, XTS is parallel to PYQR. Use it to find the size of angle Z.

<TYQ = <TQY = 700 (alternative angle)

<TYQ + <TQY + Z = 1800 (angle sum of triangle)

700 +700 + Z = 1800

1400 + Z = 1800

Z = 400

27. Find the complement of the angle of 250

Complementary angles add up to 900

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 Let the angle be y
y + 250 = 900
y = 650

28. In the triangle PQR, angle PQR = 780, angle PRQ=420 and angle PQS = 320. Find the size of angle PSQ.

320

420
R
P
S
Angle QPR + angle PQR + angle QRP = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)

Angle QPR + 780 + 420 = 1800

Angle QPR = 600

Angle PSQ + angle QPS + angle PQS = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)

Angle PSQ + 600 + 320 = 1800

Angle PSQ = 880

29. Find the size of one of the exterior angles of a regular octagon.
360 360
Exterior angle = = = 450
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 8

30. In the figure below, AB is parallel to CD, find the value of x

A 3x0 B
600

C D

3x = 600 (alternative angle)

3𝑥 600
=
3 2
x = 200

31. The figure below is an isosceles triangle. Find the size of angle x
C

400
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x0
Angle CAB = angle ABC = x

It implies that: x + x + 40 = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)

2x + 40 = 180

2x = 140

x = 700

32. Find the valve of Y in the figure below.

Y0

1250

Interior angle + exterior angle = 1800

Y + 125 = 1800
Y = 550
33. Find the value of x in the figure below.

280

2x0
Angle sum on a straight line add up to 1800.
90 + 28 + 2x = 180
118 + 2x = 180
2x = 180 – 118
= 620
x = 310
34. In the diagram below, PTUV is a straight line, angle TSU =400, angle SUV=1500 and angle
PQT=300.use the given information to find the value o the angle maerked k and n.

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 (04 marks)

P T U V
0 0
n k
1500
400

300
S

Q
K + 40 = 150
K = 1100
n + 30 = 110
n = 800
35. Find the value w in the figure below

350

350 800

W0

W + 35 = 180

W = 180 – 35

= 1450

36. In the diagram below, CAB is a triangle and DCA a triangle line. Study it and answer the
question below(3marks)
(a) What is the valve of Y
B

y+50

4y+200 2y+250
D Science Foundation
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A +256 753 802709
4y + 20 = y +5 + 2y + 25
y =100
(c) What the size of angle ACB? (3mark)

𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝐶𝐵 = 1800 − (4𝑦 + 20)

= 1800 –(4 x 10 + 20)
= 1200
37. In the figure below, find the value of n in degrees.

1080

n0
108 + n =180

n = 720

38. In the triangle below, find the size of angle g in degrees.

g0

700 700

700 + 700 + g0 = 1800(angle sum of a triangle)

g0 = 400

39. In the diagram below, OP is parallel to QR, HKL is triangle, angle HLR=1100 and angle
SHP= 50o
Study it and answer the questions that follow.
S

H 500
O P

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y 1100
Q R
K L
Find the size of
(c) Angle y: (2marks)
Angle SKI = angle SHP = 500 (corresponding angle)
Angle y + angle SKI = 1800 (angle sum on a straight line)
y + 500 = 1800
y = 1300

(d) angle M (3mark)

Angle HIK + 1100 = 1800 (angle sum on a straight line)
Angle HIK = 700
Angle HIK + angle HKI + m = 1800 (angle sum of triangle)
700 + 500 + m = 1800
m = 600
40. In the diagram below, find the valve of x.

55 + x = 900
x0
x = 350
550

41. In the figure below, find the bearing of town B from town A.
N

N Let the bearing be x

X + 550 = 1800

X = 1800 – 550
x
X = 1250
A
550 The bearing of B from A = 1250

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42. 36 In the diagram below, line AB is parallel to CD and BCD is an isosceles triangle. Study it carefully
and use it to answer the questions that follow.
A B

3x0

3x0
7x 0 3x0

C D

(c) Find the value of X (3marks)

Angle BCD = Angle CDB = 3x0 (corresponding angles)
7x0 + 3x0 = 180 (angle sum of a straight line)
X = 180

(d) Work out the size of angle ABC (2marks)

Angle ABC = angle BCD (alternate angles) = 3x0 = 18 x 3 = 540

43. In the diagram below, find the valves of K

P Q
500 500
0
K

R S

500 + k + 500 = 1800 (angle sum of a straight line)

k = 800

. (a) The interior angle of a regular polygon is 36 more than its exterior angle. What is the size of each
exterior angle? (02marks)

Let the exterior angle be x

The anterior angle = x + 36

Then, x + x + 36 = 180

X = 72

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(b) In the figure below DE is parallel to FG, angle ODE =1270 and angle OFG=1360. Calculate the size of
angle x.
(02marks)

D
E
0
127

O x

1360
G
F

X + 127 + 136 = 360

X = 97

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44. Find the value of X in the diagram below.

3x0 2x0

3x + 900 + 2x = 1800 (angle sum of straight line)

x = 180

45. In the figure below, BCD is a straight line. Line BX bisects angle ABC. Line AB is parallel to line XC.
Angle BCE = 500 and angle BAC =700
A
X

700
E

a 500
B
C D

Find the size of the angles:

(iii) CEX (04 marks)

Considering triangle ABC Using triangle BAE

a + a + 500 + 700 = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle) a + Angle BEA + 700 = 1800

2a = 600 300 + angle BEA + 700 = 1800

A = 300 Angle BEA = 800

But, angle BEA = angle CEK

∴ Angle CEK = 800

(iv) DCX (01 marks)

Angel XCA = angle BAC = 700 (alternative angles)

Angle BCA + angle ACX + angle XCD = 1800 (angle sum on a straight line)
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500 + 70College
0
+ angle+256
XCD 753 802709
= 180 0

Angle XCD = 600

46. Find the size of angle y the figure below.

2y = 1300

y = 650

1300
y0

47. In the figure below line AB is parallel to CD, Angle CTV = 44 and angle TQR=56. Study use it
to answer the questions that follow:

Q R
A B
560 g0

0
k

C D
440 T

Find the size of

(c) Angle k (02mark)

Angle RTD = 440 (corresponding angles)

Angle RTD + k + 56 = 180
k = 180 – (44 + 56) = 800

(d) Angle g (02mark)

g + angle RTD = 1800

g = 180 -44 =1360

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48. In the triangle below, find the value of d in degrees

5d = 180 (angle sum of a triangle)

d= 360

49. Study the figure below and use it to answer the questions that follow.

(c) Find the value of g (03marks)

(3g + 6) + (g + 30) + (2g – 24) = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)
3g + 6 + g + 30 + 2g – 24 = 1800
6g +12 = 1800
6g = 1920
g = 320
(d) Calculate the size of angle RST
Angle RST = (g + 30)0
= 32 + 30
= 620

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50. Find the value of p in degrees in the diagram below

180 – 5p + 180 – 3p + 180 – 4p = 180 (angle sum of triangle)

540 – 12p = 180
12p = 360 (sum of exterior angle)
p = 300
51. (a) The interior angle of a regular polygon is 108 more than the exterior angle. How many
sides has the polygon? (03marks)
Let exterior angle be x
x + x + 1080 = 1800 (angle sum of straight line)
x = 360
Number of sides = 360/36 = 10sides
(b) Find size of angle z in the figure below

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550 + 600 + z = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)
z = 650

52. In the diagram below, line DH is parallel to FE. Angle ACB = 750 and angle CBE = 1350. Angle
FAD is twice angle DAC. Study the diagram and use it to answer the questions that follow.

D C H

750

1350

F A B E

(c) Calculate the size of angle DAC (03marks)

Angle CBA + angle CBE = 1800 ( angle sum of a straight line)

Angle CBA = (180 -135)0

= 450

Then angle ACB + angle CAB + angle ABC = 1800 (angle sum of a triangle)
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It implies that: angle CAB = (180 –(45 + 75))0

= 600
 (d) Find the size of angle DAC

Angle DAC = angle FAD = 2X = 2 x 40 = 800 (corresponding angles)

Thank you

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