{n this chapter Value Taught - Usage of Social Media Life Skill - Decision Making Sor networking is fundamentally lelerry Lelio shifting the way we interact, communicate, organise, form opinions or even shop. It is blurring boundaries, increasing transparency and creating fluidity in everything we do. Companies at all levels today are compelled to attend : and cater to the influence of social networking sites. Social networking platforme drove j man closer to those in neighbouring | continents, while driving him further : apart from thoge in hig: neighbourhood. : -Mokhono. q The reality is you need to go where your target audiences are and people are more likely to participate in a social media forum than any other venue. Customers, partners and employees, expect to engage with you through social media-it is a way for you to stay connected, gather feedback, recruit and collaborate. As a result, you need to support social media in your environment to enable innovation, increased productivity and accelerated growth that will deprive your business. The invention of social media has changed our lives tremendously. With instant messaging, unlimited access, being a cheaper method of communication, raising awareness and generating income by promoting goods and services, social media has revolutionised the modern- day society. Advantages of Social Media * Connectivity : People from anywhere can connect with anyone.9. Social Networking Sites gucation : Social media is beneficial both for students and teachers. Via . aaa media one can enhance knowledge by downloading the material from experts & professionals. information and updates : You can update yourself of any and every subject andabout the latest happenings around the world. promotion You can promote both offline and online business to the largest audience. Noble cause : The social media can also be used to promote NGO, social welfare activities and donations for the needy people. ‘awareness : Social media also creates awareness and innovate the way people live - from farmers to teachers, students to lawyers every individual ofthe society can benefit from the social media. Helps government and agencies fight crime : It helps both the governments and security agencies to spy and catch criminals. Helps in building communities : Since our world has different beliefs and religions, social media helps in building and participating in the community of own religion and believes to discuss and learn about it. Disadvantages of social media Cyber bullying : Most of the children have become victim of cyber bullying. Since anyone can create a fake account and do anything without being traced. Hacking : Personal data and privacy can easily be hacked and shared. This is one of the dangerous disadvantages. Addiction : The addictive part of the social media is very bad and can disturb Personallives, Fraud and Scam : A lot of examples are there of individuals having been Scammed and commit fraud through social media. Security issues : The security agencies have access to people's personal accounts. ~ Ea ec+ Reputation : Social media can easily ruin someone's reputation i by just creating a false story and spreading it across. * Cheating and relationship issues : Some people use the social media platform to An aie Propose and marry. However there are : cases where couples have cheated each | Before you enter alift (elevator), firgt other by taking feelings and giving allow the people ingide to exit. Never bo : incorrect information. in ahurry to get in. Health issues : Excessive usage of social media can have a negative impact on health. Exercise is the key to lose weight. Thus excessive use of social networking involves long hours of sitting and lack of physical exercise, + Social media causes death : By following the stunts and other crazy stuffs that are shared on the internet many teenagers and youngsters try to do the some like bikers jumping over trains or doing stunts on running trains and often face fatal accidents leading to death. * Glamorizes drugs and alcohol : This is a major disadvantage that people follow those who are wealthy or drug addict and share their views and videos on the web. This eventually inspires others to follow the same and get addicted to the drugs and alcohol. Ponder . Social mediais the latest form of interaction. . Keep a check on your activities on social media. Do not get much influenced byit. Practice Session (A) Answerthe following: Q1. Discuss the role of social networking in the modern world. Q2. Namesome social networkingsites. ._ Howis social media posing health hazards? .. What are the advantages of social media? .. What are the disadvantages of social media?(Answers at end of Chapter 10) (8) Make a list of all the social networking sites found on internet. Then find out how every particular site can be harmful or beneficial. NL ACN — %Sete ee I wv < DECISION-MAKING 3 ea” 2 Decision-making becomes a very complex process when it comes to takin, decisions. Let us learn about the barriers in decision-making and the ways them. '8 important t0 overcome Barriers in Decision Making And Ways to Overcome Them There are a number of things that prevent effective decision-making. They are- 1. Scarce Information - If enough information is not there, one feels that he is makin, decision without basis. So as to solve the problem of scarce information, one must ve gather as much information as possible. If necessary, one must prioritise his information-gathering by identifying the source which would prove to be most fruitful, Too much information - Sometimes, a huge amount of information actually confuses the decision-maker. Moreover, in some cases, the information is contradictory. This problem can be solved by examining the information to decide which all information is relevant and which all information is irrelevant. Services of professionals could also be taken soasto distinguish between right and wronginformation. Pp 3. Too many people - When too many people are involved in the decision-making process, making a decision becomes difficult. Everyone has his own views and values therefore a unanimous decision becomes almost impossible. In such cases, somebody should be given the power to take a decision after examining the different views. All the others should support his decision. 4. Vested interests - Sometimes the decision-makers are not impartial or they themselves have some hidden interests which they do not disclose. In cases of vested interests, if possible, the authority of decision making should be transferred to some other judicious person or the existing decision-makers should be persuaded to decide the thing on merit and not on the basis of personal gains. Our decisions should not be influenced by our prejudices. Decision-making should be rational and unbiased. rake risks, so avoids fect Lack of courage - Sometimes the decision-maker does not want tot takinga on his position. However, a person should be courageous enou| decision. He thinks that if his decision goes wrong, it will have an adverse 3 igh to bear the risk.9. Sovial Networking Sites. ~: unorganised decision making process - When the process of decision-making is not organized, decisions are delayed. Everybody should aim at structuring his/her decision making process by way of thinking and examining the given or available information. 1iP 10. A Necessary Evil {n this chapter Value Taught - Use of Mobile Phones Life Skill - Problem Solving ‘elephones have changed dramatically Ti Alexander Graham Bell spoke the first words into a telephone on March : Give the people in your life the gift of 10, 1876. In the early 1980s portable : your presence by putting down your phones were quite big. In 1983, Motorola : mobile device. first produced a commercially hand held mobile phone (Dyna TAC 8000x). Several other companies started to produce mobile phones. From the First-Generation System (1G) now the phones have become Fourth Generation System (4G). Itis the mobile device which has become the lifeline of communication in today's time. Kate Ni In the developed world, smart phones have now overtaken the usage of earlier mobile systems. However, in the developing world, they account for only 20% of mobile telephony. Mobile phones are used for a variety of purposes such as keeping in touch with family members, for conducting business and in order to have access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. Further, people may use it for playing games, listening to music, watching movie, surfing internet, mobile banking, etc. Technology, in particular mobile phones, have become an integral part of our lives. We seem completely dependent on our phones no matter where we are or what we are doing. People these days are empowered to be mobile savvy. We can now send/receive emails anywhere, easily stay connected with those close and afar, take photos, play games, manage calendars and the list goes on. Mobile phones have become a necessity of life nowadays, but somewhere We are not using it correctly, we have become over-dependent on these devices.na way, mobile phones have become a constant urce of interruptions in our lives. Whether it is a family eet together, wedding or any professional meeting, our mobile phones can ring anywhere. qhese regular interruptions lead to divided attention and an individual cannot give his best toa single activity he is involved in at that moment. This may sometime annoy the other people or Jowerthe efficiency of the individuals. Mobile phones have dehumanised the dynamics of human contact. The essence of personal touch is lost in today's tech-savvy world. People have confined themselves to the world of mobile and have forgotten how to interact inreal life. The face to face communication has taken a back seat. Gone are the times when the family used to sit together at dinner and that strictly used to be the family time. The instant messaging and social media applications have become the favourite past time of most of the people across all the age groups. Some people become completely disinterested in spending time with their families. The worst affected are the children. The children are spending hours on the mobile phones playing game. This affects their reading time and sleeping hours also. This also plays havoc on their physical and mental growth. Alarge section of teenagers and young people have fallen victims of the mobile phones. The instant messaging and social media applications have become very popular among them. They also have an easy access to pornographic sites, which ultimately has a damaging impact on their mental health. Excessive use of mobile phones leads to migraine, weak eyesight, sleeplessness, chronic fatigue, infertility, cardiac problems and tumours in extreme cases. Recent research has evidence that the radiation from lithium, which is | Contained in the batteries of the mobile phones, can produce brain cancer and | tumours. Also mental illnesses, such as Alzheimer disease (memory loss) and | Sleep problems could be caused by excessive use of mobile phones. Besides, | oF. 74psychiatrists and sociologists believe that mobile phone addiction is becoming one of the biggest non-drug addiction in the 21st century. It is more than Proven that the use of mobile phones could endanger human health. The human health studies show that the increasing number of mobile Phone towers in cities are bringing down the bird population. Research has established that the ill effects of Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) emitted by mobile phones kills the birds, and even damages their eggs and embryos, A decreasing number of sparrow and many small species of birds are really alarming. Experts claim that once gone, these birds would never come back, A constant use of mobile phone leads to many risks in life. As it is a source of constant communication, people are often on calls and phones while they are walking in the street or driving a car. These things lead to major road accidents which may lead to injuries and even death in many cases. However, we cannot deny that mobile phone is a great invention and almost a perfect technological achievement. It would be unfair if we restrict ourselves to only the negativities of these devices. Mobile phones have provided a great level of convenience and safety to those who use them. With these devices, one is never lonely. There are a large number of mobile applications which are helpful in managing most of the things in our lives with the help of a single touch. One can set alarms and reminders, schedule meetings and have video conferences using mobiles. Besides, a large number of applications help us to do online shopping, getting the food delivery at home or office, taking care of our health, reading books, etc. The instant messaging services help to connect with each other as and when required. The physical distances have been overcome by a large number of free calling applications. It is a big support for the people who are living away from their : othor people. Remember, shouting and : families. They can enjoy a video call with hitting only intimidate your pet and their family members as many times as ighlights your own short comin they want. Do not shout at your pet in front of :10. A Necessary Evil e human dependence on the mobile devices has increased significantly. fechnology is good as long as it is our slave. The day it starts becoming a master itcanhave some serious effects on our lives. I over-utilisation of any resource is harmful. Now mobile phones have interweaved into our lives so much that some have started considering it as an inevitable part of their lives. They have become habitual to it like a drug addict igaddicted to drugs. This has consequently given rise to new phobias. There is no doubt that mobile devices are an absolute necessity in today's time. till, the extent to which these are to be allowed to invade our lives is in the hands of an individual. We need to make an optimal use of the mobiles to reap the maximum benefits out of them._ (A) Read the following: (B) HONOUR KILLINGS IN INDIA To be young and in love has proved fatal for many young girls and boys in some parts of India because the intolerant, rigid and unprogressive outlook of certain sections of our society refuses to accept any violation of its rigid code of decorum, especially when it comes to females. Honour killing is an another way of doing away with anyone seen as violating the rigid family norms. Sometimes such killings are socially sanctioned by caste panchayats and carried out by the frenzied mobs with the connivance of the family members. The remedy to such murders is educate and enlighten the society... Give your comments on the above issue. In your opinion, how can such killings be avoided? ae HEARIEREGIEPEEPECEE CECE CeCe EEE eee eee Sees EEE EEE eee eee ee er te ee Ee Te ee ee te Te Te Make a chart showing the merits and demerits of mobile phones. Also, write your message on this subject. Request your teacher to hang the chart in classroom.10. A Necessary Evil ils oe xe PROBLEM SOLVING ive problem solving usually involves working through different steps or stages which prelistedas under: (a) Problem related stage (8) solution related stage Problem related stage - It involves problem identification and structuring the problem. Itinvolves detecting, defining, identifying, observing, inspecting and finding the facts elated to the problem. (It has been discussed in detail in the previous class) (8) Solution related stage - Solution related stage refers to the steps that are taken so as to solve the problem. It involves : |. Looking for possible solutions . Taking a decision Implementing the remedial action ~ Monitoring the performance 1. Looking for possible solutions - In this stage, one has to generate a range of possible courses of action, without actually attempting to evaluate them. It is the stage where one has to just identify the possible actions. This stage also involves communicating with others so as to get more and more ideas related to remedial action. It is also advisable to seek professional guidance if the problem is of a complex nature. 2. Taking a decision - This stage deals with evaluating the possible remedial measures by way of careful analysis. It is the most complex stage of the problem solving process. Some remedial measures may appear to be very fruitful, but may not be possible because of financial or other constraints. After going through the minute details of all the potential solutions, one must select the best possible course of action by way of taking a decision. a 'mplementing the remedial action - This stage involves carrying out the chosen course Of action. It deals with applying the remedial action so as to solve the problem. In this Stage, some smaller problems may arise which need to be thought about carefully. The Problems related to implementation should be solvedas soon as possible. To —F?7omh hos A.: : 4. Monitoring the performance - This is the last stage of problem solving. It involves reviewing the outcome of problem solving over a period of time, including seeking feedback as regards success of the chosen solution. In this stage, one has to carefully monitor the functioning of the remedial action. This is the stage which actually reveals whether the solution is good or not. (Answer to the wordsearch of chapter-9) 1.Comet 2.£octh 3.Galaxy 4.Jupiter 5.Mars 6.Moon 7.Nova 8.Pluto 9. Rocket 10. Saturn 11. Stars 12. Venus maa{n this chapter Value Taught - Cleanliness Life Skill - Disaster Management Quotable Quote ‘| appeal to every citizen to dedicate {00 hours a year towards cleanliness. wachh Bharat Abhiyan is a Clean India Drive and Mission launched as a rational campaign by the Government of India so as to cover the statutory towns and aiming at cleanliness of streets, roads and infrastructure of the country. The Prime Minister of India, Mr. Narendra Modi, officially launched this mission on October 02, 2014, the birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, at the Rajghat, New Delhi. While launching the event, the PM himself cleaned the road. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is the biggest cleanliness drive ever in India involving 3 million government employees and students from schools and colleges. On the day of launch of the event the PM himself nominated the name of nine people to participate in the cleanliness drive in their own areas. Schools and colleges participated in the event by organising many cleanliness activities according to their own themes. Students of India also participated in the event. The PM also requested the nine nominees to call another nine people Separately to participate in this cleanliness drive as well as continue the chain of calling nine people by each and every participating candidate in the mission until the message reaches to every Indian in every corner of the country to make ita national mission. mis mission aims at joining each and every Indian from all walks of life by sank ng the structure of branching of a tree. It aims to construct individual itary latrines for household purposes for the people living under the erty line, Converting dry latrines into low-cost sanitary latrines, providing let ee ceTae, facilities of hand pump, providing facilities of safe and secure bathing, setting up sanitary marts, constructing drains, proper disposal of solid and liquid wastes, enhancing health and education awareness, providing household and environmental sanitation facilities, etc. Earlier also, many awareness programmes like the Total Sanitation Campaign, the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan, etc were launched by the Government of India. However, they did not prove effective ine 7 y 4 | at open defecation, changing insanitary toilets into pour flush toilets, removing manual scavenging, bringing behavioural changes among people, enhancing awareness about sanitation, facilitating the participation of private sector towards cleanliness facilities. The first nine nominated people by the PM are Salman Khan, Anil Ambani, Kamal Hassan, Mridula Sinha, Priyanka Chopra, Baba Ramdev, Sachin Tendulkar, Shashi Tharoor and the team of the TV. serial ‘Taarak Mehta ka Ooltah Chasma'. The Indian film actor, Aamir Khan, was invited at the launchin8 of the mission. There are various brand ambassadors who have been chosen by the PM to initiate and promote the abhiyan of Swachh Bharat in various fields. They are Akhilesh Yadav, Shilpa Shetty, Pawam Kalyan, VVS Laxman, Akshay sere ee EEE Egat errr eer eees Il. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Kumar, Lakshmi Manchu, Galla Jayadav, Pullela Gopichand, etc. To ensure cleanliness in the official buildings of Uttar Pradesh, chewing pan, gutka and other tobacco products has been banned by the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh. Fi Other programmes like the Swachh Bharat Run, fo. Swachh Bharat App, Real-time Monitoring System, etc. have been initiated and insicaidsall implemented to actively support the purpose e mission. In order to continue to at this campaign successful, the | beeen eld bed, lemme Finance Ministry of India has started : Neyer be late at a meeting. By being : charging ‘Swachh Bharat Cess'. According : late, you give amegeage that’ My time : to this, everyone has to pay 0.5% more : igmore important than yours’. 7 service tax on all the services in India, The rrr Benen amount will go towards this cleanliness campaign.(Value and Life Skill Activities) (A) Read the following: THE STRUCTURE OF INDIAN POPULATION India is the world's second most populous country and is expected to become the most populous by 2040. At present, the population of India is around 1.34 billion. Over 700 million Indians are below 35 years of age and over 550 million are below 25. The rising income gap is creating an urban-rural divide and a north-south imbalance. A quarter of Indian population lives below the poverty line. Almost 70% of Indians still reside in rural areas although in recent decades migration to bigger cities has led toa dramatic increase in the country's urban population. India is home to around 18% of the world's population but accounts for only 2.42% of the total world area. It is expected that the middle class will surge tenfold exceeding 500 million by 2025. It will command 60% of the country's spending power. Comment on the favourable and unfavourable trends in the population of India. Surf the internet, go through newspapers and magazines to collect pictures related to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. Paste them in your scrapbook.a {f. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan DISASTER MANAGEMENT re sudden natural or man-made calamities that cause a great destruction property. The adverse affects of disasters are extremely painful and long- n the survivors have to go through emotional disturbances. Disasters de the environment. Floods may cause soil erosion and tsunamis ruin the pisasters 2! of life and tasting. Eve even degra marine life. managing Disasters The first people to respond to a disaster are those living in the local community. They are the first to begin rescue and relief operations. A strong presence of mind is essential for saving the lives of those who are trapped in disasters. It is imperative to effectively train disaster management professionals in various technical and communicable skills. Disaster management schemes set up by the government and local communities focus on preventive measures against the recurrence of various disasters such as floods, tsunamis, cyclones, etc. thereby reducing the damage to life and property up to the minimum. How Can You Assist in Disaster Management? Ifyouare serious about doing something as regards disaster management, you can- + Enroll yourself as a member of the National Service Scheme to receive training for helping the local communities. + Jointhe 'Rapid Action Team’ of firefighting, first aid and evacuation of earthquake and cyclone victims to cope with the immediate situation. * Know about the volunteer agencies who help the disaster victims by providing them food, clothing, medical aid and shelter. They also help the victims in the evacuation process. You can also join any such agent. * People who want to help often do not know where their services are required. As a result, a lot of materials get wasted or efforts are misdirected. You can become a channel to bring the volunteers and the agencies together. The Institutions Where Money can be Contributed * The Prime Minister's National Relief Fund (PMNRF) is basically utilised to give immediate relief to families of those affected by natural calamities like cyclones, floods, earthquakes and victims of major accidents and riots. indian Red Cross Society (IRCS) is a voluntary humanitarian organisation providing ‘ang ey oe of disasters/emergencies and promotes health and care of the € people and communities. (Yo “a A.. ‘Suggestion for the Teacher. CARE INDIA is a leading humanitarian organisation that delivers emergency aid to survivors of natural disaster and helps people in rebuilding their lives, ant) Make the children understand the importance of hygiene as regards good health, Tell Th clean. : em to keep thei