Lecture 28
Lecture 28
Operating System Concepts – 10th Edition Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2018
Outline
▪ Overview
▪ Multicore Programming
▪ Multithreading Models
▪ Thread Libraries
▪ Implicit Threading
▪ Threading Issues
▪ Operating System Examples
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Objectives
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Motivation
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Single and Multithreaded Processes
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Examples of MTP
• Web Browsers
• Web Servers
• Computer Games
• Text Editors
• IDE
• https://www.nirsoft.net/utils/process_threads_view.html
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Multithreaded Server Architecture
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Benefits
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Multicore Programming
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Concurrency vs. Parallelism
▪ Concurrent execution on single-core system:
Operating System Concepts – 10th Edition 4.10 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2018
Multicore Programming
▪ Types of parallelism
• Data parallelism – distributes subsets of the same data
across multiple cores, same operation on each
• Task parallelism – distributing threads across cores, each
thread performing unique operation
Operating System Concepts – 10th Edition 4.11 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2018
Data and Task Parallelism
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User Threads and Kernel Threads
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User and Kernel Threads
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Multithreading Models
▪ Many-to-One
▪ One-to-One
▪ Many-to-Many
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Many-to-One
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One-to-One
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Many-to-Many Model
▪ Allows many user level threads to be mapped to many kernel threads
▪ Allows the operating system to create a sufficient number of kernel
threads
▪ Windows with the ThreadFiber package
▪ Otherwise not very common
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Two-level Model
▪ Similar to M:M, except that it allows a user thread to be bound to
kernel thread
Operating System Concepts – 10th Edition 4.19 Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne ©2018